Semi-automatic grinding equipment for automobile parts and working method of semi-automatic grinding equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of electrical equipment, in particular to semi-automatic grinding equipment for automobile parts and a working method thereof.The semi-automatic grinding equipment for the automobile parts comprises a machine base, a control device, a positioning device, a grinding device, a displacement device, a dust collecting device and the like, the positioning device is used for fixing the parts, and the grinding device is used for grinding the parts; the invention further relates to a working method of the equipment, and the working method comprises the steps of equipment deployment and calibration, part positioning and clamping, grinding parameter setting, multi-dimensional grinding and scrap removal, dust collection, equipment reset and the like. The automobile part polishing device has the technical effects that the automobile parts can be accurately polished, dust and chippings generated by polishing are effectively collected, the parts are stably clamped, the equipment operation reference precision is ensured, and the dust collecting device is conveniently and regularly maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electrical equipment, and more particularly to a semi-automatic grinding device for automotive parts and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] In the automotive manufacturing industry, surface polishing of automotive parts is one of the key processes to ensure product quality and performance. The smoothness and precision of the parts' surfaces directly affect the assembly accuracy, service life, and appearance quality of the vehicle. With the rapid development of the automotive industry, the market's requirements for the quantity and quality of automotive parts are constantly increasing, making the efficiency and stability of the polishing process increasingly important. Currently, the application of automotive parts polishing processes is quite widespread in the industry, covering various types of parts such as engine parts, chassis parts, and body panels. Different types of parts have significantly different requirements for polishing processes due to differences in materials (such as aluminum alloys, cast iron, and steel), dimensions, and structures.

[0003] For the grinding needs of automotive parts, existing technologies mainly employ two methods. The first is manual grinding, where operators use handheld grinding tools (such as angle grinders and abrasive wheels) to grind the surface of the parts. This method relies on the operator's experience to judge the grinding force and angle, and can flexibly adjust the grinding strategy according to the actual surface condition of the parts, making it particularly suitable for grinding small batches of irregularly shaped parts. The second method is fully automated grinding equipment. This equipment uses a robotic arm equipped with a grinding head, along with a vision recognition system and a control system, to achieve the entire process of automatic loading, positioning, grinding, and unloading of parts. This equipment can operate continuously for 24 hours, with a high degree of standardization in grinding actions, making it suitable for grinding large batches of standardized parts.

[0004] However, existing technical solutions have significant drawbacks: the precision of manual grinding depends heavily on the operator's skill level and working condition. When operators are fatigued, uneven grinding force and angle deviations can easily occur, leading to large fluctuations in the quality of the ground parts and a generally low pass rate. Furthermore, manual grinding is inefficient; an operator can only grind an average of 180-260 small parts per day, which is insufficient to meet the needs of large-scale production. While fully automated grinding equipment solves the problems of efficiency and quality stability, its manufacturing cost is high, requiring an investment of several million yuan for a complete automated grinding production line. Moreover, equipment debugging is complex; changing to different types of parts necessitates rewriting the program, adjusting the fixtures and grinding parameters, typically taking 3-4 days. This severely limits its flexibility and makes it unsuitable for small-batch, multi-variety parts production scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the problems of low efficiency and unstable grinding quality in the existing automotive parts grinding process, which relies on manual operation, and high cost and lack of flexibility of fully automated equipment, this application provides a semi-automatic automotive parts grinding equipment and its working method.

[0006] In the first aspect, this application provides a semi-automatic grinding equipment for automotive parts, which adopts the following technical solution: A semi-automatic grinding equipment for automotive parts includes a base, a control device, a positioning device for fixing the parts, a grinding device for grinding the parts, and a displacement device for driving the grinding parts to move. The control device is mounted on the base and is used to control the working status of the positioning device, the grinding device, and the displacement device. A positioning frame is fixed in the middle area of ​​the base, and the positioning device is mounted on the positioning frame. The displacement device is mounted on the base and arranged away from the control device. The grinding device is mounted on the displacement device and is drivenly connected to the displacement device. A dust collection device is provided below the positioning frame and is arranged facing the positioning frame.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, semi-automatic precision grinding of automotive parts has been achieved. It has functions such as equipment movement and level adjustment, stable part positioning, multi-dimensional movement of the grinding head, cleaning and centralized collection of debris during the grinding process, and solves the problems of traditional grinding equipment such as inconvenient movement, unstable positioning that easily scratches parts, low grinding accuracy, and incomplete dust and debris treatment.

[0008] Preferably, the positioning frame is provided with a debris guide, and the debris guide is integrally formed with the positioning frame; the debris guide is connected to the dust collection device, and the debris guide is used to guide dust and debris into the dust collection device.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the debris guide and the positioning frame are integrally formed and connected to the dust collection device, which can guide the dust and debris generated by grinding into the dust collection device, realize the centralized collection of dust and debris, and solve the problem of incomplete dust and debris treatment.

[0010] Preferably, the dust collection device has a dust collection section, a filter section, and a dust collection drive section. The dust collection section is fixedly installed on the base and located below the positioning frame. The dust collection section is used to centrally process dust and debris. The dust collection section has an input end and an output end. The input end of the dust collection section faces the positioning frame. The dust collection drive section is fixedly installed on the dust collection section and installed near the output end of the dust collection section. The dust collection drive section is used to output negative pressure. The filter section is installed in the middle area of ​​the dust collection section. The filter section is used to filter dust and debris.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the dust collection unit can centrally process the dust and debris generated during grinding. The negative pressure output by the dust collection drive unit can cause the dust and debris to enter the dust collection unit. The filtration unit can filter the dust and debris entering the dust collection unit, thus realizing the centralized processing and filtration of dust and debris. This solves the problems of poor dust collection effect, dust diffusion hazard to health, and high cleaning cost of existing equipment.

[0012] Preferably, the dust collection device further includes a dust suction section, which is arranged around the output end of the grinding device and connected to the dust collection device. The dust suction section is used to collect the debris generated during the grinding of the parts.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the equipment includes a base, a control device, a positioning device, a grinding device, a displacement device, and a dust collection device. The positioning frame is equipped with a debris guide to guide dust into the dust collection device. On this basis, the dust collection device is equipped with a dust suction section around the output end of the grinding device, which can collect the debris generated by grinding parts, realizing integrated cleaning of dust and debris, and solving the problems of poor dust collection effect, dust diffusion hazard to health, and high cleaning cost of existing equipment.

[0014] Preferably, the grinding device is equipped with a dust removal component, which is arranged facing the output end of the grinding device. The dust removal component is used to clean the surface of the parts and the debris attached to the grinding device.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, in the semi-automatic grinding equipment for automotive parts, a dust removal component facing its output end is installed on the grinding device, which can clean the surface of the parts and the debris attached to the grinding device, reduce secondary scratches on the parts, and improve the grinding quality.

[0016] Preferably, the positioning device has a linkage part, a clamping part, an adjusting part, and a fixed drive part. The fixed drive part is fixedly installed on the positioning frame. The middle area of ​​the linkage part is rotatably connected to the positioning frame, and one end is rotatably connected to the output end of the fixed drive part. The clamping part is slidably installed on the linkage part. The adjusting part is installed on the linkage part and is drivenly connected to the clamping part. The adjusting part is used to adjust the position of the clamping part and absorb the impact force of the clamped parts.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, semi-automatic precision grinding of automotive parts is achieved, featuring functions such as equipment movement and level adjustment, stable part positioning, multi-dimensional movement of the grinding head, and cleaning and centralized collection of grinding debris. Specifically, the adjustable distance section of the positioning device can adjust the position of the clamping part and absorb clamping impact force. Combined with the linkage section and the fixed drive section, this ensures that the clamping part can stably clamp the part under the drive of the fixed drive section. Furthermore, the operator can adjust the pressure through the adjustable distance section according to the part's material and size, and, combined with pressure sensor feedback, control the clamping pressure within a safe range suitable for the part's material. Two sets of right-angled positioning devices ensure the stability of part fixation, solving the problem of unstable positioning and easy scratching of parts in traditional grinding equipment.

[0018] Preferably, the positioning frame is provided with a stop member, which is fixedly installed on the positioning frame. The stop member is used to initially position the part and limit the displacement of the part.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the stop component can initially position the part and limit its displacement. Combined with the positioning device, it can achieve stable clamping of the part, improve the stability of the part during the grinding process, and help improve the grinding accuracy.

[0020] Preferably, the abutment member is provided with a flow section, which is connected to a dust collection device and is used to assist in the collection of dust and debris.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, a flow section connected to the dust collection device is set on the stop part, which can help collect dust and debris, realize multi-directional dust collection, improve cleaning efficiency, and allow the dust and debris generated by grinding to flow into the dust collection section through this flow section, thus solving the problems of poor dust collection effect, dust diffusion hazard to health and high cleaning cost of existing equipment.

[0022] Preferably, the positioning frame is further provided with a ring suction part, which is arranged around the edge of the positioning frame and the input end faces the part. The ring suction part is also connected to a dust collection device. The ring suction part is used to collect dust and debris on the workbench.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, dust and debris on the workbench can be collected. Combined with the overall structure of the equipment and the debris guide, dust and debris can be guided in multiple directions, improving cleaning efficiency and solving the problems of poor dust collection effect, dust diffusion hazard to health and high cleaning cost of existing equipment.

[0024] Secondly, this application provides a working method for a semi-automatic grinding equipment for automotive parts, employing the following technical solution: A method for operating a semi-automatic grinding equipment for automotive parts includes the following steps: S1: Equipment deployment and level calibration. Move the equipment to the target working area using the casters at the bottom of the base. Rotate the multiple sets of working legs arranged at intervals on the base to support the equipment, so that the casters are off the ground. Adjust the height of different working legs to calibrate the levelness of the base table and ensure the accuracy of the equipment's operating reference. S2: Part pre-positioning and clamping parameter matching: Place the automotive part to be polished on the positioning frame. The position of the part is initially defined and its displacement is limited by the abutment on the positioning frame. According to the material and size characteristics of the part, operate the adjusting part of the positioning device to rotate the pressure adjusting sleeve, adjust the pre-tightening force of the pressure spring on the clamping part, and preset the safe pressure range of the mechanical pressure gauge. The safe pressure range is set according to the material of the part. S3: Adaptive stable clamping. The fixed drive unit of the start control device drives the linkage unit to swing around the hinge point of the positioning frame, causing the clamping part to swing down and fit against the surface of the part. The clamping pressure data is fed back in real time by the pressure sensor built into the clamping part, so that the clamping pressure is maintained within the preset safe pressure range. The two sets of positioning devices arranged at right angles work together to achieve stable clamping of the part. S4: Grinding parameter setting and system start-up. The grinding stroke and grinding speed parameters are set through the human-machine interface unit of the control device. The longitudinal servo motor and transverse servo motor of the displacement device are started, driving the longitudinal lead screw assembly and the transverse lead screw assembly to move the grinding device along the length and width of the machine base to the initial grinding position. The dust collection drive unit, dust scraper motor and dust suction drive motor are started at the same time, so that the dust collection device forms a negative pressure dust collection state. S5: Multi-dimensional precision grinding and real-time dust removal are linked. The control device drives the grinding device to start, and the displacement device drives the grinding device to perform multi-dimensional precision grinding along a preset trajectory. During the grinding process, the dust removal component on the grinding device continuously or periodically sprays airflow to clean the debris on the surface of the parts and the grinding head. Simultaneously, the dust suction drive motor drives the dust suction unit to perform forward and reverse reciprocating motion, and the bristles on the edge of the dust suction unit scrape the dust and debris on the surface of the parts. S6: All-round dust and debris collection in stages. Dust and debris generated during grinding are collected into the dust collection unit through three paths. They are directly sucked into the dust collection unit through the suction pipe of the suction unit, fall into the circulation section on the stop part, and are collected into the dust collection unit through the ring suction section on the edge of the positioning frame. Dust scattered on the positioning frame table is also sucked into the dust collection unit under the negative pressure guidance of the ring suction section. The cleaning filter section in the dust collection unit performs staged filtration of dust and debris. The dust scraper motor drives the dust scraper to clean the impurities deposited on the inner wall of the dust collection unit. The dust collection bag at the output end of the dust collection drive unit provides secondary protection. S7: Process completion and equipment reset. After the grinding stroke is completed, the control device shuts down the grinding machine, dust collection drive unit, dust scraper motor and dust suction drive motor in a preset sequence. The fixed drive unit drives the clamping unit to reset and release the parts. The displacement device drives the grinding device back to the initial position, completing the equipment reset. S8: According to the equipment operation cycle, maintain the dust collection device regularly; open the cleaning cover at the bottom of the dust collection section to clean or replace the filter media and collected dust and debris in the cleaning section.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solutions, the equipment deployment and horizontal calibration steps can improve the ease of equipment movement and operational stability, ensuring the accuracy of equipment operation benchmarks; the part pre-positioning and clamping parameter adaptation steps can initially locate the part and adapt the clamping parameters according to the material and size; the adaptive stable clamping step can achieve stable clamping of the part, avoiding pinching damage; the grinding parameter setting and system start-up steps can move the grinding device to the initial position, and the dust collection device can form a negative pressure dust collection state; the multi-dimensional precision grinding and real-time chip removal linkage steps can achieve multi-dimensional precision grinding, while cleaning the surface of the part and the debris attached to the grinding head; the all-round dust and debris classification collection step can collect and classify and filter dust and debris in all directions, achieving secondary protection; the process completion and equipment reset steps can complete the equipment reset; and the regular maintenance of the dust collection device steps can ensure the dust collection effect of the dust collection device.

[0026] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. Achieve semi-automatic precision grinding of automotive parts. The control device coordinates the operation of the positioning device, grinding device, and displacement device. The displacement device drives the grinding device to move precisely along the length and width of the machine base, which solves the problem of low grinding accuracy of traditional grinding equipment, significantly improves grinding quality and efficiency, and meets the requirements of large-scale production for parts grinding. 2. The equipment is easy to move and operates stably. The casters at the bottom of the base make it easy to move the equipment to the target working area. Multiple sets of working legs arranged at intervals can support the equipment and lift the casters off the ground. The level of the base table can be calibrated by adjusting the height of different working legs to ensure the accuracy of the equipment's operating reference, thus improving the practicality and reliability of the equipment. 3. The positioning device has an adaptive and stable clamping function. The abutment on the positioning frame can initially position the part and limit its displacement. The adjustable part of the positioning device can adjust the position of the clamping part and absorb the clamping impact force. The clamping part has a built-in pressure sensor that provides real-time feedback on the clamping pressure, keeping the pressure within the preset safe range. The two sets of right-angled positioning devices work together to reduce damage to the parts and are suitable for parts of different materials and sizes. 4. The dust collection device achieves all-round graded collection of dust and debris. The dust and debris generated by grinding are collected into the dust collection unit through three paths: the suction pipe of the dust collection unit, the flow part of the stop part, and the ring suction part of the positioning frame. The cleaning and filtration part in the dust collection unit performs graded filtration of dust and debris. The dust scraper motor drives the dust scraper to clean the impurities deposited on the inner wall of the dust collection unit. The dust collection bag at the output end of the dust collection drive unit provides secondary protection, reducing dust diffusion, improving cleaning efficiency, and improving the working environment. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is an overall structural view of Embodiment 1; Figure 2 This is an overall structural view of Embodiment 2; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 2; Figure 4 This is a structural view of the dust collection device in Embodiment 2; Figure 5 yes Figure 5 Another perspective on the structure.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Base; 11. Casters; 12. Outriggers; 2. Control device; 3. Positioning device; 31. Positioning frame; 310. Debris guide; 311. Ring suction part; 32. Positioning right angle plate; 320. Clamping cylinder; 321. Clamping head; 322. Clamping arm; 33. Linkage part; 34. Clamping part; 35. Adjustment part; 350. Pressure adjusting sleeve; 351. Pressure spring; 352. Guide rod; 36. Fixed drive part; 4. Grinding device; 41. Grinding bracket; 42. Grinding machine; 43. Dust removal component; 44. Dust suction support plate; 45. Dust sweeping drive motor; 450. Dust sweeping gear; 5. Displacement device; 51. Longitudinal lead screw assembly; 52. Transverse lead screw assembly; 6. Dust collection device; 61. Dust collection box; 62. Dust collection section; 620. Cleaning cover; 621. Dust scraper motor; 622. Dust scraper brush; 63. Filter section; 630. First filter cotton; 631. Second filter cotton; 632. Multiple filter screens; 633. Activated carbon group; 64. Dust collection drive section; 640. Dust collection bag; 65. Suction section; 650. Dust sweeping toothed ring; 7. Anchoring component; 71. Distribution department; 8. Parts. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Example 1: This application discloses a semi-automatic grinding device for automotive parts, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The system includes a base 1, a control device 2, a positioning device 3 for fixing parts 8, a grinding device 4 for grinding parts 8, and a displacement device 5 for driving the grinding parts 8 to move. The control device 2 is mounted on the base 1 and is used to control the working status of the positioning device 3, the grinding device 4, and the displacement device 5. A positioning frame 31 is fixed in the middle area of ​​the base 1. The positioning device 3 is mounted on the positioning frame 31. The displacement device 5 is mounted on the base 1 and arranged away from the control device 2. The grinding device 4 is mounted on the displacement device 5 and is connected to the displacement device 5 in a transmission manner. A dust collection device 6 is provided below the positioning frame 31 and is arranged facing the positioning frame 31.

[0031] In one embodiment, the base 1 is provided with multiple sets of casters 11, which are spaced apart and mounted on the feet of the base 1. The multiple sets of casters 11 facilitate the movement of the entire device and improve convenience. Furthermore, the base 1 is also provided with working legs 12, one end of which is threaded to the base 1, and the other end contacts the horizontal ground. Multiple sets of working legs 12 are spaced apart on the bottom surface of the base 1. When the device is moved to the working area, the working legs 12 are rotated to lift the device, causing the casters 11 to lift off the ground and allowing the device to be placed stably on the horizontal ground. By rotating the working legs 12 at different locations, the levelness of the table surface of the base 1 can be adjusted, ensuring normal operation and precise grinding of the device.

[0032] In one embodiment, the polishing device 4 includes a polishing bracket 41 and a polishing machine 42. The polishing bracket 41 is connected to the displacement device 5 via a transmission connection. The polishing machine 42 is fixedly installed on the polishing bracket 41 and is electrically connected to the control device 2.

[0033] Specifically, see Figure 1 The dust collection device 6 has a dust collection box 61, which is placed below the positioning frame 31. The dust collection box 61 is used to collect grinding dust and debris. The positioning frame 31 is provided with a debris guide 310, which is integrally formed with the positioning frame 31. The debris guide 310 extends toward the middle area of ​​the dust collection box 61 and is used to guide dust and debris into the dust collection box 61.

[0034] The debris guide section 310 includes a conical guide cover. One end of the conical guide cover is fixedly connected to the positioning frame 31, and the positioning frame 31 has a dust collection port that communicates with the conical guide cover. The other end extends or faces the dust collection box 61, thereby guiding dust and debris into the dust collection box 61 to achieve centralized collection of dust and debris.

[0035] Specifically, see Figure 1 The grinding device 4 is equipped with a dust removal component 43, which is arranged facing the output end of the grinding device 4. Its function is to clean the surface of the part 8 and the debris attached to the grinding device 4.

[0036] In one embodiment, the dust removal component 43 includes a high-pressure air nozzle, which is fixedly mounted on the grinding bracket 41, with its output end facing the grinding head of the grinder 42. The input end of the high-pressure air nozzle is connected to a small air compressor or to an air supply network. During the grinding process, the high-pressure air nozzle continuously sprays high-pressure airflow at regular intervals to clean the debris attached to the part 8 and the output end of the grinding head, thereby reducing secondary scratches on the part 8.

[0037] Specifically, see Figure 1The positioning device 3 includes a positioning right-angle plate 32, a clamping cylinder 320, a clamping head 321, and a clamping arm 322. The positioning right-angle plate 32 is fixedly installed on one corner of the positioning frame 31 for positioning part 8. The clamping cylinder 320 is fixedly installed on the positioning frame 31 and faces the grinding device 4. One end of the clamping arm 322 is hinged to the output end of the clamping cylinder 320, the middle area is hinged to the positioning frame 31, and the other end is equipped with the clamping head 321, which is fixedly connected to the clamping arm 322.

[0038] In one embodiment, the clamping head 321 is a flexible clamping head 321, which uses elastic rubber material to wrap the hard alloy inner core. In this way, during the clamping process of part 8, it can reduce the scratches caused to part 8 while providing sufficient clamping rigidity. At the same time, there are two sets of positioning devices 3, which are arranged at right angles on the positioning frame 31.

[0039] Specifically, see Figure 1 The displacement device 5 includes a longitudinal lead screw assembly 51 and a transverse lead screw assembly 52. ​​The longitudinal lead screw assembly 51 is arranged along the length direction of the machine base 1, and the transverse lead screw assembly 52 is arranged along the width direction of the machine base 1. The transverse lead screw is connected to the longitudinal lead screw assembly 51 in a transmission manner.

[0040] In one embodiment, the longitudinal lead screw assembly 51 includes a longitudinal support, a longitudinal slider, a longitudinal lead screw, and a longitudinal servo motor. The longitudinal support is fixedly mounted on the base 1, the longitudinal slider is slidably mounted on the longitudinal support, and the longitudinal lead screw is rotatably mounted on the longitudinal support, with both ends rotatably connected to the longitudinal support. The longitudinal lead screw passes through the longitudinal slider and is threadedly connected to the longitudinal slider. The longitudinal servo motor is fixedly mounted on one end of the longitudinal support, and one end of the longitudinal lead screw is fixedly connected to the output spindle of the longitudinal servo motor, for driving the longitudinal slider to slide along the longitudinal support.

[0041] In one embodiment, the transverse lead screw assembly 52 includes a transverse support, a transverse slider, a transverse lead screw, and a transverse servo motor. The transverse support is fixedly mounted on the longitudinal slider, the transverse slider is slidably mounted on the transverse support, and the transverse lead screw is rotatably mounted on the transverse support, with both ends rotatably connected to the transverse support. The transverse lead screw passes through the transverse slider and is threadedly connected to the transverse slider. The transverse servo motor is fixedly mounted on one end of the transverse support, and one end of the transverse lead screw is fixedly connected to the output spindle of the transverse servo motor, used to drive the transverse slider to slide along the transverse support. The grinding bracket 41 is fixedly connected to the transverse slider. The transverse servo motor drives the transverse lead screw to rotate, the transverse lead screw drives the transverse slider to slide along the transverse support, and the transverse slider drives the grinding bracket 41 to slide along the transverse support, thereby driving the grinding machine 42 to reciprocate along the width direction of the machine base 1. Furthermore, the longitudinal servo motor drives the longitudinal lead screw to rotate, the longitudinal lead screw drives the longitudinal slider to slide along the longitudinal support, and the longitudinal slider drives the transverse lead screw assembly 52 to reciprocate along the length direction of the machine base 1, thereby driving the grinding machine 42 to reciprocate along the length direction of the machine base 1.

[0042] In one embodiment, the grinding motor, clamping cylinder 320, small air compressor, horizontal servo motor and vertical servo motor are electrically connected to the control device 2.

[0043] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: In this embodiment, the base 1 serves as the installation foundation, and the control device 2 coordinates the working status of the positioning device 3, the grinding device 4, and the displacement device 5. After the equipment is moved to the working area, the working legs 12 are rotated to support the equipment and lift the casters 11 off the ground, thus adjusting the level of the base 1. In the positioning device 3, the positioning right-angle plate 32 initially positions the part 8, and the clamping cylinder 320 drives the clamping arm 322 to drive the flexible clamping head 321 to clamp the part 8. The two sets of right-angled positioning devices 3 improve the positioning stability. The displacement device 5 drives the longitudinal lead screw to slide the longitudinal slider through the longitudinal servo motor, and drives the transverse lead screw to slide the transverse slider through the transverse servo motor. The two work together to achieve precise movement of the grinding device 4 along the length and width of the base 1. The grinding machine 42 of the grinding device 4 is connected to the displacement device 5 through the grinding bracket 41. Under the control of the control device 2, it grinds the part 8. At the same time, the high-pressure air nozzle sprays high-pressure airflow at regular intervals to clean the part 8 and the grinding head debris. The dust and debris generated by grinding are guided by the conical guide cover of the positioning frame 31 and fall into the dust collection box 61 below for collection.

[0044] This technical solution enables semi-automatic precision grinding of automotive parts 8, featuring multiple functions including equipment movement and leveling adjustment, stable positioning of part 8, multi-dimensional movement of the grinding head, and cleaning and centralized collection of grinding debris. Specifically, the universal wheels 11 and working legs 12 work together to improve the ease of movement and operational stability of the equipment; the flexible clamping head 321 balances clamping rigidity with scratch prevention; the dual lead screw assembly drives precise grinding positioning; and the high-pressure air nozzle combined with the conical guide cover reduces secondary scratches and achieves centralized dust treatment. This solution solves the problems of traditional grinding equipment, such as inconvenient movement, unstable positioning leading to scratches on part 8, low grinding accuracy, and incomplete dust and debris removal.

[0045] Example 2: The differences between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 are as follows: See Figures 2 to 4 The dust collection device 6 has a dust collection section 62, a filter section 63, and a dust collection drive section 64. The dust collection section 62 is fixedly installed on the base 1 and located below the positioning frame 31. The dust collection section 62 is used to centrally process dust and debris. The dust collection section 62 is provided with an input end and an output end. The input end of the dust collection section 62 faces the positioning frame 31. The dust collection drive section 64 is fixedly installed on the dust collection section 62 and installed near the output end of the dust collection section 62. The dust collection drive section 64 is used to output negative pressure. The filter section 63 is installed in the middle area of ​​the dust collection section 62. The filter section 63 is used to filter dust and debris.

[0046] In one embodiment, the dust collection unit 62 includes a dust collection tank, which is horizontally positioned below the positioning frame 31 and fixedly connected to the base 1. The input end of the dust collection tank is connected to the debris guide, thereby collecting most of the dust and debris generated by the grinding parts 8. The dust collection drive unit 64 includes a dust collection exhaust pump, which is fixedly mounted on the dust collection tank, and the input end of the dust collection exhaust pump is connected to the output end of the dust collection tank. In addition, a dust collection bag 640 is fitted onto the output port of the dust collection exhaust pump. The dust collection bag 640 can further prevent the filter part 63 inside the dust collection tank from failing, preventing dust and debris from being directly discharged from the workshop or work area.

[0047] In one embodiment, see Figure 3 and Figure 4The filtration section 63 includes a first filter cotton 630, a second filter cotton 631, multiple sets of filter screens 632, and an activated carbon group 633. The first filter cotton 630, second filter cotton 631, and activated carbon group 633 are sequentially installed in the middle region of the dust collection tank. The first filter cotton 630 is closest to the inlet of the dust collection tank, while the activated carbon group is closest to the outlet of the dust collection tank. The first filter cotton 630 and second filter cotton 631 are used to filter large particles, while the activated carbon group 633 is used to adsorb fine dust. Furthermore, the first filter cotton 630, second filter cotton 631, and activated carbon group 633 are fixed at intervals using filter screens. To address the problem of low negative pressure at the bottom of the dust collection tank, which easily leads to dust and debris accumulation, a notch is made in the first filter cotton 630. This notch is located near the bottom of the dust collection tank, reducing the amount of dust accumulation at the bottom and preventing dust backflow that could affect the dust collection efficiency.

[0048] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The dust collection tank is equipped with a cleaning cover 620, which is installed on the outer bottom of the dust collection tank. One end of the cleaning cover 620 is hinged to the dust collection tank, and the other end is detachably connected to the dust collection tank via a latch. The dust collection tank has a maintenance port at the position corresponding to the cleaning cover 620 to facilitate the replacement of the first filter cotton 630 and the second filter cotton 631, ensuring the dust collection effect of the dust collection tank.

[0049] In one embodiment, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The dust collection tank is equipped with a dust scraper motor 621 and a dust scraper brush 622. The dust scraper motor 621 is fixedly installed on one end of the dust collection tank, away from the dust collection exhaust pump. The dust scraper brush 622 is rotatably installed inside the dust collection tank, located below the input end of the dust collection tank. The output shaft of the dust scraper brush 622 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the dust scraper motor 621. During the operation of the dust collection tank, the dust scraper motor 621 drives the dust scraper brush 622 to rotate, scraping off the dust and debris on the inner wall of the dust collection tank, allowing it to flow towards the cleaning section 63, reducing the deposition of dust and debris at the bottom.

[0050] Specifically, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The dust collection device 6 also has a dust suction unit 65, which is arranged around the output end of the polishing device 4 and connected to the dust collection device 6. The dust suction unit 65 is used to collect the debris generated by the polishing parts 8.

[0051] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 3The dust collection unit 65 includes a round dust collection hood that covers the grinder 42 and covers two-thirds of the grinder head of the grinder 42. The round dust collection hood is also equipped with bristles that are arranged along the edge of the shell of the round dust collection hood. By setting the bristles, some dust and debris can be blocked from flying directly out of the round dust collection hood when grinding the parts 8, thereby reducing the range of dust and debris splashing.

[0052] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 In addition, the grinding bracket 41 is equipped with a dust suction support plate 44 and a dust sweeping drive motor 45. The dust suction support plate 44 is fixedly installed on the body of the grinding machine 42, and the round shell dust suction cover is fitted onto the dust suction support plate 44 and is rotatably connected to the dust suction support plate 44. The dust sweeping drive motor 45 is fixedly installed on the grinding bracket 41, and a dust sweeping gear 450 is fixedly installed on the output end of the dust sweeping drive motor 45. A dust sweeping toothed ring 650 is fixedly installed on the corresponding round shell dust suction cover and meshes with the dust sweeping gear 450. The dust sweeping toothed ring 650 is installed close to the dust suction support plate 44.

[0053] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 Furthermore, the round dust collection hood is equipped with a suction pipe, which is connected to the input end of the dust collection tank via a flexible hose. This allows the dust and debris generated during the grinding of parts 8 to be sucked into the dust collection tank, achieving integrated cleaning of dust and debris. This solves the problems of poor dust collection effect, dust diffusion hazard to health, and high cleaning costs associated with existing equipment. Simultaneously, the round dust collection hood is also equipped with a high-pressure air nozzle (i.e., dust removal component 43), which is connected to a small air compressor or air supply network via a flexible hose.

[0054] Specifically, when polishing part 8, the dust sweeping drive motor 45 drives the round dust suction hood to perform forward and reverse reciprocating motion, which drives the bristles on the round dust suction hood to scrape the dust and debris on part 8 back and forth. At the same time, it avoids the hose connected to the suction pipe and the high-pressure air nozzle from twisting and tangling due to rotation in one direction, which would cause structural damage and affect the cleaning effect.

[0055] Specifically, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The positioning frame 31 is equipped with a stop member 7, which is fixedly installed on the positioning frame 31. The stop member 7 is used to initially position the part 8 and limit the displacement of the part 8. The stop member 7 is equipped with a flow section 71, which is connected to the dust collection device 6 and is used to assist in collecting dust and debris. The positioning frame 31 is also equipped with a ring suction section 311, which is arranged around the edge of the positioning frame 31 and has its input end facing the part 8. The ring suction section 311 is also connected to the dust collection device 6 and is used to collect dust and debris on the workbench.

[0056] In one embodiment, the abutment member 7 includes an abutment plate, which is fixedly mounted on the positioning frame 31 and is L-shaped. The flow section 71 includes a suction channel that is formed along the side of the abutment plate. The annular suction section 311 includes an annular suction hood, which is mounted on the positioning frame 31 and arranged around the edge of the positioning frame 31. The annular suction hood is also connected to the input end of the dust collection tank via a flexible hose. Furthermore, the suction channel is connected to the dust collection device 6 via the annular suction hood.

[0057] The above solution involves installing a circular dust collection hood around the grinding head that moves with it. During grinding, a dust-sweeping drive motor 45 drives the dust collection hood to rotate, and the bristles on the dust collection hood simultaneously brush off dust and debris from the parts 8. The dust then enters the dust collection device 6 through the suction pipe on the circular dust collection hood. In addition, an annular dust collection hood is installed on the worktable, and a dust collection channel is opened on the support plate. Dust and debris falling into the dust collection channel enter the dust collection device 6 through the annular dust collection hood, while dust falling on the worktable is sucked into the dust collection device 6 under the guidance of the annular dust collection hood, achieving multi-directional dust collection and improving cleaning efficiency. At the same time, during grinding, a high-pressure air nozzle periodically sprays high-pressure airflow to clean the surface of the parts 8 and the debris attached to the grinding head, reducing the risk of secondary scratches.

[0058] Specifically, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The positioning device 3 has a linkage part 33, a clamping part 34, an adjusting part 35, and a fixed drive part 36. The fixed drive part 36 is fixedly installed on the positioning frame 31. The middle area of ​​the linkage part 33 is rotatably connected to the positioning frame 31, and one end is rotatably connected to the output end of the fixed drive part 36. The clamping part 34 is slidably installed on the linkage part 33. The adjusting part 35 is installed on the linkage part 33 and is connected to the clamping part 34 in a transmission manner. The adjusting part 35 is used to adjust the position of the clamping part 34 and absorb the impact force of the clamping part 8.

[0059] In one embodiment, see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The fixed drive unit 36 ​​includes a fixed drive cylinder, which is fixedly mounted on the bracket. The clamping unit 34 includes a clamping body, which is slidably mounted on the linkage unit 33. The clamping body is made of elastic material covering a hard alloy core, and a pressure sensor is embedded inside. The pressure sensor is connected to a mechanical pressure gauge to display the clamping pressure in real time. The linkage unit 33 includes a linkage arm, one end of which is hinged to the output end of the fixed drive cylinder, the middle area of ​​which is hinged to the positioning frame 31, and the clamping body is mounted on the other end. The fixed drive cylinder drives the linkage arm to swing, and the linkage arm drives the clamping body to swing down to fit against the part 8, thereby fixing the part 8. At the same time, there are two sets of positioning devices 3, which are arranged at right angles on the positioning frame 31.

[0060] In one embodiment, see Figure 3 and Figure 4The adjusting unit 35 includes a pressure adjusting sleeve 350, a pressure spring 351, and a guide rod 352. One end of the pressure adjusting sleeve 350 passes through the linkage arm and is threadedly connected to it. The linkage arm has a limiting groove, and the clamping body has a protrusion that matches the limiting groove. The guide rod 352 passes through the pressure adjusting sleeve 350 and enters the limiting groove, then passes through the protrusion of the clamping body and is slidably connected to it. Finally, the guide rod 352 is threadedly connected to the linkage arm. The pressure spring 351 is installed in the limiting groove and is sleeved on the guide rod 352. Both ends of the pressure spring 351 abut against the protrusion of the clamping body and the pressure adjusting sleeve 350, respectively. During clamping, the operator adjusts the pressure applied to the clamping body by the pressure spring 351 through the pressure adjusting sleeve 350 according to the material and size of the part 8, and adjusts the position of the clamping body until the flexible clamping body fits the part 8. The operator observes the mechanical pressure gauge to keep the pressure within the preset safe range. Different materials correspond to different pressure values. For example, the pressure of aluminum alloy part 8 is controlled at 0.3-0.5MPa to ensure the fixation is firm and to avoid excessive pressure that may damage part 8.

[0061] In one embodiment, the dust collection pump, the dust scraper motor 621, and the fixed drive cylinder are also electrically connected to the control device 2.

[0062] Specifically, the control device 2 includes a power control unit, an action control unit, a status detection unit, and a human-machine interface unit. These units provide stable power output and protect the circuit safety, control the start and stop of the grinding action and the stroke, as well as the opening and closing of the clamping mechanism, respectively monitor the equipment's operating status in real time, provide timely warnings of abnormalities, and enable simple manual operation and parameter adjustment of the equipment. This equipment reduces software and intelligent control; all functions are implemented through mechanical structures and hard connections of electrical components, resulting in a simple structure, convenient maintenance, and meeting the requirements of low cost, high reliability, and ease of operation for semi-automatic equipment. In one embodiment, the power control unit includes an AC contactor, a frequency converter, an overload protector, and a power distribution module. The action control unit includes limit switches, electromagnetic reversing valves, manual adjusting screws, and limit sensors. The status monitoring unit includes pressure sensors, current sensors, an alarm buzzer, and indicator lights. The human-machine interface unit includes rotary switches, a button panel, a mechanical pressure gauge, and a gear selector.

[0063] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: In this embodiment, the base 1 serves as the installation foundation. The control device 2 coordinates the overall operation of the equipment through hard connections of various electrical components, focusing on precise positioning, multi-dimensional grinding, and comprehensive dust collection. After the equipment is moved to the working area, the working legs 12 are rotated to lift the equipment, causing the casters 11 to leave the ground and adjusting the base 1 to be level. During the positioning stage, the L-shaped abutment plate (abutment part 7) initially positions the part 8. The fixed drive cylinder drives the linkage arm to swing, causing the clamping body to swing down and fit against the part 8. The operator adjusts the pressure of the pressure spring 351 through the pressure adjusting sleeve 350 of the adjusting part 35, and combines the pressure sensor feedback from the mechanical pressure gauge to control the clamping pressure within the safe range suitable for the material of the part 8. Two sets of right-angled positioning devices 3 ensure the stability of the fixation. During the grinding stage, the longitudinal and transverse servo motors of the displacement device 5 drive the corresponding lead screws to rotate, causing the longitudinal and transverse sliders to slide, realizing the precise movement of the grinding device 4 along the length and width of the base 1.

[0064] Simultaneously, the dust-sweeping drive motor 45 drives the round-shell dust-collecting hood to reciprocate in both directions through gear meshing. Its bristles scrape away debris from parts 8, and the high-pressure air nozzle synchronously sprays air to clean parts 8 and the grinding head. The round-shell dust-collecting hood sucks dust and debris into the dust collection tank through the suction pipe. During the dust collection stage, the dust collection pump generates negative pressure. The annular dust-collecting hood on the edge of the positioning frame 31 collects dust from the table surface, and the suction channel of the bottom plate collects local debris. Both converge into the dust collection tank. Inside the tank, the first and second filter cotton 631 filters large particles, the activated carbon group 633 adsorbs fine dust, and the dust-scraping motor 621 drives the dust-scraping brush 622 to clean debris deposited on the inner wall of the tank. The bottom cleaning cover 620 facilitates the maintenance of the filter material, and the dust collection bag 640 at the output end of the dust collection pump provides secondary protection.

[0065] This technical solution achieves multiple functions, including adaptive stable positioning of part 8, multi-dimensional precise movement of the grinding head, all-round dust and debris collection in the grinding area, equipment level adjustment and movement, and real-time monitoring of operating status.

[0066] The advantages are numerous. First, the positioning is more adaptable to a variety of parts. The adjustable clamping pressure and position are adjustable by the adjustable distance section 35, and the pressure sensor monitors in real time to avoid pinching damage, adapting to the needs of parts made of different materials. Second, the dust collection efficiency is greatly improved. The round dust hood moves and rotates with the grinding head to scrape dust, and together with the annular dust hood and dust collection channel, it achieves multi-directional collection. The multi-stage filtration and dust scraping structure inside the tank reduces sedimentation and backflow. Third, the structure has high reliability. All functions are implemented through mechanical and electrical hard connections, eliminating the need for complex intelligent control, making maintenance convenient and cost-effective. Fourth, the grinding quality is better. Dust suction and air jet work together to reduce secondary scratches from debris, and the dual lead screw drive ensures grinding accuracy. This solution solves the problems of traditional equipment, such as easy pinching damage due to positioning, incomplete dust collection leading to dust diffusion, high maintenance costs of intelligent control, and difficulty in balancing grinding accuracy and debris removal.

[0067] Example 3: This embodiment provides a working method for a semi-automatic grinding equipment for automotive parts, applied to Embodiment 2, including the following steps: S1: Equipment deployment and level calibration. Move the equipment to the target working area using the casters 11 at the bottom of the base 1. Rotate the multiple sets of working legs 12 arranged at intervals on the base 1 to support the equipment, so that the casters 11 are off the ground. Adjust the height of different working legs 12 to calibrate the levelness of the base 1 table surface and ensure the accuracy of the equipment's operating reference. S2: The pre-positioning and clamping parameters of part 8 are matched. The automotive part 8 to be polished is placed on the positioning frame 31. The L-shaped stop 7 on the positioning frame 31 initially limits the position of part 8 and restricts its displacement. According to the material and size characteristics of part 8, the adjusting part 35 of the positioning device 3 is operated to rotate the pressure adjusting sleeve 350, and the pressure spring 351 is adjusted to the pre-tightening force of the clamping part 34. The safe pressure range of the mechanical pressure gauge is preset. The safe pressure range is set according to the material of part 8. For aluminum alloy parts 8, it corresponds to 0.3-0.5MPa. S3: Adaptive stable clamping. The fixed drive unit 36 ​​of the start control device 2 drives the linkage unit 33 to swing around the hinge point of the positioning frame 31, causing the clamping unit 34 to swing down and fit against the surface of the part 8. The clamping pressure data is fed back in real time by the pressure sensor built into the clamping unit 34, so that the clamping pressure is maintained within the preset safe pressure range. The two sets of positioning devices 3 arranged at right angles work together to achieve stable clamping of the part 8 and avoid injury. S4: Grinding parameter setting and system start-up. The grinding stroke and grinding speed parameters are set through the human-machine interaction unit of the control device 2. The longitudinal servo motor and transverse servo motor of the displacement device 5 are started, driving the longitudinal lead screw assembly 51 and the transverse lead screw assembly 52 to move the grinding device 4 along the length and width directions of the base 1 to the initial grinding position. Simultaneously, the dust collection drive unit 64, the dust scraper motor 621 and the dust sweeping drive motor 45 are started, so that the dust collection device 6 forms a negative pressure dust collection state. S5: Multi-dimensional precision grinding and real-time dust removal are linked. The control device 2 drives the grinding device 4 to start, and the displacement device 5 drives the grinding device 4 to perform multi-dimensional precision grinding along a preset trajectory. During the grinding process, the dust removal component 43 on the grinding device 4 continuously or periodically sprays airflow to clean the debris on the surface of the part 8 and the grinding head. Simultaneously, the dust sweeping drive motor 45 drives the suction unit 65 to perform forward and reverse reciprocating motion. The bristles on the edge of the suction unit 65 scrape the dust and debris on the surface of the part 8 to prevent the hose connected to the suction unit 65 from twisting and breaking. S6: All-round dust and debris collection in stages. The dust and debris generated during grinding are collected into the dust collection unit 62 through three paths: First, they are directly sucked into the dust collection unit 62 through the suction pipe of the suction unit 65; second, they fall into the flow section 71 on the abutment part 7 and are collected into the dust collection unit 62 through the ring suction section 311 on the edge of the positioning frame 31; third, the dust scattered on the table surface of the positioning frame 31 is sucked into the dust collection unit 62 under the negative pressure guidance of the ring suction section 311; the cleaning filter section 63 in the dust collection unit 62 performs staged filtration of dust and debris, the dust scraper motor 621 drives the dust scraper brush 622 to clean the impurities deposited on the inner wall of the dust collection unit 62, and the dust collection bag 640 at the output end of the dust collection drive section 64 provides secondary protection. S7: Process completion and equipment reset. After the grinding stroke is completed, the control device 2 shuts down the grinding machine 42, dust collection drive unit 64, dust scraper motor 621 and dust sweeping drive motor 45 in a preset sequence. The fixed drive unit 36 ​​drives the clamping unit 34 to reset and release the part 8. The displacement device 5 drives the grinding device 4 back to the initial position, completing the equipment reset. S8: According to the equipment operation cycle, maintain the dust collection device 6 regularly; open the cleaning cover 620 at the bottom of the dust collection section 62 to clean or replace the filter material and collected dust and debris in the filter section 63.

[0068] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi-automatic polishing apparatus for automotive parts, characterized by: The positioning device (3) comprises a base (1), a control device (2), a positioning device (8) of a fixed part, a polishing device (4) of a polishing part (8), and a displacement device (5) for driving the polishing part (8) to move, the control device (2) is installed on the base (1), and the control device (2) is used for controlling the working state of the positioning device (3), the polishing device (4) and the displacement device (5); the middle region of the base (1) is fixedly provided with a positioning frame (31), the positioning device (3) is installed on the positioning frame (31), the displacement device (5) is installed on the base (1) and is arranged away from the control device (2), the polishing device (4) is installed on the displacement device (5) and is in transmission connection with the displacement device (5); the lower portion of the positioning frame (31) is provided with a dust collecting device (6), and the dust collecting device (6) is arranged towards the positioning frame (31).

2. The automotive part semi-automatic polishing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The positioning frame (31) is provided with a debris guide part (310), and the debris guide part (310) is integrally formed with the positioning frame (31); the debris guide part (310) is connected with the dust collecting device (6), and the debris guide part (310) is used for guiding the dust and debris into the dust collecting device (6).

3. The automotive part semi-automatic polishing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The dust collecting device (6) has a dust collecting part (62), a filter cleaning part (63) and a dust collecting driving part (64), the dust collecting part (62) is fixedly installed on the base (1) and is located below the positioning frame (31), and the dust collecting part (62) is used for collecting and processing the dust and debris; the dust collecting part (62) is provided with an input end and an output end, the input end of the dust collecting part (62) is towards the positioning frame (31), the dust collecting driving part (64) is fixedly installed on the dust collecting part (62) and is installed close to the output end of the dust collecting part (62), and the dust collecting driving part (64) is used for outputting negative pressure; the filter cleaning part (63) is installed in the middle region of the dust collecting part (62), and the filter cleaning part (63) is used for filtering the dust and debris.

4. The automotive part semi-automatic polishing apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The dust collecting device (6) further has a dust suction part (65), the dust suction part (65) is arranged around the output end of the polishing device (4) and is connected with the dust collecting device (6), and the dust suction part (65) is used for collecting the debris generated by the polishing part (8).

5. The automotive part semi-automatic polishing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The polishing device (4) is provided with a dust removal part (43), the dust removal part (43) is arranged towards the output end of the polishing device (4), and the dust removal part (43) is used for cleaning the debris attached to the surface of the part (8) and the polishing device (4).

6. The automotive part semi-automatic polishing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The positioning device (3) has a linkage part (33), a clamping part (34), a distance adjusting part (35) and a fixed driving part (36), the fixed driving part (36) is fixedly installed on the positioning frame (31), the middle region of the linkage part (33) is in rotational connection with the positioning frame (31), and one end is in rotational connection with the output end of the fixed driving part (36); the clamping part (34) is slidingly installed on the linkage part (33), the distance adjusting part (35) is installed on the linkage part (33) and is in transmission connection with the clamping part (34), and the distance adjusting part (35) is used for adjusting the position of the clamping part (34) and absorbing the impact force of the clamping part (8).

7. The automotive part semi-automatic polishing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The positioning frame (31) is provided with a stop part (7), the stop part (7) is fixedly installed on the positioning frame (31), and the stop part (7) is used for preliminarily positioning the position of the part (8) and limiting the displacement of the part (8).

8. The automotive part semi-automatic polishing apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein: The stop part (7) is provided with a flow-through part (71), the flow-through part (71) is connected with the dust collecting device (6), and the flow-through part (71) is used for assisting in collecting dust and debris.

9. The automotive part semi-automatic polishing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The positioning frame (31) is further provided with a ring suction part (311), the ring suction part (311) is arranged around the edge of the positioning frame (31) and has an input end facing the part (8), and the ring suction part (311) is further connected with the dust collecting device (6); the ring suction part (311) is used for collecting dust and debris on the workbench surface.

10. A method of operating a semi-automatic polishing apparatus for automotive parts, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: device deployment and horizontal calibration, the device is moved to the target work area through the universal wheel (11) at the bottom of the base (1), the device is supported by rotating the multiple groups of work legs (12) arranged at intervals on the base (1), the universal wheel (11) is separated from the ground, the height of different work legs (12) is adjusted to calibrate the horizontal degree of the base (1) table, and the operation reference accuracy of the device is ensured; S2: part (8) pre-positioning and clamping parameter adaptation, the automobile part (8) to be polished is placed on the positioning frame (31), the position of the part (8) is preliminarily limited and the displacement of the part (8) is limited through the stop part (7) on the positioning frame (31); according to the material and size characteristics of the part (8), the distance adjusting part (35) of the positioning device (3) is rotated to rotate the pressure adjusting sleeve (350), the pre-tightening force of the pressure spring (351) on the clamping part (34) is adjusted, the safety pressure range of the mechanical pressure gauge is preset, and the safety pressure range is set according to the material of the part (8); S3: self-adaptive stable clamping, the fixed driving part (36) of the control device (2) is started, the linkage part (33) is swung around the hinge point of the positioning frame (31), the clamping part (34) is swung to be close to the surface of the part (8), the clamping pressure data is fed back in real time through the built-in pressure sensor of the clamping part (34), the clamping pressure is maintained within the preset safety pressure range, and the two groups of positioning devices (3) arranged at right angles cooperate to realize stable clamping of the part (8); S4: polishing parameter setting and system starting, the polishing stroke and polishing speed parameters are set through the man-machine interaction unit of the control device (2), the longitudinal servo motor and the transverse servo motor of the displacement device (5) are started, the longitudinal screw assembly (51) and the transverse screw assembly (52) are driven to be linked, the polishing device (4) is driven to move to the initial polishing position along the length direction and the width direction of the base (1), the dust collecting driving part (64), the dust scraping motor (621) and the dust sweeping driving motor (45) are started at the same time, and the dust collecting device (6) forms a negative pressure dust collecting state; S5: Multi-dimensional precision polishing and real-time chip cleaning linkage, the control device (2) drives the polishing device (4) to start, and the polishing device (4) is driven by the displacement device (5) to move along the preset trajectory for multi-dimensional precision polishing; during polishing, the dust removal part (43) on the polishing device (4) continuously or periodically sprays airflow to clean the surface of the part (8) and the attached debris of the polishing head; simultaneously, the dust removal driving motor (45) drives the dust removal part (65) to make reciprocating motion of forward and reverse rotation, and the bristles at the edge of the dust removal part (65) scrape the dust and debris on the surface of the part (8); S6: Collecting dust and debris in all directions, the dust and debris generated during polishing are collected through three paths, and the dust and debris are directly sucked into the dust collection part (62) through the suction pipe of the dust removal part (65), fall into the flow-through part (71) on the abutting part (7), and the dust scattered on the table surface of the positioning rack (31) is guided by the negative pressure of the ring suction part (311) and is sucked into the dust collection part (62); the dust and debris are filtered by the filter part (63) in the dust collection part (62), the dust removal motor (621) drives the dust removal brush (622) to clean the impurities deposited on the inner wall of the dust collection part (62), and the dust collection bag (640) at the output end of the dust collection driving part (64) realizes secondary protection; S7: Process ending and equipment resetting, after the polishing stroke is completed, the control device (2) closes the polishing machine (42), the dust collection driving part (64), the dust removal motor (621) and the dust removal driving motor (45) in the preset order, the fixed driving part (36) drives the clamping part (34) to reset and release the part (8), the displacement device (5) drives the polishing device (4) to return to the initial position, and the equipment resetting is completed; S8: According to the operation cycle of the equipment, the dust collection device (6) is regularly maintained; open the cleaning cover (620) at the bottom of the dust collection part (62), and clean or replace the filter material of the filter part (63) and the collected dust and debris.

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