Low-voltage power distribution integrated framework, power distribution system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture, a power distribution system and a vehicle, and the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture comprises a first load voltage end, a second load voltage end, a low-voltage battery, a first bidirectional DC conversion circuit, and a power distribution circuit. A power distribution circuit, a low-voltage battery and a first bidirectional DC conversion circuit are controlled by the same controller to supply power to a first load voltage end and a second load voltage end, and the first load voltage end and the second load voltage end can respectively provide a first voltage and a second voltage to the outside according to low-voltage load requirements. Therefore, the controller can flexibly control the low-voltage power distribution system, when a vehicle is provided with a high-power load, the load voltage end with higher output voltage can provide electric energy for the vehicle, the output current of the low-voltage power distribution system can be greatly reduced under the same power, and potential safety hazards of the low-voltage power distribution system are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of circuit technology, specifically to a low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture, power distribution system, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Current vehicles typically use low-voltage power distribution circuits that output only one voltage. As the number of functional electrical appliances inside vehicles increases, if the vehicle's load power increases, there may be a problem where the output current of the low-voltage power distribution circuit exceeds its current carrying capacity, increasing the safety hazards of vehicle electricity use. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, this application provides a low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture, power distribution system and vehicle, aiming to solve the problem of safety hazards caused by the increase of vehicle load power in current low-voltage power distribution systems.

[0004] The first aspect of this application provides a low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture, the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture comprising:

[0005] The low-voltage battery is used to provide the initial voltage;

[0006] A first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit is used to realize the conversion between a first voltage and a second voltage;

[0007] The power distribution circuit is connected to the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit and the low-voltage battery, and is used to supply power to the first load voltage terminal and / or the second load voltage terminal according to the received first voltage and second voltage.

[0008] The power distribution circuit, the low-voltage battery, and the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit are controlled by the same controller.

[0009] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a first voltage is output from a low-voltage battery to a first load voltage terminal. A first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit converts the first voltage output from the low-voltage battery into a second voltage and outputs it to a second load voltage terminal. The power distribution circuit, the low-voltage battery, and the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit are controlled by the same controller to supply power to the first load voltage terminal and the second load voltage terminal. The first load voltage terminal and the second load voltage terminal can provide the first voltage and the second voltage respectively according to the low-voltage load requirements, thereby enabling the controller to flexibly control the low-voltage power distribution system. When the vehicle is equipped with a high-power load, the load voltage terminal with a higher output voltage can provide power to it. Under the same power, the output current of the low-voltage power distribution system can be greatly reduced, reducing the safety hazards of the low-voltage power distribution system and solving the problem that the current automotive 12V power supply current is too large, resulting in excessively thick wire harnesses and excessively large connectors.

[0010] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit includes:

[0011] One or more self-resetting overcurrent protection devices are connected between the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit and the second load voltage terminal. The self-resetting overcurrent protection device is controlled by the controller to shut off the power supply to the second load voltage terminal when the output current at the second load voltage terminal is overcurrent.

[0012] In this embodiment, the second load voltage terminal can output a lower voltage. Therefore, when the power demand of the external load is high, there may be a situation where the output current of the second load voltage terminal is too high. The self-resetting overcurrent protection device shuts off the power supply to the second load voltage terminal when the output current of the second load voltage terminal is too high, and turns on when the output current of the second load voltage terminal is within the safe current range. This not only ensures the timely power supply to the second load voltage terminal, but also reduces the safety hazards of the low-voltage power distribution system.

[0013] In some embodiments, the low-voltage power distribution integration architecture further includes:

[0014] The power-on terminal is connected to the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit and is used to connect to the externally input second voltage.

[0015] The first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit is also used to convert the second voltage provided by the jumper terminal into a first voltage output to the low-voltage battery to charge the low-voltage battery.

[0016] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the jump-start terminal can connect to an external second voltage when the low-voltage battery is depleted. Then, the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit converts the second voltage provided by the jump-start terminal into a first voltage and outputs it to the low-voltage battery to charge it. This achieves the purpose of replenishing the low-voltage battery when the vehicle is depleted. With this design, the low-voltage battery of the vehicle can be replenished by a portable power source when the vehicle breaks down on the road, so as to meet the power supply of the critical functional loads in the vehicle in a timely manner and improve the flexibility of low-voltage replenishment.

[0017] In some embodiments, the low-voltage power distribution integration architecture further includes:

[0018] Battery management circuitry is used to manage the charging and discharging of low-voltage batteries under the control of a controller.

[0019] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the battery management circuit can manage the charging and discharging of the low-voltage battery. The integration of the battery management circuit with the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit and the self-resetting overcurrent protection device can reduce the communication time between the battery management circuit and the controller, so that the controller can manage the battery management circuit, the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit and the self-resetting overcurrent protection device in a shorter time. The distance of the communication cable is reduced, which is beneficial to the working stability of the battery management circuit, the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit and the power distribution circuit.

[0020] In some embodiments, the low-voltage power distribution integration architecture further includes:

[0021] The external voltage input terminal is connected to the battery management circuit and the power distribution circuit to provide the first voltage to the battery management circuit and the power distribution circuit.

[0022] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a first voltage is received through an external voltage input terminal to provide a first voltage to the battery management circuit and the first load voltage terminal, thereby establishing an energy transmission path between the low-voltage battery and the external power supply in the low-voltage power distribution system, realizing a power supply architecture with multiple power inputs and multiple power outputs, achieving the purpose of simple and flexible power distribution, and ensuring stable power supply to a certain number of load voltage terminals even when one power supply fails, thus improving the stability and safety of the vehicle's low-voltage power distribution.

[0023] In some embodiments, the low-voltage power distribution integration architecture further includes:

[0024] A bidirectional switching circuit is connected between the external voltage input terminal and the battery management circuit to control the current direction between the external voltage input terminal and the battery management circuit.

[0025] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the bidirectional switching circuit can control the current direction between the external voltage input terminal and the battery management circuit. When the external voltage input terminal is connected to the power battery pack inside the vehicle, the power battery pack can charge the low-voltage battery. Moreover, when the vehicle starts, the low-voltage battery can precharge the capacitors at both ends of the power battery pack to achieve the purpose of fast start-up.

[0026] In some embodiments, the low-voltage power distribution integration architecture further includes:

[0027] The voltage detection circuit is used to detect the voltage at the common terminal of the corresponding bidirectional switching circuit and generate a corresponding voltage detection signal to be output to the controller based on the detection result.

[0028] The controller is also used to control the switching state of the bidirectional switching circuit and determine the switching detection result based on the switching state of the bidirectional switching circuit and the voltage detection signal.

[0029] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the voltage of the common terminal of the corresponding bidirectional switching circuit can be detected by the voltage detection circuit, and a corresponding voltage detection signal can be generated according to the detection result. The controller can actively control the switching state of the bidirectional switching circuit, and judge the performance of each bidirectional switching circuit in sequence according to the switching state of the bidirectional switching circuit and the voltage detection signal, so as to realize the diagnosis of the bidirectional switching circuit.

[0030] In some embodiments, the bidirectional switching circuit includes: a first switching device and a second switching device;

[0031] The input terminals of the first switching device and the second switching device are respectively connected to the first voltage bus and the second voltage bus; the external voltage input terminal is connected to at least one first load voltage terminal via the first voltage bus, and the battery management circuit is connected to at least one first load voltage terminal via the second voltage bus.

[0032] The switching states of the first and second switching devices are controlled by the controller, and the output terminals of the first and second switching devices are connected to the voltage detection circuit.

[0033] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the output terminals of the first and second switching devices are connected to the voltage detection circuit. When the first and second switching devices are in the on state, the current of the first voltage bus can flow to the voltage detection circuit through the first switching device, and the current of the second voltage bus can flow to the voltage detection circuit through the second switching device. When the controller controls one of the bidirectional switching circuits to perform a self-test, it can first control the first and second switching devices in the bidirectional switching circuit to be disconnected, then the voltage detection circuit detects the voltage at their common terminal to obtain a first voltage detection signal. Then, it can control the first and second switching devices to be turned on, then the voltage detection circuit detects the voltage at their common terminal to obtain a second voltage detection signal. In this way, the controller can determine the performance of the bidirectional switching circuit based on the first and second voltage detection signals.

[0034] In some embodiments, the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit includes interleaved BUCK circuits.

[0035] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the interleaved BUCK circuit can be a multi-parallel buck-boost converter, composed of multiple identical BUCK circuit modules. The conduction time of the switching transistor in each BUCK circuit is determined based on the input and output voltages to achieve a stable output voltage. When the input voltage is applied to the interleaved BUCK circuit, the first BUCK circuit starts working, its switching transistor turns on, the inductor stores some energy, and the output voltage is stabilized. At the same time, the switching transistor of the second BUCK circuit is in the off state and does not participate in energy conversion. As time progresses, the switching transistor of the first BUCK circuit turns off, the switching transistor of the second BUCK circuit starts conducting, its inductor also stores some energy, and the output voltage continues to be stabilized. At the same time, the switching transistor of the first BUCK circuit is in the off state and does not participate in energy conversion. This process continues, with multiple BUCK circuit modules working interleaved to achieve high-efficiency, low-ripple, and high-power output buck-boost conversion. This reduces current, lowers power loss, improves voltage conversion efficiency and output voltage stability, and meets the needs of high-power applications.

[0036] In some embodiments, the self-resetting overcurrent protection device includes an electronic fuse.

[0037] A second aspect of this application also provides a power distribution system, which includes a low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0038] A third aspect of this application also provides a vehicle, which includes: a first voltage bus, a second voltage bus, a power battery pack; and a low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0039] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the power battery pack provides a first voltage to the external voltage input terminal of the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture. The external voltage input terminal is connected to at least one first load voltage terminal via a first voltage bus. The battery management circuit is connected to at least one first load voltage terminal via a second voltage bus. The power distribution circuit, the low-voltage battery, and the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit are controlled by the same controller to supply power to the first load voltage terminal and the second load voltage terminal. The first load voltage terminal and the second load voltage terminal can provide the first voltage and the second voltage respectively according to the low-voltage load demand, so that the controller can flexibly control the low-voltage power distribution system. When the vehicle is equipped with a high-power load, the load voltage terminal with a higher output voltage can provide power to it. Under the same power, the output current of the low-voltage power distribution system can be greatly reduced, reducing the safety hazards of the low-voltage power distribution system.

[0040] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a third structure of the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 5 A fifth structural schematic diagram of the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 6 A sixth structural schematic diagram of the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 7 A seventh structural schematic diagram of the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the eighth structure of the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 9 A ninth structural schematic diagram of the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 10 A tenth structural schematic diagram of the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 11 An eleventh structural schematic diagram of the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the twelfth structure of the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0054] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the thirteenth structure of the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0058] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The phrase "second connection port" at various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0059] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0060] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple frames" refers to two or more (including two).

[0061] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0062] In current power distribution systems, low-voltage power distribution circuits only output one voltage. As the number of functional electrical appliances inside vehicles increases, if the vehicle load power increases, there may be a problem where the output current of the low-voltage power distribution circuit exceeds its current carrying capacity, increasing the safety hazards of vehicle electricity use.

[0063] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 As shown, the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture in this embodiment includes: a first load voltage terminal 410, a second load voltage terminal 420, a low-voltage battery 100, a first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit 200, and a power distribution circuit 300. The low-voltage battery 100 provides a first voltage, and the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit 200 converts the first voltage to a second voltage. The power distribution circuit 300 is connected between the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit 200 and the second load voltage terminal 420, and the power distribution circuit 300 supplies power to the first load voltage terminal and / or the second load voltage terminal according to the received first voltage and second voltage.

[0064] In this embodiment, the low-voltage battery 100 outputs a first voltage to the power distribution circuit 300. The first bidirectional DC-DC converter 200 can convert the first voltage output by the low-voltage battery 100 into a second voltage and output it to the power distribution circuit 300. The power distribution circuit 300, the low-voltage battery 100, and the first bidirectional DC-DC converter 200 are controlled by the same controller 500 to supply power to the first load voltage terminal 410 and the second load voltage terminal 420. The first load voltage terminal 410 and the second load voltage terminal 420 can provide the first voltage and the second voltage respectively according to the low-voltage load requirements, so that the controller 500 can flexibly control the low-voltage power distribution system. When the vehicle is equipped with a high-power load, the load voltage terminal with a higher output voltage can provide power to it. Under the same power, the output current of the low-voltage power distribution system can be greatly reduced, reducing the safety hazards of the low-voltage power distribution system.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first load voltage terminal 410 can provide a first voltage to the connected load, and the second load voltage terminal 420 can provide a second voltage to the connected load, wherein the second voltage is less than the first voltage.

[0066] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 As shown, the power distribution circuit includes one or more self-resetting overcurrent protection devices 310. The self-resetting overcurrent protection device 310 is connected between the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit 200 and the second load voltage terminal 420. The self-resetting overcurrent protection device 310 is controlled by the controller 500 to shut off the power supply to the second load voltage terminal 420 when the output current of the second load voltage terminal 420 is overcurrent.

[0067] In this embodiment, the power distribution circuit 300 shuts off the power supply to the second load voltage terminal 420 when the output current of the second load voltage terminal 420 is overcurrent, and turns on the power supply when the output current of the second load voltage terminal 420 is within the safe current range. This not only ensures the timely power supply to the second load voltage terminal 420, but also reduces the safety hazards of the low-voltage power distribution system.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first voltage can be 36V, 48V, or 60V, or it can be 72V.

[0069] In some embodiments, the second voltage may be 12V or 24V.

[0070] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 As shown, the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture also includes a power-on terminal 320, which is connected to the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit 200. The power-on terminal 320 is used to access the second voltage input from the outside. The first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit 200 is also used to convert the second voltage provided by the power-on terminal 320 into a first voltage and output it to the low-voltage battery 100 to charge the low-voltage battery 100.

[0071] In this embodiment, the jumper terminal 320 can connect to an external second voltage when the low-voltage battery 100 is depleted. Then, the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit 200 converts the second voltage provided by the jumper terminal 320 into a first voltage and outputs it to the low-voltage battery 100 to charge the low-voltage battery 100. This achieves the purpose of replenishing the low-voltage battery 100 when the vehicle is depleted. With this design, the low-voltage battery 100 can be replenished by a portable power source when the vehicle breaks down on the road, which can meet the power supply needs of the critical functional loads in the vehicle in a timely manner and improve the flexibility of low-voltage replenishment.

[0072] In some embodiments, the controller 500 is used to control the operating state of the power distribution circuit 300 and the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit 200.

[0073] In this embodiment, by reusing the same controller 500 for the power distribution circuit 300 and the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit 200, the power distribution circuit 300 and the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit 200 can be integrated on the same circuit board, which can realize comprehensive management of voltage conversion and overcurrent protection.

[0074] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 As shown, the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture also includes a battery management circuit 510, which is controlled by the controller 500 to manage the charging and discharging of the low-voltage battery 100.

[0075] In this embodiment, the battery management circuit 510 can manage the charging and discharging of the low-voltage battery 100. The integration of the battery management circuit 510 with the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit 200 and the power distribution circuit 300 can reduce the communication time between the battery management circuit 510 and the controller 500, so that the controller 500 can manage the battery management circuit 510, the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit 200 and the power distribution circuit 300 in a shorter time. This reduces the distance of the communication cable and is beneficial to the working stability of the battery management circuit 510, the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit 200 and the power distribution circuit 300.

[0076] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 As shown, the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture also includes an external voltage input terminal 520, which is connected to the battery management circuit 510 and at least one first load voltage terminal 410. The external voltage input terminal 520 is used to provide a first voltage to the battery management circuit 510 and the first load voltage terminal 410.

[0077] In this embodiment, the first voltage is received through the external voltage input terminal 520 to provide the first voltage to the battery management circuit 510 and the first load voltage terminal 410, thereby establishing an energy transmission path between the low-voltage battery 100 and the external power source in the low-voltage power distribution system. This enables a power supply architecture with multiple power inputs and multiple power outputs, achieving the goal of simple and flexible power distribution. Even if one power source fails, a certain number of load voltage terminals can still be stably powered, improving the stability and safety of the vehicle's low-voltage power distribution.

[0078] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 As shown, the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture also includes a bidirectional switching circuit 530, which is connected between the external voltage input terminal 520 and the battery management circuit 510. The bidirectional switching circuit 530 is used to control the current direction between the external voltage input terminal 520 and the battery management circuit 510.

[0079] In this embodiment, the bidirectional switch circuit 530 can control the current direction between the external voltage input terminal 520 and the battery management circuit 510. When the external voltage input terminal is connected to the power battery pack inside the vehicle, the power battery pack can charge the low-voltage battery 100. Moreover, when the vehicle starts, the low-voltage battery 100 can precharge the capacitors at both ends of the power battery pack to achieve the purpose of fast start-up.

[0080] In some embodiments, see Figure 7 As shown, the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture can be integrated on the circuit board 600. The circuit board 600 can be a single circuit board or composed of multiple circuit boards electrically connected together.

[0081] In some embodiments, the low-voltage battery 100 in the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture can be separately disposed outside the circuit board 600 and electrically connected to the circuitry integrated on the circuit board 600.

[0082] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 7 As shown, there can be multiple first load voltage terminals 410 in the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture. High-power low-voltage loads inside the vehicle can be connected to the first load voltage terminals 410. The power distribution circuit 300 can include multiple first load switches K1. A corresponding first load switch K1 can be set between a portion of the first load voltage terminals 410 and the low-voltage battery 100 to control its power supply status. The first load switch K1 can be controlled by the controller 500.

[0083] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 7 As shown, each first load switch K1 is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor R11.

[0084] In some embodiments, the current-limiting resistor R11 can be a fuse.

[0085] In some embodiments, the power distribution circuit 300 may include a plurality of second load switches, and the first bidirectional DC-DC converter circuit 200 may be connected to a portion of the second load voltage terminals 420 via the second load switches.

[0086] In some embodiments, there can be multiple second load voltage terminals 420, and low-voltage loads with lower power inside the vehicle can be connected to the second load voltage terminals 420. Since the second voltage output by the first bidirectional DC-DC converter 200 is relatively small, the output current is higher for the same power. By connecting the first bidirectional DC-DC converter 200 to the second load voltage terminal 420 via the self-resetting overcurrent protection device 310, the problem of excessive output current caused by high power demand of electrical loads simultaneously connected to the second load voltage terminal 420 can be avoided, thus improving the safety of the low-voltage power distribution system.

[0087] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 7 As shown, a corresponding high-side drive switch HSD1 can be set between a portion of the first load voltage terminal 410 and the low-voltage battery 100, and a corresponding high-side drive switch HSD1 can be set between a portion of the first load voltage terminal 410 and the external voltage input terminal 520. The high-side drive switch HSD1 controls the power supply state of a portion of the first load voltage terminal 410, and the high-side drive switch HSD1 can be controlled by the controller 500.

[0088] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 7 As shown, a corresponding high-side drive switch HSD2 can be set between a portion of the second load voltage terminal 420 and the first bidirectional DC-DC converter 200, and a corresponding self-resetting overcurrent protection device 310 can be set between a portion of the second load voltage terminal 420 and the first bidirectional DC-DC converter 200. The high-side drive switch HSD2 and the self-resetting overcurrent protection device 310 can be controlled by the controller 500.

[0089] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 7 As shown, the bidirectional switching circuit 530 may include a bidirectional switching device K2, the two ends of which are connected to the first voltage bus 110 and the second voltage bus 120 respectively, and the bidirectional switching device K2 may be controlled by the controller 500.

[0090] In some embodiments, the bidirectional switching device K2 can be composed of two opposing MOS devices, for example, by connecting the sources of two N-type MOS devices together to form the bidirectional switching device K2.

[0091] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 7 As shown, the bidirectional switching circuit 530 may include a bidirectional switching device K2 and a current-limiting resistor R21, with the bidirectional switching device K2 and the current-limiting resistor R21 connected in series.

[0092] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 7 As shown, the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture also includes a main switch K3 and a current-limiting resistor R31. The main switch K3 and the current-limiting resistor R31 are connected in series between the power distribution circuit 300 and the external voltage input terminal 520. The main switch K3 is controlled by the controller 500.

[0093] In this embodiment, the main switch K3 is controlled by the controller 500, which controls the switching state between the external voltage input terminal 520 and the power distribution circuit 300.

[0094] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 7As shown, the battery management circuit 510 includes a charge / discharge switch K4 and a current-limiting resistor R41. The charge / discharge switch K4 and the current-limiting resistor R41 are connected in series to the low-voltage battery 100 and the power distribution circuit 300.

[0095] In this embodiment, the charge / discharge switch K4 is controlled by the controller 500. The controller 500 can control the charging of the low-voltage battery 100 by controlling the state of the charge / discharge switch K4 and the main switch K3, and can also achieve the purpose of pre-charging the pre-charge capacity between the two poles of the power battery pack in the vehicle by the low-voltage battery 100.

[0096] In some embodiments, the charge / discharge switch K4 and the main switch K3 can be bidirectional switching devices, and the operating states of the charge / discharge switch K4 and the main switch K3 are controlled by the controller 500.

[0097] In some embodiments, see Figure 8 As shown, the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture also includes a voltage detection circuit 540. The voltage detection circuit 540 is used to detect the voltage at the common terminal of the corresponding bidirectional switching circuit 530, and generate a corresponding voltage detection signal to output to the controller 500 based on the detection result. The controller 500 is also used to control the switching state of the bidirectional switching circuit 530, and determine the switching detection result based on the switching state of the bidirectional switching circuit 530 and the voltage detection signal.

[0098] In this embodiment, the voltage of the common terminal of the corresponding bidirectional switching circuit 530 can be detected by the voltage detection circuit 540, and a corresponding voltage detection signal can be generated according to the detection result. The controller 500 can actively control the switching state of the bidirectional switching circuit 530, and judge the performance of each bidirectional switching circuit according to the switching state of the bidirectional switching circuit 530 and the voltage detection signal, thereby realizing the diagnosis of the bidirectional switching circuit 530.

[0099] In some embodiments, see Figure 9 As shown, the external voltage input terminal 520 is connected to at least one first load voltage terminal 410 via the first voltage bus 110, and the battery management circuit 510 is connected to at least one first load voltage terminal 410 via the second voltage bus 120; the bidirectional switching circuit 530 includes: a first switching device 531 and a second switching device 532; the input terminals of the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 are respectively connected to the first voltage bus 110 and the second voltage bus 120; the switching states of the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 are controlled by the controller 500, and the output terminals of the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 are connected to the voltage detection circuit 540.

[0100] In this embodiment, the output terminals of the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 are both connected to the voltage detection circuit 540. When the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 are in the on state, the current of the first voltage bus 110 can flow to the voltage detection circuit 540 through the first switching device 531, and the current of the second voltage bus 120 can flow to the voltage detection circuit 540 through the second switching device 532. When the controller 500 controls one of the bidirectional switching circuits 530 to perform a self-test, it can first control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 in the bidirectional switching circuit 530 to be disconnected, then the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at its common terminal to obtain a first voltage detection signal. Then it can control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 to be turned on, then the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at its common terminal to obtain a second voltage detection signal. In this way, the controller 500 can determine the performance of the bidirectional switching circuit 530 based on the first voltage detection signal and the second voltage detection signal.

[0101] In some embodiments, the bidirectional switching circuit 530 includes two unidirectional switches, the output terminals of the two unidirectional switches are connected to the voltage detection circuit 540, and the input terminals of the two unidirectional switches are respectively connected to the first voltage bus 110 and the second voltage bus 120.

[0102] In some embodiments, the unidirectional switch may be a MOS device.

[0103] In some embodiments, each unidirectional switch is connected in parallel with a diode, the anode of the diode is connected to the output terminal of the corresponding unidirectional switch, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the input terminal of the corresponding unidirectional switch.

[0104] In some embodiments, at least two voltage detection circuits 540 can be integrated into the same detection circuit. The voltage detection terminal of the detection circuit is connected to the voltage of the common terminal of each bidirectional switching circuit 530, and generates a corresponding voltage detection signal based on the detection result, which is then output to the controller 500. The controller 500 sequentially judges the performance of each bidirectional switching circuit 530 based on the switching state of the corresponding bidirectional switching circuit 530 and the received voltage detection signal, thereby achieving diagnosis of each bidirectional switching circuit 530.

[0105] In some embodiments, the detection circuit can be connected to the common terminal of multiple bidirectional switching circuits 530 through multiple voltage detection terminals respectively.

[0106] In some embodiments, at least two voltage detection circuits 540 can be integrated into the same controller 500. The voltage detection pin of the controller 500 is connected to the voltage of the common terminal of each bidirectional switching circuit 530, and generates a corresponding voltage detection signal based on the detection result and outputs it to the controller 500. The controller 500 sequentially judges the performance of each bidirectional switching circuit 530 according to the switching state of the corresponding bidirectional switching circuit 530 and the received voltage detection signal, thereby realizing the diagnosis of each bidirectional switching circuit 530.

[0107] In some embodiments, the controller 500 can be connected to the common terminal of multiple bidirectional switching circuits 530 via multiple voltage detection pins.

[0108] In some embodiments, see Figure 10 As shown, each bidirectional switching circuit 530 includes: a first switching device 531 and a second switching device 532; the input terminals of the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 are respectively connected to the first voltage bus 110 and the second voltage bus 120; the switching state of the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 is controlled by the controller 500, and the output terminal of the first switching device 531 and the output terminal of the second switching device 532 are connected to the voltage detection circuit 540.

[0109] In this embodiment, the output terminals of the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 are both connected to the voltage detection circuit 540. When the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 are in the on state, the current of the first voltage bus 110 can flow to the voltage detection circuit 540 through the first switching device 531, and the current of the second voltage bus 120 can flow to the voltage detection circuit 540 through the second switching device 532. When the controller 500 controls one of the bidirectional switching circuits 530 to perform a self-test, it can first control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 in the bidirectional switching circuit 530 to be disconnected, then the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at its common terminal to obtain a first voltage detection signal. Then it can control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 to be turned on, then the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at its common terminal to obtain a second voltage detection signal. In this way, the controller 500 can determine the performance of the bidirectional switching circuit 530 based on the first voltage detection signal and the second voltage detection signal. Meanwhile, other bidirectional switching circuits 530 operate normally. Other bidirectional switching circuits 530 may not be controlled by the controller 500, or the controller 500 may control other bidirectional switching circuits 530 to operate normally.

[0110] In some embodiments, when the controller 500 controls one of the bidirectional switching circuits 530 to perform a self-test, it can first control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 in that bidirectional switching circuit 530 to be turned on. Then, the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at its common terminal to obtain a second voltage detection signal. Then, it can control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 to be turned off. Then, the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at its common terminal to obtain a first voltage detection signal. If the voltage value of the first voltage detection signal is within the first threshold voltage range, it indicates that the bidirectional switching circuit 530 can be normally disconnected. If the voltage value of the second voltage detection signal is within the second threshold voltage range, it indicates that the bidirectional switching circuit 530 can be normally turned on. Furthermore, multiple bidirectional switching circuits 530 can perform self-tests in turn. When one bidirectional switching circuit 530 performs a diagnostic action, another bidirectional switching circuit 530 works normally, which can realize fault diagnosis of the bidirectional switching circuits 530 under normal power supply conditions.

[0111] In some embodiments, the first threshold voltage range can be -0.1V to 0.1V.

[0112] In this embodiment, when the controller 500 controls the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 to turn off, the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at their common terminal to obtain a first voltage detection signal. If the voltage of the first voltage detection signal is 0V, it indicates that the bidirectional switching circuit 530 can be normally disconnected. If the voltage of the first voltage detection signal is not within the first threshold voltage range, for example, if the voltage of the first voltage detection signal is 5V or 12V, it indicates that the bidirectional switching circuit 530 cannot be normally disconnected.

[0113] In some embodiments, the second threshold voltage range can be determined by the voltage range of the first voltage bus 110 and the second voltage bus 120. For example, the second threshold voltage range can be 11.5V-12.5V or 23.5V-24.5V.

[0114] In this embodiment, when the controller 500 controls the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 to be turned on, the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at their common terminal to obtain a second voltage detection signal. If the voltage of the second voltage detection signal is 12V, it indicates that the bidirectional switching circuit 530 can be turned on normally. If the voltage of the second voltage detection signal is not within the second threshold voltage range, for example, if the voltage of the first voltage detection signal is 5V, it indicates that the bidirectional switching circuit 530 cannot be turned on normally.

[0115] In some embodiments, when the controller 500 controls the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 to be turned on, the controller 500 can sequentially control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 to be turned on, thereby separately detecting the conduction performance of the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532. When the first switching device 531 is turned on, if the voltage of the second voltage detection signal obtained by the voltage detection circuit 540 at its common terminal is inconsistent with the voltage of the first voltage bus 110, it indicates that the first switching device 531 is abnormally turned on. If the voltage of the second voltage detection signal obtained by the voltage detection circuit 540 at its common terminal is consistent with the voltage of the first voltage bus 110, it indicates that the first switching device 531 can be turned on normally.

[0116] In this embodiment, if the difference between the voltage of the second voltage detection signal and the voltage of the first voltage bus 110 is less than the first threshold voltage, it can be indicated that the voltage of the second voltage detection signal is consistent with the voltage of the first voltage bus 110. The first threshold voltage is related to the voltage drop of the first switching device 531. For example, if the difference between the voltage of the second voltage detection signal and the voltage of the first voltage bus 110 is less than 0.7V, it can be indicated that the voltage of the second voltage detection signal is consistent with the voltage of the first voltage bus 110.

[0117] In some embodiments, when the second switching device 532 is turned on, if the voltage of the second voltage detection signal obtained by the voltage detection circuit 540 at its common terminal is inconsistent with the voltage of the second voltage bus 120, it indicates that the second switching device 532 is abnormally turned on. If the voltage of the second voltage detection signal obtained by the voltage detection circuit 540 at its common terminal is consistent with the voltage of the second voltage bus 120, it indicates that the second switching device 532 can be turned on normally.

[0118] In this embodiment, if the difference between the voltage of the second voltage detection signal and the voltage of the second voltage bus 120 is less than the second threshold voltage, it indicates that the voltage of the second voltage detection signal is consistent with the voltage of the second voltage bus 120. The second threshold voltage is related to the voltage drop of the second switching device 532. For example, if the difference between the voltage of the second voltage detection signal and the voltage of the second voltage bus 120 is less than 0.7V, it indicates that the voltage of the second voltage detection signal is consistent with the voltage of the second voltage bus 120.

[0119] In some embodiments, see Figure 10 As shown, each voltage detection circuit 540 includes a voltage divider resistor 541. The first end of the voltage divider resistor 541 is connected to the common terminal of the bidirectional switching circuit 530, and the second end of the voltage divider resistor 541 is grounded.

[0120] In this embodiment, a voltage divider resistor 541 is connected in series to the common terminal of the bidirectional switching circuit 530, so that the output terminal of the first switching device 531 and the output terminal of the second switching device 532 are both connected to the voltage detection circuit 540. When the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 are in the on state, the current of the first voltage bus 110 can flow to the voltage detection circuit 540 through the first switching device 531, and the current of the second voltage bus 120 can flow to the voltage detection circuit 540 through the second switching device 532. When the controller 500 controls one of the bidirectional switching circuits 530 to perform a self-test, it can first control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 in that bidirectional switching circuit 530 to disconnect. Then, the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at its common terminal and obtains a first voltage detection signal. Next, it can control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 to turn on, and the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at its common terminal and obtains a second voltage detection signal. Thus, the controller 500 can determine the performance of that bidirectional switching circuit 530 based on the first and second voltage detection signals. Simultaneously, other bidirectional switching circuits 530 operate normally. These other bidirectional switching circuits 530 may be independent of the controller 500's control, or the controller 500 may control the other bidirectional switching circuits 530 to operate normally.

[0121] In some embodiments, see Figure 11 As shown, each voltage detection circuit 540 includes a detection switch 542, which is connected in series with a voltage divider resistor 541.

[0122] In this embodiment, the voltage detection circuit 540 can be started by the detection switch device 542. Since the detection switch device 542 is connected in series with the voltage divider resistor device 541, the voltage divider resistor device 541 cannot form a circuit when the detection switch device 542 is turned off. Thus, the bidirectional switch circuit 530 can be turned off when it is in non-self-test mode, thereby reducing the static current and reducing the power consumption of the circuit.

[0123] In some embodiments, the switching state of the detection switching device 542 is controlled by the controller 500.

[0124] In this embodiment, the switching state of the detection switch device 542 is controlled by the controller 500. The controller 500 can control the corresponding detection switch device 542 to be turned on according to user needs, and further control the bidirectional switch circuit 530 corresponding to the detection switch device 542 to be turned on or off. The voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at the common terminal of the corresponding bidirectional switch circuit 530, and generates a corresponding voltage detection signal based on the detection result. The controller 500 can actively control the switching state of at least two bidirectional switch circuits 530, and judge the performance of each bidirectional switch circuit 530 in sequence according to the switching state of at least two bidirectional switch circuits 530 and the voltage detection signal, thereby realizing the diagnosis of each bidirectional switch circuit 530. When one bidirectional switch circuit 530 performs a diagnostic action, the other bidirectional switch circuit 530 works normally, which can realize the fault diagnosis of the bidirectional switch circuit 530 under normal power supply conditions.

[0125] In some embodiments, see Figure 12 As shown, the first switching device 531 includes a first MOSFET Q1, and the second switching device 532 includes a second MOSFET Q2. The drain of the first MOSFET Q1 is connected to the first voltage bus 110, the source of the first MOSFET Q1 and the source of the second MOSFET Q2 are connected to the corresponding voltage detection circuit 540, and the drain of the second MOSFET Q2 is connected to the second voltage bus 120. The switching states of the first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2 are controlled by the controller 500.

[0126] In this embodiment, by setting the first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2 back to back, the sources of the first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2 are connected together, and the anodes of the parasitic diodes in the first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2 are connected together. When the first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2 are turned off by the controller 500, if the voltage detection circuit 540 detects that the voltage at the source of the first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2 is within the first threshold voltage range, it can be determined that the first MOSFET Q1 and the second MOSFET Q2 can be turned off normally.

[0127] In some embodiments, see Figure 12 As shown, the voltage divider resistor device 541 includes a first resistor R1, which is connected between the common terminal of the corresponding bidirectional switching circuit 530 and ground.

[0128] In some embodiments, see Figure 12 As shown, the detection switch device 542 includes a first switch K1, which is connected in series with the voltage divider resistor device 541.

[0129] In this embodiment, the first switch K1 can be connected between the common terminal of the bidirectional switch circuit 530 and the voltage divider resistor device 541, or it can be connected between the voltage divider resistor device 541 and ground.

[0130] In some embodiments, see Figure 13 As shown, the bidirectional switching circuit 530 connected between the first voltage bus 110 and the second voltage bus 120 can be multiple. Each bidirectional switching circuit 530 is connected between the first voltage bus 110 and the second voltage bus 120. Each voltage detection circuit 540 is connected to the common terminal of at least one bidirectional switching circuit 530. The voltage detection circuit 540 is used to detect the voltage at the common terminal of the corresponding bidirectional switching circuit 530 and generate a corresponding voltage detection signal based on the detection result. The controller 500 is connected to the bidirectional switching circuit 530 and the voltage detection circuit 540. The controller 500 is used to control the switching state of the bidirectional switching circuit 530 and determine the switching detection result based on the switching state of the bidirectional switching circuit 530 and the voltage detection signal.

[0131] In this embodiment, each bidirectional switching circuit 530 is connected between the first voltage bus 110 and the second voltage bus 120. Each voltage detection circuit 540 is connected to the common terminal of at least one bidirectional switching circuit 530. The voltage detection circuit 540 is used to detect the voltage of the common terminal of the corresponding bidirectional switching circuit 530 and generate a corresponding voltage detection signal based on the detection result. The controller 500 can actively control the switching state of at least two bidirectional switching circuits 530 and judge the performance of each bidirectional switching circuit 530 in sequence based on the switching state of at least two bidirectional switching circuits 530 and the voltage detection signal, thereby realizing the diagnosis of each bidirectional switching circuit 530.

[0132] For example, when one of the bidirectional switching circuits 530 is operating in diagnostic mode, the corresponding voltage detection circuit 540 can detect the voltage at the common terminal of the bidirectional switching circuit 530 when the circuit is disconnected, and generate a corresponding first voltage detection signal based on the detection result. If the voltage value of the first voltage detection signal is within the first threshold voltage range, it indicates that the bidirectional switching circuit 530 can be disconnected normally. When the bidirectional switching circuit 530 is on, the corresponding voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at the common terminal of the circuit, and generates a corresponding second voltage detection signal based on the detection result. If the voltage value of the second voltage detection signal is within the second threshold voltage range, it indicates that the bidirectional switching circuit 530 can be on normally. Furthermore, multiple bidirectional switching circuits 530 can perform self-tests in turn. When one bidirectional switching circuit 530 performs a diagnostic action, another bidirectional switching circuit 530 operates normally, enabling fault diagnosis of the bidirectional switching circuits 530 under normal power supply conditions.

[0133] In some embodiments, the first voltage bus 110 is connected to a portion of the first load voltage terminal 410 via a first load switch circuit.

[0134] In some embodiments, the second voltage bus 120 is connected to another portion of the first load voltage terminal 410 via a second load switch circuit.

[0135] In this embodiment, the first voltage bus 110 can be connected to the first load voltage terminal 410 via the first load switch circuit, and supply power to the connected first load via the first load voltage terminal 410. The second voltage bus 120 is connected to the first load voltage terminal 410 via the second load switch circuit, and supply power to the connected second load via the first load voltage terminal 410. The switching state of the first load switch circuit and the second load switch circuit can be controlled according to the voltage of the first voltage bus 110 and the second voltage bus 120, so as to avoid the problem of damage to the connected load caused by the instability of the voltage of the first voltage bus 110 and the second voltage bus 120.

[0136] In some embodiments, the controller 500 is further configured to control up to one bidirectional switching circuit 530 to operate in diagnostic mode; the voltage detection circuit 540 is further configured to detect the voltage at the common terminal of the bidirectional switching circuit 530 when the bidirectional switching circuit 530 is operating in diagnostic mode, and generate a corresponding voltage detection signal to be output to the controller 500 based on the detection result.

[0137] In this embodiment, the controller 500 can simultaneously control up to one bidirectional switching circuit 530 to operate in diagnostic mode, while other bidirectional switching circuits operate in non-diagnostic mode. The bidirectional switching circuit 530 operating in diagnostic mode can be sequentially turned on and off. The corresponding voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at the common terminal of the bidirectional switching circuit 530 and generates a corresponding voltage detection signal based on the detection result. The controller 500 judges the performance of the bidirectional switching circuit 530 operating in diagnostic mode based on the switching state of the bidirectional switching circuit 530 and the voltage detection signal, thus diagnosing the bidirectional switching circuit 530. While one bidirectional switching circuit 530 is performing a diagnostic action, the other bidirectional switching circuits operate in non-diagnostic mode. Since the other bidirectional switching circuits 530 can operate normally, it will not affect the connection control between the first voltage bus 110 and the second voltage bus 120, enabling fault diagnosis of the bidirectional switching circuit 530 under normal power supply conditions.

[0138] In some embodiments, the controller 500 is further configured to, in diagnostic mode, first control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 in one bidirectional switching circuit 530 to be turned on simultaneously, and then control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 in another bidirectional switching circuit 530 to be turned off simultaneously.

[0139] In some embodiments, when the controller 500 controls one of the bidirectional switching circuits 530 to perform a self-test, it can first control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 in that bidirectional switching circuit 530 to be turned on. Then, the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at its common terminal and obtains a second voltage detection signal. Then, it can control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 to be turned off. Then, the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at its common terminal and obtains a first voltage detection signal. If the voltage value of the first voltage detection signal is within the first threshold voltage range, it indicates that the bidirectional switching circuit 530 can be normally disconnected. If the voltage value of the second voltage detection signal is within the second threshold voltage range, it indicates that the bidirectional switching circuit 530 can be normally turned on. Furthermore, multiple bidirectional switching circuits 530 can perform self-tests in turn. When one bidirectional switching circuit 530 performs a diagnostic action, another bidirectional switching circuit 530 operates normally, which can realize fault diagnosis of the bidirectional switching circuits 530 under normal power supply conditions.

[0140] In some embodiments, the controller 500 is further configured to first control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 in a bidirectional switching circuit 530 in diagnostic mode to turn off simultaneously, and then control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 to turn on simultaneously.

[0141] In this embodiment, the output terminals of the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 are both connected to the voltage detection circuit 540. When the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 are in the on state, the current of the first voltage bus 110 can flow to the voltage detection circuit 540 through the first switching device 531, and the current of the second voltage bus 120 can flow to the voltage detection circuit 540 through the second switching device 532. When the controller 500 controls one of the bidirectional switching circuits 530 to perform a self-test, it can first control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 in the bidirectional switching circuit 530 to be disconnected, then the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at its common terminal to obtain a first voltage detection signal. Then it can control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 to be turned on, then the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at its common terminal to obtain a second voltage detection signal. In this way, the controller 500 can determine the performance of the bidirectional switching circuit 530 based on the first voltage detection signal and the second voltage detection signal. Meanwhile, other bidirectional switching circuits 530 operate normally. Other bidirectional switching circuits 530 may not be controlled by the controller 500, or the controller 500 may control other bidirectional switching circuits 530 to operate normally.

[0142] In some embodiments, the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at the common terminal of the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 to obtain a first voltage detection signal when the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 are simultaneously turned off; the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at the common terminal of the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 to obtain a second voltage detection signal when the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 are simultaneously turned on; the controller 500 is further configured to determine that the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 are normal when the voltage value of the first voltage detection signal is within a first threshold voltage range and the voltage value of the second voltage detection signal is within a second threshold voltage range.

[0143] In this embodiment, the output terminals of the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 are both connected to the voltage detection circuit 540. When the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 are in the on state, the current of the first voltage bus 110 can flow to the voltage detection circuit 540 through the first switching device 531, and the current of the second voltage bus 120 can flow to the voltage detection circuit 540 through the second switching device 532. When the controller 500 controls one of the bidirectional switching circuits 530 to perform a self-test, it can first control the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 in that bidirectional switching circuit 530 to be disconnected. Then, the voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at its common terminal to obtain a first voltage detection signal. If the voltage of the first voltage detection signal is within the first threshold voltage range, it indicates that the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 can be normally turned off. Then, the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 can be turned on. The voltage detection circuit 540 detects the voltage at their common terminal to obtain a second voltage detection signal. If the voltage of the second voltage detection signal is within the range of the second threshold voltage, it indicates that the first switching device 531 and the second switching device 532 can be turned on normally. In this way, the controller 500 can determine the performance of the bidirectional switching circuit 530 based on the first voltage detection signal and the second voltage detection signal. Furthermore, other bidirectional switching circuits operate in non-diagnostic mode. Since other bidirectional switching circuits 530 can work normally, it will not affect the connection control between the first voltage bus 110 and the second voltage bus 120. Fault diagnosis of the bidirectional switching circuit 530 can be realized under normal power supply conditions.

[0144] In some embodiments, the detection switch 542 is also used to turn off when the corresponding bidirectional switch circuit 530 exits the diagnostic mode.

[0145] In this embodiment, the voltage detection circuit 540 can be started by the detection switch device 542. Since the detection switch device 542 is connected in series with the voltage divider resistor device 541, the voltage divider resistor device 541 cannot form a circuit when the detection switch device 542 is turned off. Thus, the bidirectional switch circuit 530 can be turned off when it is in non-self-test mode, thereby reducing the static current and reducing the power consumption of the circuit.

[0146] In some embodiments, the first bidirectional DC-DC converter 200 includes interleaved BUCK circuits.

[0147] In this embodiment, the interleaved BUCK circuit can be a multi-parallel buck-boost converter, composed of multiple identical BUCK circuit modules. The on-time of the switching transistor in each BUCK circuit is determined based on the input and output voltages to achieve a stable output voltage. When the input voltage is applied to the interleaved BUCK circuit, the first BUCK circuit starts operating, its switching transistor turns on, and the inductor stores some energy, stabilizing the output voltage. Simultaneously, the switching transistor in the second BUCK circuit is off and does not participate in energy conversion. As time progresses, the switching transistor in the first BUCK circuit turns off, and the switching transistor in the second BUCK circuit turns on, its inductor also stores some energy, further stabilizing the output voltage. Meanwhile, the switching transistor in the first BUCK circuit remains off and does not participate in energy conversion. This process continues, with multiple BUCK circuit modules operating interleaved to achieve high-efficiency, low-ripple, high-power output buck-boost conversion. This reduces current, lowers power loss, improves voltage conversion efficiency and output voltage stability, meeting the needs of high-power applications.

[0148] In some embodiments, the self-resetting overcurrent protection device 310 may include an electronic fuse.

[0149] In this embodiment, the overcurrent threshold of the electronic fuse can be set by the controller 500.

[0150] This application also provides a power distribution system, which includes a low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0151] This application also provides a vehicle, which includes: a first voltage bus 110, a second voltage bus 120; and a low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0152] In some embodiments, the vehicle also includes a power battery pack, which is connected to an external voltage input terminal 520 via a DC-DC circuit. The external voltage input terminal 520 is connected to at least one first load voltage terminal 410 via a first voltage bus 110. The battery management circuit 510 is connected to at least one first load voltage terminal 410 via a second voltage bus 120.

[0153] In this embodiment, a first voltage is output from the low-voltage battery 100 in the vehicle to the first load voltage terminal 410. The first bidirectional DC-DC converter 200 converts the first voltage output from the low-voltage battery 100 into a second voltage and outputs it to the second load voltage terminal 420. Therefore, when the vehicle is equipped with a high-power load, the first load voltage terminal 410, with its higher output voltage, can provide power. This significantly reduces the output current of the low-voltage power distribution system at the same power level, solving the problem of excessively large wire diameters and connector sizes caused by the excessive current supply of the current 12V power supply in automobiles. Furthermore, the self-resetting overcurrent protection device 310 shuts off the power supply to the second load voltage terminal 420 when the output current of the second load voltage terminal 420 is overcurrent, and turns it on when the output current of the second load voltage terminal 420 is within a safe current range. This not only ensures timely power supply to the second load voltage terminal 420 but also reduces safety hazards in the low-voltage power distribution system.

[0154] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0155] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0156] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the electronic device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0157] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0158] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0159] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A low voltage power distribution integrated architecture, characterized by, The low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture comprises: a low-voltage battery for providing a first voltage; a first bidirectional DC conversion circuit for realizing conversion between the first voltage and a second voltage; a power distribution circuit connected with the first bidirectional DC conversion circuit and the low-voltage battery, for supplying power to a first load voltage terminal and / or a second load voltage terminal according to the received first voltage and second voltage; the power distribution circuit, the low-voltage battery and the first bidirectional DC conversion circuit are controlled by a same controller.

2. The low voltage power distribution integrated architecture of claim 1, wherein, The power distribution circuit comprises: one or more self-recovery over-current protection devices connected between the first bidirectional DC conversion circuit and the second load voltage terminal, at least one of the self-recovery over-current protection devices is controlled by the controller to turn off the power supply of the second load voltage terminal when the output current of the second load voltage terminal is over current.

3. The low voltage power distribution integrated architecture of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The power distribution circuit further comprises: a power-on terminal connected with the first bidirectional DC conversion circuit, for accessing an externally input second voltage; the first bidirectional DC conversion circuit is further used for converting the second voltage provided by the power-on terminal into the first voltage and outputting the first voltage to the low-voltage battery, so as to charge the low-voltage battery.

4. The low voltage power distribution integrated architecture of claim 1, wherein, The low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture further comprises: a battery management circuit controlled by the controller, for managing charging and discharging of the low-voltage battery.

5. The low voltage power distribution integrated architecture of any of claims 1-4, wherein, The low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture further comprises: an external voltage input terminal connected with the battery management circuit and the power distribution circuit, for providing the first voltage for the battery management circuit and the power distribution circuit.

6. The low voltage power distribution integrated architecture of claim 5, wherein, The low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture further comprises: a bidirectional switch circuit connected between the external voltage input terminal and the battery management circuit, for controlling the current direction between the external voltage input terminal and the battery management circuit.

7. The low voltage power distribution integrated architecture of claim 6, wherein, The low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture further comprises: a voltage detection circuit for detecting the voltage of the common terminal of the corresponding bidirectional switch circuit and outputting a corresponding voltage detection signal to the controller according to the detection result; the controller is further used for controlling the switching state of the bidirectional switch circuit and determining a switching detection result according to the switching state of the bidirectional switch circuit and the voltage detection signal.

8. The low voltage power distribution integrated architecture of claim 7, wherein, The bidirectional switch circuit comprises: a first switch device and a second switch device; the input terminals of the first switch device and the second switch device are respectively connected with a first voltage bus and a second voltage bus; the external voltage input terminal is connected with at least one first load voltage terminal through the first voltage bus, and the battery management circuit is connected with at least one first load voltage terminal through the second voltage bus; the switching states of the first switch device and the second switch device are controlled by the controller, and the output terminals of the first switch device and the second switch device are connected with the voltage detection circuit.

9. The low voltage power distribution integrated architecture of any of claims 1-8, wherein, The first bidirectional DC conversion circuit comprises an interleaved BUCK circuit.

10. The low voltage power distribution integrated architecture of any of claims 1-8, wherein, The self-recovery over-current protection device comprises an electronic fuse.

11. A power distribution system, characterized by, The low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture comprises:

12. A vehicle characterized by comprising: a first voltage bus and a second voltage bus; and the low-voltage power distribution integrated architecture comprises: a first voltage bus and a second voltage bus.

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