Adjustable flow divider for blowout preventer

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of oil extraction technology, and in particular to an adjustable distributor for blowout preventers, comprising an inner shell, an outer shell fixedly fitted onto the outer surface of the inner shell, a top sealing plate fixedly installed on the upper end of the outer shell, an insert plate slidably embedded on the upper surface of the top sealing plate, a locking cylinder fixedly connected to the lower surface of the insert plate, a guide sleeve fixedly connected to the lower end of the locking cylinder, a drive rod rotatably inserted into the inner side of the locking cylinder, a pressure testing assembly fixedly connected to the lower end of the drive rod, a cam fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer surface of the drive rod, and a guide plate fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cam. This invention has the function of quickly adjusting to different usage scenarios, and can quickly disassemble and assemble the structure of the pressure testing plug to meet the internal maintenance needs of the distributor. It can adapt to the sealing requirements of pressure testing operations and can also be connected to the installation and fixation of drilling tubing, realizing the flexible adjustment and switching effect of the distributor to adapt to various operating scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil extraction technology, and in particular to an adjustable diverter for blowout preventers. Background Technology

[0002] To meet the demands of low-carbon extraction, the oil diverter is a core safety device installed between the wellhead casing head and the blowout preventer (BOP) assembly during oil drilling and workover operations. Its core functions are to control wellhead overflow and guide drilling fluid diversion to prevent blowout accidents. It can also be used for low-pressure well control operations (such as drilling in low-pressure oil and gas reservoirs, shallow gas well control, or temporary pressure control during BOP assembly / disassembly gaps) and auxiliary fluid circulation (to coordinate and adjust fluid flow direction to ensure smooth operation). It mainly consists of a housing that withstands high pressure and mechanical loads and is used to connect wellhead components; a pressure test plug used to seal the annular space at the wellhead to achieve sealing or open the diversion channel; a locking mechanism used to fix the sealing components; and a manual / hydraulic / pneumatic operation drive system to control the movement of the components. Compared with the BOP, it is more suitable for low-pressure, shallow environments and has a strong diversion capacity but a lower pressure resistance rating, while the BOP focuses on high-pressure, deep well control and has superior sealing and pressure resistance performance.

[0003] Currently, most distributors used in the oil extraction field employ a fixed locking structure, where the connection between the test plug and the distributor housing typically relies on bolt assemblies or welded clamps for rigid fixation. The locking components of this type of distributor are integrated or semi-integrated with the housing, and the locking state cannot be flexibly adjusted through simple mechanical operations.

[0004] When cleaning internal flow channels, inspecting sealing surfaces, or connecting drilling tubing, operators need to use wrenches, jacks, and other auxiliary tools to disassemble multiple sets of fastening bolts or cut the clamp structure in sequence before they can remove the pressure test plug from the distributor. This process requires multiple people to work together and is time-consuming to disassemble and reassemble.

[0005] Meanwhile, traditional distributors lack a visual indicator of the locking status, making it impossible for operators to intuitively judge the engagement state of the locking components. This can easily lead to leakage of the test medium due to inadequate locking, or deformation and damage to the components due to over-locking. Therefore, an adjustable distributor for blowout preventers is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing an adjustable flow divider for blowout preventers.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: an adjustable distributor for a blowout preventer, comprising an inner shell, an outer shell fixedly fitted onto the outer surface of the inner shell, a top sealing plate fixedly installed at the upper end of the outer shell, an insert plate slidably embedded on the upper surface of the top sealing plate, a locking cylinder fixedly connected to the lower surface of the insert plate, a guide sleeve fixedly connected to the lower end of the locking cylinder, a drive rod rotatably inserted into the inner side of the locking cylinder, a pressure testing assembly fixedly connected to the lower end of the drive rod, a cam fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer surface of the drive rod, a guide plate fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cam, a plurality of protrusions arranged in a ring array fixedly connected to the outer surface of the guide plate, a plurality of locking blocks slidably penetrating the outer surface of the guide sleeve along the radial direction, an annular groove formed on the inner wall of the inner shell, the edge of the locking block slidingly engaging the inner side of the annular groove, and an inclined guide surface formed on the outer edge of the locking block;

[0008] The rotation of the drive rod causes the protrusion to push the locking block, which then engages with the inner side of the annular groove.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of L-shaped blocks are fixedly embedded on the edge of the mounting plate, and an inner locking block is provided at the port of the top sealing plate corresponding to each L-shaped block, the inner locking block being slidably locked into the inner side of the L-shaped block.

[0010] Preferably, the pressure testing assembly includes a connecting rod fixedly connected to the lower end of the drive rod, a pressure testing plug fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod, the pressure testing plug filling the lower port of the inner shell, and the upper end of the connecting rod slidingly passing through the lower surface of the guide sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the outer surface of the guide sleeve is provided with a plurality of guide grooves, the locking block slides through the inner side of the guide grooves, the inner edge of the upper surface of the locking block is fixedly provided with a limiting edge, and the outer edge of the convex disk slides in contact with the inner wall of the guide sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, an installation plate is fixedly fitted onto the outer surface of the outer shell, and several inlet and outlet pipes are fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer surface of the outer shell, while two through openings are opened through the lower end of the outer surface of the inner shell.

[0013] Preferably, a fixing ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the drive rod, the fixing ring is close to the upper surface of the mounting plate, two card seats are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mounting plate, a card block is engaged between the two card seats, a card groove is opened on the outer surface of the fixing ring, the card block is slidably embedded into the inner side of the card groove, two indicator plates are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixing ring, and a hook hole is opened at the upper end of the side surface of the card block.

[0014] Preferably, one of the card holders has a threaded hole on its side surface, and the other card holder has a countersunk hole on its side surface. A locking bolt is slidably inserted into the inside of the countersunk hole. The locking bolt slides through the inside of the card block, and one end of the locking bolt is threaded into the inside of the threaded hole.

[0015] Preferably, a sealing clip is fixedly embedded between the upper end of the inner shell and the top sealing plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] After unscrewing the locking bolt, the locking block is removed. Then, by rotating the drive rod, the protrusion rotates and no longer presses against one end of the locking block. The indicator plate at the top rotates, indicating whether the locking block is unlocked. Then, it is lifted up, and the locking block contacts the inner wall of the annular groove. Due to the presence of the inclined guide surface, the locking block is pushed and moved, sliding inward along the inner side of the guide groove. The end of the locking block is close to the surface of the guide plate. After the locking block is retracted into the inner side of the annular groove, it no longer contacts the inner wall of the annular groove, and does not obstruct the upward movement of the drive rod, locking cylinder, and guide sleeve. This allows for the quick removal of components such as the pressure test plug, facilitating subsequent cleaning, inspection, or maintenance of key parts such as the internal flow channel and sealing surface by operators. Alternatively, the drilling string can be precisely aligned with the center channel of the distributor and slowly lowered to ensure a tight fit between the outer wall of the string and the sealing clip. After the connection between the drilling string and the distributor is completed, drilling operations can be started. The disassembly and assembly of the pressure test plug components are also more convenient.

[0018] After maintenance, the user can quickly reset and install the device by reversing the operation. When the drive rod is inserted and rotated, the protrusion pushes the locking block, and the locking block is locked into the inner side of the annular groove. The locking block is then arranged again, and the locking bolt is tightened to fix the locking block, restoring the sealing performance and working state of the distributor. This ensures that subsequent pressure testing operations can be carried out efficiently and allows for the rapid assembly of the pressure testing plug components for subsequent pressure testing operations.

[0019] This invention enables rapid adjustment of usage scenarios and allows for quick disassembly and assembly of the pressure test plug structure to meet the internal maintenance needs of the distributor. It can adapt to the sealing requirements of pressure testing operations and also connect to the installation and fixation of drilling tubing, thus achieving a flexible adjustment and switching effect for the distributor to adapt to various operating scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustable flow divider for a blowout preventer according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an adjustable diverter for a blowout preventer according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This invention relates to an adjustable diverter for blowout preventers. Figure 2Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4 This invention relates to an adjustable diverter for blowout preventers. Figure 2 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the locking cylinder of an adjustable distributor for a blowout preventer according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting plate of an adjustable distributor for a blowout preventer according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the mounting bracket of an adjustable distributor for a blowout preventer according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the drive rod of an adjustable distributor for a blowout preventer according to the present invention.

[0028] The components are as follows: 1. Inner shell; 2. Through port; 3. Sealing clip; 4. Top sealing plate; 5. Connecting rod; 6. Test plug; 7. Drive rod; 8. Locking cylinder; 9. Guide sleeve; 10. Guide groove; 11. Locking block; 12. Angled guide surface; 13. Limiting edge; 14. Ring groove; 15. Protruding plate; 16. Guide plate; 17. Protrusion; 18. Embedded plate; 19. L-shaped block; 20. Inner locking block; 21. Fixing ring; 22. Indicator plate; 23. Locking block; 24. Locking seat; 25. Threaded hole; 26. Countersunk hole; 27. Locking bolt; 28. Hook hole; 29. ​​Locking groove; 30. Outer shell; 31. Inlet / outlet pipe; 32. Mounting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0030] like Figures 1-8The adjustable distributor for a blowout preventer shown includes an inner housing 1 made of high-strength, oil-resistant alloy material, serving as the core channel for distribution. The inner wall is precision-machined to withstand the impact of high-pressure petroleum media, ensuring distribution stability. An outer shell 30, made of corrosion-resistant carbon steel, is fixedly fitted onto the outer surface of the inner housing 1, providing protection and sealing, and enhancing the overall structural strength. A top sealing plate 4 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the outer shell 30. An insert plate 18 is slidably embedded on the upper surface of the top sealing plate 4. A locking cylinder 8 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the insert plate 18. A guide sleeve 9 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the locking cylinder 8. A drive mechanism is rotatably inserted into the inner side of the locking cylinder 8. The lower end of the drive rod 7 is fixedly connected to a pressure testing component. The lower end of the outer surface of the drive rod 7 is fixedly connected to a cam 15. The upper surface of the cam 15 is fixedly connected to a guide plate 16. The outer surface of the guide plate 16 is fixedly connected to several protrusions 17 arranged in a ring array. The cam 15, the guide plate 16 and the protrusions 17 are all made of wear-resistant steel. Several locking blocks 11 slide through the outer surface of the guide sleeve 9 in a radial direction. For example, four locking blocks 11 can be set. Correspondingly, the inner wall of the inner shell 1 is provided with an annular groove 14. The edge of the locking block 11 slides into the inner side of the annular groove 14. The outer edge of the locking block 11 is provided with a slanted guide surface 12.

[0031] The rotation of the drive rod 7 causes the protrusion 17 to push the locking block 11, and the locking block 11 is engaged with the inner side of the annular groove 14. Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the device is in the locked state, and components such as the pressure test plug 6 have completed their positioning.

[0032] Several L-shaped blocks 19 are fixedly embedded on the edge of the mounting plate 18. An inner locking block 20 is provided at the port of the top sealing plate 4 corresponding to each L-shaped block 19. The inner locking block 20 slides into the inner side of the L-shaped block 19. Due to the cooperation between the L-shaped block 19 and the inner locking block 20, it is ensured that the mounting plate 18 can only move vertically relative to the top sealing plate 4, and that the locking cylinder 8 and the mounting plate 18 will not rotate relative to the top sealing plate 4 when the drive rod 7 rotates later.

[0033] The pressure testing assembly includes a connecting rod 5 fixedly connected to the lower end of the drive rod 7. A pressure testing plug 6 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod 5. The pressure testing plug 6 fills the lower port of the inner housing 1, and the upper end of the connecting rod 5 slides through the lower surface of the guide sleeve 9. The drive rod 7 is made of high-strength alloy steel, providing installation support and power transmission for the pressure testing plug 6, and can move synchronously with the drive rod 7. The pressure testing plug 6 is made of a composite material of high-pressure resistant rubber and metal skeleton, which accurately fills the lower port of the inner housing 1, forming a sealed cavity during pressure testing to ensure the accuracy of pressure detection.

[0034] The outer surface of the guide sleeve 9 has several guide grooves 10. The locking block 11 slides through the inner side of the guide groove 10. A limiting edge 13 is fixedly provided on the inner edge of the upper surface of the locking block 11. The outer edge of the convex plate 15 slides in contact with the inner wall of the guide sleeve 9. The limiting edge 13 can prevent the locking block 11 from moving excessively to the outside, thereby preventing the locking block 11 from disengaging from the inner side of the guide groove 10.

[0035] A mounting plate 32 is fixedly fitted onto the outer surface of the outer casing 30. Several inlet and outlet pipes 31 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer surface of the outer casing 30. Two through-holes 2 are opened through the lower end of the outer surface of the inner casing 1. The height of the through-holes 2 corresponds to that of the inlet and outlet pipes 31, serving as oil flow channels between the inner casing 1 and the inlet and outlet pipes 31, ensuring smooth oil flow and meeting sealing performance standards. The mounting plate 32 is made of thickened carbon steel. Several evenly distributed mounting holes are arrayed on both sides of the upper surface of the mounting plate. The hole diameter is suitable for M16-M20 high-strength bolts. The hole walls are heat-treated to enhance wear resistance. During installation, it is double-tightened with spring washers and nuts, which can firmly fix the entire distributor on the working base or drilling platform support, effectively avoiding problems such as sealing failure and leakage at pipe connections caused by equipment shaking during high-pressure oil transportation. It is suitable for the extreme operating requirements of oil extraction sites with high dust, strong vibration, and high pressure, providing a basic installation guarantee for the stable operation of the entire distributor system. The inlet / outlet pipe 31 is made of high-pressure and oil-resistant stainless steel. One end is sealed to the outer casing 30, and the other end has a reserved flange interface for connecting to external oil pipelines to realize the input and diversion of oil.

[0036] A fixing ring 21 is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the drive rod 7. The fixing ring 21 is close to the upper surface of the mounting plate 18. Two card seats 24 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mounting plate 18. A card block 23 is locked between the two card seats 24. A card groove 29 is opened on the outer surface of the fixing ring 21. The card block 23 slides into the inner side of the card groove 29. Two indicator plates 22 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixing ring 21. The indicator plates 22 are made of lightweight aluminum alloy. The two indicator plates 22 are symmetrically fixed on the outer surface of the fixing ring 21 and rotate synchronously with the drive rod 7. They can intuitively display the rotation angle of the drive rod 7 and facilitate operation and adjustment. A hook hole 28 is opened at the upper end of the side surface of the card block 23. The hole diameter is adapted to the hook end of the tool, so that the operator can use the tool to pull the card block 23 to realize the quick separation and engagement of the card block 23 and the card groove 29.

[0037] One retainer 24 has a threaded hole 25 on its side surface, and the other retainer 24 has a countersunk hole 26 on its side surface. A locking bolt 27 is slidably inserted into the inside of the countersunk hole 26. The locking bolt 27 slides through the inside of the retaining block 23, and one end of the locking bolt 27 is threaded into the inside of the threaded hole 25. The design of the countersunk hole 26 hides the end of the locking bolt 27, preventing accidental contact and loosening.

[0038] A sealing clip 3 is fixedly embedded between the upper end of the inner shell 1 and the top sealing plate 4. During the subsequent insertion of the pipe pile, the hemispherical curved surface of the sealing clip 3 can tightly fit against the outer wall of the inserted pipe pile, filling the gap between the pipe pile and the port of the distributor, forming a high-pressure sealing structure. This effectively prevents leakage of oil medium from the port during the distribution process, meeting the high-pressure operating conditions required for oil extraction and transportation. At the same time, the hemispherical arc structure has a natural guiding function, allowing the pipe pile to smoothly enter the channel of the inner shell 1 along the curved surface during insertion, avoiding hard collisions between the end of the pipe pile and the edge of the port, while ensuring that the pipe pile is coaxial with the inner shell 1 after insertion, improving the stability of subsequent distribution operations.

[0039] After unscrewing the locking bolt 27, the user removes the locking block 23. Then, by rotating the drive rod 7, the protrusion 17 rotates and no longer presses against one end of the locking block 11. The indicator plate 22 at the top rotates, indicating whether the locking block 11 is unlocked. Then, the user lifts the rod, and the locking block 11 contacts the inner wall of the annular groove 14. Due to the presence of the inclined guide surface 12, the locking block 11 is pushed and moved, sliding inward along the inner side of the guide groove 10. The end of the locking block 11 is close to the surface of the guide plate 16, thus locking the locking mechanism. After block 11 is retracted into the inner side of the annular groove 14, it no longer contacts the inner wall of the annular groove 14, and does not obstruct the upward movement of drive rod 7, locking cylinder 8, and guide sleeve 9, thereby quickly removing components such as pressure test plug 6. This facilitates subsequent cleaning, inspection, or maintenance of key parts such as internal flow channels and sealing surfaces by operators, or the drilling string can be precisely aligned with the center channel of the distributor and slowly lowered to ensure that the outer wall of the string is tightly fitted with the sealing clip 3. After the connection between the drilling string and the distributor is completed, drilling operations can be started.

[0040] After completing the internal inspection and component replacement of the distributor, the user can quickly reset and install it by following the reverse steps of disassembly. The entire process does not require complex special tools, greatly reducing maintenance time. In the specific reset operation, when the drive rod 7 is inserted and rotated, the protrusion 17 pushes the locking block 11, and the locking block 11 is inserted into the inner side of the annular groove 14. The locking block 23 is then arranged again, and the locking bolt 27 is tightened to fix the locking block 23, restoring the sealing performance and working state of the distributor. After the reset is completed, the pressure test plug 6 of the distributor fits precisely, quickly restoring the overall sealing performance and normal working state, providing a reliable guarantee for the efficient implementation of subsequent high-pressure testing, crude oil diversion and other operations, and ensuring the efficient implementation of subsequent pressure testing operations.

[0041] This invention features a structure that allows for quick disassembly and assembly of the six pressure test plugs, meeting the internal maintenance needs of the distributor. It can adapt to the sealing requirements of pressure testing operations and also connect to the installation and fixation of drilling tubing, achieving a flexible adjustment and switching effect for the distributor to adapt to various operating scenarios.

[0042] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection claimed by the appended claims and their equivalents is defined.

Claims

1. An adjustable distributor for a blowout preventer, comprising an inner housing (1), characterized in that: The outer surface of the inner shell (1) is fixedly fitted with an outer shell (30). A top sealing plate (4) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the outer shell (30). An insert plate (18) is slidably embedded on the upper surface of the top sealing plate (4). A locking cylinder (8) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the insert plate (18). A guide sleeve (9) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the locking cylinder (8). A drive rod (7) is rotatably inserted into the inner side of the locking cylinder (8). A pressure testing component is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drive rod (7). A convex disk (15) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the surface. A guide disk (16) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the convex disk (15). A number of protrusions (17) arranged in a ring array are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the guide disk (16). A number of locking blocks (11) slide through the outer surface of the guide sleeve (9) radially. An annular groove (14) is provided on the inner wall of the inner shell (1). The edge of the locking block (11) slides into the inner side of the annular groove (14). An inclined guide surface (12) is provided on the outer edge of the locking block (11). The drive rod (7) rotates, causing the protrusion (17) to push the locking block (11), and the locking block (11) is engaged in the inner side of the annular groove (14); The pressure testing assembly includes a connecting rod (5) fixedly connected to the lower end of the drive rod (7), and a pressure testing plug (6) fixedly connected to the lower end of the connecting rod (5). The pressure testing plug (6) fills the lower port of the inner shell (1), and the upper end of the connecting rod (5) slides through the lower surface of the guide sleeve (9). A fixing ring (21) is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the drive rod (7). The fixing ring (21) is close to the upper surface of the mounting plate (18). Two card seats (24) are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mounting plate (18). A card block (23) is clamped between the two card seats (24). A card groove (29) is opened on the outer surface of the fixing ring (21). The card block (23) slides into the inner side of the card groove (29). Two indicator plates (22) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixing ring (21). A hook hole (28) is opened at the upper end of the side surface of the card block (23).

2. The adjustable diverter for a blowout preventer according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several L-shaped blocks (19) are fixedly embedded on the edge of the mounting plate (18). An inner locking block (20) is provided at the port of the top sealing plate (4) corresponding to each L-shaped block (19). The inner locking block (20) slides into the inner side of the L-shaped block (19).

3. An adjustable distributor for a blowout preventer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the guide sleeve (9) is provided with a plurality of guide grooves (10), the locking block (11) slides through the inner side of the guide groove (10), the upper surface of the locking block (11) is fixedly provided with a limiting edge (13), and the outer edge of the convex plate (15) slides in contact with the inner wall of the guide sleeve (9).

4. An adjustable distributor for a blowout preventer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the outer shell (30) is fixedly fitted with an installation plate (32), and a number of inlet and outlet pipes (31) are fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer surface of the outer shell (30). Two through openings (2) are opened through the lower end of the outer surface of the inner shell (1).

5. An adjustable distributor for a blowout preventer according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the card holders (24) has a threaded hole (25) on its side surface, and the other card holder (24) has a countersunk hole (26) on its side surface. A locking bolt (27) is slidably inserted into the inside of the countersunk hole (26). The locking bolt (27) slides through the inside of the card block (23), and one end of the locking bolt (27) is threaded into the inside of the threaded hole (25).

6. An adjustable diverter for a blowout preventer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing clip (3) is fixedly embedded between the upper end of the inner shell (1) and the top sealing plate (4).

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