Speed reducer test board and test method suitable for rapid reversing impact load working condition

Abstract

The invention relates to a speed reducer test board and test method suitable for a rapid reversing impact load working condition, and the test board is characterized in that a motor is connected to a motor support through a first installation disc, a tested speed reducer is connected to a tested speed reducer support through a second installation disc, and a step-up gear box is connected to a step-up gear box support through a third installation disc; the flywheel is connected to the flywheel bracket through a fourth mounting disc; a motor is connected with a tested speed reducer through an input coupling, the tested speed reducer is connected with a step-up gear box through an output coupling, one end of a central shaft of a flywheel is connected with the step-up gear box through a flywheel coupling, and the other end of the central shaft of the flywheel is rotatably supported in a central hole of a fourth mounting disc; the input torque rotating speed sensor and the output torque rotating speed sensor are connected to the input coupler and the output coupler respectively. The debugging box is used for outputting control instructions to the motor; the console is used for measuring real-time operation parameters of the motor. The purpose of simulating the actual rapid reversing impact load working condition is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of speed reducer testing technology, and in particular, it relates to a speed reducer test bench and testing method suitable for rapid reversing impact load conditions. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing use of drive joint mechanisms in various fields such as meteorological detection, communication and navigation, the performance requirements and technical standards of reducers, as core components of mechanical transmission, are constantly being raised. To meet the reciprocating motion requirements of these mechanisms, reducers are often required to complete a reverse direction under a certain output torque within a very short time (generally within 2 seconds), i.e., a rapid reversing output action. For this type of reducer, its impact resistance directly determines the reliability, efficiency, and lifespan of the entire machine. Therefore, reducers need to undergo simulated working conditions (impact) testing before they can be officially used in machines.

[0003] Significant progress has been made in existing testing technologies in many aspects, such as improved accuracy (e.g., the transmission error testing system of the National Robot Testing and Evaluation Center has an accuracy of ±0.5 arcseconds and supports horizontal comparisons of 80% of mainstream models); it can simultaneously test more than 20 indicators such as transmission error, backlash, and torsional stiffness, forming a complete performance spectrum; some testing institutions have introduced AI algorithms to train models using historical data, automatically identifying test anomalies and recommending optimization solutions. Despite these significant technological advancements, the existing testing system still has shortcomings in dynamic performance testing, failing to simulate transient loads under actual working conditions, making it difficult to evaluate some operational performance characteristics.

[0004] Based on the above problems, a new loading control module was used to construct a reducer test bench suitable for rapid commutation output conditions, which became an effective means to solve the problem of rapid commutation output performance testing of the reducer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a speed reducer test bench and test method suitable for rapid reversing impact load conditions.

[0006] One of the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: A speed reducer test bench suitable for rapid reversing impact load conditions, characterized in that it includes a first mounting plate, a motor bracket, a motor, a debugging box, an input coupling, an input torque and speed sensor, a speed reducer under test, a second mounting plate, a mounting bracket for the speed reducer under test, an output coupling, an output torque and speed sensor, an output connecting plate, a third mounting plate, a speed-increasing gearbox bracket, a speed-increasing gearbox, a flywheel, a fourth mounting plate, a flywheel bracket, a flywheel coupling, two sensor supports, a base, and a control console; The motor bracket, the tested reducer bracket, the speed-increasing gearbox bracket, the flywheel bracket, and the two sensor supports are fixedly mounted on the upper end of the base. The motor is connected to the motor bracket via a first mounting plate, the tested reducer is connected to the tested reducer bracket via a second mounting plate, the speed-increasing gearbox is connected to the speed-increasing gearbox bracket via a third mounting plate, and the flywheel is connected to the flywheel bracket via a fourth mounting plate. An input coupling connects the power input ends of the motor and the tested reducer, and an output coupling connects the power output end of the tested reducer and the power input end of the speed-increasing gearbox. The output coupling is connected to the power input end of the speed-increasing gearbox via an output connecting plate. One end of the flywheel's central shaft is connected to the power output end of the speed-increasing gearbox via a flywheel coupling, and the other end of the flywheel's central shaft is rotatably supported in the central hole on the fourth mounting plate. The input torque and speed sensor and the output torque and speed sensor are connected to the input coupling and the output coupling, respectively; the debugging box is used to output control commands to achieve precise control of parameters such as motor speed and current; the control console integrates an oscilloscope to measure the real-time operating parameters of the motor and to perform abnormal diagnosis.

[0007] Furthermore, the debugging box is installed on the upper part of the motor housing.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper surface of the base is provided with a T-slot, and the lower ends of the motor bracket, the reducer bracket under test, the speed-increasing gearbox bracket, the flywheel bracket, and the two sensor supports are all provided with screw through holes. The T-screws and nuts of the connecting screws are installed in the screw through holes and the corresponding T-slots to achieve a fixed connection with the base.

[0009] One of the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: A method for testing rapid commutation impact load conditions using the aforementioned reducer test bench includes the following steps: Step 1: Before testing, connect all components except the flywheel in sequence. Then, control the motor to output a certain speed, torque and running time through the debugging box to test the reducer. Display the motor running parameters in real time through the oscilloscope. Observe the operation of the reducer and the display values ​​of the control panel to determine whether the reducer is running normally. After the operation is normal, install the flywheel to prepare for the subsequent rapid reversing impact load test. Step 2: Control the motor with a certain speed, torque and running time through the debugging box to drive the reducer under test to run in the forward direction at a speed n; Step 3: Control the motor through the debugging box to give it a certain reverse speed, torque and running time, so that the reducer under test will run in reverse at a speed n within a certain time t, and the flywheel will play the role of simulating impact load. Step 4: Repeat step 3 several times until the test is over, and check the operating performance of the reducer.

[0010] Furthermore, in step 3 above, the simulated impact load calculation process is as follows: Calculate the angular acceleration β of the tested reducer based on t and n, β = 2πn / t, unit 1 / s. 2 Then T = Jβ = 2πJn / t, where T is the impact load and J is the moment of inertia of the flywheel.

[0011] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention uses a debugging box to control a motor to simulate a rapid commutation impact load condition, driving a reducer. The speed and commutation time of the reducer under test can be set as required. By controlling the flywheel's moment of inertia and the speed ratio of the speed-increasing gearbox, the output torque of the reducer under test can be precisely controlled, thereby simulating actual rapid commutation impact load conditions. Furthermore, the impact load can be adjusted according to different operating conditions by changing the flywheel, controlling the speed, and adjusting the commutation time, making it simple and convenient.

[0012] 2. When using this test bench, the coaxial accuracy between the components can be ensured through the mounting plate and coupling, making the testing process stable and reliable. At the same time, the torque and speed sensor in the coupling has a monitoring function, which can automatically disconnect the connection between the reducer under test and the motor when the torque and speed are abnormal, avoiding the motor from being continuously stuck and damaged, thus affecting the use of the test bench.

[0013] 3. This test bench integrates various data instruments onto the control panel, facilitating operation and data recording, thereby improving testing efficiency and quality. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the speed reducer test bench of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the speed reducer test bench of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the speed reducer test bench of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The structure of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] For a gearbox test bench suitable for rapid reversing shock load conditions, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-3The invention comprises a first mounting plate 1, a motor bracket 2, a motor 3, a debugging box 4, an input coupling 5, an input torque and speed sensor 6, a reducer under test 7, a second mounting plate 8, a reducer under test mounting bracket 9, an output coupling 10, an output torque and speed sensor 11, an output connecting plate 12, a third mounting plate 13, a speed-increasing gearbox bracket 14, a speed-increasing gearbox 15, a flywheel 16, a fourth mounting plate 17, a flywheel bracket 18, a sensor support 19, a base 20, a control console 21, T-screws and nuts 22, and a flywheel coupling 23. The upper surface of the base is provided with a T-slot.

[0017] The motor bracket 2, the tested reducer bracket 9, the speed-increasing gearbox bracket 14, the flywheel bracket 18, and the sensor support 19 are fixed to the T-slots on the base via T-screws and nuts 22. These components are used to mount moving parts such as the motor 3, the tested reducer 7, the speed-increasing gearbox 15, and the flywheel 16. Each moving part is tightly connected to its corresponding bracket via mounting plates. Specifically: the motor 3 is connected to the motor bracket 2 via the first mounting plate 1; the tested reducer 7 is connected to the tested reducer bracket 9 via the second mounting plate 8; the speed-increasing gearbox 15 is connected to the speed-increasing gearbox bracket via the third mounting plate 13; and the flywheel is connected to the flywheel bracket via the fourth mounting plate. An input coupling 5 connects the power input ends of the motor 3 and the tested reducer 7, and an output coupling 10 connects the power output ends of the tested reducer 7 and the speed-increasing gearbox 15. The output coupling is connected to the power input end of the speed-increasing gearbox 15 via an output connecting plate 12. One end of the central shaft of flywheel 16 is connected to the power output end of the speed-increasing gearbox via a flywheel coupling, while the other end of the central shaft of flywheel 16 is rotatably supported in the central hole on the fourth mounting plate. The aforementioned couplings are used to smoothly transmit speed and torque. Specifically, the input coupling 5 and the output coupling 10 are equipped with an input torque-speed sensor 6 and an output torque-speed sensor 11, respectively.

[0018] In the structure of the speed reducer test bench of this invention, the input section mainly consists of a motor 3 and a debugging box 4. The motor drives the speed reducer under test. The motor 3 achieves precise control of parameters such as motor speed and current according to the control commands output by the debugging box 4. At the same time, the debugging box 4 has a manual adjustment function to meet different needs. An oscilloscope is integrated on the control console 21 to measure the real-time operating parameters of the motor, such as voltage, current, frequency, phase difference, and modulation amplitude. It can also perform anomaly diagnosis to ensure the normal operation of the motor 3.

[0019] The output section is equipped with a torque and speed sensor, a speed-increasing gearbox 15, and a flywheel 16. The speed-increasing gearbox 15 can reduce the output torque, thereby reducing the impact of shocks. The flywheel 16 utilizes its large moment of inertia to store some energy during the test, which can effectively stabilize the overall speed and make the system operate stably.

[0020] In addition, the input coupling 5 is equipped with an input torque and speed sensor 6, and the output coupling 10 is equipped with an output torque and speed sensor 11, which are used to display and monitor the torque and speed of the input and output parts in real time, and output the data to the display instrument of the control console 21.

[0021] The method for testing rapid commutation impact load conditions using the aforementioned reducer test bench includes the following steps: Step 1: Before testing, connect all components except the flywheel 16 in sequence. Then, control the motor 3 to output a certain speed, torque and running time through the debugging box 4 to test the reducer 7. An oscilloscope is provided on the control console 21 to display the motor 3's operating parameters in real time. By observing the operation of the reducer and the values ​​displayed on the control console 21, determine whether the reducer is operating normally. After normal operation, install the flywheel to prepare for the subsequent rapid reversing impact load test. Step 2: Control the motor 3 to a certain speed, torque and running time through the debugging box 4, and the reducer 7 under test will run in the forward direction at speed n; Step 3: Control the motor 3 through the debugging box 4 to give it a certain reverse speed, torque and running time, so that the reducer under test will run in reverse at a speed n (r / s) within a certain time t (unit: s). Since the flywheel has a certain moment of inertia J (unit: kg·m2), it has stored a certain amount of kinetic energy when running in the forward direction. The reducer under test needs to overcome this part of energy to complete the reverse operation. At this time, the flywheel plays the role of simulating the impact load T (unit: N·m). Step 4: Repeat step 3 several times until the test is over, and check the operating performance of the reducer.

[0022] In step 3 above, the simulation of the impact load calculation process is as follows: Based on t and n, the angular acceleration β of the reducer under test can be calculated as β = 2πn / t, in units of 1 / s. 2 Then T = Jβ = 2πJn / t. In actual tests, the impact load T and rotational speed n are often given first according to the working conditions. The reversal time t is generally less than 1s. At this time, the required moment of inertia of the flywheel J = Tt / 2πn can be calculated according to the above formula, so as to select a suitable flywheel.

[0023] Although embodiments and drawings of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will understand that various substitutions, variations and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims

1. A reducer test bench suitable for fast-reversing impact load working conditions, characterized in that: The device comprises a first mounting disc, a motor support, a motor, a debugging box, an input coupling, an input torque and speed sensor, a measured speed reducer, a second mounting disc, a measured speed reducer mounting support, an output coupling, an output torque and speed sensor, an output connecting disc, a third mounting disc, a speed-up gear box support, a speed-up gear box, a flywheel, a fourth mounting disc, a flywheel support, a flywheel coupling, two sensor supports, a base and a control console. The motor support, the measured speed reducer support, the speed-up gear box support, the flywheel support and the two sensor supports are fixedly installed on the upper end of the base; the motor is connected to the motor support through the first mounting disc, the measured speed reducer is connected to the measured speed reducer support through the second mounting disc, the speed-up gear box is connected to the speed-up gear box support through the third mounting disc, and the flywheel is connected to the flywheel support through the fourth mounting disc; the input coupling is connected between the power input ends of the motor and the measured speed reducer, the output coupling is connected between the power output end of the measured speed reducer and the power input end of the speed-up gear box, and the output coupling is connected to the power input end of the speed-up gear box through the output connecting disc; one end of the central shaft of the flywheel is connected to the power output end of the speed-up gear box through the flywheel coupling, and the other end of the central shaft of the flywheel is rotatably supported in the central hole of the fourth mounting disc. The input torque and speed sensor and the output torque and speed sensor are respectively connected to the input coupling and the output coupling; the debugging box is used for outputting control instructions to realize accurate control of motor speed, current and other parameters; and the control console is integrated with an oscilloscope for measuring real-time running parameters of the motor and simultaneously performing abnormal diagnosis.

2. The reduction gear test bench suitable for fast reversing shock load working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The debugging box is installed on the upper end of the shell of the motor.

3. The reduction gear test bench suitable for fast reversing shock load working conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the base is provided with a T-shaped groove, and the lower ends of the motor support, the measured speed reducer support, the speed-up gear box support, the flywheel support and the two sensor supports are provided with screw through holes; the T-shaped screw and the nut of the connecting screw which are fitted in the screw through holes and the corresponding T-shaped groove are used to realize the fixed connection with the base.

4. A method for testing a quick-reversal impact load working condition by using the testing table of any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The device comprises the following steps: Step 1: Before testing, sequentially connect all components except the flywheel, then control the motor to output a certain speed, torque and running time through the debugging box to test the operation of the measured speed reducer, display the motor running parameters in real time through the oscilloscope, judge whether the speed reducer operates normally by observing the operation of the measured speed reducer and the display instrument values of the control console, and install the flywheel after the operation is normal to prepare for subsequent rapid reversing impact load test; Step 2: control the motor to give a certain speed, torque and running time through the debugging box to drive the measured speed reducer to operate forward at a speed n; Step 3: control the motor to give a certain reverse speed, torque and running time through the debugging box to make the measured speed reducer operate reversely at a speed n within a certain time t, and the flywheel plays a role in simulating impact load; Step 4: repeat step 3 several times until the test is completed, and check the operation performance of the speed reducer.

5. The method of testing for quick reverse shock load operating conditions of claim 4, wherein: In step 3, the simulation impact load calculation process is: according to t and n, the measured reducer angular acceleration β = 2πn / t, unit 1 / s 2 Then T = Jβ = 2πJn / t, T is the impact load, and J is the rotational inertia of the flywheel.

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