Flue gas flow velocity measuring system and method based on sound path self-adaptive ultrasonic transducer

Abstract

The invention provides a flue gas flow velocity measurement system and method based on a sound path self-adaptive ultrasonic transducer, and relates to the technical field of flow velocity measurement. Comprising a multifunctional integrated control box, a sampling probe rod, a flange plate, a fastening bolt, a pitching rolling shaft, a rolling rotating disc, a yaw rotating shaft, a transducer head, an electronic gyroscope, a laser receiver, a laser transmitter and an ultrasonic transducer. The multifunctional integrated control box is connected with the sampling probe rod; the pitching rolling shaft, the rolling rotating disc and the yaw rotating shaft are all fixed on the sampling probe rod; the flange plate and the fastening bolt are used for fixing the sampling probe rod on the wall surface of a flue; the transducer head is connected with the pitching rolling shaft, the rolling rotating disc and the yawing rotating shaft; the electronic gyroscope is connected with the transducer head; the laser receivers and the laser emitters are uniformly distributed on the transducer head at intervals, the laser emitters emit laser, and the laser receivers receive the laser and measure the light intensity of the laser for laser calibration and distance measurement; the ultrasonic transducer is arranged in the middle of the transducer head and generates and receives ultrasonic waves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flow velocity measurement technology, and in particular to a flue gas velocity measurement system and method based on an acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer. Background Technology

[0002] The significance of flue gas velocity measurement based on acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducers lies in focusing on optimizing the method of flue gas ultrasonic velocity measurement. The core is to build a measurement system and provide corresponding methods using acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducers. This technology has important applications in total pollutant control, especially in carbon emission monitoring. However, existing online time-difference ultrasonic flue gas velocity measurement systems have many technical bottlenecks and cannot meet the accurate measurement requirements under complex operating conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a measurement solution with stronger adaptability and higher accuracy.

[0003] Currently, ultrasonic flue gas velocity measurement technologies mainly fall into four categories: First, time-of-flight (TOF) technology, which calculates flow velocity based on the time difference between upstream and downstream sound wave propagation. Multi-channel TOF can reduce flow field errors but is costly. Second, Doppler technology, which uses ultrasonic frequency shift to measure flue gas velocity containing suspended particles or bubbles. Third, single-end TOF technology, which uses a single-end opening for installation, has a low measurement lower limit, and strong anti-interference capabilities. Fourth, through-beam TOF technology, which allows for customized multi-channel installation, offers high accuracy, and is suitable for large-size flues and high-turbulence conditions. Among these, the TOF method is the most widely used due to its simple principle and high accuracy. Multi-channel TOF technology improves measurement accuracy by weighted integration of multi-channel flow velocities. Common acoustic path arrangements include planar chordal, cross-chordal, and network arrangements.

[0004] However, the existing solution has a core flaw: the acoustic path tilt angle and path length depend on the installation location and require manual input, making them susceptible to factors such as installation accuracy and flue vibration, resulting in difficulty in parameter acquisition and large errors. Furthermore, because the transducer arrangement is fixed after installation and commissioning, it cannot adapt to frequent changes in the flue gas flow field, thus affecting measurement accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a flue gas velocity measurement method based on an acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer. This method solves the problems of existing technologies, such as the acoustic path tilt angle and path length requiring manual input due to their dependence on installation position, susceptibility to installation accuracy and flue vibration, leading to difficulties in parameter acquisition and large errors. Furthermore, the fixed transducer arrangement after installation and commissioning cannot adapt to frequent changes in the flue gas field, thus affecting measurement accuracy.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flue gas velocity measurement system based on an acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer, comprising: a multi-functional integrated control box, a sampling probe, a flange, fastening bolts, a pitch roller, a roll turntable, a yaw shaft, a transducer head, an electronic gyroscope, a laser receiver, a laser transmitter, and an ultrasonic transducer.

[0007] The multi-functional integrated control box is connected to the sampling probe.

[0008] The pitch roller, the roll turntable, and the yaw roller are all fixed to the sampling probe.

[0009] The flange and the fastening bolts are used to fix the sampling probe to the flue wall.

[0010] The transducer head is connected to the pitch roller, the roll turntable, and the yaw shaft.

[0011] The electronic gyroscope is connected to the transducer head to detect the pitch angle, yaw angle, and roll angle of the transducer head.

[0012] The laser receiver and the laser emitter are evenly spaced on the transducer head. The laser emitter emits laser light, and the laser receiver receives the laser light and measures its intensity for laser calibration and distance measurement.

[0013] The ultrasonic transducer is located in the middle of the transducer head, generating and receiving ultrasonic waves.

[0014] A second aspect of this invention provides a method for measuring flue gas velocity based on an acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer, comprising: S1: Obtain the directional angular coordinates of the transducer pair.

[0015] S2: Combine the laser emitter and the acoustic path tilt angle self-determination algorithm to measure the spatial correlation data of different transducers for the configuration.

[0016] S3: Calculate the average flue gas line velocity for each of the transducer pairs under the configuration based on the spatial correlation data.

[0017] S4: Using the sound path length as the weighting weight of the corresponding flue gas velocity, calculate the weighted average flue gas velocity for each flue gas velocity.

[0018] S5: Calculate the standard deviation of flue gas velocity by combining the flue gas velocity and the weighted average flue gas velocity. If the standard deviation of flue gas velocity is less than the preset standard deviation of flue gas velocity, output the weighted average flue gas velocity as the flue gas velocity measurement result. Otherwise, adjust the transducer configuration and return to step S1.

[0019] A third aspect of the present invention provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the flue gas velocity measurement method based on an acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer as described in the second aspect.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following: In this embodiment of the invention, a transducer with an embedded electronic gyroscope is used to realize the spatial attitude sensing capability of the transducer head, thereby enabling accurate and rapid acquisition of spatial parameters. Simultaneously, rapid configuration of the transducer head allows for the measurement of each acoustic path in different measurement arrays, obtaining acoustic path velocity distributions in different dimensions. This facilitates acoustic path velocity uniformity evaluation and analysis, as well as the optimal selection of measurement arrays, improving measurement accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ultrasonic transducer based on an acoustic path adaptive transducer provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a flue gas velocity measurement method based on an acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic transducer flue gas velocity measurement system based on an acoustic path adaptive transducer provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Multi-functional integrated control box; 2-Sampling probe; 3-Flange and fastening bolts; 4-Pitch roller; 5-Roll turntable; 6-Yaw shaft; 7-Transducer head; 8-Electronic gyroscope; 9-Laser transmitter; 10-Laser receiver; 11-Ultrasonic transducer. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The flue gas velocity measurement method based on an acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0028] Reference manual attached Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of an ultrasonic transducer based on an acoustic path adaptive transducer provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] This invention provides a flue gas velocity measurement system based on an acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer, comprising: a multi-functional integrated control box 1, a sampling probe 2, a flange and fastening bolts 3, a pitch roller 4, a roll turntable 5, a yaw shaft 6, a transducer head 7, an electronic gyroscope 8, a laser receiver 9, a laser transmitter 10, and an ultrasonic transducer 11.

[0030] Among them, the multi-functional integrated control box 1 refers to an integrated control unit that integrates a gas supply module, a power drive module, a timing module, a signal processing module, and a communication module. The sampling probe 2 is an important component supporting and connecting the various components of the transducer. It contains channels for circuits, gas paths, and control circuits. The sampling probe 2 needs suitable strength and corrosion resistance to adapt to various flue gases and testing environments. It is a hollow, rigid rod-shaped component, with one end fixed to the flue wall via a flange and the other end extending into the flue. The flange is a ring-shaped connecting component with bolt holes, usually matching the pre-drilled mounting holes in the flue wall. Fastening bolts are standardized threaded fasteners, including nuts and washers. The pitch roller 4 is a shaft-shaped transmission component installed between the end of the sampling probe 2 and the transducer head 7, arranged along the vertical deflection direction of the transducer. The rotating disc 5 is a ring-shaped rotating component fitted onto the bottom of the pitch roller 4 or the transducer head 7, arranged along the transducer's own axis. The yaw shaft 6 refers to the shaft-shaped transmission component installed between the sampling probe 2 and the pitch roller 4, arranged along the left and right yaw direction of the transducer. The transducer head 7 refers to an integrated head component that incorporates the ultrasonic transducer 11, laser emitter 10, laser receiver 9, and electronic gyroscope 8, installed at the end of the pitch roller 4 or the roll disk 5, extending into the flue. The electronic gyroscope 8 refers to a miniature attitude sensor integrated inside the transducer head 7. The laser receiver 9 refers to a photoelectric sensing element installed on the surface of the transducer head 7. The laser emitter 10 refers to a laser emitting element installed on the surface of the transducer head 7. The ultrasonic transducer 11 refers to an ultrasonic wave generating and receiving device; the core acoustic components integrated inside the transducer head 7 are used in pairs, arranged either in the forward or reverse direction, enabling switching between ultrasonic wave transmission and reception.

[0031] The multi-functional integrated control box 1 is connected to the sampling probe 2.

[0032] Specifically, the multi-functional integrated control box 1 includes: a gas supply system, a power system, a timing system, a signal receiving and processing system, and a centralized control system.

[0033] It should be noted that the multi-functional integrated control box 1 is connected to the sampling probe 2, and the integrated collaborative design solves the pain points of traditional measurement systems such as transmission interference, control delay, and complex maintenance.

[0034] The pitch roller 4, the roll turntable 5, and the yaw roller 6 are all fixed on the sampling probe 2.

[0035] It should be noted that the pitch roller 4, roll turntable 5 and yaw roller 6 are all fixed on the sampling probe 2. The core is to solve the problems of attitude deviation, coordination failure and weak anti-interference ability caused by traditional decentralized installation by integrating the attitude adjustment components with the carrier.

[0036] The flange and the fastening bolts are used to fix the sampling probe 2 to the flue wall.

[0037] It should be noted that fixing the sampling probe 2 with a flange and fastening bolts 3 can prevent flue gas leakage, resist flue vibration, and ensure measurement stability.

[0038] The transducer head 7 is connected to the pitch roller 4, the roll turntable 5, and the yaw shaft 6.

[0039] Specifically, the pitch roller 4 enables the transducer head 7 to deflect on the pitch plane, the roll turntable 5 enables the transducer head 7 to roll around the axis, the yaw shaft 6 enables the transducer head 7 to deflect on the yaw plane, and the transducer head 7 integrates components such as a laser emitter 10, a laser receiver 9, and an electronic gyroscope 8.

[0040] It should be noted that the transducer head 7, through its connection with three components, can flexibly adjust pitch, roll, and yaw angles to cover all directions of attitude, thus solving the problem of traditional transducers being fixed and unadjustable.

[0041] The electronic gyroscope 8 is connected to the transducer head 7 and detects the pitch angle, yaw angle and roll angle of the transducer head 7.

[0042] It should be noted that the electronic gyroscope 8 is directly connected to the transducer head 7, which can capture the dynamic changes of pitch angle, yaw angle and roll angle in real time. The measurement accuracy is far superior to manual estimation or fixed parameter input, providing accurate attitude reference data for the self-determination of acoustic path tilt angle and the calculation of line average flow velocity, avoiding flow velocity measurement errors caused by attitude parameter deviations.

[0043] The laser receiver 9 and the laser emitter 10 are evenly spaced on the transducer head 7. The laser emitter 10 emits laser light, and the laser receiver 9 receives the laser light and measures its intensity for laser calibration and distance measurement.

[0044] Specifically, the laser emitter 10 emits a constant-length laser or pulsed laser with a fixed intensity for laser calibration and ranging. Typically, three or more are arranged at even intervals with the laser receiver 9. Infrared lasers are preferred as they are less affected by scattering. The laser receiver 9 receives the laser light and measures its intensity for laser calibration and ranging. Typically, three or more are arranged at even intervals with the laser emitter 10.

[0045] It should be noted that the laser transceiver components are evenly spaced, and the transducer head 7 can emit or receive lasers in all directions when it rotates, avoiding the aiming blind spots of traditional single-point distribution. It can accurately adapt to multi-dimensional attitude adjustments such as pitch and yaw, ensuring that the target transducer can be quickly captured under different flue conditions.

[0046] The ultrasonic transducer 11 is located in the middle of the transducer head 7, generating and receiving ultrasonic waves.

[0047] It should be noted that the ultrasonic transducer 11 is located in the middle of the transducer head 7, away from the surface laser transceiver components, to avoid interference between the laser signal and the ultrasonic signal. This also reduces the direct impact of flue dust and airflow on the ultrasonic probe, lowers signal attenuation, and ensures stable ultrasonic propagation in both directions.

[0048] Reference manual attached Figure 2 The diagram shows a flowchart of a flue gas velocity measurement method based on an acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Reference manual attached Figure 3 The diagram shows a schematic of an ultrasonic transducer flue gas velocity measurement system based on an acoustic path adaptive transducer provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] S1: Obtain the directional angular coordinates of the transducer pair.

[0051] Specifically, the Euler angle coordinates of the transducer are measured using an electronic gyroscope integrated on the transducer. These Euler angle coordinates include pitch angle, yaw angle, and roll angle. Pitch angle... i Counterclockwise is positive, and the range of values ​​is [- π , π Yaw angle i Counterclockwise is positive, and the range of values ​​is [- π , π Roll angle f Counterclockwise is positive, and the range of values ​​is [- π , π Roll angle f This represents the angle of the transducer's rotation along its axis, and is independent of the transducer's direction (i.e., orientation). Therefore, the transducer's direction can be determined by two-dimensional attitude angular coordinates (...). i , ψ It is represented by , and simply called direction angular coordinates ( ). i , ψ ).

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, the pitch, yaw and roll angle coordinates of the transducer pair are obtained in real time and accurately, avoiding the subjective errors and lag of traditional manual parameter input. This provides core reference data for subsequent transducer attitude adjustment, laser calibration configuration and acoustic path tilt angle self-determination, directly supporting the acoustic path adaptive measurement logic and greatly improving the overall measurement accuracy and response efficiency of the system.

[0053] S2: Combine the laser emitter and the acoustic path tilt angle self-determination algorithm to measure the spatial correlation data of different transducers for the configuration.

[0054] Among them, the acoustic path tilt angle self-determination algorithm refers to deriving the acoustic path tilt angle through spatial geometric relationships based on transducer attitude data and preset flow velocity direction parameters.

[0055] Specifically, the spatial data includes acoustic path tilt angle, acoustic path length, flue gas downstream duration, and flue gas upstream duration.

[0056] In one possible implementation, S2 specifically includes sub-steps S201 to S207: S201: Select multiple pairs of transducers in the configuration respectively, and the transducer pairs emit lasers.

[0057] It should be noted that by selecting multiple pairs of transducers and emitting lasers, the foundation for multi-path measurement is laid to improve the representativeness of the sampling. At the same time, the characteristic light intensity can resist the interference of flue dust and ambient light, allowing the laser receiver to accurately identify the target signal and avoid false triggering. It also provides a stable and reliable signal reference for subsequent laser scanning alignment and transducer capture, replacing the inefficient mode of traditional manual alignment and greatly improving the start-up efficiency of the transducer for automatic configuration and the accuracy of signal recognition.

[0058] Furthermore, the start and end points of the laser scan are not limited.

[0059] S202: Based on the electronic gyroscope, the roll angle, pitch angle and yaw angle of the transducer pair are adjusted to the same preset angle by rotating the roll turntable, pitch roll and yaw axis of the transducer, respectively.

[0060] It should be noted that, relying on the high-precision attitude feedback of the electronic gyroscope, the transducer pairs achieve a unified angle reference through three-axis coordinated adjustment, avoiding the subjective errors and reference misalignment problems of manual adjustment. This provides a consistent attitude premise for subsequent laser scanning capture and precise calibration, greatly improving the consistency and efficiency of automatic transducer configuration, and meeting the core requirements of acoustic path adaptive measurement.

[0061] In one possible implementation, S202 specifically includes sub-steps S2021 to S2023: S2021: By rotating the roll turntable and the yaw axis, the roll angle and yaw angle are adjusted to obtain the preset pitch scan angle:

[0062] in, ψ 2 represents the yaw angle of the target transducer in a pair of transducers. f 2 represents the roll angle of the target transducer in a pair of transducers. ψ 1 represents the yaw angle of the reference transducer in a pair of transducers. f 1 represents the roll angle of the reference transducer in a pair of transducers.n This indicates the total number of laser transmitters and laser receivers in a single transducer.

[0063] It should be noted that by precisely adjusting the roll and yaw angles through quantitative formulas, the target transducer and the reference transducer are aligned in opposite directions and evenly distributed, which is suitable for the total number of laser transceiver components and eliminates scanning blind spots. At the same time, relying on the synergy of mechanical adjustment and formulas, errors in manual angle setting are avoided, providing a precise attitude reference for subsequent pitch scanning and greatly improving the efficiency and consistency of transducer acquisition and alignment.

[0064] S2022: By rotating the roll turntable and the pitch roller, the roll angle and pitch angle are adjusted to obtain the preset yaw scan angle:

[0065] in, i 2 represents the pitch angle of the target transducer in a pair of transducers. i 1 represents the pitch angle of the reference transducer in a pair of transducers.

[0066] It should be noted that, relying on the coordinated adjustment of the roll turntable and pitch roller, combined with precise attitude determination using quantization formulas, the target transducer and the reference transducer achieve opposite pitch and uniform roll distribution, thus adapting to... n The laser component eliminates the blind zone of yaw scanning, avoids the subjective error of manual angle setting, provides a precise attitude reference for laser capture in the yaw direction, and greatly improves the consistency of transducer alignment and scanning efficiency, meeting the core requirements of acoustic path adaptive configuration.

[0067] S2023: Adjust the pitch scan preset angle and the yaw scan preset angle to the same preset angle.

[0068] It should be noted that by unifying the preset angles of pitch and yaw scanning to the same reference, we can avoid multi-dimensional attitude misalignment conflicts, ensure that the transducer is consistent with pitch, yaw and roll attitudes, adapt the laser components to be evenly distributed to eliminate scanning blind spots, avoid alignment deviations caused by inconsistent angles, and lay a solid foundation for a unified attitude for subsequent laser to accurately capture target transducers and improve the efficiency and accuracy of automatic configuration.

[0069] In this embodiment of the invention, by using the logic of dimensional quantization of attitude determination and integration of a unified benchmark, and relying on real-time feedback from an electronic gyroscope, the pitch and yaw scans are first precisely adjusted using formulas, and then integrated into the same benchmark. This not only adapts to the number of laser components and flexibly adjusts the roll angle, but also avoids multi-dimensional attitude conflicts. No manual intervention is required throughout the process, which greatly reduces the cumulative error of angle adjustment and provides deviation-free and highly adaptable attitude support for the subsequent high-efficiency laser capture transducer.

[0070] S203: By adjusting the pitch roll or yaw axis of the transducer, the pitch angle or yaw angle is adjusted respectively, and the laser scanning process is performed to emit a laser signal.

[0071] It should be noted that by adjusting the pitch roll or yaw axis individually in different dimensions, attitude interference caused by multi-axis linkage is avoided, allowing the laser scan to accurately focus on the target direction. At the same time, dynamic scanning can expand the alignment coverage area and output laser signals in real time, providing direct feedback for subsequent judgment of the transducer alignment status, significantly improving the flexibility and accuracy of laser capture.

[0072] S204: Determine whether each laser receiver has received the laser signal. If yes, confirm that the transducer has successfully captured the signal and proceed to step S205. Otherwise, change the pitch angle or the yaw angle and return to step S202.

[0073] It should be noted that by judging the laser signal reception status of the laser receiver in real time, the transducer capture status can be accurately identified. If successful, the process is advanced to avoid unnecessary time wastage. If unsuccessful, the process is returned in time to adjust the angle to form a closed loop error correction, ensuring that no alignment opportunity is missed. At the same time, the reliability of the transducer capture result is greatly improved by judging based on actual signals rather than subjective estimates.

[0074] S205: Adjust the pitch roll and yaw axis until the deviation of the laser signal received by the laser receiver is less than the preset laser signal deviation, and then confirm the configuration.

[0075] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can set the magnitude of the preset laser signal deviation according to actual needs, and this invention does not limit this.

[0076] It should be noted that by adjusting the pitch and yaw axes in a closed loop until the light intensity deviation reaches the preset standard, subtle attitude errors in the early stage can be accurately eliminated, ensuring the high reliability of the acoustic path parameters after configuration. It also avoids the bias of subjective human judgment, improves the consistency of configuration of multiple transducers, and lays a solid and accurate foundation for subsequent acoustic path ranging and flow velocity calculation.

[0077] S206: Measure the acoustic path length using the laser emitter and the laser receiver, and check whether the deviation of the acoustic path length is lower than a preset deviation. If yes, confirm that the transducer is successfully configured and proceed to step S207. Otherwise, return to step S205.

[0078] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can set the magnitude of the preset laser signal deviation according to actual needs, and this invention does not limit this.

[0079] It should be noted that by measuring the acoustic path length with laser and verifying the deviation, a double guarantee is formed by adding key parameter verification on the basis of light intensity calibration. If the standard is not met, it returns to the S205 closed-loop adjustment to avoid the distance deviation affecting subsequent calculations and ensure the integrity and accuracy of the transducer configuration.

[0080] S207: The acoustic path tilt angle is calculated by the acoustic path tilt angle self-determination algorithm, and the acoustic path length is measured by laser ranging to obtain the relevant spatial data of the transducer pair.

[0081] Specifically, the formula for the self-determination algorithm of the acoustic path tilt angle is as follows:

[0082]

[0083] in, i 2 represents the pitch angle of the target transducer in a pair of transducers. i 1 represents the pitch angle of the reference transducer in a pair of transducers. ψ 2 represents the yaw angle of the target transducer in a pair of transducers. ψ 1 represents the yaw angle of the reference transducer in a pair of transducers. α Indicates the angle between the sound path and the direction of the flue gas velocity. i 0 represents the pitch angle in the direction of the flue gas velocity. ψ 0 represents the yaw angle in the direction of the flue gas velocity. arccos This represents the inverse cosine function.

[0084] Furthermore, during operation, after the transducers are aligned, the angular coordinates of the transducer orientation along the flow direction can be recorded. i 1 , ψ 1) and the preset flue gas velocity direction angular coordinates ( i 0 ,ψ After 0), the acoustic path tilt angle was calculated to be α .

[0085] It should be noted that by integrating the acoustic path tilt angle self-determination algorithm with laser ranging, the acoustic path tilt angle and acoustic path length can be obtained simultaneously and automatically without manual intervention. This ensures the synchronization and accuracy of multi-dimensional data and provides complete basic data for the calculation of core parameters such as flue gas velocity, greatly improving the efficiency and reliability of the transducer in acquiring spatially relevant data.

[0086] In this embodiment of the invention, the transducer is configured with full-process automated logic. The accuracy is controlled layer by layer through the "adjustment-verification-feedback" closed-loop mechanism. It also links multiple systems to achieve collaborative data acquisition. This not only completely avoids errors caused by human intervention, but also ensures the high reliability of the configuration results and basic data, thus providing a complete process support for the accurate calculation of subsequent flue gas parameters.

[0087] S3: Calculate the average flue gas line velocity for each of the transducer pairs under the configuration based on the spatial correlation data.

[0088] like Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic transducer flue gas velocity measurement system based on an acoustic path adaptive transducer. Specifically, multiple transducer pairs are configured to obtain different multi-acoustic path measurement arrays.

[0089] For example, multiple transducer pairs, after configuration, result in a multi-path measurement array combination, such as... Figure 3 The AF, BE, CD, and HG combination shown is reconfigured by adjusting the transducer head direction to switch to the multi-path measurement array combination two, as shown. Figure 3 The AB, CH, DG, and EF combinations shown are not limited to the two examples; other combinations are also within the scope of this patent.

[0090] Specifically, after the transducer is successfully configured, the acoustic path tilt angle is obtained through the acoustic path tilt angle self-determination algorithm. The laser emitter emits divergent pulsed laser light, which is received by the laser receiver. The acoustic path length is obtained through laser ranging. The laser emitter of the transducer arranged in the downstream direction emits pulsed laser light, which is captured by the laser receiver of the transducer arranged in the upstream direction. The downstream time is calculated through the timing system, and vice versa.

[0091] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the average velocity of the flue gas line is:

[0092] in, v This represents the average velocity of the flue gas line. L Indicates the length of the sound path. t 1 indicates the duration of flue gas flow. t 2 indicates the duration of flue gas backflow. α Indicates the acoustic path inclination angle.

[0093] In this embodiment of the invention, relying on the precise data such as acoustic path tilt angle, acoustic path length, and upstream and downstream flow times obtained from the configuration of the preceding transducer, the average flue gas velocity is calculated using a scientific time-difference method formula. No additional manual parameter supplementation is required, achieving seamless linkage between data and calculation. This avoids errors caused by manual calculation and parameter input, and ensures that the velocity calculation logic conforms to the actual measurement principle, significantly improving the accuracy and calculation efficiency of the average flue gas velocity results.

[0094] S4: Using the sound path length as the weighting weight of the corresponding flue gas velocity, calculate the weighted average flue gas velocity for each flue gas velocity.

[0095] Specifically, the formula for calculating the weighted average velocity of flue gas is:

[0096] in, This represents the weighted average flow velocity. v i Indicates the velocity of each flue gas stream. L i This represents the length of each acoustic path, and N is the number of transducer pairs successfully configured.

[0097] In this embodiment of the invention, the weighted average velocity of the flue gas is calculated using the acoustic path length as the weighting factor. This approach accurately reflects the differences in the representativeness of velocity measurements across different acoustic paths, and is more consistent with the actual flow field than a simple arithmetic average. Furthermore, it directly utilizes the precisely obtained data from the preceding steps. v i and L i The data, without the need for additional subjective weighting, has an objective and rigorous calculation logic, which can more realistically reflect the overall flue gas velocity and greatly improve the scientificity and reliability of the final velocity results.

[0098] S5: Calculate the standard deviation of flue gas velocity by combining the flue gas velocity and the weighted average flue gas velocity. If the standard deviation of flue gas velocity is less than the preset standard deviation of flue gas velocity, output the weighted average flue gas velocity as the flue gas velocity measurement result. Otherwise, adjust the transducer configuration and return to step S1.

[0099] Specifically, if the standard deviation of the flue gas velocity is less than the preset standard deviation of the flue gas velocity, it is considered that the flow field uniformity in this dimension is poor, and the average flow velocity of the multi-path measurement array is not suitable for use as flow monitoring.

[0100] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can set the magnitude of the preset flue gas velocity standard deviation according to actual needs, and this invention does not limit this.

[0101] In this embodiment of the invention, by calculating the standard deviation of flue gas velocity to verify the data dispersion, measurement results with insufficient stability can be accurately screened out. If the result is qualified, a scientific weighted average flow rate is output; if the result is unqualified, a closed-loop adjustment is triggered to return to S1. This not only avoids unreliable data from misleading subsequent applications, but also ensures the accuracy and stability of the final measurement results through secondary configuration.

[0102] This invention provides a readable storage medium comprising: storing a program or instructions on the readable storage medium, wherein when the program or instructions are executed by a processor, the program or instructions implement the steps of the above-described flue gas velocity measurement method based on an acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, this invention will not elaborate further.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flue gas flow rate measurement system based on acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducers, a flue being arranged with a plurality of pairs of transducer pairs, a acoustic path being formed between each pair of the transducer pairs and a laser emitter being arranged on each of the pairs of the transducer pairs, characterized in that, The multifunctional integrated control box, the sampling probe, the flange, the fastening bolt, the pitch roll axis, the roll turntable, the yaw turn axis, the transducer head, the electronic gyroscope, the laser receiver, the laser transmitter and the ultrasonic transducer are included. The multifunctional integrated control box is connected with the sampling probe. The pitch roll axis, the roll turntable and the yaw turn axis are fixed on the sampling probe. The flange and the fastening bolt are used for fixing the sampling probe on the flue wall surface. The transducer head is connected with the pitch roll axis, the roll turntable and the yaw turn axis. The electronic gyroscope is connected with the transducer head and is used for detecting the pitch angle, the yaw angle and the roll angle of the transducer head. The laser transmitter emits laser and the laser receiver receives the laser and measures the light intensity of the laser, so as to realize laser calibration and distance measurement. The ultrasonic transducer is arranged in the middle of the transducer head and generates and receives ultrasonic waves. The multifunctional integrated control box includes a gas supply system, a power system, a time system, a signal receiving and processing system and a centralized control system.

2. The acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer based flue gas flow rate measurement system of claim 1, wherein, The method is applied to the flue gas flow rate measuring system in any one of claims 1 to 2.

3. A method of measuring the velocity of a flow of flue gas based on an acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer, characterized in that, S1: obtaining the directional angle coordinates of the transducer pairs; S2: combining the laser transmitter and the acoustic path inclination self-measuring algorithm, measuring the spatial correlation data of different transducer pair configurations; S3: based on the spatial correlation data, calculating the average flue gas line flow rate under each transducer pair configuration; S4: taking the acoustic path length as the weighting weight of the corresponding flue gas flow rate, calculating the flue gas weighted average flow rate of each flue gas flow rate; S5: combining the average flue gas line flow rate and the flue gas weighted average flow rate, calculating the flue gas flow rate standard deviation, and in the case that the flue gas flow rate standard deviation is less than the preset flue gas flow rate standard deviation, taking the flue gas weighted average flow rate as the flue gas flow rate measurement result output; otherwise, adjusting the transducer pair configuration and returning to step S1. The S2 specifically includes:

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer is configured to emit a frequency of 40 kHz to 60 kHz. S201: selecting the transducer pairs of the configuration respectively and emitting laser; S202: based on the electronic gyroscope, adjusting the roll angle, the pitch angle and the yaw angle of the transducer pairs to the same preset angle respectively through the roll turntable, the pitch roll axis and the yaw turn axis of the transducer; S203: adjusting the pitch angle or the yaw angle respectively through the pitch roll axis or the yaw turn axis of the transducer, performing the laser scanning processing and obtaining the laser signal; S204: judging whether each laser receiver receives the laser signal; if yes, confirming that the transducer captures successfully and entering step S205; otherwise, changing the pitch angle or the yaw angle and returning to step S202; S205: adjusting the pitch roll axis and the yaw turn axis until the deviation of the laser signal received by the laser receiver is less than the preset laser signal deviation, and performing configuration confirmation. ​ S206: measuring the sound path length by the laser emitter and the laser receiver, detecting whether the deviation of the sound path length is lower than a preset deviation; if yes, confirming that the transducer is successfully configured, entering step S207; otherwise, returning to step S205; S207: obtaining spatial correlation data by a sound path angle self-determination algorithm, laser measurement of the sound path length, and a time service system.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer is configured to emit a frequency of 40 kHz to 60 kHz. The S202 specifically comprises: S2021: adjusting the roll angle and the yaw angle by the rotating roll dial and the yaw shaft, obtaining a preset angle of the pitch scan: ； wherein, S2022: adjusting the roll angle and the pitch angle by the rotating roll dial and the pitch shaft, obtaining a preset angle of the yaw scan: 2 represents a yaw angle of a target transducer in a pair of transducers, S2023: adjusting the preset angle of the pitch scan and the preset angle of the yaw scan to the same preset angle. 2 represents a roll angle of a target transducer in a pair of transducers, The formula of the sound path angle self-determination algorithm is: 1 represents a yaw angle of a reference transducer in a pair of transducers, The spatial correlation data comprises a sound path angle, a sound path length, a flue gas following flow time length, and a flue gas reverse flow time length. 1 represents a roll angle of a reference transducer in a pair of transducers, n represents the total number of laser emitters and laser receivers of a single transducer; The calculation formula of the flue gas linear average flow speed is: ； wherein, The calculation formula of the flue gas weighted average flow speed is: 2 represents the pitch angle of the target transducer in the pair of transducers, The readable storage medium stores programs or instructions, and the programs or instructions are executed by the processor to realize the steps of the flue gas flow speed measurement method based on the sound path self-adaptive ultrasonic transducer according to any one of claims 3 to 9. 1 represents the pitch angle of the reference transducer in the pair of transducers; ​ 6. The method of claim 4, wherein the acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer is configured to emit a frequency of 40 kHz to 60 kHz. ​ ； ； wherein ​ 2 denotes the pitch angle of the target transducer in the pair of transducers, ​ 1 denotes the pitch angle of the reference transducer in the pair of transducers, ​ 2 denotes the yaw angle of the target transducer in the pair of transducers, ​ 1 denotes the yaw angle of the reference transducer in the pair of transducers, α denotes the angle between the sound path and the direction of the flue gas flow, i.e. the sound path inclination, ​ 0 denotes the pitch angle of the direction of the flue gas flow, ​ 0 denotes the yaw angle of the direction of the flue gas flow, ​ denotes the arccosine function.

7. The method of claim 3, wherein the acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer is configured to emit a frequency of 40 kHz to 60 kHz. ​ 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer is configured to emit a frequency of 40 kHz to 60 kHz. ​ ； wherein, v represents the average flow velocity of the flue gas line, L represents the sound path length, t 1 represents the flue gas flow time, t 2 represents the flue gas counter flow time, α represents the angle between the sound path and the flue gas flow direction.

9. The method of claim 3, wherein the acoustic path adaptive ultrasonic transducer based flue gas flow rate measurement method further comprises: ​ ； wherein, represents the weighted average flow rate, v i represents the individual flue gas flow rate, L i represents the individual sound path length, and N is the number of transducer pairs in the configuration.

10. A readable storage medium, characterized by, ​

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