Method and system for reducing color coordinate y value of diaphragm

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for reducing a diaphragm chromaticity coordinate y value, and belongs to the field of optical films. In order to solve the problem that an existing inverse prism brightness enhancement film is poor in color optical performance, the method for reducing the value of the color coordinate y of the diaphragm comprises the steps that a microprism structure is formed on the surface of a base material, and a film material is obtained; carrying out secondary UV curing on the membrane material, and then carrying out blue light irradiation on the membrane material to finally obtain a membrane; wherein the irradiation energy of the pre-UV curing is less than the irradiation energy of the main UV curing; the time of blue light irradiation in the step S4 is not longer than 3 minutes, the blue light illumination intensity of the blue light irradiation is 4500-5500 Lux, and the wave band of the blue light irradiation is 430-470 nm. The blue light irradiation step is added in the diaphragm production process, the chromaticity coordinate y value of the diaphragm is reduced on line, the brightness of the diaphragm in a blue light complete machine is improved, and the aging loss time and the occupied site cost after cutting are reduced; and additional loss caused by contact of personnel with the sheet during aging of the sheet is avoided, and the yield of the diaphragm is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical film technology, and more specifically, relates to a method and system for reducing the y-value of the color coordinate of a film. Background Technology

[0002] With the popularization and development of TFT-LCD liquid crystal display technology, its core technology (TFT array) has been inherited by newer display technologies. Among them, Mini-LED improves the contrast and brightness of the LCD screen from the backlight side, making the overall performance better. The most common Mini-LED module architecture is brightness enhancement film + QD film + MiniLED backlight. Its characteristic is that it uses blue MiniLED to excite quantum dots to produce highly pure red and green light, thereby obtaining a wider color gamut and more vivid colors. It is then matched with a high-performance brightness enhancement film (film assembly) to further improve light utilization and viewing angle. Among the brightness enhancement films (film assemblies), there is a reverse prism brightness enhancement film, which is used to further reflect the light from the MiniLED to improve the brightness of the LCD backlight module. Currently, conventionally produced reverse prism brightness enhancement films have resins that absorb a significant amount of blue light (approximately 400-500nm), which reduces the overall brightness of Mini-LED architectures. Furthermore, the difference in luminous efficacy between these reverse prism brightness enhancement films and ordinary white LED architectures is not significant. There are currently two approaches to changing the blue light absorption of these reverse prism brightness enhancement films: one is to change the resin formula to create a new resin specifically designed to counteract blue light, but this approach is costly and time-consuming to develop; the other is to perform blue light aging on the molded film to change the film's color coordinates and thus the brightness of the film assembly. This method involves first cutting the film into sheets of the appropriate size and then performing blue light aging on the sheets in batches. However, aging after cutting the finished roll material increases the time and space costs considerably, and the handling of the sheets by operators also causes additional damage.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent application number CN202211593808.6, published on April 4, 2023, discloses a mixture for adjusting the color coordinates of an optical film, an adjustment method, and an optical film. The mixture contains the following components in parts by weight: 3 8 parts by weight of high-transparency dye, 150 200 parts by weight of UV adhesive, 35 45 parts by weight of diluent, 4 The mixture comprises 6 parts by weight of quantum dot adhesive, wherein the high-transmittance dye is a transparent dye with a transmittance >90%. However, the drawback of this patent is that although adding a high-transmittance dye to compensate for the color coordinates can quickly bring the yellowish white light back to the standard white coordinates in the short term, it has disadvantages in terms of material stability and optical efficiency.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent application number CN202422277806.7, published on September 30, 2025, discloses a high-stiffness quantum dot diffusion film, belonging to the field of display device technology. The high-stiffness quantum dot diffusion film includes a quantum dot adhesive layer and a composite functional layer symmetrically bonded to both sides of the quantum dot adhesive layer; the composite functional layer includes an extruded PET diffusion film layer and a barrier layer deposited on the extruded PET diffusion film layer; one side of the barrier layer of the composite functional layer is bonded and fixed to the quantum dot adhesive layer. The shortcomings of this patent are: uniformly dispersing quantum dots in the adhesive layer and precisely controlling the thickness is technically challenging; any fluctuations will cause color spots or uneven brightness on the screen. Summary of the Invention

[0005] 1. The problem to be solved To address the problem of poor optical performance of existing reverse prism brightening films, this invention provides a method and system for reducing the y-value of the film's color coordinates. This invention incorporates a blue light irradiation step during film production to reduce the y-value of the film's color coordinates online, thereby increasing the film's brightness in the blue light system and reducing the time and space costs associated with aging after cutting. Furthermore, it avoids additional losses caused by personnel contact with the film during aging, thus improving the film yield.

[0006] 2. Technical Solution To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] A method for reducing the y-value of a diaphragm color coordinate includes the following steps: S1: A microprism structure is formed on the surface of a substrate to obtain a film material; S2: Pre-UV curing of the membrane material; S3: The membrane material is then subjected to main UV curing after pre-UV curing; S4: After the main UV curing, the membrane material is then irradiated with blue light to finally obtain the membrane sheet; In this process, the irradiation energy of the pre-UV curing is less than that of the main UV curing; and the blue light irradiation time in step S4 does not exceed 3 minutes, the blue light illuminance of the blue light irradiation is 4500~5500 Lux, and the blue light irradiation wavelength is 430~470nm.

[0008] Furthermore, step S1 includes the following steps: S11: The silicone pre-coating roller rotates in a tank containing liquid acrylic UV-curing resin, so that the surface of the silicone pre-coating roller picks up and carries the resin. S12: A silicone pre-coating roller dipped in resin contacts and rolls with the rotating surface of the master mold, so that the resin is applied to the entire surface of the master mold; wherein the surface of the master mold is provided with a microprism structure. S13: The master mold is bonded to the substrate, and the resin and microprism structure on the master mold are transferred to the substrate to obtain the film material.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S11, the hardness of the silicone pre-coating roller is Shore D 20 to 35 degrees, and the surface roughness Ra is less than 0.2 micrometers; in step S13, the master mold and the substrate are bonded together by a pressure roller, the linear pressure applied by the pressure roller is 10~50 N / cm, and the bonding speed is 0.5~5 m / min.

[0010] Furthermore, the pre-UV curing operation in step S2 is as follows: the back of the film material is irradiated with a metal lamp with an energy of 400±50mJ for 8~12 seconds; the main UV curing operation in step S3 is as follows: the front of the film material is irradiated with a metal lamp with an energy of 1000±100mJ for 8~12 seconds; wherein the back of the film material is the surface without the microprism structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific method for blue light irradiation in step S4 is as follows: blue light is applied to both the front and back sides of the film material simultaneously, and the temperature is kept below 50°C during blue light irradiation.

[0012] A system for reducing the y-value of a diaphragm color coordinate as described in any of the above technical solutions includes the following components arranged sequentially: Unwinding unit: Performs the unwinding operation of the substrate; Transfer unit: Performs the operation of forming a microprism structure on the surface of the substrate to obtain a film material; Pre-UV curing unit: Performs pre-UV curing operation on the film material; Main UV curing unit: Performs main UV curing operation on the film material; Blue light aging unit: Performs blue light irradiation on the membrane material; Rewinding unit: Performs the rewinding operation on the membrane material.

[0013] Furthermore, the transfer unit includes a pre-coating liquid tank area and a transfer area. The pre-coating liquid tank area includes a liquid tank containing liquid acrylic UV-curable resin; and a silicone pre-coating roller, which rotates in the liquid tank to pick up and carry the resin on its surface. The transfer area includes a rotating master mold with a microprism structure on its surface. A silicone pre-coating roller dipped in resin contacts and rolls with the rotating master mold surface, so that the resin is applied to the entire surface of the master mold.

[0014] Furthermore, the pre-UV curing unit is located in the transfer area, so that a pre-UV curing operation is performed on the back side of the film immediately after the transfer is completed.

[0015] 3. Beneficial effects (1) By introducing a blue light irradiation step during the film forming process, this invention can actively induce and complete a specific photochemical reaction of the film's optical material, thereby reducing the chromaticity coordinate y-value of the film online and in a directional manner. This allows the optical properties of the film to be precisely fine-tuned to the target range, ensuring its brightness matching and color performance in the blue backlight system, thus improving product quality and consistency from the source. At the same time, since blue light irradiation is performed before the film is rolled up, there is no need for centralized cutting, aging, handling, and stacking, which minimizes the contact, friction, and contamination opportunities of production personnel on the film surface, effectively avoiding additional losses such as scratches, indentations, and dirt, and improving the film yield. Furthermore, the film forming process is assisted by two UV curing processes. Pre-UV curing ensures high-fidelity transfer and initial adhesion of the microprism structure from the master mold to the substrate. The main UV curing fully cross-links the resin, achieving the final mechanical strength and adhesion. Overall, it achieves excellent optical performance while ensuring good mechanical properties. (2) In this invention, the microprism structure is formed by continuous roller-to-roll liquid transfer. The silicone pre-coating roller is used to achieve uniform coating of liquid resin, ensuring that the resin completely fills the microstructure of the master mold and can completely wet the interior of the microstructure, thus playing the role of pre-coating. Subsequently, through precise pressing and pre-curing, the microprism structure is completely transferred to the flexible substrate and a preliminary bond is formed, which effectively solves the problems of low efficiency, inconsistent precision and low yield in the production of large-area microstructure optical films. At the same time, the physical properties of the silicone pre-coating roller are limited to ensure that the resin can be transferred to the surface of the master mold evenly and flatly. The mechanical properties of the pressure roller are limited to achieve high-quality transfer and bonding, ensuring that the resin and the microprism structure can be transferred to the substrate completely and with high structural fidelity, laying a good foundation for subsequent processes. (3) By simultaneously irradiating the front and back sides of the film material with blue light, the present invention ensures that the film material is uniformly and fully photostabilized in the thickness direction, avoiding the difference in internal and external performance gradients that may be caused by single-sided irradiation, and can effectively improve the blue light aging efficiency; at the same time, the temperature of the irradiation process is strictly controlled below 50°C, which effectively prevents substrate deformation, microstructure thermal relaxation and thermal decay of photosensitive materials. While efficiently reducing the chromatic coordinate y value, the precision optical structure and function of the film material are fully preserved, thereby ensuring the safety of the film's appearance and performance. (4) The system of the present invention integrates multiple discrete processes such as transfer printing, pre-curing, main curing and blue light treatment into a seamless continuous production line, which improves work efficiency and ensures production quality. At the same time, the blue light treatment is integrated on the production line, which realizes the reduction of the color coordinate y value of the film online, thereby improving the brightness of the film in the blue light machine and reducing the time and space cost of aging after cutting. The whole system has a simple structure and is easy to implement. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the blue light panel in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0018] A method for reducing the y-value of a diaphragm color coordinate includes the following steps: S1: A microprism structure is formed on the surface of a substrate to obtain a film material; S2: Pre-UV curing of the membrane material; S3: The membrane material is then subjected to main UV curing after pre-UV curing; S4: After the main UV curing, the membrane material is then irradiated with blue light to finally obtain the membrane sheet; In this process, the irradiation energy of the pre-UV curing is less than that of the main UV curing; and the blue light irradiation time in step S4 does not exceed 3 minutes, the blue light illuminance of the blue light irradiation is 4500~5500 Lux, and the blue light irradiation wavelength is 430~470nm.

[0019] In this embodiment, it is worth noting that the principle of irradiating the film material with blue light is to "photobleach" the chemical residues of photoinitiators in the resin using the blue light band. Free radical photoinitiators (such as benzophenone BP, TPO, 819, etc.) absorb UV light and undergo cleavage or hydrogen abstraction reactions, generating free radicals to initiate polymerization. In the presence of oxygen or under insufficient curing conditions, these form stable intermediates or byproducts with conjugated structures (such as quinones and anthraquinones). The photon energy of blue light can be absorbed by these yellow chromophores (quinones, etc.). After absorbing energy, these originally stable colored structures undergo further photochemical reactions (such as ring opening, bond breaking, and isomerization), decomposing into smaller, colorless molecules that do not absorb in the visible light region. Blue light can also activate residual, long-wavelength-sensitive photoinitiators or active monomers in the coating, enabling "post-curing" and consuming the precursor substances that produce the yellow color. The blue light irradiation time is limited to no more than three minutes because the changes in chromatic coordinates and brightness are relatively stable within the first 3 minutes of blue light aging. From 3 minutes onwards, the changes in chromatic coordinates and brightness begin to decrease, and by around 30 minutes, these changes tend to level off. Between 30 and 90 minutes, the film brightness remains essentially constant. Therefore, considering the production speed and the length of the blue light aging line, the optimal blue light irradiation time is currently 1-3 minutes. Furthermore, the inventors conducted experiments and found that when the blue light illuminance is 50,000 Lux, the change in the chromatic coordinate y of the film within the entire machine is [missing information]. With y≈-0.0002~-0.0005, the overall brightness of the device increases by about 1%~2%. The color coordinate y value can be precisely adjusted according to the above rules.

[0020] More importantly, this embodiment introduces a blue light irradiation step into the film production process. The final film is formed after blue light irradiation. This design achieves online and targeted reduction of the film's chromaticity coordinate y-value, allowing the film's optical characteristics to be adjusted to the target range. This ensures its brightness matching and color performance in the blue backlight system, improving product quality and consistency from the source. Compared to previous technologies that required cutting the finished product and placing it for several hours to several days for "blue light aging" testing, which seriously occupied space, extended delivery cycles, and increased work-in-process inventory, integrating blue light irradiation into the production process significantly reduces the time and dedicated space costs required for post-cutting aging, resulting in a significant increase in production efficiency and a reduction in costs. At the same time, since the film has already undergone performance stabilization before winding, there is no need for centralized post-cutting aging handling and stacking. This minimizes the opportunities for production personnel to contact, rub, and contaminate the film surface, effectively avoiding additional losses such as scratches, indentations, and dirt. This significantly improves the film yield.

[0021] In addition, two additional UV curing steps are used. Pre-UV curing ensures high-fidelity transfer and initial adhesion of the microprism structure from the master mold to the PET substrate; while main UV curing allows the resin to fully cross-link, achieving the final mechanical strength and adhesion, ensuring that the mechanical properties of the film meet the application requirements.

[0022] The entire method is simple to operate and can reduce the y-value of the color coordinate of the inverse prism brightening film online, thereby improving the overall brightness of the Mini-LED. It is also easy to implement and suitable for large-scale applications.

[0023] In one specific embodiment, step S1 includes the following steps: S11: The silicone pre-coating roller rotates in a liquid tank containing liquid acrylic UV-curing resin, so that the surface of the silicone pre-coating roller picks up and carries the resin; specifically, in step S11, the hardness of the silicone pre-coating roller is Shore D 20 to 35 degrees and the surface roughness Ra is less than 0.2 micrometers. Step S11 mainly achieves quantitative and uniform carrying of liquid resin on the silicone pre-coating roller; through the elasticity and delicate surface of the silicone pre-coating roller, a resin liquid film with controllable thickness and uniformity can be formed on the surface by immersion in the liquid tank; therefore, the physical properties of the silicone pre-coating roller are limited to ensure that the resin can be transferred evenly and smoothly to the surface of the master mold. S12: A silicone pre-coating roller dipped in resin contacts and rolls with the rotating surface of the master mold, so that the resin is applied to the entire surface of the master mold; wherein the surface of the master mold is provided with a microprism structure. Step S12 mainly involves the resin completely and without defects filling the microstructure of the master mold; the rolling coating can avoid the streaks that may be generated by brushing, ensuring that the entire mold surface is uniformly covered by resin; under the action of rolling pressure and the fluidity of the resin itself, the liquid resin can be squeezed into and completely fill every tiny prism groove on the master mold, and air is expelled, so as to obtain a high-fidelity transfer structure. S13: The master mold and the substrate are bonded together, and the resin and microprism structure on the master mold are transferred to the substrate to obtain a film material; specifically, the master mold and the substrate are bonded together by a pressure roller, and the linear pressure applied by the pressure roller is 10~50 N / cm, and the bonding speed is 0.5~5 m / min.

[0024] Step S13 is mainly to completely copy the resin and microprism structure on the master mold onto the substrate to achieve initial bonding. When the resin-coated master mold is bonded to the substrate such as PET under pressure, the microstructure morphology on the surface of the master mold is copied into the resin layer. UV irradiation (pre-curing) is performed in the bonded state so that the resin can chemically bond with the substrate surface while maintaining the structural shape, forming a firm adhesion, laying the foundation for subsequent removal from the master mold and further curing. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the pressure roller are limited to achieve high-quality transfer and bonding, ensuring that the resin and microprism structure can be transferred to the substrate completely and with high structural fidelity, laying a good foundation for subsequent processes.

[0025] This embodiment provides specific steps for forming a microprism structure. It adopts continuous roller-to-roll production, which can achieve high-speed and mass production, greatly reducing the cost per piece. It effectively solves the technical problems of low efficiency, inconsistent precision, and low yield in the production of large-area microstructure optical films.

[0026] In one specific embodiment, the pre-UV curing operation in step S2 is as follows: the back side of the film material is irradiated with a metal lamp with an energy of 400±50mJ for 8~12 seconds; the main UV curing operation in step S3 is as follows: the front side of the film material is irradiated with a metal lamp with an energy of 1000±100mJ for 8~12 seconds; wherein the back side of the film material is the surface without the microprism structure.

[0027] In one specific embodiment, the blue light irradiation in step S4 is performed by simultaneously irradiating both the front and back sides of the film material with blue light, while maintaining a temperature not exceeding 50°C during irradiation. In this embodiment, simultaneous double-sided irradiation effectively doubles the light intensity and reaction rate, enabling more efficient online stabilization of the film material within a time limit of ≤3 minutes, achieving a rapid reduction in the chromatic coordinate y-value. Simultaneously, controlling the temperature to ≤50°C prevents deformation of the substrate or prism microstructure, ensuring the geometric accuracy of the microprism structure, the flatness of the substrate, and the activity of the photofunctional material, thus guaranteeing basic optical performance.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a system for a method of reducing the y-value of a diaphragm color coordinate as described in any of the above embodiments includes: Unwinding unit: Performs the unwinding operation of the substrate; Transfer unit: Performs the operation of forming a microprism structure on the surface of the substrate to obtain a film material; Pre-UV curing unit: Performs pre-UV curing operation on the film material; Main UV curing unit: Performs main UV curing operation on the film material; Blue light aging unit: Performs blue light irradiation on the membrane material; specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the blue light aging unit includes a blue light lamp board that simultaneously irradiates the front and back of the film material with blue light. The blue light lamp board is composed of blue light beads set on an aluminum substrate, with the blue light beads arranged at approximately 2,000 blue light beads per square meter. In order to keep the temperature inside the lamp box below 50°C and ensure the safety of the film's appearance and performance, an air-cooling system is required, with a fan frequency of approximately 45±2 Hz for intake and 48±2 Hz for exhaust. Winding unit: Performs the winding operation on the film material. In this system, the substrate film is supported by several support rollers, and along the film movement path formed by the support rollers, it sequentially undergoes the pre-UV curing unit, the main UV curing unit, and the blue light aging unit.

[0029] In this embodiment, multiple discrete processes such as "transfer printing - pre-curing - main curing - blue light treatment" are integrated into a seamless continuous production line, which improves work efficiency while ensuring production quality. At the same time, the blue light treatment is integrated into the production line, which realizes the online reduction of the chromaticity coordinate y-value of the film, thereby increasing the brightness of the film in the blue light machine and reducing the time and space cost of aging after cutting. The whole system has a simple structure and is easy to implement.

[0030] In one specific embodiment, the transfer unit includes a pre-coating liquid tank area and a transfer area. The pre-coating liquid tank area includes a liquid tank containing liquid acrylic UV-curable resin; and a silicone pre-coating roller, which rotates in the liquid tank so that the surface of the silicone pre-coating roller picks up and carries the resin. The transfer area includes a rotating master mold with a microprism structure on its surface. A silicone pre-coating roller dipped in resin contacts and rolls with the rotating master mold surface, so that the resin is applied to the entire surface of the master mold.

[0031] In one specific embodiment, the pre-UV curing unit is located in the transfer area, allowing pre-UV curing to be performed on the back side of the film immediately after transfer. This step means that back-side irradiation and curing are performed immediately after the master mold and substrate are bonded together, before the resin has flowed or deformed, instantly locking the microprism structure and ensuring the highest fidelity of the transfer. Simultaneously, it reduces the suspended transport distance of the film after transfer and before entering the next curing station, lowering the risk of film vibration, scratches, or dust contamination, and improving production stability and yield.

[0032] The examples described herein are merely preferred embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the invention. Any modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the invention without departing from the design concept of the invention should fall within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method of reducing the y value of a film's color coordinates, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: S1: forming a micro-prism structure on the surface of a substrate to obtain a film material; S2: pre-UV curing the film material; S3: main UV curing the film material after pre-UV curing; S4: blue light irradiation of the film material after main UV curing, to finally obtain a film sheet; The irradiation energy of the pre-UV curing is less than that of the main UV curing; the time of the blue light irradiation in step S4 is not more than 3 minutes, the blue light irradiance of the blue light irradiation is 4500-5500 Lux, and the wavelength of the blue light irradiation is 430-470 nm.

2. The method of lowering the y value of a color coordinate of a film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 comprises the following steps: S11: rotating a silica gel pre-coating roller in a liquid tank containing liquid acrylic UV curing resin, so that the silica gel pre-coating roller surface dips and carries the resin; S12: the silica gel pre-coating roller with resin contacts and rolls on the surface of a rotating master mold, so that the resin is applied to the entire surface of the master mold; the surface of the master mold is provided with a micro-prism structure; S13: laminating the master mold with the substrate, transferring the resin and the micro-prism structure on the master mold to the substrate to obtain a film material.

3. The method of lowering the y value of a color coordinate of a film according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hardness of the silica gel pre-coating roller in step S11 is Shore D 20-35, and the surface roughness Ra is less than 0.2 microns; the master mold and the substrate are laminated by a pressure roller in step S13, the linear pressure applied by the pressure roller is 10-50 N / cm, and the lamination speed is 0.5-5 m / min.

4. The method of lowering the y value of a color coordinate of a film according to claim 1, wherein: The operation of pre-UV curing in step S2 is to use a metal lamp UV with an energy of 400±50 mj to irradiate the back surface of the film material for 8-12 seconds; the operation of main UV curing in step S3 is to use a metal lamp UV with an energy of 1000±100 mj to irradiate the front surface of the film material for 8-12 seconds; the back surface of the film material is the surface without the micro-prism structure.

5. The method of lowering the y value of a color coordinate of a film according to claim 1, wherein: The specific way of blue light irradiation in step S4 is to simultaneously irradiate the front and back surfaces of the film material with blue light, and the temperature is kept not higher than 50℃ during the blue light irradiation.

6. A system for reducing the y value of the color coordinates of a film as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It comprises: A unwinding unit for performing unwinding operation of the substrate; A transfer unit for forming a micro-prism structure on the surface of the substrate to obtain a film material; A pre-UV curing unit for performing pre-UV curing operation on the film material; A main UV curing unit for performing main UV curing operation on the film material; A blue light aging unit for performing blue light irradiation operation on the film material; A winding unit for performing winding operation on the film material.

7. The system for reducing the y value of a color coordinate of a film according to claim 6, wherein: The transfer unit comprises a pre-coating liquid tank area and a transfer area, the pre-coating liquid tank area comprises a liquid tank containing liquid acrylic UV curing resin, and a silica gel pre-coating roller rotates in the liquid tank to dip and carry the resin on the surface of the silica gel pre-coating roller; The transfer area comprises a rotating master mold, the surface of the master mold is provided with a micro-prism structure, and the silica gel pre-coating roller with resin contacts and rolls on the surface of the rotating master mold to apply the resin to the entire surface of the master mold.

8. The system for reducing the y value of a color coordinate of a film according to claim 7, wherein: The pre-UV curing unit is arranged in the transfer area, so that the pre-UV curing operation is immediately performed on the back surface of the film material after the transfer is completed.

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