Superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjusting system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjusting system, which relates to the technical field of superconducting magnets and comprises a superconducting magnet arranged in a Dewar. A pressure sensing assembly is directly arranged on a force transmission path of each key pull rod, and a real-time sensing network covering a magnet suspension system is constructed, so that in the dynamic process of cooling, excitation and quench, axial load change of a magnet acting on a Dewar through the pull rods can be directly and continuously captured, and therefore, the axial load change of the magnet acting on the Dewar through the pull rods can be directly and continuously captured. Indirect and accurate monitoring of the real-time change of the posture of the magnet is realized; on the basis, the control box carries out fusion processing and intelligent judgment on load distribution data measured by all the pressure sensing assemblies, and after a load mode representing posture abnormity is recognized, the corresponding adjustment execution assembly is immediately driven to adjust the length or stress state of the specific pull rod. Therefore, a passive risk which is difficult to perceive and intervene in the past is converted into a closed-loop control process which can be monitored in real time and can be corrected actively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of superconducting technology, and in particular to a superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system and method. Background Technology

[0002] During the cooling and excitation processes of superconducting magnets and their Dewars, the different thermal expansion coefficients of the various components can generate huge cold contraction stress, or electromagnetic stress generated by the coil during excitation. These factors can cause the movement of the various components of the magnet, especially the coil, relative to the Dewar, which may lead to heat leakage or collision damage between the magnet coil and the Dewar.

[0003] Currently, superconducting magnets are traditionally suspended statically within a Dewar using rigid rods with low thermal conductivity. While this design theoretically accommodates cooling contraction and electromagnetic forces, the real-time changes in the magnet's attitude during actual cooling, excitation, and quench loss cannot be directly monitored. Sensors that can detect the actual force on the rods in real time are insufficient, and operators often rely on limited theoretical calculations and experience to judge the magnet's potential state. This lack of real-time, precise mechanical feedback makes it difficult to proactively detect minute deviations in the magnet caused by uneven stress distribution. Alarms are often only triggered passively when contact, heat leakage, or structural abnormalities occur. Even when attitude abnormalities are detected, the system lacks the ability to automatically adjust based on real-time data, requiring only offline mechanical adjustments, a cumbersome process that disrupts operational continuity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system and method provided by the present invention can solve the problem in the prior art that the real-time changes in the magnet attitude cannot be directly monitored during the actual dynamic process of cooling, excitation and quench loss, and that it is difficult to sense the actual force on the lever in real time.

[0005] A superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system includes a superconducting magnet disposed inside a Dewar flask, and multiple pull rods connecting the superconducting magnet and the Dewar flask. It also includes: multiple pressure sensing components disposed along the force transmission paths of the pull rods for real-time measurement of the axial load on each pull rod; an adjustment execution component driven by the pull rods for adjusting the effective length or force state of the corresponding pull rods; and a control box communicatively connected to the multiple pressure sensing components and the adjustment execution component for determining whether the attitude of the superconducting magnet is abnormal based on the load distribution data measured by the pressure sensing components; and, when an attitude abnormality is determined, controlling one or more of the adjustment execution components to adjust the attitude of the superconducting magnet.

[0006] The universal adjustable suspension tie rod device provided by this invention has, but is not limited to, the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: This universal adjustable suspension tie rod device constructs a real-time sensing network covering the magnet suspension system by directly setting pressure sensing components along the force transmission path of each key tie rod. This allows for the direct and continuous capture of axial load changes on the Dewar worm through the tie rods during dynamic processes such as cooling, excitation, and quenching, achieving indirect and accurate monitoring of real-time changes in magnet attitude. Based on this, the control box fuses and intelligently judges the load distribution data measured by each pressure sensing component. After identifying load patterns indicating abnormal attitude, it immediately drives the corresponding adjustment actuator to adjust the length or force state of a specific tie rod. This transforms previously difficult-to-perceive and intervene-in passive risks into a closed-loop control process that can be monitored in real-time and actively corrected, solving the problems of difficulty in directly monitoring magnet attitude and difficulty in real-time sensing of tie rod force.

[0007] Furthermore, the pressure sensing component includes a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor, which are used to independently measure the axial tension and axial pressure of the pull rod. Both the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are mounted on the adjustment actuator.

[0008] Furthermore, the pressure sensing assembly includes an elastic transmitter, on which a first pressure sensing element and a second pressure sensing element are respectively attached to both sides.

[0009] Furthermore, the first pressure sensing element and the second pressure sensing element are silicon-sapphire semiconductor sensing elements, and the elastic transmitter is a titanium alloy receiving piece.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjustment execution component includes a driving component and a transmission component, one end of the transmission component is connected to the pull rod, and the other end of the transmission component is connected to the driving component.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjustment execution component includes a thermal expansion fine-tuning component, which comprises an alloy shim, on which a heating element and a temperature sensor are disposed, and the heating element is electrically connected to the control box.

[0012] Furthermore, the transmission component includes an adjusting screw, one end of which is connected to a pull rod. An adjusting nut is installed on the adjusting screw, and a spherical washer is provided at one end of the adjusting nut. The spherical washer is installed on a support base.

[0013] A method for superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment, based on the aforementioned superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system, includes the following steps: S1: During the cooling, excitation, or operation of the superconducting magnet, load data of each tie rod is continuously collected through multiple pressure sensing components; S2: Based on the load data distribution of each tie rod collected, the real-time attitude of the superconducting magnet is calculated; S3: The real-time attitude is compared with a preset safe attitude model or load threshold. If the comparison result exceeds the allowable range, an adjustment command is generated for a specific adjustment execution component; S4: The corresponding adjustment execution component is controlled to execute the adjustment command to adjust the attitude of the superconducting magnet.

[0014] The present invention provides a method for superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment, which, compared with the prior art, has, but is not limited to, the following beneficial effects: This superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment method continuously collects vector data of the axial load throughout the magnet's entire operating cycle using pressure sensing components deployed on each tie rod, constructing a real-time mechanical state perception network. Based on this spatially distributed load data, the control box calculates the magnet's precise spatial attitude using a built-in algorithm. By intelligently comparing the calculated real-time attitude with a pre-set safety model within the control box, attitude deviations are automatically diagnosed. When the deviation exceeds limits, the control box generates and issues specific adjustment commands, driving the corresponding adjustment execution components to compensate for the length of the specified tie rod. Through an automated process of data acquisition, attitude calculation, intelligent decision-making, and precise execution, online, real-time, and closed-loop control of the magnet's attitude is achieved, fundamentally transforming the traditional installation mode that relies solely on static design and passive bearing, enabling the system to adaptively maintain the magnet's optimal working attitude. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the drive component; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure sensing component in a superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the pressure sensing component; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment execution component in a superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drive component in a superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the universal joint; Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Dewar; 2. Superconducting magnet; 3. Pull rod; 4. Pressure sensing assembly; 5. Adjustment and actuation assembly; 6. Control box; 7. Mounting housing; 8. Sealed housing; 9. Bellows; 41. First pressure sensor; 42. Second pressure sensor; 43. Elastic transmitter; 44. First pressure sensing element; 45. Second pressure sensing element; 411. Fixing plate; 51. Drive component; 52. Transmission component; 53. Thermal expansion fine-tuning component; 511. First motor housing; 512. Drive gear; 513. Driven gear; 514. Second motor housing; 515. Universal joint; 516. Rotating nut; 521. Adjusting screw; 522. Adjusting nut; 523. Spherical washer; 524. Support base; 531. Alloy gasket; 532. Heating element; 533. Temperature sensor; 534. Cooling element; 535. Adjusting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings showing multiple embodiments according to this application. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described in this application without creative effort will fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit this application; the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," etc., in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are open-ended terms. Therefore, "comprising," "including," or "having" refers to, for example, a method or apparatus having one or more steps or elements, but is not limited to having only these one or more elements. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0020] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] It should be emphasized that when the term "comprising / including" is used in this specification, it is used to explicitly indicate the presence of the stated feature, integer, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, parts, or groups of features, integers, steps, or parts.

[0022] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0023] Example 1: like Figure 1-2 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system, including a superconducting magnet 2 disposed inside a Dewar 1, and multiple pull rods 3 connecting the superconducting magnet 2 and the Dewar 1, and further including: multiple pressure sensing components 4, which are disposed on the force transmission paths of the multiple pull rods 3, for real-time measurement of the axial load on each pull rod 3; adjustment execution components 5, which are drivenly connected to the pull rods 3, for adjusting the effective length or force state of the corresponding pull rods 3; and a control box 6, which is communicatively connected to the multiple pressure sensing components 4 and the adjustment execution components 5, for determining whether the attitude of the superconducting magnet 2 is abnormal based on the load distribution data measured by the pressure sensing components 4; when the attitude is determined to be abnormal, controlling one or more adjustment execution components 5 to act to adjust the attitude of the superconducting magnet 2.

[0024] In this embodiment, by directly setting pressure sensing components 4 on the force transmission path of each key tie rod 3, a real-time sensing network covering the magnet suspension system is constructed. This allows the axial load changes of the superconducting magnet 2 acting on the Dewar 1 through the tie rod 3 to be directly and continuously captured during the dynamic processes of cooling, excitation, and quenching. This achieves indirect and accurate monitoring of the magnet's attitude changes in real time. Based on this, the control box 6 performs fusion processing and intelligent judgment on the load distribution data measured by each pressure sensing component 4. After identifying the load pattern that characterizes the abnormal attitude, it immediately drives the corresponding adjustment execution component 5 to adjust the length or force state of the specific tie rod 3. This transforms the previously difficult-to-perceive and difficult-to-intervene passive risks into a closed-loop control process that can be monitored in real time and actively corrected, solving the problems of difficulty in directly monitoring the magnet's attitude and difficulty in sensing the force on the tie rod in real time.

[0025] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the pressure sensing component 4 includes a first pressure sensor 41 and a second pressure sensor 42. The first pressure sensor 41 and the second pressure sensor 42 are used to independently measure the axial tension and axial pressure of the pull rod 3. Both the first pressure sensor 41 and the second pressure sensor 42 are mounted on the adjustment execution component 5.

[0026] In this embodiment, by installing a first pressure sensor 41 and a second pressure sensor 42 on the adjustment execution component 5, and enabling them to independently and specifically measure the axial pressure and axial tension of the pull rod 3, the synchronous and independent capture of the bidirectional alternating load of the pull rod 3 is achieved. This allows the system to accurately determine whether the pull rod 3 is under tension, compression, or critical relaxation without blind spots. This provides a complete and continuous vector force data basis for the control box 6 to calculate the precise spatial attitude and small offset trend of the superconducting magnet 2, avoiding attitude misjudgment caused by unidirectional monitoring.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first pressure sensor 41 and the second pressure sensor 42 can measure the pressure or tension applied by the pull rod 3 to the first pressure sensor 41 and the second pressure sensor 42 at the transmission member 52, so as to detect the tension or pressure on the pull rod 3.

[0028] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the adjustment execution component 5 includes a drive component 51 and a transmission component 52. One end of the transmission component 52 is connected to the pull rod 3, and the other end of the transmission component 52 is connected to the drive component 51.

[0029] In this embodiment, by connecting the output end of the drive component 51 to the pull rod 3 through the transmission component 52, the rotational motion output by the drive component 51 can be converted into a linear and precise adjustment of the axial length of the pull rod 3 through the transmission component 52. This indirect driving method allows the drive component 51 to be installed outside the Dewar 1 or in a location that is easy to maintain. Furthermore, through the mechanical gain and self-locking characteristics of the transmission component 52 itself, fine control and position holding of the length of the pull rod 3 with millimeter-level resolution are achieved, thereby ensuring that the magnet attitude can be stably, accurately, and reliably actively adjusted in harsh environments with strong magnetic fields and extremely low temperatures.

[0030] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the transmission component 52 includes an adjusting screw 521, one end of which is connected to the pull rod 3. An adjusting nut 522 is installed on the adjusting screw 521, and a spherical washer 523 is provided at one end of the adjusting nut 522. The spherical washer 523 is installed on the support base 524.

[0031] In this embodiment, the axial displacement of the adjusting screw 521 is generated by rotating the adjusting nut 522, thereby directly controlling the length of the pull rod 3. The spherical washer 523 set between the adjusting nut 522 and the support seat 524 forms a universal hinge point, which can automatically compensate for the non-perpendicular deviation between the axis of the adjusting screw 521 and the plane of the support seat 524 caused by installation or deformation, eliminate lateral bending moment, and ensure that the adjusting force is always transmitted along the axial direction of the pull rod 3.

[0032] Specifically, the adjusting screw 521 passes through the first pressure sensor 41 and the second pressure sensor 42. The first pressure sensor 41 is located on the side of the adjusting nut 522 closer to the pull rod 3, and the second pressure sensor 42 is located on the side of the adjusting nut 522 away from the pull rod 3. Both the first pressure sensor 41 and the second pressure sensor 42 are fixed to the Dewar 1, the sealing housing 8 or other supporting components by the fixing plate 411. The first pressure sensor 41 is used to measure the tension state of the pull rod 3, and the second pressure sensor 42 is used to measure the compression state of the pull rod 3. The driving component 51 includes a first motor housing 511, a driving gear 512 and a driven gear 513 meshing with the driving gear 512. The driven gear 513 is fixed on the adjusting nut 522, and the driving gear 512 is connected to the driving end of the first motor housing 511.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first pressure sensor 41 and the second pressure sensor 42 are axially separated by the adjusting nut 522 and rigidly connected to the external support by the fixing plate 411, so that the pure axial tension and pressure transmitted by the pull rod 3 are decoupled and act independently and without interference on the corresponding sensors, realizing accurate bidirectional load measurement; the electromagnetic shielded motor in the first motor housing 511 drives the driven gear 513 and the adjusting nut 522 to rotate through the active gear 512, converting the rotational motion of the motor into the precise linear displacement of the adjusting screw 521 and the pull rod 3. The entire transmission and sensing mechanism is compactly arranged along the same axis, which greatly saves space and highly integrates force sensing, displacement driving and structural support, providing a stable, accurate and compact hardware foundation for the real-time attitude closed-loop control of the magnet.

[0034] The first motor housing 511 consists of an electromagnetically shielded motor and a speed reducer.

[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a mounting housing 7 is installed on the outside of the Dewar 1, and a sealing housing 8 is installed on the mounting housing 7. A bellows 9 is provided inside the sealing housing 8. One end of the bellows 9 is connected to the regulating actuator 5 through a flange, and the other end of the bellows 9 is connected to the mounting housing 7 through a flange.

[0036] In this embodiment, the bellows 9 is disposed inside the sealed housing 8 and its two ends are respectively sealed to the adjustment execution component 5 and the mounting housing 7, forming a dynamically sealed isolation cavity inside the sealed housing 8. This ensures the stability of the vacuum environment inside the Dewar 1. At the same time, by utilizing the flexibility of the bellows 9, the displacement generated during the axial adjustment of the adjusting screw 521 can be absorbed simultaneously, achieving compatibility between vacuum sealing maintenance and axial displacement adjustment.

[0037] like Figure 9As shown, a method for monitoring and actively adjusting the attitude of a superconducting magnet includes the following steps: S1: During the cooling, excitation, or operation of the superconducting magnet 2, load data of each tie rod 3 is continuously collected through multiple pressure sensing components 4; S2: Based on the load data distribution of each tie rod 3 collected, the real-time attitude of the superconducting magnet 2 is calculated; S3: The real-time attitude is compared with a preset safe attitude model or load threshold. If the comparison result exceeds the allowable range, an adjustment command is generated for a specific adjustment execution component 5; S4: The corresponding adjustment execution component 5 is controlled to execute the adjustment command to adjust the attitude of the superconducting magnet 2.

[0038] In this embodiment, firstly, pressure sensing components 4 deployed on each tie rod 3 continuously collect vector data of the axial load of the magnet 2 throughout its entire operating cycle, constructing a real-time mechanical state perception network. Subsequently, based on these spatially distributed load data, the control box 6 calculates the precise spatial attitude of the superconducting magnet 2 using a built-in algorithm. Then, by intelligently comparing the calculated real-time attitude with a safety model preset in the control box 6, attitude deviations are automatically diagnosed. Finally, when the deviation exceeds the limit, the control box 6 generates and issues specific adjustment commands, driving the corresponding adjustment execution components 5 to perform compensatory adjustments to the length of the specified tie rod 3. Through the automated process of data acquisition, attitude calculation, intelligent decision-making, and precise execution, online, real-time, and closed-loop control of the magnet's attitude is achieved, fundamentally transforming the traditional installation mode that relies solely on static design and passive bearing, enabling the system to adaptively maintain the optimal working attitude of the magnet.

[0039] In step S2, based on the sign and magnitude of the tension / compression signals output by multiple pressure sensing components 4, it is determined whether the corresponding pull rod 3 is under tension, compression, or zero load. Combined with the spatial position coordinates of each pull rod 3, the magnet attitude is calculated by inverting the mechanical model.

[0040] In this embodiment, by utilizing the vector force signal with a clear tension / compression symbol provided by the pressure sensing component 4, the real-time mechanical state (tension, compression, or zero load) of each tie rod 3 is first accurately determined. Then, the control box 6 combines this state information with the pre-set spatial position coordinates of each tie rod 3 and performs inversion calculation through the built-in static equilibrium model, realizing a fundamental leap from indirect load monitoring to direct attitude perception, and providing a reliable decision-making basis for subsequent targeted and precise adjustments.

[0041] Example 2: like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the pressure sensing assembly 4 includes an elastic transmitter 43, with a first pressure sensing element 44 and a second pressure sensing element 45 attached to both sides of the elastic transmitter 43.

[0042] In this embodiment, by adopting an integrated structure in which a first pressure sensing element 44 and a second pressure sensing element 45 are respectively attached to the two sides of a single elastic transmitter 43, a high degree of integration of the sensing unit and an essential optimization of the mechanical response are achieved. When the axial force transmitted by the pull rod 3 acts on the elastic transmitter 43, it undergoes bending deformation. This deformation is synchronously sensed by the first pressure sensing element 44 and the second pressure sensing element 45 tightly attached to its two sides, and outputs electrical signals proportional to the tension and compression respectively. By integrating the measurement of bidirectional force into a compact mechanical body, not only is installation space significantly saved and the structure simplified, but more importantly, it ensures that the tension and compression measurements share a completely consistent mechanical transmission path and deformation reference, eliminating measurement errors and signal coupling interference caused by differences in the installation position or stiffness of the two independent sensors. This provides more stable, consistent, and accurate bidirectional load data, laying a more reliable sensing foundation for attitude calculation.

[0043] Specifically, the elastic transmitter 43, the first pressure sensing element 44, and the second pressure sensing element 45 are all connected inside the housing. The elastic transmitter 43 is connected to the transmission component 52 of the regulating actuator 5. When the pull rod 3 drives the transmission component 52 to move, the transmission component 52 will drive the elastic transmitter 43 to move up and down, squeezing the first pressure sensing element 44 or the second pressure sensing element 45 to realize the detection of tension or pressure.

[0044] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first pressure sensing element 44 and the second pressure sensing element 45 are silicon-sapphire semiconductor sensing elements, and the elastic transmitter 43 is a titanium alloy receiving piece.

[0045] In this embodiment, by employing silicon-sapphire semiconductor sensing elements as the first pressure sensing element 44 and the second pressure sensing element 45, and selecting titanium alloy as the material for the elastic transmitter 43, the fundamental performance leap of the sensing unit in extreme environments is achieved. The silicon-sapphire element has extremely high mechanical strength, excellent fatigue resistance, and extremely low temperature drift, while the titanium alloy receiving sheet not only has a matching coefficient of thermal expansion, ensuring that the interface between the two is almost free from thermal stress during drastic temperature changes from room temperature to liquid helium temperature, but also provides excellent elasticity and corrosion resistance. This enables the sensor to maintain high sensitivity, fast response speed, and excellent measurement stability for a long time under harsh conditions of high load, strong magnetic field, extremely low temperature, and cyclic stress, fundamentally solving the problems of easy fatigue damage, lag, and insufficient reliability of traditional sensors.

[0046] Example 3: like Figure 6As shown, the adjustment and execution component 5 includes a thermal expansion fine-tuning component 53, which comprises an alloy gasket 531. The alloy gasket 531 is provided with a heating element 532, a temperature sensor 533, and a cooling element 534. The heating element 532 is electrically connected to the control box 6. An adjustment rod 535 is connected inside the alloy gasket 531. One end of the adjustment rod 535 is connected to the pull rod 3, and the other end of the adjustment rod 535 is connected to the pressure sensing component 4.

[0047] In this embodiment, by integrating a thermal expansion fine-tuning component 53 into the adjustment execution component 5, which includes an alloy pad 531, a heating element 532 embedded therein, a cooling element 534, and a temperature sensor 533 for monitoring temperature, and forming an electrical connection with the control box 6, a precise, stable, and fully electrically controlled displacement fine-tuning unit is constructed. The control box 6 outputs a precise excitation current to the heating element 532 or the cooling element 534 according to the attitude adjustment requirements, causing the alloy pad 531 to undergo controllable thermal expansion or cold contraction deformation. Simultaneously, the temperature sensor 533 provides real-time feedback of the pad temperature, forming a closed-loop temperature control, thereby converting the electrical signal into a stable and precise axial micro-displacement without mechanical backlash or hysteresis. This achieves precise compensation for the length of the pull rod 3 under strong magnetic fields and extremely low temperatures, overcoming the potential jamming or accuracy loss problems that may exist in purely mechanical drives under extreme environments, and improving the reliability of magnet attitude calibration.

[0048] The end of the adjusting rod 535 is fixedly connected to the pressure sensing component 4, and the pressure sensing component 4 is installed on one side of the alloy gasket 531. The adjusting rod 535 and the pressure sensing component 4 move synchronously through the expansion or contraction of the thermal expansion fine-tuning component 53. At the same time, the pressure sensing component 4 can detect the force on the adjusting rod 535. In this case, the pressure sensing component 4 in Embodiment 2 can be used.

[0049] Specifically, alloy gasket 531 is based on the thermal expansion and contraction effect of solid materials, and its core is determined by the formula ΔL=α· · ΔT describes the target micro-displacement of the tie rod 3, where ΔL is the thermal expansion coefficient of the alloy gasket 531 material. Its initial length, ΔT is the controlled temperature change; control box 6 first calculates the required displacement ΔL, and combines it with the known α and The target temperature change ΔT to be applied is calculated, and then the gasket is heated or cooled by precisely controlling the heating element 532 or the cooling element 534 to make its temperature deviate from the ambient temperature. The temperature sensor 533 monitors the actual temperature in real time and compares it with the target value to form a closed loop. The deformation ΔL of the gasket due to thermal expansion (ΔT>0) or cold contraction (ΔT<0) caused by ΔT directly acts on the pull rod 3, thereby achieving sub-millimeter-level precision compensation and locking of its position.

[0050] Example 4: like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the drive component 51 includes a second motor housing 514, a universal joint 515, and a rotating nut 516 adapted to the adjusting nut 522. The rotating nut 516 is fixed on the adjusting nut 522. One end of the universal joint 515 is connected to the drive end of the second motor housing 514, and the other end of the universal joint 515 is connected to the rotating nut 516.

[0051] In this embodiment, a highly adaptable solution is provided for working conditions where installation space is limited and alignment is difficult, by employing a drive component 51 consisting of a second motor housing 514, a universal joint 515, and a rotating nut 516 fixedly connected to the adjusting nut 522. The universal joint 515 serves as a flexible transmission medium, with one end connected to the output end of the second motor housing 514 and the other end driving the rotating nut 516 to rotate, thereby reliably transmitting the motor torque to the adjusting nut 522. This allows the second motor housing 514 to be flexibly arranged within a certain angle and position range according to external space conditions, without needing to maintain strict coaxiality with the adjusting screw 521. This greatly reduces the stringent requirements for installation accuracy in narrow spaces and effectively avoids transmission jamming and additional bending moments caused by installation deviations or working deformations, ensuring smooth execution and long-term reliability of adjustment actions in inconvenient operating positions.

[0052] Specifically, the pull rod 3 can be set on the top, bottom or side of the superconducting magnet 2, and the adjustment and execution component 5 is installed on the corresponding pull rod 3, which can be installed on the top, bottom or side of the superconducting magnet 2. In this embodiment, by using a universal joint 515 for flexible transmission, the stringent requirements for installation accuracy in narrow spaces at positions such as the bottom of the superconducting magnet 2 are reduced.

[0053] The second motor housing 514 consists of an electromagnetically shielded motor and a speed reducer.

[0054] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely a few specific examples of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system, comprising a superconducting magnet (2) disposed inside a Dewar (1), and a plurality of pull rods (3) connecting the superconducting magnet (2) and the Dewar (1), characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple pressure sensing components (4) are arranged on the force transmission path of multiple tie rods (3) to measure the axial load on each tie rod (3) in real time. Adjustment execution component (5), which is drivenly connected to the pull rod (3) and is used to adjust the effective length or force state of the corresponding pull rod (3); The control box (6) is communicatively connected to multiple pressure sensing components (4) and adjustment execution components (5) to determine whether the attitude of the superconducting magnet (2) is abnormal based on the load distribution data measured by the pressure sensing components (4); when the attitude is determined to be abnormal, one or more of the adjustment execution components (5) are controlled to adjust the attitude of the superconducting magnet (2).

2. The superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure sensing component (4) includes a first pressure sensor (41) and a second pressure sensor (42). The first pressure sensor (41) and the second pressure sensor (42) are used to independently measure the axial tension and axial pressure of the pull rod (3). The first pressure sensor (41) and the second pressure sensor (42) are both installed on the adjustment execution component (5).

3. The superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure sensing assembly (4) includes an elastic transmitter (43), on which a first pressure sensing element (44) and a second pressure sensing element (45) are respectively attached to both sides.

4. The superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first pressure sensing element (44) and the second pressure sensing element (45) are silicon-sapphire semiconductor sensing elements, and the elastic transmitter (43) is a titanium alloy receiving piece.

5. The superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment execution component (5) includes a drive component (51) and a transmission component (52). One end of the transmission component (52) is connected to the pull rod (3), and the other end of the transmission component (52) is connected to the drive component (51).

6. The superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment execution component (5) includes a thermal expansion fine-tuning component (53), which comprises an alloy gasket (531), on which a heating element (532) and a temperature sensor (533) are disposed, and the heating element (532) is electrically connected to the control box (6).

7. The superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission component (52) includes an adjusting screw (521), one end of which is connected to the pull rod (3). An adjusting nut (522) is installed on the adjusting screw (521), and a spherical washer (523) is provided at one end of the adjusting nut (522). The spherical washer (523) is installed on the support base (524).

8. A method for superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment, applied to the system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: During the cooling, excitation or operation of the superconducting magnet (2), the load data of each tie rod (3) is continuously collected through multiple pressure sensing components (4); S2: Based on the load data distribution of each pull rod (3) collected, calculate the real-time attitude of the superconducting magnet (2); S3: Compare the real-time attitude with the preset safe attitude model or load threshold. If the comparison result exceeds the allowable range, generate an adjustment instruction for the specific adjustment execution component (5). S4: Control the corresponding adjustment execution component (5) to execute the adjustment command to adjust the attitude of the superconducting magnet (2).

9. The method for superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment as described in claim 8, characterized in that, In step S1, the pressure sensing assembly (4) employs a first pressure sensor (41) and a second pressure sensor (42), which are used to independently measure the axial tension and axial pressure of the pull rod (3).

10. The method for superconducting magnet attitude monitoring and active adjustment as described in claim 8, characterized in that, In step S1, the pressure sensing assembly (4) consists of an elastic transmitter (43) and a first pressure sensing element (44) and a second pressure sensing element (45) respectively attached to the two sides of the elastic transmitter (43), which is used to make the tensile force and pressure measurements share a consistent mechanical transmission path and deformation reference.

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