On-demand refreshing method and device for virtual display screen, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

According to the on-demand refreshing method and device for the virtual display screen, the electronic equipment and the storage medium, the on-demand refreshing method for the virtual display screen responds to a vertical synchronizing signal, and a to-be-refreshed virtual screen needing to be refreshed is determined from virtual screens of a graphic subsystem; performing graph synthesis on the to-be-refreshed virtual screen; and sending a synthesized graph obtained by synthesis to the host system, so as to display the synthesized graph on a vehicle-mounted display screen of the host system corresponding to the virtual screen to be refreshed. By means of the method, only the to-be-refreshed virtual screen judged to be'needing to be refreshed 'is added into the refresh list, so that the core logic of SurfaceFlinger responding to the VSync signal is modified, and in a subsequent synthesis assembly line, only the virtual screen in the to-be-refreshed virtual screen list is subjected to synthesis strategy decision making, buffer area operation and final frame submission. And for the virtual screen which is not listed in the list, the whole synthesis and submission process is completely skipped, so that unnecessary graphic processing and data transmission are reduced, and the system performance consumption is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of computer technology, and more specifically to a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for on-demand refreshing of a virtual display screen. Background Technology

[0002] In existing heterogeneous in-vehicle system architectures, a display compositor typically runs on a host operating system and hosts a virtual machine system. The SurfaceFlinger service within the virtual machine system is responsible for graphics compositing, and its output is transmitted to the compositor on the host side via a virtual display device for final display.

[0003] The existing SurfaceFlinger mechanism uses a global synchronous refresh mode, which means that in each vertical synchronization signal cycle, a complete composition and submission process is performed on all registered virtual displays. This mechanism is prone to performance waste in virtualization architectures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem solved by this invention is the performance waste that is easily caused by existing heterogeneous vehicle system architectures.

[0005] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a method for on-demand refreshing of a virtual display screen, the method comprising: In response to the vertical synchronization signal, the virtual screen to be refreshed is determined from the virtual screen of the graphics subsystem; Perform graphics composition on the virtual screen to be refreshed; The synthesized graphic is sent to the host system so that it can be displayed on the in-vehicle display screen of the host system corresponding to the virtual screen to be refreshed.

[0006] Optionally, determining the virtual screen to be refreshed from the virtual screens of the graphics subsystem includes: Based on the graphics composition information of the virtual screen used in the graphics subsystem, detect whether the virtual screen involves screen changes; The virtual screens that involve changes in the display are identified as those that need to be refreshed.

[0007] Optionally, determining the virtual screen to be refreshed from the virtual screens of the graphics subsystem includes: Query the list of layers to be refreshed in the virtual screen of the graphics subsystem to obtain the layers to be refreshed; The virtual screen corresponding to the layer to be refreshed is determined as the virtual screen to be refreshed.

[0008] Optionally, the layer to be displayed list includes a first layer to be displayed list and a second layer to be displayed list, wherein the first layer to be displayed list is used to store layer refreshes triggered by the system kernel and system-level services of the graphics subsystem, and the second layer to be displayed list is used to store layer refreshes triggered by applications in the vehicle system.

[0009] Optionally, determining the virtual screen to be refreshed from the virtual screens of the graphics subsystem includes: Based on the transaction flag of the layer corresponding to the virtual screen of the graphics subsystem, determine whether the virtual screen has undergone attribute changes; Virtual screens with changing attributes are identified as those that need to be refreshed.

[0010] Optionally, after sending the synthesized graphic to the host system, the process includes: The virtual screen to be refreshed is reset so that a new virtual screen to be refreshed can be determined in the next vertical synchronization signal cycle.

[0011] Optionally, the graphics subsystem is an Android system, and the host system is a Linux system.

[0012] This application embodiment also provides a virtual display screen on-demand refresh device, including: A determining unit is configured to determine, in response to a vertical synchronization signal, a virtual screen to be refreshed from the virtual screens of the graphics subsystem. The execution unit performs graphics composition on the virtual screen to be refreshed; The sending unit sends the synthesized graphic to the host system so that the synthesized graphic can be displayed on the in-vehicle display screen of the host system corresponding to the virtual screen to be refreshed.

[0013] Optionally, the determining unit is further configured to: Based on the graphics composition information of the virtual screen used in the graphics subsystem, detect whether the virtual screen involves screen changes; The virtual screens that involve changes in the display are identified as those that need to be refreshed.

[0014] Optionally, the determining unit is further configured to: Query the list of layers to be refreshed in the virtual screen of the graphics subsystem to obtain the layers to be refreshed; The virtual screen corresponding to the layer to be refreshed is determined as the virtual screen to be refreshed.

[0015] Optionally, the layer to be displayed list includes a first layer to be displayed list and a second layer to be displayed list, wherein the first layer to be displayed list is used to store layer refreshes triggered by the system kernel and system-level services of the graphics subsystem, and the second layer to be displayed list is used to store layer refreshes triggered by applications in the vehicle system.

[0016] Optionally, the determining unit is further configured to: Based on the transaction flag of the layer corresponding to the virtual screen of the graphics subsystem, determine whether the virtual screen has undergone attribute changes; Virtual screens with changing attributes are identified as those that need to be refreshed.

[0017] Optionally, the sending unit is further configured to: The virtual screen to be refreshed is reset so that a new virtual screen to be refreshed can be determined in the next vertical synchronization signal cycle.

[0018] Optionally, the graphics subsystem is an Android system, and the host system is a Linux system.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical effect achieved by adopting this technical solution is as follows: The electronic device in this embodiment operates the virtual display screen on-demand refresh method as in any embodiment of the present invention, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the virtual display screen on-demand refresh method as in any embodiment of the present invention, which will not be repeated here.

[0020] In another aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor; the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is used to run the computer program in the memory, wherein when the program or instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the virtual display screen on-demand refresh method as described in any of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical effect achieved by adopting this technical solution is as follows: The electronic device in this embodiment operates the virtual display screen on-demand refresh method as in any embodiment of the present invention, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the virtual display screen on-demand refresh method as in any embodiment of the present invention, which will not be repeated here.

[0022] In another aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide a storage medium storing a program or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the virtual display screen on-demand refresh method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the technical effect achieved by adopting this technical solution is as follows: The readable storage medium in this embodiment is used to store the virtual display screen on-demand refresh method as in any embodiment of the present invention, and therefore it has all the beneficial effects of the virtual display screen on-demand refresh method as in any embodiment of the present invention, which will not be repeated here.

[0024] The virtual display screen on-demand refresh method provided in this application embodiment, in response to a vertical synchronization signal, determines the virtual screens to be refreshed from the virtual screens of the graphics subsystem; performs graphics compositing on the virtual screens to be refreshed; and sends the composited graphics to the host system to display the composited graphics on the host's in-vehicle display screen corresponding to the virtual screens to be refreshed. Using this method, only virtual screens determined to "need to be refreshed" can be added to the refresh list, thereby modifying the core logic of SurfaceFlinger in response to the VSync signal. In subsequent compositing pipelines, only virtual screens in the list to be refreshed undergo compositing strategy decisions, buffer operations, and final frame submission. For virtual screens not included in the list, their entire compositing and submission process is completely skipped, thereby reducing unnecessary graphics processing and data transmission, effectively reducing system performance consumption, and is particularly suitable for in-vehicle environments. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the on-demand refresh method for a virtual display screen provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 Another flowchart illustrating the on-demand refresh method for a virtual display screen provided in this application embodiment; Figure 3 This is another flowchart illustrating the virtual display screen refresh method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is another flowchart illustrating the virtual display screen refresh method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a virtual display screen on-demand refresh device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] This application provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for on-demand refreshing of a virtual display screen, which will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the order of description of the following embodiments is not intended to limit the preferred order of the embodiments.

[0028] Please continue reading. Figure 1 , Figure 1 The flowchart illustrates the on-demand refresh method for a virtual display screen provided in this application embodiment. The method specifically includes the following steps: 110. In response to the vertical synchronization signal, determine the virtual screen to be refreshed from the virtual screen of the graphics subsystem.

[0029] The method presented in this paper is applied to an in-vehicle infotainment system, which includes a graphics subsystem and a host system for the graphics subsystem. The graphics subsystem can be understood as a virtual machine system running the SurfaceFlinger service, a service used for graphics compositing, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0030] In some embodiments, the graphics subsystem may be an Android system, and the host system may be a Linux system. That is, the vehicle system in this application may use Linux as the host operating system to run the display synthesizer and host an Android virtual machine. For ease of understanding, this application will be explained in terms of Android and Linux systems below, but this should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0031] First, the background of this application is explained. This application applies to in-vehicle infotainment systems and embedded virtualization platforms, specifically a collaborative optimization method between the Android graphics subsystem and the Linux system display compositor, aiming to solve the multi-display refresh performance problem unique to virtualization environments. For ease of understanding, an example is provided. Assume a car has multiple in-vehicle displays. For a heterogeneous in-vehicle system architecture, the vehicle system uses the Android virtualization system to synthesize graphics, refreshes them to the corresponding virtual screen, and then transmits them to the corresponding Linux system display for display. However, the existing SurfaceFlinger mechanism uses a global synchronous refresh mode, that is, in each vertical synchronization signal cycle, it unconditionally performs a complete synthesis and submission process for all registered virtual displays. While this mechanism can avoid unnecessary work in a pure single-system environment through underlying optimization, it exposes performance waste caused by frame rate linkage in virtualization architectures. The aforementioned existing technical solutions have the following problems: 1. Resource waste and load linkage: Ineffective synthesis, buffer operations and data transfer lead to waste of CPU, GPU and memory bandwidth.

[0032] 2. Performance bottleneck in virtualization environment: This problem is a performance degradation specific to virtualization architecture. 3. Low energy efficiency: Continuous and indiscriminate refresh increases system power consumption.

[0033] Its fundamental flaw lies in the fact that the virtualization channel disrupts the graphics display optimization chain, preventing the host system from utilizing the display state change information within the guest system.

[0034] This application embeds a pre-decision layer within the Android graphics compositor. Before data is transmitted across systems, it accurately determines which virtual displays need to be refreshed based on multiple natively available state signals within Android, intercepting invalid data streams at the source. This solves the problem of native graphics compositing pipeline optimization failure and "load linkage" caused by the gap in display state information between the Android operating system and the host Linux operating system in a Linux+Android dual-system architecture.

[0035] First, the vehicle's infotainment system responds to the vertical synchronization signal, determining which virtual screens need to be refreshed within the current cycle from the Android system's virtual screens. For example, a multi-dimensional dirty screen detection matrix can be established. A detection method can be created in SurfaceFlinger to perform this judgment. This judgment method can include the following three types.

[0036] First type: Reference Figure 2 The methods include: 210. Based on the graphics composition information of the virtual screen used in the graphics subsystem, detect whether the virtual screen involves screen changes.

[0037] 220. Identify the virtual screens that involve screen changes as virtual screens that need to be refreshed.

[0038] If a virtual screen involves image changes, it indicates that the image on the corresponding in-vehicle display has changed, and a refresh is required for that virtual screen. Detecting image changes in a virtual screen can be done using display-level dirty region detection. For example, by finding native methods and parameters, it can be determined whether the dirty region of each frame is empty, thus capturing geometric attribute changes. For instance, if the time on the main in-vehicle interface changes, the corresponding dirty region (the area of ​​image change) on the screen will not be empty, indicating that the virtual screen involves image changes. If image changes are detected in a virtual screen, it needs to be refreshed, and this virtual screen is identified as the one requiring refresh.

[0039] The second option is to refer to... Figure 3 The methods include: 310. Query the list of layers to be refreshed in the virtual screen of the graphics subsystem to obtain the layers to be refreshed.

[0040] 320. Determine the virtual screen corresponding to the layer to be refreshed as the virtual screen to be refreshed.

[0041] If there is a layer to be refreshed in the list of layers to be refreshed for a virtual screen, it means that the corresponding virtual screen needs to be refreshed, and it is identified as a virtual screen to be refreshed.

[0042] In some embodiments, the layer refresh list can be used to store layers that need to be refreshed when the application actively submits a new screen. For example, the layer refresh list can be a layersWithQueuedFrames list, which determines whether there is a new frame queue for the current display layer, thereby capturing application content updates. For example, when the navigation interface of a car system loads new traffic conditions, the layersWithQueuedFrames list will have new frames queued. At this time, it can be determined that the corresponding virtual screen needs to be refreshed and identified as the virtual screen to be refreshed.

[0043] In other embodiments, the layer refresh list can be used to store layers that are forcibly refreshed by internal system events, i.e., by the system kernel and system-level services. For example, the layer refresh list can be the mLayersPendingRefresh list, capturing forced refresh events triggered by the system. For instance, when the vehicle's infotainment system receives a "switch to night mode" command, the system triggers a refresh, and new frames will be queued in the mLayersPendingRefresh list. At this time, it can be determined that the corresponding virtual screen needs to be refreshed and identified as the virtual screen to be refreshed.

[0044] The third option is to refer to... Figure 4 The methods include: 410. Determine whether the virtual screen has changed attributes based on the transaction flag of the layer corresponding to the virtual screen in the graphics subsystem.

[0045] 420. Identify virtual screens with changing attributes as those that need to be refreshed.

[0046] Transaction flags are binary flags used to mark changes in layer attributes. They record modification requests for layers in terms of layout, display status, and geometric properties. By querying transaction flags, it can be determined whether layer attributes (such as position, size, opacity, and visibility) have changed. If attribute changes have occurred, the layer can be identified as a virtual screen that needs to be refreshed.

[0047] In this application, the above methods can be combined, for example, performing dirty region detection, layersWithQueuedFrames list query, mLayersPendingRefresh list query and transaction flag query simultaneously / stepwise, or performing only one of them.

[0048] 120. Perform graphics composition on the virtual screen to be refreshed.

[0049] Once the virtual screens to be refreshed are identified, the vehicle's infotainment system can dynamically construct a list of these screens. Only those deemed "needing to be refreshed" are added to the refresh list. This modifies the core logic of SurfaceFlinger's response to the VSync signal. In subsequent compositing pipelines, only the virtual screens in the refresh list undergo compositing strategy decisions, buffer operations, and final frame submission. For virtual screens not included in the list, their entire compositing and submission process (including GPU compositing, buffer operations, and data transfer to the host via virtio-gpu) is completely skipped.

[0050] 130. Send the synthesized graphic to the host system so that it can be displayed on the in-vehicle display screen of the host system corresponding to the virtual screen to be refreshed.

[0051] Once the composite graphic is obtained, it can be sent to the Linux system, whereby it will be displayed on the corresponding in-vehicle display. The vehicle system can then reset the virtual screen to be refreshed (e.g., clear the list of virtual screens to be refreshed) to determine a new virtual screen to be refreshed in the next vertical synchronization signal cycle, thereby automatically managing the lifecycle of the dirty state and ensuring the accuracy of the judgment.

[0052] The following effects can be achieved through the method described in this application: 1. It eliminates the "load linkage" phenomenon unique to virtualization architecture from the source, avoiding redundant processing of unrelated virtual screens.

[0053] 2. By reducing unnecessary graphics processing and data transmission, the system CPU consumption is effectively reduced, making it especially suitable for in-vehicle environments.

[0054] 3. Fully utilize the system's native interfaces, without intruding on the existing underlying architecture such as HWC / HAL, and the risk of modification is controllable.

[0055] 4. It can be integrated with debugging tools such as Systrace, which facilitates monitoring and optimization.

[0056] Therefore, the virtual display screen on-demand refresh method provided in this application, in response to a vertical synchronization signal, determines the virtual screens to be refreshed from the virtual screens of the graphics subsystem; performs graphics compositing on the virtual screens to be refreshed; and sends the composited graphics to the host system to display the composited graphics on the in-vehicle display screen of the host system corresponding to the virtual screens to be refreshed. Through this method, only the virtual screens determined to "need to be refreshed" can be added to the refresh list, thereby modifying the core logic of SurfaceFlinger in response to the VSync signal. In the subsequent compositing pipeline, only the virtual screens in the list to be refreshed undergo compositing strategy decisions, buffer operations, and final frame submission. For virtual screens not included in the list, their entire compositing and submission process is completely skipped, thereby reducing unnecessary graphics processing and data transmission, effectively reducing system performance consumption, and is particularly suitable for in-vehicle environments.

[0057] To facilitate better implementation of the virtual display screen on-demand refresh method provided in this application embodiment, a virtual display screen on-demand refresh device is also provided in one embodiment. The meanings of the terms used are the same as in the virtual display screen on-demand refresh method described above, and specific implementation details can be found in the description of the method embodiment.

[0058] This virtual display screen refresh-on-demand device can be integrated into computer equipment, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the virtual display screen on-demand refresh device may include: a determining unit 501, an execution unit 502, and a sending unit 503, as detailed below: The determining unit 501 is used to determine the virtual screen to be refreshed from the virtual screen of the graphics subsystem in response to the vertical synchronization signal. Execution unit 502 performs graphics composition on the virtual screen to be refreshed; The sending unit 503 sends the synthesized graphic to the host system so that the synthesized graphic can be displayed on the host's in-vehicle display screen corresponding to the virtual screen to be refreshed.

[0059] This application also provides an electronic device, which may be a server, such as... Figure 6 As shown, it illustrates a schematic diagram of the server structure involved in an embodiment of this application. Specifically: The server may include components such as a processor 1001 with one or more processing cores, a memory 1002 with one or more computer-readable storage media, a power supply 1003, and an input unit 1004. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 6 The server architecture shown does not constitute a limitation on the server and may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements. Wherein: The processor 1001 is the control center of the server, connecting various parts of the server through various interfaces and lines. It performs various server functions and processes data by running or executing software programs and / or modules stored in the memory 1002, and by calling data stored in the memory 1002, thereby providing overall monitoring of the server. Optionally, the processor 1001 may include one or more processing cores; preferably, the processor 1001 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles the operating system, user interface, and computer programs, and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication. It is understood that the modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 1001.

[0060] The memory 1002 can be used to store software programs and modules. The processor 1001 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 1002. The memory 1002 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, computer programs required for at least one function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the server, etc. In addition, the memory 1002 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device. Accordingly, the memory 1002 may also include a memory controller to provide the processor 1001 with access to the memory 1002.

[0061] The server also includes a power supply 1003 that supplies power to the various components. Preferably, the power supply 1003 can be logically connected to the processor 1001 through a power management system, thereby enabling functions such as charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system. The power supply 1003 may also include one or more DC or AC power supplies, recharging systems, power fault detection circuits, power converters or inverters, power status indicators, and other arbitrary components.

[0062] The server may also include an input unit 1004, which can be used to receive input numeric or character information, and generate keyboard, mouse, joystick, optical or trackball signal inputs related to user settings and function control.

[0063] Although not shown, the server may also include a display unit, etc., which will not be described in detail here. Specifically, in this embodiment, the processor 1001 in the server loads the executable files corresponding to the processes of one or more computer programs into the memory 1002 according to the following instructions, and the processor 1001 runs the computer programs stored in the memory 1002 to realize various functions, as follows: In response to the vertical synchronization signal, determine the virtual screen to be refreshed from the virtual screen of the graphics subsystem; Perform graphics composition on the refreshed virtual screen; The synthesized graphic is sent to the host system to be displayed on the in-vehicle display screen of the host system, which corresponds to the virtual screen to be refreshed.

[0064] Therefore, only virtual screens deemed "needing to be refreshed" can be added to the refresh list. This modifies the core logic of SurfaceFlinger's response to the VSync signal. In subsequent compositing pipelines, only virtual screens in the refresh list undergo compositing strategy decisions, buffer operations, and final frame submission. For virtual screens not listed, their entire compositing and submission process is completely skipped, thereby reducing unnecessary graphics processing and data transmission, effectively lowering system performance consumption, and making it particularly suitable for automotive environments.

[0065] For details on the implementation of each of the above operations, please refer to the previous examples, which will not be repeated here.

[0066] According to one aspect of this application, a computer program product or computer program is provided, comprising computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium (also referred to as a storage medium). A processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform the methods provided in the various optional implementations of the above embodiments.

[0067] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be performed by a computer program, or by a computer program controlling related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium and loaded and executed by a processor.

[0068] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide a storage medium storing a computer program that can be loaded by a processor to execute the steps of any of the virtual display screen on-demand refresh methods provided in embodiments of this application.

[0069] For details on the implementation of each of the above operations, please refer to the previous examples, which will not be repeated here.

[0070] The storage medium may include: read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, etc.

[0071] Since the computer program stored in the storage medium can execute the steps in any of the virtual display screen on-demand refresh methods provided in the embodiments of this application, the beneficial effects that any of the virtual display screen on-demand refresh methods provided in the embodiments of this application can achieve can be realized. For details, please refer to the previous embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0072] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of a virtual display screen on-demand refresh method, apparatus, computer device, and storage medium provided in the embodiments of this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method for refreshing a virtual display on demand, characterized in that, The method is applied to a car machine system, the car machine system comprises a graphics subsystem and a host system of the graphics subsystem, and the method comprises the following steps: In response to a vertical synchronization signal, determining a to-be-refreshed virtual screen needing refresh from virtual screens of the graphics subsystem; Performing graphics composition on the to-be-refreshed virtual screen; Sending a synthesized graphics obtained by the composition to the host system, so as to display the synthesized graphics on a vehicle-mounted display screen of the host system corresponding to the to-be-refreshed virtual screen.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of determining the to-be-refreshed virtual screen needing refresh from the virtual screens of the graphics subsystem comprises the following steps: Detecting whether the virtual screen involves picture change according to graphics composition information of the virtual screens of the graphics subsystem; Determining a virtual screen involving picture change as the to-be-refreshed virtual screen needing refresh.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of determining the to-be-refreshed virtual screen needing refresh from the virtual screens of the graphics subsystem comprises the following steps: Obtaining a to-be-refreshed layer by querying a layer to-be-refreshed list of the virtual screens of the graphics subsystem; Determining a virtual screen corresponding to the to-be-refreshed layer as the to-be-refreshed virtual screen needing refresh.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The layer to-be-refreshed list comprises a first layer to-be-displayed list and a second layer to-be-displayed list, wherein the first layer to-be-displayed list is used for storing layer refresh triggered by a system kernel and system-level service of the graphics subsystem, and the second layer to-be-displayed list is used for storing layer refresh triggered by an application in the car machine system.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of determining the to-be-refreshed virtual screen needing refresh from the virtual screens of the graphics subsystem comprises the following steps: Judging whether the virtual screen has attribute change according to a transaction mark of a layer corresponding to the virtual screen of the graphics subsystem; Determining a virtual screen having attribute change as the to-be-refreshed virtual screen needing refresh.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, After the step of sending the synthesized graphics obtained by the composition to the host system, the method further comprises the following step: Resetting the to-be-refreshed virtual screen, so as to determine a new to-be-refreshed virtual screen in a next vertical synchronization signal period.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The graphics subsystem is an Android system, and the host system is a Linux system.

8. A virtual display panel on-demand refresh apparatus, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: A determining unit is configured to determine a to-be-refreshed virtual screen needing refresh from virtual screens of the graphics subsystem in response to a vertical synchronization signal; An executing unit is configured to perform graphics composition on the to-be-refreshed virtual screen; A sending unit is configured to send a synthesized graphics obtained by the composition to the host system, so as to display the synthesized graphics on a vehicle-mounted display screen of the host system corresponding to the to-be-refreshed virtual screen.

9. An electronic device, comprising: The memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to run the computer program in the memory, so as to execute the virtual display screen on-demand refresh method in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A storage medium, characterized by The storage medium stores a plurality of computer programs, and the computer programs are adapted to be loaded by the processor, so as to execute the virtual display screen on-demand refresh method in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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