Combined heat and power and heat management system based on industrial and commercial energy storage system

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined heat and power and heat management system based on an industrial and commercial energy storage system, and relates to the technical field of energy storage technology and energy comprehensive utilization. Through intelligent control based on multi-source information such as the battery state, the environment temperature, the user heat requirement and the power grid electricity price, the system can be automatically and optimally switched among multiple modes such as independent heat dissipation, waste heat recovery and combined heat and power supply, heat management and heat recovery are combined, more accurate and more flexible temperature control can be provided for the battery and the PCS, and the system can be widely applied to the field of power supply. Particularly in a low-temperature environment, the stored heat is used for preheating the battery, so that the performance and the service life of the battery are guaranteed, natural gas or electric power consumed by a user for preparing hot water or heating is directly reduced, the operation cost is reduced, and the return on investment period of an energy storage project is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of energy storage technology and comprehensive energy utilization technology, specifically a combined heat and power and thermal management system based on industrial and commercial energy storage systems. Background Technology

[0002] Existing industrial and commercial energy storage systems mainly consist of energy storage batteries and power circuit breakers (PCS). During operation, energy storage batteries generate a significant amount of heat during charging and discharging, especially at high charging and discharging rates. Currently, this heat is primarily forced out using air-cooled or liquid-cooled units to maintain the batteries within their optimal operating temperature range. However, this heat is directly released into the environment, resulting in energy waste. Simultaneously, the PCS generates substantial heat from its internal power devices, such as IGBTs, during AC-DC conversion. To ensure reliable PCS operation, dedicated heat sinks or cooling fans are typically required to dissipate this heat to the external environment.

[0003] The traditional heat dissipation technologies described above have significant shortcomings: First, traditional energy storage systems dissipate heat from batteries using liquid cooling units or forced air cooling, a process that consumes a large amount of electrical energy. This energy consumption for temperature control is wasted, significantly reducing the overall energy efficiency of the energy storage system. Second, the waste heat (low-grade heat energy) generated during battery charging and discharging is usually directly discharged into the surrounding environment through radiators. This not only wastes energy but also creates a contradiction in cold seasons or scenarios requiring heating: the system consumes electrical energy to "cool" and dissipate heat, while users need to consume other energy sources (such as gas or electricity) to "heat." Furthermore, traditional energy storage systems only provide the "charging" and "discharging" of electrical energy, making them single-function electrical devices that cannot respond to common heat energy needs such as heating and hot water from industrial and commercial users. This results in a single value stream for energy storage systems (relying solely on peak-valley electricity price differences), high initial investment, and limited large-scale application.

[0004] Based on the above reasons, this invention proposes a combined heat and power and thermal management system based on industrial and commercial energy storage systems. This system can solve the application bottleneck problems of high energy consumption and low energy efficiency of battery thermal management itself, direct waste of a large amount of waste heat generated by batteries, unused resource waste, and the single function of energy storage systems, which cannot meet the diversified energy needs of users, resulting in a long investment return cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention converts waste heat energy into usable heat energy using a heat pump unit, significantly improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the energy storage system. Through intelligent control, combining thermal management with heat recovery, it provides more precise and flexible temperature control for the battery and PCS. Especially in low-temperature environments, the stored heat is used to preheat the battery, ensuring its performance and lifespan. This also directly reduces the natural gas or electricity consumed by users for hot water or heating, lowering operating costs and shortening the investment payback period for energy storage projects. Furthermore, heat recovery and utilization reduce fossil fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, while also reducing the thermal pollution of the local environment caused by the energy storage system, aligning with the green and low-carbon development direction.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a combined heat and power and thermal management system based on industrial and commercial energy storage systems, comprising:

[0009] The battery pack consists of multiple lithium-ion battery modules, which serve as the core energy storage medium. A battery liquid cooling plate is tightly attached to the bottom of each lithium-ion battery module.

[0010] The energy storage converter (PCS) is connected between the battery pack and the grid and the load to realize bidirectional conversion of AC and DC power. The power device surface of the energy storage converter is tightly attached with PCS liquid cooling plate.

[0011] The liquid cooling unit includes a first heat exchanger for internal heat exchange and a condenser for heat dissipation to the environment. The main thermal management loop is connected to the battery liquid cooling plate and the PCS liquid cooling plate through pipelines and a circulating pump to form a closed loop.

[0012] A heat pump unit includes a compressor, an evaporator, a condenser, and a throttling device. The evaporator side is selectively connected to the first heat exchanger via a valve to form a waste heat collection loop, and the condenser side is connected to a heat storage device.

[0013] A heat storage device for storing the high-temperature thermal energy generated by the heat pump unit;

[0014] The user-side heat load is connected to the heat storage device;

[0015] The intelligent control system is electrically connected to the battery management system, energy storage converter, various temperature sensors, pressure sensors, circulating pump, valves, and heat pump unit. The intelligent control system can realize the functions of data acquisition and dynamic switching of system operation modes.

[0016] Preferably, the intelligent control system integrates a data acquisition module and a mode control module;

[0017] The data acquisition module is used to collect battery temperature, ambient temperature, thermal storage device temperature, user heat load setpoint, and grid electricity price signal in real time.

[0018] The mode control module has multiple operating strategies pre-stored and dynamically switches the system's operating mode based on the input from the data acquisition module by controlling the opening and closing of valves and the start and stop of equipment.

[0019] Preferably, the intelligent control system has the following pre-stored operating modes:

[0020] Independent cooling mode: When the battery temperature is higher than the set upper limit and the user has no heat demand, the mode control module switches the valve to connect the main thermal management circuit to the liquid chiller condenser, while closing the passage to the heat pump evaporator. The circulation pump starts, and the battery heat is dissipated to the atmosphere through the liquid chiller condenser. The heat pump unit does not work.

[0021] Waste heat recovery mode: When the battery temperature needs to be controlled and the user has medium and low temperature heat demand, the mode control module switches the valve to connect the main thermal management loop to the heat pump evaporator, while closing the passage to the liquid cooling unit condenser, and starts the circulation pump and heat pump unit. After the battery waste heat is absorbed by the heat pump and its quality is improved, the high temperature heat energy is stored in the heat storage device through the condenser.

[0022] Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Mode: When the ambient temperature is low and users have high heating demand, the system prioritizes the waste heat recovery mode; when the battery waste heat is insufficient to meet the heating demand, the mode control module instructs the heat pump unit to switch to absorbing heat from the ambient air, working in conjunction with or independently of the battery waste heat to provide sufficient heat energy to the user side.

[0023] Battery heating mode: When the ambient temperature is too low and the battery temperature is below the normal operating range, the mode control module activates the auxiliary electric heater in the heat storage device to provide a heat source for the main thermal management circuit and preheat the battery at the same time.

[0024] Preferably, the heat storage device is a pressurized insulated water tank, which is equipped with a coil heat exchanger. The condenser side of the heat pump unit exchanges heat with the heat storage device through the coil heat exchanger.

[0025] Preferably, the user-side heat load includes one or more of the following: radiators, fan coil units, domestic hot water systems, or industrial process heat equipment.

[0026] Preferably, the heat pump unit is an air source heat pump unit, which has the ability to alternately or in parallel absorb heat from the main thermal management circuit and from the ambient air.

[0027] Preferably, the main thermal management circuit is switched by a valve and can be flexibly connected to the condenser of the liquid chiller or the evaporator of the heat pump. The valve includes either a three-way valve or an electric valve.

[0028] Preferably, the heat pump unit can be replaced by either a solid-state thermal management module based on thermoelectric semiconductors (TEC) or an indirect heat storage and thermal buffer module based on phase change materials (PCM).

[0029] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a combined heat and power and thermal management system based on industrial and commercial energy storage systems, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. This invention introduces a heat pump unit as an energy hub and works in conjunction with a switchable main thermal management loop to convert waste heat energy into useful heat energy, achieving the effect of "one unit of electricity, two uses". This is not just simple waste heat recovery, but also the use of heat pump technology to convert low-grade battery waste heat into useful heat energy that can meet high-grade needs such as heating and hot water. This makes the overall energy utilization efficiency of the energy storage system break through the limitations of the traditional charging and discharging mode, and the comprehensive energy efficiency is greatly improved.

[0032] 2. This invention enables the system to automatically and optimally switch between various modes such as individual heat dissipation, waste heat recovery, and combined heat and power through intelligent control based on multi-source information such as battery status, ambient temperature, user heat demand, and grid electricity price. By combining thermal management with heat recovery, it can provide more precise and flexible temperature control for batteries and PCS. Especially in low-temperature environments, it can use stored heat to preheat batteries, ensuring battery performance and lifespan. It also directly reduces the natural gas or electricity consumed by users to prepare hot water or heating, thereby reducing operating costs and shortening the investment payback period of energy storage projects.

[0033] 3. This invention reduces fossil fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions by recovering and utilizing thermal energy, while also reducing the thermal pollution of the local environment caused by the energy storage system, which is in line with the green and low-carbon development direction. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the system structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a system operation logic diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, and to address the problems of high energy consumption and low energy efficiency in battery thermal management, the direct disposal of large amounts of waste heat generated by batteries, the waste of unutilized resources, and the limited functionality of energy storage systems that cannot meet the diverse energy needs of users, this invention provides a more detailed description of a combined heat and power and thermal management system based on an industrial and commercial energy storage system.

[0037] refer to Figure 1-2 This invention relates to a combined heat and power (CHP) and thermal management system based on industrial and commercial energy storage systems, comprising:

[0038] The battery pack consists of multiple lithium-ion battery modules, which serve as the core energy storage medium. A battery liquid cooling plate is tightly attached to the bottom of each lithium-ion battery module.

[0039] The energy storage converter (PCS) is connected between the battery pack and the grid and the load to realize bidirectional conversion of AC and DC power. The power device surface of the energy storage converter is tightly attached with PCS liquid cooling plate.

[0040] The liquid cooling unit includes a first heat exchanger for internal heat exchange and a condenser for heat dissipation to the environment. The main thermal management loop is connected to the battery liquid cooling plate and the PCS liquid cooling plate through pipelines and a circulating pump to form a closed loop. The main thermal management loop is switched by a valve and can be flexibly connected to the liquid cooling unit condenser or the heat pump evaporator. The valve is a three-way valve.

[0041] A heat pump unit includes a compressor, an evaporator, a condenser, and a throttling device. The evaporator side is selectively connected to the first heat exchanger via a valve to form a waste heat collection loop. The condenser side is connected to a heat storage device. The heat pump unit is an air source heat pump unit, which has the ability to alternately or in parallel extract heat from the main thermal management loop and from the ambient air.

[0042] A heat storage device is used to store the high-temperature thermal energy generated by the heat pump unit. The heat storage device is a pressurized insulated water tank with a coil heat exchanger installed inside. The condenser side of the heat pump unit exchanges heat with the heat storage device through the coil heat exchanger.

[0043] The user-side heat load is connected to the heat storage device, and the user-side heat load is a radiator.

[0044] The intelligent control system is electrically connected to the battery management system, energy storage converter, various temperature sensors, pressure sensors, circulating pump, valves and heat pump unit. The intelligent control system can realize the functions of data acquisition and dynamic switching of system operation mode.

[0045] The intelligent control system integrates a data acquisition module and a mode control module.

[0046] The data acquisition module is used to collect battery temperature, ambient temperature, thermal storage device temperature, user heat load setpoint, and grid electricity price signal in real time.

[0047] The mode control module has multiple operating strategies pre-stored and dynamically switches the system's operating mode based on the input from the data acquisition module by controlling the opening and closing of valves and the start and stop of equipment.

[0048] The intelligent control system has the following pre-stored operating modes:

[0049] Independent cooling mode: When the battery temperature is higher than the set upper limit and the user has no heat demand, the mode control module switches the valve to connect the main thermal management circuit to the liquid chiller condenser, while closing the passage to the heat pump evaporator. The circulation pump starts, and the battery heat is dissipated to the atmosphere through the liquid chiller condenser. The heat pump unit does not work.

[0050] Waste heat recovery mode: When the battery temperature needs to be controlled and the user has medium and low temperature heat demand, the mode control module switches the valve to connect the main thermal management loop to the heat pump evaporator, while closing the passage to the liquid cooling unit condenser, and starts the circulation pump and heat pump unit. After the battery waste heat is absorbed by the heat pump and its quality is improved, the high temperature heat energy is stored in the heat storage device through the condenser.

[0051] Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Mode: When the ambient temperature is low and users have high heating demand, the system prioritizes the waste heat recovery mode; when the battery waste heat is insufficient to meet the heating demand, the mode control module instructs the heat pump unit to switch to absorbing heat from the ambient air, working in conjunction with or independently of the battery waste heat to provide sufficient heat energy to the user side.

[0052] Battery heating mode: When the ambient temperature is too low and the battery temperature is below the normal operating range, the mode control module activates the auxiliary electric heater in the heat storage device to provide a heat source for the main thermal management circuit and preheat the battery at the same time.

[0053] Specifically, the intelligent controller collects real-time data on battery temperature, water tank temperature, ambient temperature, and user thermal load setpoints. Its control strategy is as follows:

[0054] In the summer afternoon, when the battery is hot and has no heat demand, the system enters a separate heat dissipation mode, and the three-way valve connects to the liquid cooling unit for heat dissipation only.

[0055] In spring and autumn, when the battery temperature is moderate and there is a demand for domestic hot water, the system enters the waste heat recovery mode. The three-way valve connects to the heat pump evaporator, the heat pump starts, and the low-temperature waste heat from the battery is raised to above 55°C and stored in the water tank.

[0056] During winter nights, when heating demand is high, the system enters combined heat and power (CHP) mode. The controller prioritizes utilizing waste heat from the battery. When the heat is insufficient, it instructs the heat pump to extract heat from the air, working in conjunction with the battery waste heat to meet the heating demand.

[0057] In the early hours of winter, when the battery temperature is too low, the system enters the battery heating mode, using the residual heat in the water tank or an auxiliary electric heater to preheat the battery and ensure that it can be charged normally.

[0058] It is understood that the present invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined heat and power (CHP) and heat management system based on industrial and commercial energy storage systems, characterized in that, include: The battery pack consists of multiple lithium-ion battery modules, which serve as the core energy storage medium. A battery liquid cooling plate is tightly attached to the bottom of each lithium-ion battery module. The energy storage converter (PCS) is connected between the battery pack and the grid and the load to realize bidirectional conversion of AC and DC power. The power device surface of the energy storage converter is tightly attached with PCS liquid cooling plate. The liquid cooling unit includes a first heat exchanger for internal heat exchange and a condenser for heat dissipation to the environment. The main thermal management loop is connected to the battery liquid cooling plate and the PCS liquid cooling plate through pipelines and a circulating pump to form a closed loop. A heat pump unit includes a compressor, an evaporator, a condenser, and a throttling device. The evaporator side is selectively connected to the first heat exchanger via a valve to form a waste heat collection loop, and the condenser side is connected to a heat storage device. A heat storage device for storing the high-temperature thermal energy generated by the heat pump unit; The user-side heat load is connected to the heat storage device; The intelligent control system is electrically connected to the battery management system, energy storage converter, various temperature sensors, pressure sensors, circulating pump, valves, and heat pump unit. The intelligent control system can realize the functions of data acquisition and dynamic switching of system operation modes.

2. The combined heat and power and heat management system based on industrial and commercial energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control system integrates a data acquisition module and a mode control module. The data acquisition module is used to collect battery temperature, ambient temperature, thermal storage device temperature, user heat load setpoint, and grid electricity price signal in real time. The mode control module has multiple operating strategies pre-stored and dynamically switches the system's operating mode based on the input from the data acquisition module by controlling the opening and closing of valves and the start and stop of equipment.

3. A combined heat and power and heat management system based on industrial and commercial energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The intelligent control system has the following pre-stored operating modes: Independent cooling mode: When the battery temperature is higher than the set upper limit and the user has no heat demand, the mode control module switches the valve to connect the main thermal management circuit to the liquid chiller condenser, while closing the passage to the heat pump evaporator. The circulation pump starts, and the battery heat is dissipated to the atmosphere through the liquid chiller condenser. The heat pump unit does not work. Waste heat recovery mode: When the battery temperature needs to be controlled and the user has medium and low temperature heat demand, the mode control module switches the valve to connect the main thermal management loop to the heat pump evaporator, while closing the passage to the liquid cooling unit condenser, and starts the circulation pump and heat pump unit. After the battery waste heat is absorbed by the heat pump and its quality is improved, the high temperature heat energy is stored in the heat storage device through the condenser. Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Mode: When the ambient temperature is low and users have high heating demand, the system prioritizes the waste heat recovery mode; when the battery waste heat is insufficient to meet the heating demand, the mode control module instructs the heat pump unit to switch to absorbing heat from the ambient air, working in conjunction with or independently of the battery waste heat to provide sufficient heat energy to the user side. Battery heating mode: When the ambient temperature is too low and the battery temperature is below the normal operating range, the mode control module activates the auxiliary electric heater in the heat storage device to provide a heat source for the main thermal management circuit and preheat the battery at the same time.

4. A combined heat and power and heat management system based on industrial and commercial energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat storage device is a pressurized insulated water tank, which is equipped with a coil heat exchanger. The condenser side of the heat pump unit exchanges heat with the heat storage device through the coil heat exchanger.

5. A combined heat and power and heat management system based on industrial and commercial energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The user-side heat load includes one or more of the following: radiators, fan coil units, domestic hot water systems, or industrial process heat equipment.

6. A combined heat and power and heat management system based on industrial and commercial energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat pump unit is an air source heat pump unit, which has the ability to alternately or in parallel absorb heat from the main thermal management circuit and from the ambient air.

7. A combined heat and power and heat management system based on industrial and commercial energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main thermal management circuit is switched by valves and can be flexibly connected to the condenser of the liquid chiller or the evaporator of the heat pump. The valves include either three-way valves or electric valves.

8. A combined heat and power and heat management system based on industrial and commercial energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat pump unit can be replaced by either a solid-state thermal management module based on thermoelectric semiconductors (TEC) or an indirect heat storage and thermal buffer module based on phase change materials (PCM).

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