Data center phase change liquid cooling framework and machine room

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a data center phase change liquid cooling framework and a machine room. The framework comprises a cabinet located in a machine room, and a condensation unit, a water supply pipe and a water return pipe which are fixed in the machine room, the cabinet comprises a closed area capable of accommodating a phase change working medium, and an exhaust interface and a liquid return interface which are respectively communicated with the closed area; the condensation unit comprises a shell and a condensation pipe located in an inner cavity of the shell, a water inlet of the condensation pipe is communicated with the water supply pipe, and a water outlet of the condensation pipe is communicated with the water return pipe. The shell is provided with a liquid outlet connector and an air inlet connector, and the liquid outlet connector and the air inlet connector are communicated with an inner cavity of the shell. The liquid outlet connector of the condensation unit can be in butt joint with the liquid return connector of the cabinet to form a liquid return channel, and the air inlet connector of the condensation unit can be in butt joint with the exhaust connector of the cabinet to form an exhaust channel. Based on the architecture design of condensation unit and cabinet decoupling, the machine room space can be fully utilized to arrange the condensation unit, and independent evolution of the CDU and the cabinet is achieved.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411375345.5, filed on September 29, 2024, entitled “Data Center Phase Change Liquid Cooling Architecture and Server Room”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of data center technology, and in particular to a data center phase change liquid cooling architecture and server room. Background Technology

[0003] As data centers evolve towards higher power, higher integration, and ultra-large scale, the use of high-performance chips and integrated circuit components is becoming increasingly widespread, and heat flux density is rising daily. Traditional air-cooling systems can no longer meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-power components. Liquid cooling technology, based on its lower energy consumption and excellent heat dissipation capabilities, is being widely applied in high-power-density heat dissipation scenarios.

[0004] To ensure the stability and reliability of data center servers, the research and design of efficient cooling systems has become a key aspect of data center system design. Based on whether the liquid cooling medium is in direct contact with power devices, liquid cooling can be divided into indirect contact liquid cooling and direct immersion liquid cooling. Based on the state of the liquid cooling medium as it carries away heat, it can also be divided into single-phase liquid cooling and phase-change liquid cooling.

[0005] Taking data center servers as an example, in typical phase change immersion liquid cooling solutions, the heat generated by high-power devices in the server node is transferred to the liquid working fluid. After the liquid working fluid vaporizes, it liquefies again upon cooling at the condenser coil or condenser of the Coolant Distribution Unit (CDU). Based on the heat management and distribution of the CDU, the liquid working fluid, having released its heat, returns to the server node side to enter the next liquid cooling cycle. However, CDUs are usually integrated with server racks, resulting in excessive weight and hindering transportation and other operations. Limited space allocated to CDUs due to relocation and transportation constraints directly impacts the overall heat dissipation capacity of the system, making it unsuitable for the evolving performance needs of data center servers. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a data center phase change liquid cooling architecture and server room. By optimizing the phase change liquid cooling architecture, the coolant distribution device and the server rack are decoupled, providing technical support for the independent evolution of the CDU side and the server rack side.

[0007] The first aspect of this application provides a data center phase change liquid cooling architecture, which includes a cabinet located in a computer room, and a condensation unit, a water supply pipe, and a return pipe fixed in the computer room. The cabinet includes a cabinet body and nodes disposed within the cabinet body. Each node includes a power device to be cooled. The cabinet body has a sealed area for accommodating the phase change working fluid. The cabinet also includes an exhaust port and a return port. The exhaust port is connected to the sealed area within the cabinet body to discharge the gaseous working fluid from the sealed area. The return port is connected to the sealed area for accommodating the phase change working fluid to transport the liquid working fluid to the sealed area. The condensation unit includes a shell and a... The condenser tubes inside the shell have inlets connected to the water supply pipe and outlets connected to the return pipe. Cooling water can flow into the condenser tubes through the water supply pipe, complete heat exchange and temperature rise, and then flow into the heat exchanger through the return pipe. After completing heat exchange and temperature drop, the cooling water can flow back to the condenser unit through the water supply pipe. The shell is equipped with a liquid outlet and an air inlet, which are connected to the inner cavity of the shell respectively. The liquid outlet of the condenser unit can be connected to the liquid return port of the cabinet to form a liquid return channel, and the air inlet of the condenser unit can be connected to the exhaust port of the cabinet to form an exhaust channel, thus forming a phase change working fluid working cycle.

[0008] With this configuration, after the cabinet arrives at the site, the liquid outlet and air inlet provided by the condenser unit are connected to the liquid return and exhaust inlets on the corresponding cabinet, respectively, quickly forming liquid return and exhaust channels between the condenser unit and the cabinet. In this embodiment, the condenser unit, water supply pipes, and water return pipes are all located on the data center side, achieving decoupling between the condenser unit and the cabinet in the architecture. The CDU's condenser unit and cabinet can evolve independently. This allows for reasonable control of cabinet size and weight, facilitating cabinet relocation and deployment within the data center, and effectively reducing packaging, storage, and transportation costs.

[0009] In addition, the condenser unit of this phase change liquid cooling architecture is arranged on the side of the computer room, which can make full use of the computer room space to arrange the condenser unit to obtain the heat exchange capacity to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the rack. This can effectively avoid the problem that the overall heat exchange capacity of the condenser unit limits the performance evolution of the rack.

[0010] Based on the first aspect, this application also provides a first implementation method of the first aspect: There are multiple cabinets and multiple condensing units; the condensing units are connected one-to-one with the cabinets, or at least two cabinets are connected to one condensing unit, or one cabinet is connected to at least two condensing units. In practical applications, condensing units can be selected and configured according to the actual heat dissipation requirements of the cabinets to establish a corresponding phase change working fluid working cycle, exhibiting good adaptability. Based on its excellent heat dissipation capacity, the stable and reliable operation of the equipment in different application scenarios can be guaranteed.

[0011] In contrast, condensing units and cabinets can be set up one-to-one. The condensing units can be configured independently according to the heat dissipation requirements of the corresponding cabinets, which makes it easy to adjust and control the cooling capacity distributed to the corresponding cabinets and facilitates operation and maintenance.

[0012] In other practical applications, a single condenser unit can be integrated into multiple phase change immersion liquid-cooled cabinets. This condenser unit can connect to the exhaust and return interfaces of each cabinet via its air inlet and liquid outlet interfaces, respectively. Based on the resource-pooled condenser unit, a corresponding liquid cooling working cycle can be constructed. This further improves the utilization rate of the condenser unit's heat dissipation capacity.

[0013] Based on the first implementation of the first aspect, this application also provides a second implementation of the first aspect: multiple server racks in the computer room are arranged in multiple rows, with adjacent rows of server racks spaced apart. This can meet the configuration requirements for diverse computing capabilities.

[0014] Based on the first aspect, or the first implementation of the first aspect, or the second implementation of the first aspect, this application also provides a third implementation of the first aspect: the condensation unit is located above the server rack. For the phase change working fluid working cycle between the condensation unit and the server rack, based on the relative position of the condensation unit above the server rack, the liquid working fluid in the condensation unit can flow downwards into the server rack side through the return channel, achieving gravity return, which can further reduce the power consumption of the return drive and reduce the power usage effectiveness (PUE) of the data center. Overall, this provides a good technical guarantee for ensuring that the equipment in each server rack in the data center maintains continuous high-load operation and effectively improves efficiency.

[0015] In practical applications, the condensation unit can be located directly above the cabinet or above and to the side of the cabinet. In other words, the projections of the condensation unit and the cabinet on the computer room floor can completely overlap, partially overlap, or be completely offset.

[0016] For example, the projections of the condensing unit and the cabinet on the computer room floor at least partially overlap, or the projections of the condensing unit and the cabinet on the computer room floor do not overlap. In this way, the available space above the cabinet can be fully utilized to install the condensing unit, providing overall heat exchange capacity to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the cabinet or equipment.

[0017] Alternatively, the projected area of ​​the condensation unit on the computer room floor can be larger than the projected area of ​​the server rack on the computer room floor.

[0018] Based on the first aspect, or the first implementation of the first aspect, or the second implementation of the first aspect, this application also provides a fourth implementation of the first aspect: the condensing unit is located below the cabinet. In practical applications, the computer room may include a partition, with the space above the partition being the main equipment cavity and the space below the partition being the auxiliary equipment cavity. The cabinet is installed in the main equipment cavity, and the condensing unit is installed in the auxiliary equipment cavity. This arrangement fully utilizes the space of the auxiliary equipment cavity to achieve the condensing function. It can be applied to computer rooms with auxiliary equipment cavities formed by raised floors, and also to computer rooms with auxiliary equipment cavities formed by multi-story buildings.

[0019] Based on the first aspect, or the first implementation of the first aspect, or the second implementation of the first aspect, this application also provides a fifth implementation of the first aspect: the condensation unit is located beside the cabinet. In practical applications, the condensation unit is located on the side wall of the computer room, or the condensation unit is located between two adjacent rows of cabinets.

[0020] Based on the first aspect, or the first embodiment of the first aspect, or the second embodiment of the first aspect, or the third embodiment of the first aspect, or the fourth embodiment of the first aspect, or the fifth embodiment of the first aspect, or the second embodiment of the first aspect, this application also provides a sixth embodiment of the first aspect: the condensation unit further includes an air inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, both of which are fixed to the housing and communicate with the inner cavity of the housing respectively; the outer end of the air inlet pipe forms an air inlet interface, and the outer end of the liquid outlet pipe forms a liquid outlet interface. It features a simple and reliable structure and is easy to assemble and operate.

[0021] Based on the sixth embodiment of the first aspect, this application also provides a seventh embodiment of the first aspect: the condensing unit further includes a water supply pipe and a water return pipe; the inlet of the condensing pipe is connected to the water supply pipe, and the water supply pipe is connected to the water supply pipe; the outlet of the condensing pipe is connected to the water return pipe, and the water return pipe is connected to the water return pipe. It features a simple and reliable structure and is easy to assemble and operate.

[0022] Based on the seventh embodiment of the first aspect, this application also provides an eighth embodiment of the first aspect: Multiple condenser tubes are arranged in the inner cavity of the condensing unit's shell, and these multiple condenser tubes are connected in parallel between the water supply pipe and the water return pipe; each condenser tube includes multiple sequentially connected extension sections and bends, forming a meandering bend in the pipe layout plane; each condenser tube is arranged in layers, and the extension sections of adjacent layers of condenser tubes are staggered. With this arrangement, the cooling water flowing into each condenser tube has a relatively uniform low temperature, and the layered arrangement of the condenser tubes provides a higher heat exchange capacity, allowing the gaseous working fluid entering the condensing unit to be rapidly cooled and liquefied, effectively improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0023] For example, multiple condenser tubes can be arranged in layers at intervals in the vertical direction, providing a large contact area for cooling in the vertical direction within the condensation unit, thus providing a good technical guarantee for ensuring heat exchange efficiency.

[0024] Alternatively, the air inlet pipe, liquid outlet pipe, water supply pipe, and water return pipe can all be extended vertically to reasonably control the flow resistance of the phase change working fluid working cycle and the flow resistance of the cooling water working cycle on the secondary side, thereby further improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0025] In practical applications, the liquid outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe are fixed to the bottom wall of the housing. The inner opening of the liquid outlet pipe is no higher than the bottom wall surface of the housing's inner cavity; that is, the inner opening of the liquid outlet pipe can be flush with or lower than the bottom wall surface of the housing's inner cavity. The liquid working fluid falling and accumulating at the bottom of the housing can quickly replenish the liquid in the sealed area on the cabinet side. The inner opening of the air inlet pipe is at a predetermined distance from the bottom wall surface of the housing's inner cavity; this effectively controls the entry of liquid working fluid into the air inlet pipe, preventing liquid working fluid from entering the air inlet pipe and affecting the working fluid utilization rate within the system architecture.

[0026] Based on the first aspect, or the first implementation of the first aspect, or the second implementation of the first aspect, or the third implementation of the first aspect, or the fourth implementation of the first aspect, or the fifth implementation of the first aspect, or the sixth implementation of the first aspect, or the seventh implementation of the first aspect, or the eighth implementation of the first aspect, this application also provides a ninth implementation of the first aspect: both the water supply pipe and the return pipe are annular pipes, and in the pipe layout plane, the water supply pipe is located inside the return pipe, or the water supply pipe is located outside the return pipe. In this way, the internal space of the computer room can be fully utilized to arrange the water supply pipe and the return pipe, and the flow resistance can be reasonably controlled.

[0027] Based on the first aspect, or the first implementation of the first aspect, or the second implementation of the first aspect, or the third implementation of the first aspect, or the fourth implementation of the first aspect, or the fifth implementation of the first aspect, or the sixth implementation of the first aspect, or the seventh implementation of the first aspect, or the eighth implementation of the first aspect, or the ninth implementation of the first aspect, this application also provides a tenth implementation of the first aspect: the chassis sealing configuration of the node forms a closed area capable of accommodating the phase change working fluid. In practical applications, the cabinet includes multiple nodes, and the cabinet also includes an exhaust pipe and a return pipe; the exhaust port is located at the top of the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the chassis cavity of each node respectively, so as to discharge the gaseous working fluid in the chassis cavity; the return pipe is located at the top of the return pipe, and the return pipe is connected to the chassis cavity of each node respectively, so as to transport the liquid working fluid into the chassis. For cabinets decoupled from the CDU side, the configuration of exhaust pipes and return pipes connected to each node allows for the rapid construction of the corresponding phase change working fluid working cycle within the computer room. It has good operability.

[0028] In practical applications, a flow valve can be installed between the return pipe and the inlet of the node. When the power consumption of the devices to be cooled in each node of the cabinet is different, the opening of the flow valve can be adjusted according to the actual heat dissipation requirements of the node to achieve on-demand distribution of cooling capacity.

[0029] In other practical applications, a working fluid pump can be installed in the return liquid channel between the condenser unit and the cabinet. With this setup, when the cooling requirements of each cabinet are roughly the same, the liquid working fluid in the condenser unit flows downwards by gravity into the corresponding cabinet, achieving on-demand distribution of cooling capacity and saving on the configuration and operating costs of pumping components. When the cooling requirements of each cabinet are not entirely consistent, or when some cabinets experience high-power operation periods, the working fluid pump can be activated to achieve on-demand distribution of cooling capacity.

[0030] Additionally, an air pump can be installed in the exhaust channel between the condenser unit and the cabinet. This way, when the power consumption on the cabinet side is high and the vaporization of the liquid working fluid is excessive, the air pump can be used to increase the exhaust speed, effectively improving the system's heat exchange efficiency.

[0031] Based on the first aspect, or the first implementation of the first aspect, or the second implementation of the first aspect, or the third implementation of the first aspect, or the fourth implementation of the first aspect, or the fifth implementation of the first aspect, or the sixth implementation of the first aspect, or the seventh implementation of the first aspect, or the eighth implementation of the first aspect, or the ninth implementation of the first aspect, or the tenth implementation of the first aspect, this application also provides an eleventh implementation of the first aspect: the cabinet body is sealed to form a closed area capable of accommodating the phase change working fluid. This configuration can meet the application needs of different scenarios and has good adaptability.

[0032] The second aspect of this application provides a data center for housing server racks. The data center includes a fixedly installed condensing unit, a water supply pipe, and a return water pipe. The condensing unit includes a housing and condensing pipes located within the housing's inner cavity. The inlet of the condensing pipes is connected to the water supply pipe, and the outlet of the condensing pipes is connected to the return water pipe. The housing is provided with a liquid outlet and an air inlet, which are respectively connected to the inner cavity of the housing. The liquid outlet of the condensing unit is used to connect with the return liquid outlet of the server rack to form a return liquid channel, and the air inlet of the condensing unit is used to connect with the exhaust outlet of the server rack to form an exhaust channel. Based on the condensing unit, water supply pipe, and return water pipe installed on the data center side, the condensing unit is decoupled from the server rack, allowing for independent evolution of the CDU. This allows for full utilization of the data center space to arrange the condensing unit, effectively improving heat exchange capacity and providing a good technical guarantee for ensuring the evolution of server rack performance.

[0033] For example, the racks in the computer room include, but are not limited to, facilities or equipment such as servers, storage devices, switches, routers, and firewalls.

[0034] In practical applications, in addition to phase change immersion liquid-cooled cabinets, the data center's server room can also be equipped with cabinets or equipment with independently configured heat dissipation structures. For example, cabinets or equipment using air cooling, or cabinets or equipment using independent liquid cooling structures.

[0035] Based on the second aspect, this application also provides a first implementation method for the second aspect: the condensation unit is located above the server rack in the computer room. In this way, the liquid working fluid in the condensation unit can flow downwards into the server rack side through the return channel to achieve gravity return, which can further reduce the power consumption of the return drive and reduce the PUE of the data center.

[0036] In practical applications, the condensation unit can be located directly above the cabinet or above and to the side of the cabinet. In other words, the projections of the condensation unit and the cabinet on the computer room floor can completely overlap, partially overlap, or be completely offset.

[0037] For example, the projections of the condensing unit and the cabinet on the computer room floor at least partially overlap, or the projections of the condensing unit and the cabinet on the computer room floor do not overlap. In this way, the available space above the cabinet can be fully utilized to install the condensing unit, providing overall heat exchange capacity to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the cabinet or equipment.

[0038] Alternatively, the projected area of ​​the condensation unit on the computer room floor can be larger than the projected area of ​​the server rack on the computer room floor.

[0039] Based on the second aspect, this application also provides a second implementation of the second aspect: the condensation unit is located below the cabinet. In practical applications, the computer room may include a partition, with the space above the partition being the main equipment cavity and the space below the partition being the auxiliary equipment cavity. The cabinet is installed in the main equipment cavity, and the condensation unit is installed in the auxiliary equipment cavity, making full use of the space in the auxiliary equipment cavity to achieve the condensation function. This can be applied to computer rooms with auxiliary equipment cavities formed by raised floors, and also to computer rooms with auxiliary equipment cavities formed by multi-story buildings.

[0040] Based on the second aspect, this application also provides a third implementation of the second aspect: the condensation unit is located beside the cabinet. In practical applications, the condensation unit is located on the side wall of the computer room, or the condensation unit is located between two adjacent rows of cabinets.

[0041] Based on the second aspect, or the first implementation of the second aspect, or the second implementation of the second aspect, or the third implementation of the second aspect, this application also provides a fourth implementation of the second aspect: the condensing unit, the water supply pipe, and the return water pipe are all fixed inside the machine room; or, the condensing unit is fixed inside the machine room, and the water supply pipe and the return water pipe are fixed outside the machine room; or, the condensing unit, the water supply pipe, and the return water pipe are all fixed outside the machine room.

[0042] In practical applications, when the water supply and return pipes are fixed outside the computer room, they can be connected to the condensation unit fixed inside the computer room via the computer room ceiling. This way, when the water supply and return pipes require inspection and maintenance, operators do not need to enter the computer room, reducing the potential impact of maintenance operations on the computer room environment.

[0043] In other practical applications, where the condenser unit, water supply pipe, and return pipe are all fixed outside the computer room, the air inlet and liquid outlet of the condenser unit are left inside the computer room as interfaces with the phase change liquid cooling cabinet. Thus, after the cabinet is installed in the computer room, its exhaust and return interfaces are connected to the corresponding air inlet and liquid outlet of the condenser unit, respectively, reliably establishing a phase change working fluid cycle. This setup facilitates assembly, inspection, and maintenance operations on the computer room side, and allows for the pre-assembly of the computer room portion of the phase change liquid cooling architecture as needed, improving overall assembly efficiency.

[0044] Based on the second aspect, or the first embodiment of the second aspect, or the second embodiment of the second aspect, or the third embodiment of the second aspect, or the fourth embodiment of the second aspect, this application also provides a fifth embodiment of the second aspect: the condensation unit further includes an inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, both of which are fixed to the housing and communicate with the inner cavity of the housing respectively; the outer end of the inlet pipe forms an inlet port, and the inner port of the inlet pipe is at a predetermined distance from the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the housing; the outer end of the liquid outlet pipe forms a liquid outlet port, and the inner port of the liquid outlet pipe is not higher than the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the housing. It features a simple and reliable structure and is easy to assemble and operate.

[0045] Based on the fifth embodiment of the second aspect, this application also provides a sixth embodiment of the second aspect: the condensing unit further includes a water supply pipe and a water return pipe; multiple condensing tubes are arranged in parallel in the inner cavity of the shell between the water supply pipe and the water return pipe; the inlet of the condensing tube is connected to the water supply pipe, and the water supply pipe is connected to the water supply pipe; the outlet of the condensing tube is connected to the water return pipe, and the water return pipe is connected to the water return pipe. In this way, the cooling water flowing into each condensing tube has a relatively uniform low temperature, and the gaseous working fluid entering the condensing unit can be rapidly cooled and liquefied, which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in this application embodiment;

[0048] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the configuration of the data center phase change liquid cooling architecture on the server room side.

[0049] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the assembly relationship of the various server racks in the computer room.

[0050] Figure 5A schematic diagram of a server rack provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Another angle view of the cabinet shown;

[0052] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a condensation unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the condensation unit shown;

[0054] Figure 9 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the connectivity of the data center phase change liquid cooling architecture.

[0055] Figure 10 A schematic diagram illustrating the docking relationship between a cabinet and a condensation unit, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 11 for Figure 7 AA section view in the middle;

[0057] Figure 12 for Figure 7 BB section view in the middle;

[0058] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the connectivity of another data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in this application embodiment;

[0059] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Side view;

[0060] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of yet another data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in this application embodiment;

[0061] Figure 16 for Figure 15 The diagram shows the configuration of the data center phase change liquid cooling architecture on the server room side.

[0062] Figure 17 A schematic diagram of another data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in this application embodiment;

[0063] Figure 18 for Figure 17 The diagram shows the configuration of the data center phase change liquid cooling architecture on the server room side.

[0064] Figure 19 A schematic diagram of yet another data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in this application embodiment;

[0065] Figure 20for Figure 19 The diagram shows the configuration of the data center phase change liquid cooling architecture on the server room side.

[0066] Figure 21 A schematic diagram illustrating another connection between the cabinet and the condensation unit, provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 22 A schematic diagram of another data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in this application embodiment;

[0068] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of another data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0069] This application provides a heat management and distribution scheme for data center-level cooling, which allows for flexible layout of condenser units and can meet the heat dissipation requirements of data center servers.

[0070] A data center is used to centrally process, store, transmit, exchange, and manage data. Typically, a data center's server room contains facilities and equipment including, but not limited to, servers, storage devices, switches, routers, and firewalls, to provide diverse and comprehensive computing capabilities. To meet the ever-increasing intelligent demands of various industries, the computing power of data centers is increasing in tandem, leading to a significant increase in heat flux. During operation, data center equipment generates a large amount of heat, making effective cooling systems crucial for maintaining normal equipment operation and extending hardware lifespan.

[0071] To ensure the stability and reliability of data centers, the development of liquid cooling technology has become a key aspect of data center system design, especially immersion liquid cooling technology, which has attracted much attention in the industry due to its superior heat dissipation capabilities. Taking data center servers as an example, in a typical phase change immersion liquid cooling solution, the CDU is integrated with the server rack. The heat generated by the electronic components on the server node side is transferred to the liquid phase change working fluid (hereinafter referred to as the liquid working fluid). After reaching the boiling point of the working fluid, it vaporizes. The vaporized phase change working fluid (hereinafter referred to as the vaporized working fluid) liquefies upon cooling at the condenser coil or condenser of the CDU. Based on the heat management and distribution of the CDU, the liquid cooling working fluid, after releasing heat, returns to the server node side to enter the next liquid cooling cycle. The integrated configuration of CDU and server rack results in a large overall weight, which is not conducive to transportation and data center deployment. In addition, to meet the requirements of relocation and transportation of the entire system, the space that can be allocated to the CDU is limited, directly affecting its overall heat dissipation capacity and failing to meet the performance evolution needs of data center servers.

[0072] Based on this, this application provides a data center phase change liquid cooling architecture, which includes a phase change immersion liquid cooling cabinet located in the computer room, as well as a condensation unit, water supply pipe and return water pipe fixed in the computer room.

[0073] The phase change immersion liquid cooling cabinet includes a cabinet body and nodes. The nodes are located inside the cabinet, which has a sealed area to hold the phase change working fluid, allowing the power devices to be cooled at the nodes to be immersed in the liquid working fluid. The cabinet also includes an exhaust port and a return port. The exhaust port is connected to the sealed area inside the cabinet to discharge the gaseous working fluid from the sealed area, and the return port is connected to the sealed area inside the cabinet to transport the liquid working fluid to the sealed area.

[0074] The phrase "power devices of a node are immersed in liquid working fluid" here includes the scenario where the power devices to be cooled are completely below the liquid surface of the working fluid within the enclosed area, i.e., fully immersed; and the scenario where a portion of the structure of the power devices to be cooled is below the liquid surface of the working fluid, i.e., partially immersed. For partial immersion, for example, cooling capacity can be allocated according to the cooling requirements of different cabinets or nodes, controlling the amount of liquid working fluid in the corresponding cabinet or node so that the power devices to be cooled within that cabinet or node are partially immersed in the liquid working fluid; another example is that, according to the overall cooling capacity allocation control strategy of the system, during a specific working period, the amount of liquid working fluid returned to the corresponding cabinet or node is less than the amount of working fluid vaporization, so that the power devices to be cooled within that cabinet or node are partially immersed in the liquid working fluid, thereby reasonably regulating the system cooling capacity.

[0075] The condensing unit is fixedly installed on the machine room side. This unit includes a shell and condenser tubes located within the shell's inner cavity. The inlet of the condenser tubes is connected to the water supply pipe, and the outlet is connected to the water return pipe. Both the water supply and return pipes are also fixed to the machine room side. Cooling water flows into the condenser tubes through the water supply pipe, completes heat exchange and temperature rise, then flows into the heat exchanger through the water return pipe, completes heat exchange and temperature drop, and then flows back to the condensing unit through the water supply pipe. This forms a secondary cooling water working cycle.

[0076] The condenser unit has a liquid outlet and an air inlet on its housing, both of which are connected to the inner cavity of the housing. The liquid outlet connects to the liquid return port on the cabinet side to form a liquid return channel, and the air inlet connects to the exhaust port on the cabinet side to form an exhaust channel. This creates a phase change working fluid cycle.

[0077] The data center phase-change liquid cooling architecture provided in this application adopts a decoupled design between the condenser unit and the cabinet. The condenser unit, along with its supply and return water pipes, are all located on the server room side, enabling independent evolution of the CDU and the cabinet. After the cabinet arrives, the liquid outlet and air inlet ports provided by the condenser unit are connected to the corresponding liquid return and exhaust ports on the cabinet, quickly forming the liquid return and exhaust channels between the condenser unit and the cabinet. This configuration allows for reasonable control of cabinet size and weight, facilitating cabinet relocation and deployment within the server room, effectively reducing packaging, storage, and transportation costs. Furthermore, the location of the condenser unit on the server room side fully utilizes the available space to achieve sufficient heat exchange capacity to meet the cabinet's cooling requirements, effectively avoiding the limitation of the overall heat exchange capacity of the condenser unit on cabinet performance evolution.

[0078] To better understand the technical solutions and effects of this application, and without loss of generality, specific embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Please refer to... Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of a data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0079] like Figure 1 As shown, the server room 10 of the data center 100 is equipped with an array of phase change immersion liquid-cooled server racks 20. Exemplarily, the figure illustrates two rows of racks 20 arranged in a row, with adjacent rows spaced apart to form a passageway P for easy maintenance. In specific implementations, the number and arrangement of server racks 20 can be determined by fully utilizing the space of the server room 10, forming a multi-row, multi-column rack array to provide diverse computing capabilities; this application embodiment does not impose limitations. Furthermore, the server racks 20, which utilize phase change immersion liquid cooling technology for heat dissipation, can include nodes of different device types such as servers, storage devices, switches, routers, or firewalls. The specific type can be selected based on the overall functional design of the data center; this application embodiment does not impose limitations.

[0080] The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in this application embodiment consists of two parts: the server room side and the server rack side.

[0081] The condensing unit 30 of the CDU and the water supply pipe 41 and return pipe 42 of the secondary side pipeline are all fixed in the computer room 10 and connected to the cooling tower 51 of the computer room water system through the secondary side pipeline to distribute the cooling capacity of the cooling water to each cabinet 20 that needs to be cooled.

[0082] Please see also Figure 2 and Figure 3 ,in, Figure 2 This application provides a schematic diagram of the data center phase change liquid cooling architecture on the server side, representing an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the configuration of the data center phase change liquid cooling architecture on the server room side.

[0083] like Figure 2 As shown, the computer room water system 50 includes a cooling tower 51, a primary pump 52, a primary side piping network 53, a heat exchanger 54, and a secondary pump 55. The cooling tower 51 is connected to the heat exchanger 54 through the supply and return water pipes of the primary side piping network 53, and a primary pump 52 is installed between the cooling tower 51 and the supply water pipe of the primary side piping network 53, thereby forming a primary side cooling water circulation system. Figure 2 (Solid line arrow illustration). The heat exchanger 54 is connected to the supply water pipe 41 and return water pipe 42 of the secondary side piping network, and a secondary pump 55 is installed between the heat exchanger 54 and the supply water pipe 41, thereby forming a secondary side cooling water circulation ( Figure 2 (Solid line arrow illustration). During operation, the heated cooling water flowing out of the condensing unit 30 undergoes heat exchange in the heat exchanger 54 and becomes low-temperature cooling water. Under the action of the secondary pump 55, the low-temperature cooling water is transported to the condensing unit 30 through the water supply pipe 41.

[0084] It should be noted that the water system 50 in the computer room can also adopt other configurations, rather than being limited to the system structure shown in the figure. For example, but not limited to, the cold source of the water system in the computer room can also be water from the natural environment, rather than being limited to a cooling tower, as long as it can provide the cooling capacity required for heat dissipation of the equipment in the computer room and can remove the heat from the computer room. The embodiments in this application are not limited.

[0085] like Figure 3 As shown, the cooling tower 51, serving as the cold source, is located outside the computer room 10, while the condensation unit 30, water supply pipe 41, and return water pipe 42 are all fixed inside the computer room 10. In a specific implementation, other components of the computer room water system can also be located outside the computer room (not shown in the figure). Of course, in other possible implementations, the components of the computer room water system can also be located inside the computer room 10.

[0086] The condensation unit 30 located on the server room side includes an air inlet 311 and a liquid outlet 321. Correspondingly, the rack 20 side is provided with an exhaust outlet 211 and a liquid return outlet 221. Please refer to the relevant documentation for details. Figure 4 and Figure 5 ,in, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a server rack provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the assembly relationship of the various server racks in the computer room.

[0087] The cabinet 20 is built into the computer room 10. The exhaust port 211 of the cabinet 20 is connected to the air inlet port 311 of the condensing unit 30 so that the gaseous working fluid that is heated and vaporized in the cabinet 20 flows into the condensing unit 30. The liquid return port 221 of the cabinet 20 is connected to the liquid outlet port 321 of the condensing unit 30 so that the liquid working fluid that is cooled and liquefied in the condensing unit 30 is returned to the cabinet 20, thereby forming a phase change working fluid working cycle.

[0088] In its implementation, rack 20 includes rack body 24 and nodes 23. Multiple nodes 23 are located within rack body 24. Please refer to [the documentation for details]. Figure 6 , Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows another angle of the cabinet. Each node 23 has a sealed chassis, forming a closed area within the chassis to accommodate the phase change working fluid, allowing the power devices 232 to be cooled to be immersed in the liquid working fluid. These power devices 232 include, but are not limited to, processor chips, memory modules, network card chips, and SSDs. For different types of node devices, the power devices to be cooled can be of different types.

[0089] In this embodiment, all nodes 23 within the cabinet 20 are arranged sequentially along the height direction, i.e., a vertical cabinet. The cabinet 20 also includes an exhaust pipe 21 and a return pipe 22, which extend along the direction in which the nodes 23 are arranged. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the exhaust port 211 is located at the top of the exhaust pipe 21, and the exhaust pipe 21 is connected to the inner cavity of the chassis 231 of each node 23 to discharge the gaseous working fluid in the inner cavity of the chassis 231; the return liquid port 221 is located at the top of the return liquid pipe 22, and the return liquid pipe 22 is connected to the inner cavity of the chassis 231 of each node 23 to transport the liquid working fluid to the chassis 231 of each node.

[0090] In other implementations, the sealing nodes 23 within the cabinet 20 can also be arranged sequentially in a horizontal plane, i.e., a horizontal cabinet. Based on the exhaust pipe 21 and the return pipe 22, a phase change working fluid working cycle can also be constructed between each node 23 within the cabinet and the condensation unit 30. This application does not limit the specific implementation.

[0091] In other possible implementations, rack-level sealing can also be used on the rack side. That is, the rack 20 is sealed to form a closed area within the rack that can accommodate the phase change working fluid, so that the power devices to be cooled at each node 23 are immersed in the liquid working fluid (not shown in the figure). Similarly, an exhaust channel can be formed by connecting the exhaust port 211 of the exhaust pipe 21 to the air inlet port 311 of the condensing unit 30, and a return channel can be formed by connecting the return port 221 of the return pipe 22 to the liquid outlet port 321 of the condensing unit 30.

[0092] Please see also Figure 7 and Figure 8 ,in, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a condensation unit 30 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 for Figure 7 The diagram shows the internal structure of the condensation unit.

[0093] The condensation unit 30 includes an air inlet pipe 31, a liquid outlet pipe 32, a condenser pipe 33, and a housing 36. The condenser pipe 33 is located in the inner cavity of the housing 36. The air inlet pipe 31 and the liquid outlet pipe 32 are fixed on the housing 36 and are respectively connected to the inner cavity of the housing 36.

[0094] The inlet of condenser pipe 33 is connected to water supply pipe 34, and the outlet of condenser pipe 33 is connected to return water pipe 35. Water supply pipe 34 is connected to water supply pipe 41, and return water pipe 35 is connected to return water pipe 42. Please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 9 ,in, Figure 9 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the connectivity of the data center phase change liquid cooling architecture.

[0095] like Figure 9 As shown, cooling water flows into the condenser tube 33 via the water supply pipe 41 and the water supply connector 34 of the condenser unit 30. After heat exchange and temperature rise, it flows into the heat exchanger via the return water connector 35 and the return water pipe 42 of the condenser unit 30. After heat exchange and temperature drop, the cooling water can flow back to the condenser unit 30 via the water supply pipe 41. For example, the water supply connector 34 and the return water connector 35 shown in the figure are both vertically extended to reasonably control flow resistance and improve heat exchange efficiency. In other possible implementations, to meet the overall layout requirements of the architecture, the water supply connector 34 and the return water connector 35 can also be bent as needed, rather than being limited to the vertical extension shown in the figure.

[0096] The air intake pipe 31 extends downwards to form an air intake interface 311, which is used to connect with the exhaust interface 211 of the exhaust pipe 21 on the side of the cabinet 20; the liquid outlet pipe 32 extends downwards to form a liquid outlet interface 321, which is used to connect with the liquid return interface 221 of the liquid return pipe 22 on the side of the cabinet 20. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 10 The figure is a schematic diagram of the docking relationship between a cabinet and a condensation unit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0097] In this embodiment, the condensation unit 30, fixedly installed on the side of the computer room 10, is located above the cabinet 20. Thus, the power devices in the phase-change immersed liquid-cooled node generate heat, and the liquid working fluid is heated to above its boiling point and vaporizes, such as... Figure 10As shown by the dashed arrow, the gaseous working fluid exits at node 23 and rises through the exhaust pipe 21 of cabinet 20 into the condensing unit 30. The gaseous working fluid comes into contact with the condensing pipe 33 in the condensing unit 30 and liquefies upon cooling, as shown by the arrow. Figure 10 As shown by the solid arrow, the liquid working fluid can flow out of the condensation unit 30 by its own weight and then be returned to each node 23 through the return pipe 22 of the cabinet 20, completing one liquid cooling cycle. Based on the relative position of the condensation unit 30 above the cabinet 20, the liquid working fluid in the condensation unit 30 can flow downwards into the side of the cabinet 20 through the return channel, achieving gravity-driven liquid return. This further reduces the power consumption of the liquid return drive and lowers the PUE of the data center.

[0098] In a specific implementation, the condensation unit 30 can be located directly above the cabinet 20 or above and to the side of the cabinet 20. In other words, the projections of the condensation unit 30 and the cabinet 20 on the computer room floor can completely overlap, partially overlap, or completely offset.

[0099] In practical implementation, in the vertical direction, the air inlet 311 of the air inlet pipe 31 and the exhaust port 211 of the exhaust pipe 21 on the side of the cabinet 20 can be connected by an air path transition connector 81; similarly, the liquid outlet port 321 of the liquid outlet pipe 32 and the liquid return port 221 on the side of the cabinet 20 can be connected by a liquid path transition connector 82. This allows for reasonable control of the dimensions of the mating connections, and also improves the operability of cabinet assembly upon arrival at the site based on the appropriate transition connectors.

[0100] It is understandable that the gas path transition connector 81 and the liquid path transition connector 82 can be implemented using existing technologies, which will not be elaborated here.

[0101] For a cabinet-side implementation using node-level sealing, when the power consumption of the devices to be cooled at each node 23 within the cabinet 20 differs, the return volume of the liquid working fluid can be allocated according to the actual cooling requirements of the nodes. Here, "different power consumption" refers to the total power consumption of all devices to be cooled within each node being different. In specific implementations, a flow valve 70 can be installed between the return pipe 22 and the inlet of node 23 (e.g., ...). Figure 6 As shown, the opening of the flow valve 70 can be adjusted according to the actual heat dissipation needs to achieve on-demand distribution of cooling capacity.

[0102] For example Figure 8 As shown, the inner port 322 of the liquid outlet pipe 32 can be flush with or lower than the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the housing 36. In this way, the liquid working fluid falling and accumulating at the bottom of the housing 36 can quickly replenish the liquid in the sealed area on the side of the cabinet 20.

[0103] Additionally, the inner opening 312 of the intake pipe 31 is higher than the bottom wall surface of the inner cavity of the housing 36. Please refer to [other locations / sections]. Figure 11 and Figure 12 ,in, Figure 11 for Figure 7 AA section view, Figure 12 for Figure 7 The BB cross-sectional view in the figure. The inner port 312 of the intake pipe 31 can have a predetermined distance L between it and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the housing 36, so as to limit the entry of liquid working fluid into the intake pipe 31 and avoid the liquid working fluid from entering the intake pipe and affecting the working fluid utilization rate within the system architecture.

[0104] In a specific implementation, the distance L between the inner port 312 of the air inlet pipe 31 and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the housing 36 can be determined according to the overall design requirements of the product, taking into account the heat exchange capacity of the condenser unit side to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the cabinet side, such as, but not limited to, the amount of working fluid in the liquid cooling cycle and the heat exchange area provided by the condenser tube, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0105] For the condenser tubes 33 in the condensation unit 30, a serpentine, meandering arrangement can be adopted in the tube layout plane, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the condenser tube 33 includes multiple sequentially connected extension tube sections 331 and bent tube sections 332, forming a meandering shape. This allows for full utilization of the available space in the condenser unit 30 to provide heat exchange area. For example, the extension tube section 331 can be a straight tube section as shown in the figure, with adjacent straight tube sections connected by the bent tube section 332, offering good manufacturability.

[0106] To further improve heat exchange efficiency, multiple condenser tubes 33 can be installed inside the shell 36. The condenser tubes 33 are arranged in layers, and the inlet of each condenser tube 33 is connected to the water supply pipe 34, while the outlet of each condenser tube 33 is connected to the water return pipe 35. In other words, the multiple condenser tubes 33 of the condensing unit 30 are connected in parallel between the water supply pipe 34 and the water return pipe 35.

[0107] For example, the figure shows four condenser tubes 33 arranged in layers, illustrating the parallel connection between them. In this way, the cooling water flowing into each condenser tube 33 has a relatively uniform low temperature, and the layered condenser tubes 33 can provide a higher heat exchange capacity. The gaseous working fluid entering the condensation unit 30 can be rapidly cooled and liquefied, effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0108] In practice, each serpentine condenser tube 33 can be spaced apart in the vertical direction, and the extension tube sections 331 of adjacent condenser tubes 33 are staggered. Thus, a large cooling contact area can be provided in the vertical direction within the condensation unit 30, providing a good technical guarantee for ensuring heat exchange efficiency.

[0109] Furthermore, the condensing units 30 and the cabinets 20 can be configured one-to-one. Referring to Figure 9, corresponding to the rows of cabinets 20, the condensing units 30 are also arranged in rows, each condensing unit 30 located above its corresponding cabinet 20, forming a liquid cooling working cycle. In this way, the corresponding condensing units 30 can be independently configured according to the heat dissipation requirements of the respective cabinet 20, facilitating targeted adjustment and control of the cooling capacity distributed to the corresponding cabinet 20, and simplifying maintenance operations.

[0110] In other specific implementations, the condensation unit 30 and the cabinet 20 can also be configured in a non-one-to-one correspondence manner.

[0111] For example, the condensing unit 30 fixed on the side of the computer room 10 can be configured to have a large heat exchange capacity. The condensing unit 30 can be set up for multiple cabinets 20. In other words, multiple cabinets 20 and the same condensing unit 30 respectively form a liquid cooling cycle.

[0112] For example, for a cabinet 20 with high power consumption, multiple condensing units 30 can be set up accordingly. In other words, the cabinet 20 and multiple condensing units 30 respectively form a liquid cooling cycle.

[0113] Furthermore, to simplify the secondary side piping network, the supply water pipe 41 and return water pipe 42 can be configured as an enclosed ring pipe, connecting to the supply water pipe 34 and return water pipe 35 of each condensing unit 30 respectively, thus forming a cooling water working cycle on the secondary side. This configuration allows for reasonable control of flow resistance.

[0114] In a specific implementation, within the pipe layout plane, the annular water supply pipe 41 can be located inside the annular water return pipe 42; of course, in other specific implementations, the annular water supply pipe 41 can also be located outside the annular water return pipe 42. This application does not limit the specific implementation.

[0115] Based on the decoupled architecture design of the condensing unit and the cabinet provided in this application embodiment, the condensing unit 30 and the cabinet can be configured independently to improve equipment performance and achieve good heat dissipation. Please also refer to... Figure 13 and Figure 14 ,in, Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connectivity of another data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 14 for Figure 13 A side view. To clearly illustrate the differences and connections between this embodiment and the foregoing embodiments, components or structures with the same function are shown with the same reference numerals in the figures.

[0116] like Figure 14As shown, the condensing units 30 of the phase change liquid cooling architecture of this data center are arranged above the rows of cabinets 20. Some of the condensing units 30 are located directly above the cabinets 20, while others are located above the areas adjacent to the cabinets 20. For example, but not limited to, some condensing units 30 are arranged directly above the passage P between two adjacent rows of cabinets 20. By increasing the volume of the condensing units 30, more space is available for the condensing pipes inside the condensing units 30, thereby improving the overall heat exchange capacity of the condensing units 30.

[0117] In this way, the condensing units 30 can be arranged according to the heat dissipation requirements of the equipment in the computer room, making full use of the available space. In specific implementation, the projected area of ​​each condensing unit 30 on the computer room floor is larger than the projected area of ​​each server rack 20 on the computer room floor.

[0118] Furthermore, based on the decoupled architecture design of the condensing unit and the cabinet provided in this application embodiment, the vertical space within the computer room 10 can be fully utilized and rationally allocated to the condensing unit 30, increasing the volume of the condensing unit 30 without increasing its horizontal space occupation. In other words, by increasing the available space for condensing pipes within the condensing unit 30, the heat exchange capacity is improved.

[0119] For each rack 20 within the computer room 10, when the heat dissipation requirements of each rack are roughly the same, the liquid working fluid in the condensation unit 30 flows downwards into the corresponding rack 20 based on its own weight, enabling on-demand distribution of cooling capacity. In comparison, this can save on the configuration and operating costs of pumping components.

[0120] In a practical implementation, a working fluid pump 60 (such as...) can also be installed on the return liquid channel between the condensation unit 30 and the corresponding cabinet 20. Figure 10 (As shown), increase the return fluid flow rate. For example, when the heat dissipation requirements of each cabinet are not completely consistent, or when some cabinets have high power consumption periods, a working fluid pump can be used to distribute the cooling capacity on demand.

[0121] Of course, for multiple phase change immersion liquid-cooled cabinets 20, a condensing unit (not shown in the figure) can also be integrated and configured according to the overall architecture design requirements. The condensing unit can be connected to the exhaust port and liquid return port of each cabinet through the air inlet and liquid outlet ports, respectively. Based on the resource-pooled condensing unit, a corresponding liquid cooling working cycle can be constructed. In this way, the utilization rate of the condensing unit's heat dissipation capacity can be further improved. It should be noted that, in addition to the phase change immersion liquid-cooled cabinets 20 that achieve heat dissipation based on the aforementioned data center phase change liquid cooling architecture, the computer room 10 of this data center can also be equipped with cabinets or equipment with independently configured heat dissipation structures. For example, cabinets or equipment using air cooling, or cabinets or equipment using independent liquid cooling structures. This application embodiment is not limited.

[0122] In the aforementioned implementation scheme, the water supply pipe 41 and return pipe 42 are fixed inside the machine room 10. However, in practice, the water supply pipe 41 and return pipe 42 of the secondary side network can also be located outside the machine room. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 15 and Figure 16 ,in, Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of yet another data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 16 for Figure 15 The diagram shows the server room side configuration of the data center phase change liquid cooling architecture. To clearly illustrate the differences and connections between this embodiment and the aforementioned embodiments, components or structures with the same functions are shown with the same reference numerals in the diagram.

[0123] Figure 15 The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture shown has its water supply pipe 41 and return pipe 42 fixed to the outside of the computer room 10. In a specific implementation, both are connected to the condensation unit 30 fixed inside the computer room 10 via the top wall of the computer room 10. In this way, when the water supply pipe 41 and return pipe 42 need to be inspected and maintained, operators do not need to enter the computer room, which can further reduce the potential impact of operation and maintenance on the internal environment of the computer room.

[0124] Other functional components and specific implementations can be the same as those in the aforementioned embodiments. They will not be repeated here.

[0125] In other implementations, the condensation unit 30 can also be located outside the computer room. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 17 and Figure 18 ,in, Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of another data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 18 for Figure 17 The diagram shows the server room side configuration of the data center phase change liquid cooling architecture. To clearly illustrate the differences and connections between this embodiment and the aforementioned embodiments, components or structures with the same functions are shown with the same reference numerals in the diagram.

[0126] Figure 17 The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture shown has its condenser unit 30, water supply pipe 41, and return pipe 42 fixed outside the computer room 10, while the air inlet and liquid outlet of the condenser unit 30 are located inside the computer room 10. In other words, compared to the previous embodiment, this implementation only leaves the air inlet and liquid outlet of the condenser unit 30 inside the computer room 10, serving as interfaces with the phase change liquid cooling cabinet 20. Thus, after the cabinet 20 is installed in the computer room 10, connecting its exhaust and return interfaces to the corresponding air inlet and liquid outlet of the condenser unit 30 reliably establishes a phase change working fluid cycle. This configuration facilitates assembly, inspection, and maintenance operations on the computer room side, and allows for pre-assembly of the computer room portion of the phase change liquid cooling architecture as needed, improving overall assembly efficiency.

[0127] Other functional components and specific implementations can be the same as those in the aforementioned embodiments. They will not be repeated here.

[0128] In the aforementioned implementation scheme, the condensation units 30 are all arranged above the cabinet 20. In specific implementations, the condensation units 30 fixed on the side of the computer room can also adopt different arrangement methods according to the overall product design requirements.

[0129] Please see Figure 19 and Figure 20 ,in, Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of yet another data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 20 for Figure 19 The diagram shows the server room side configuration of the data center phase change liquid cooling architecture. To clearly illustrate the differences and connections between this embodiment and the aforementioned embodiments, components or structures with the same functions are shown with the same reference numerals in the diagram.

[0130] Figure 19 The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture shown has a condenser unit 30 located below the server rack 20. Specifically, the server room 10 includes a floor 101, which divides the server room 10 into a main equipment chamber 102 and an auxiliary equipment chamber 103. The server rack 20 is located in the main equipment chamber 102 above the floor 101, while the condenser unit 30, water supply pipe 41, and water return pipe 42 are all fixed in the auxiliary equipment chamber 103 below the floor 101. A working fluid pump 60 is installed on the return liquid channel between the condenser unit 30 and the corresponding server rack 20.

[0131] Please see also Figure 21 This figure is a schematic diagram illustrating another connection between the cabinet and the condensation unit provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 21 As shown by the dashed arrow, after the liquid working fluid is heated to above its boiling point and vaporizes, the vaporized working fluid exits through node 23 and flows down through the exhaust pipe 21 of cabinet 20 into condensation unit 30. The vaporized working fluid comes into contact with the condenser pipe 33 in condensation unit 30 and liquefies upon cooling, as shown by the dashed arrow. Figure 21 As shown by the solid arrow, the working fluid can be pumped out of the condensation unit 30 by the working fluid pump 60 and then returned to each node 23 through the return pipe 22 of the cabinet 20 to complete one liquid cooling working cycle.

[0132] In practical implementation, an air pump 80 can be installed in the exhaust channel between the condensation unit 30 and the corresponding cabinet 20 to increase the exhaust speed. For example, when the power consumption on the cabinet side is high and the vaporization of the liquid working fluid is excessive, the air pump 80 can be used to increase the exhaust speed. This can effectively improve the system's heat exchange efficiency and has good adaptability.

[0133] Additionally, the cooling tower 51, serving as the cold source, is located outside the machine room 10 and is fixedly installed in the auxiliary equipment cavity 103 along with the condensation unit 30, water supply pipe 41, and return water pipe 42. Correspondingly, other components of the machine room water system can also be located within the auxiliary equipment cavity 103 (not shown in the figure). Of course, in other implementations, the components of the machine room water system can also be located inside the main equipment cavity 102 of the machine room 10 (not shown in the figure). In other possible implementations, the components of the machine room water system can also be located outside the machine room 10 (not shown in the figure). This application does not limit the scope of the embodiments.

[0134] It is understandable that the main equipment cavity 102 and the auxiliary equipment cavity 103 can be separated by the floor 101 erected within the computer room 10. In other specific implementations, the main equipment cavity 102 and the auxiliary equipment cavity 103 can also be floor slabs of a two-story computer room 10 structure (not shown in the figure). That is, with the floor slab as the separator, the main equipment cavity 102 is the upper space above the floor slab, and the main equipment cavity 103 is the lower space below the floor slab. For example, the main equipment cavity 102 is located on the first floor of the computer room, and the auxiliary equipment cavity 103 is located in the basement of the computer room; or, for another example, the main equipment cavity 102 is located on the second floor of the computer room, and the auxiliary equipment cavity 103 is located on the first floor of the computer room.

[0135] Other functional components and specific implementations can be the same as those in the aforementioned embodiments. They will not be repeated here.

[0136] Please see Figure 22 This figure is a schematic diagram of another data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. In order to clearly illustrate the differences and connections between this embodiment and the foregoing embodiments, the same functional components or structures are shown in the figure with the same markings.

[0137] Figure 22 The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture shown has a condensation unit 30 located next to the rack 20, specifically arranged in the channel P between two adjacent rows of racks 20, which can make full use of the space between multiple rows and columns of rack arrays to achieve the condensation function.

[0138] In a specific implementation, the condensation unit 30 can be located entirely within the passageway P between two adjacent rows of cabinets 20, or it can be arranged beyond the two adjacent rows of cabinets 20 in the height direction. The specific arrangement can be determined according to the overall product design requirements. This application does not limit the specific implementation.

[0139] Correspondingly, the water supply pipe 41 and the return water pipe 42 can also be fixedly installed inside the machine room, or fixedly installed outside the machine room (not shown in the figure). Other functional configurations and specific implementations can be the same as those in the aforementioned embodiments. They will not be described again here.

[0140] Please see Figure 23 This figure is a schematic diagram of another data center phase change liquid cooling architecture provided in an embodiment of this application. In order to clearly show the differences and connections between this embodiment and the foregoing embodiments, the same functional components or structures are indicated by the same reference numerals in the figure.

[0141] Figure 23 The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture shown has its condenser unit 30 located beside the cabinet 20, specifically arranged on the side wall of the computer room 10. In specific implementations, the condenser unit 30 can be arranged on part of the side wall of the computer room 10, or it can be arranged on all the side walls of the computer room 10, depending on the overall product design requirements. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0142] Correspondingly, the water supply pipe 41 and the return water pipe 42 can also be fixedly installed inside the machine room, or fixedly installed outside the machine room (not shown in the figure). Other functional configurations and specific implementations can be the same as those in the aforementioned embodiments. They will not be described again here.

[0143] Of course, in other possible implementation schemes, the condensing units 30 can be arranged in combination with the above implementation methods. For example, some condensing units 30 are arranged above the cabinet 20, and some condensing units 30 are arranged on the side of the cabinet 20; for another example, some condensing units 30 are arranged above the cabinet 20, and some condensing units 30 are arranged in the passage P between two adjacent rows of cabinets 20; for yet another example, some condensing units 30 are arranged on the side wall of the computer room 10, and some condensing units 30 are arranged in the auxiliary equipment cavity 103 of the computer room.

[0144] It should be understood that other functional components of the data center can be implemented based on existing technologies, so they will not be elaborated upon in this article.

[0145] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A data center phase change liquid cooling architecture, comprising: The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture comprises cabinets in a machine room, and a condensing unit, a water supply pipe and a return water pipe fixed to the machine room; The cabinet comprises a cabinet body and a node arranged in the cabinet body, the node comprising a power device to be cooled, and the cabinet body having a closed area capable of containing a phase change working medium; the cabinet further comprises an exhaust interface and a return liquid interface, which are respectively communicated with the closed area capable of containing the phase change working medium; The condensing unit comprises a shell and a condensing pipe in the inner cavity of the shell, the water inlet of the condensing pipe being communicated with the water supply pipe, and the water outlet of the condensing pipe being communicated with the return water pipe; the shell is provided with a liquid outlet interface and an air inlet interface, which are respectively communicated with the inner cavity of the shell; The liquid outlet interface of the condensing unit can be docked with the return liquid interface of the cabinet to form a return liquid channel, and the air inlet interface of the condensing unit can be docked with the exhaust interface of the cabinet to form an exhaust channel.

2. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 1, wherein, The number of the cabinets is multiple, and the number of the condensing units is multiple; the condensing units are connected with the cabinets one by one, or at least two cabinets are connected with one condensing unit, or one cabinet is connected with at least two condensing units.

3. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 2, wherein, The multiple cabinets are arranged in multiple rows, and adjacent two rows of the cabinets are arranged at intervals.

4. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any of claims 1-3, wherein, The condensing unit is located above the cabinet.

5. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 4, wherein, The projections of the condensing unit and the cabinet on the floor surface of the machine room at least partially overlap, or the projections of the condensing unit and the cabinet on the floor surface of the machine room do not overlap.

6. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any of claims 1-3, wherein, The condensing unit is located below the cabinet.

7. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 6, wherein, The machine room comprises a partition plate, the space above the partition plate being a main device cavity, and the space below the partition plate being an auxiliary device cavity, the cabinet being arranged in the main device cavity, and the condensing unit being arranged in the auxiliary device cavity.

8. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any of claims 1-3, wherein, The condensing unit is located beside the cabinet.

9. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 8, wherein, The condensing unit is located on the side wall of the machine room, or the condensing unit is located between adjacent two rows of the cabinets.

10. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any of claims 1-9, wherein, The condensing unit further comprises an air inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, both of which are fixed to the shell and are respectively communicated with the inner cavity of the shell; the outer pipe end of the air inlet pipe forms the air inlet interface, and the outer pipe end of the liquid outlet pipe forms the liquid outlet interface.

11. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 10, wherein, The condensing unit further comprises a water supply connecting pipe and a return water connecting pipe; the water inlet of the condensing pipe is communicated with the water supply connecting pipe, and the water supply connecting pipe is communicated with the water supply pipe; the water outlet of the condensing pipe is communicated with the return water connecting pipe, and the return water connecting pipe is communicated with the return water pipe.

12. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 11, wherein, The inner cavity of the shell is provided with multiple condensing pipes, and the multiple condensing pipes are connected in parallel between the water supply connecting pipe and the return water connecting pipe; the condensing pipe comprises multiple extension pipe sections and bending pipe sections connected in sequence and arranged in a meandering and bending shape in a pipe arrangement plane; the condensing pipes are arranged in layers, and the extension pipe sections of adjacent two layers of the condensing pipes are arranged in a staggered manner.

13. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 12, wherein, The multiple condensing pipes are arranged in layers at intervals in the vertical direction.

14. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any of claims 11-13, wherein, The air inlet pipe, the liquid outlet pipe, the water supply connecting pipe and the return water connecting pipe are all arranged in the vertical direction.

15. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 14, wherein, The liquid outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe are fixed to the bottom wall of the shell, the inner pipe opening of the liquid outlet pipe is not higher than the inner cavity bottom wall surface of the shell, and a predetermined distance is provided between the inner pipe opening of the air inlet pipe and the inner cavity bottom wall surface of the shell.

16. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any of claims 1-15, wherein, The water supply pipe and the water return pipe are annular pipes, and in the pipe arrangement plane of the water supply pipe and the water return pipe, the water supply pipe is located on the inner side of the water return pipe, or the water supply pipe is located on the outer side of the water return pipe.

17. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any of claims 1-16, wherein, The node cabinet is sealed to form a closed area capable of containing the phase change working medium.

18. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 17, wherein, The cabinet includes a plurality of nodes, and further includes an exhaust pipe and a liquid return pipe; the exhaust interface is located at the top of the exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe is in communication with the inner cavities of the node cabinets respectively to exhaust the vapor state working medium in the inner cavities of the node cabinets; The liquid return interface is located at the top of the liquid return pipe, and the liquid return pipe is in communication with the inner cavities of the node cabinets respectively to deliver the liquid state working medium to the node cabinets.

19. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of claim 18, wherein, A flow valve is arranged between the liquid return pipe and the liquid inlet of the node.

20. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein, A working medium pump is arranged on the liquid return channel between the condensing unit and the cabinet.

21. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein, An air pump is arranged on the exhaust channel between the condensing unit and the cabinet.

22. The data center phase change liquid cooling architecture of any of claims 1-16, wherein, The cabinet body is sealed to form a closed area capable of containing the phase change working medium.

23. A machine room for housing a rack, characterized by The machine room includes a fixedly arranged condensing unit, a water supply pipe and a water return pipe; The condensing unit includes a shell and a condensing pipe located in the inner cavity of the shell, the water inlet of the condensing pipe is in communication with the water supply pipe, and the water outlet of the condensing pipe is in communication with the water return pipe; the shell is provided with a liquid outlet interface and an air inlet interface, and the liquid outlet interface and the air inlet interface are in communication with the inner cavity of the shell respectively; The liquid outlet interface of the condensing unit is used to dock with the liquid return interface of the cabinet to form a liquid return channel, and the air inlet interface of the condensing unit is used to dock with the exhaust interface of the cabinet to form an exhaust channel.

24. The machine room of claim 23, wherein, The condensing unit is located above the cabinet in the machine room.

25. The machine room of claim 23, wherein, The condensing unit is located below the cabinet.

26. The machine room of claim 25, wherein, The machine room includes a partition plate, the space above the partition plate is a main device cavity, the space below the partition plate is an auxiliary device cavity, the cabinet is arranged in the main device cavity, and the condensing unit is arranged in the auxiliary device cavity.

27. The machine room of claim 23, wherein, The condensing unit is located beside the cabinet.

28. The machine room of claim 27, wherein, The condensing unit is located on the side wall of the machine room, or the condensing unit is located between two adjacent rows of cabinets.

29. The machine room according to any one of claims 23 to 28, wherein, The condensing unit, the water supply pipe and the water return pipe are fixed to the interior of the machine room; or the condensing unit is fixed to the interior of the machine room, and the water supply pipe and the water return pipe are fixed to the exterior of the machine room; or the condensing unit, the water supply pipe and the water return pipe are fixed to the exterior of the machine room.

30. The machine room according to any one of claims 23 to 29, wherein, The condensing unit further includes an air inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, both of which are fixed to the shell and in communication with the inner cavity of the shell respectively; the outer pipe end of the air inlet pipe forms the air inlet interface, and the outer pipe end of the liquid outlet pipe forms the liquid outlet interface.

31. The machine room of claim 30, wherein, The condensing unit further comprises a water supply connector and a water return connector; a plurality of the condensing pipes are arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, and the plurality of the condensing pipes are arranged in parallel between the water supply connector and the water return connector; the water inlet of the condensing pipe is communicated with the water supply connector, and the water supply connector is communicated with the water supply pipe; the water outlet of the condensing pipe is communicated with the water return connector, and the water return connector is communicated with the water return pipe.

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