Color film substrate, display panel and display device

Abstract

The invention discloses a color film substrate, a display panel and a display device, and relates to the technical field of display. A variable color film (1033) in a color film layer (103) included in the color film substrate (10) can regulate and control the color based on a second color and a third color under the control of a fixed signal end and a driving circuit. Therefore, under the condition that the brightness of the second color displayed by the second pixel area (a2) in the display panel (01) is low, the brightness of the second color displayed by the display panel (01) can be improved by regulating and controlling the color proportion of the second color in the color changing film (1033), and the display effect of the display panel (01) is ensured.

Description

Color film substrate, display panel and display device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a color film substrate, a display panel, and a display device. Background Art

[0002] Quantum dot organic light emitting diodes (QD-OLED) display panels have gradually become a competitor to OLED due to their advantages such as high light color purity, high luminous quantum efficiency and easy adjustment of luminous color.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a color film substrate, a display panel, and a display device, and the technical solutions are as follows:

[0005] In one aspect, a color film substrate is provided, comprising:

[0006] a first substrate having a plurality of first pixel regions, a plurality of second pixel regions, a plurality of third pixel regions and a light shielding region;

[0007] a plurality of control electrodes located on the first substrate, each of the control electrodes being located in one of the third pixel regions;

[0008] a fixed signal terminal connected to the plurality of control electrodes;

[0009] a color filter layer located on a first substrate, the color filter layer comprising at least a plurality of first color filters, a plurality of second color filters, and a plurality of color-changing filters, the orthographic projection of each of the first color filters on the first substrate being located in a first pixel region, the color of the first color filter being a first color, the orthographic projection of each of the second color filters on the first substrate being located in a second pixel region, the color of the second color filter being a second color, and the orthographic projection of each of the color-changing filters on the first substrate being located in a third pixel region;

[0010] a driving circuit connected to the plurality of color-changing films, each of the color-changing films being configured to adjust a color based on the second color and the third color under the control of the fixed signal terminal and the driving circuit;

[0011] And, a first light-shielding layer is located on the first substrate, wherein the orthographic projection of the first light-shielding layer on the first substrate is located in the light-shielding area.

[0012] Optionally, the first substrate further has a plurality of fourth pixel areas; the color filter layer further includes: a plurality of third color filters, and the orthographic projection of each of the third color filters on the first substrate is located in one of the fourth pixel areas;

[0013] Wherein, the color of the third color filter is the third color.

[0014] Optionally, the ratio of the area of ​​the color-changing film to the sum of the areas of the color-changing film and the third color film is positively correlated with the ratio of the peak energy of the third color to the second color in the light emitted by the light-emitting unit in the array substrate of the display panel.

[0015] Optionally, the first substrate has a plurality of buffer empty pool areas corresponding one-to-one to the plurality of third pixel areas, and the first light shielding layer between each buffer empty pool area and a corresponding third pixel area has a connecting hole; the color-changing film is obtained by curing a color-changing fluid material;

[0016] Before the curing process, the color-changing fluid material filled in each of the third pixel areas enters the corresponding buffer empty pool area through the connecting hole; after the curing process, the color-changing film is located in the connected third pixel area and the buffer empty pool area.

[0017] Optionally, n buffer empty pool areas corresponding to n third pixel areas among the plurality of third pixel areas are located in one target area, and each target area is located between two of the n third pixel areas; and a ratio of a sum of areas S2 of the n buffer empty pool areas to an area S1 of one third pixel area satisfies:

[0018] S2 / S1≥n(H1 / H2-1);

[0019] Among them, H1 is the thickness of the color-changing fluid material when the color-changing fluid material only fills the third pixel area, and H2 is the thickness of the color-changing fluid material when the color-changing fluid material fills the third pixel area and the buffer empty pool area.

[0020] Optionally, n is equal to 2, the target area is located between two of the third pixel areas, the shape of each of the buffer empty pool areas is semicircular, the straight edges of the two buffer empty pool areas located in one of the target areas are arranged opposite to each other, and the first shading layer is provided between the straight edges of the two buffer empty pool areas.

[0021] Optionally, n is equal to 6, and the 6 third pixel areas are arranged in three rows and two columns. The target area is located between the two third pixel areas in the second row. The shape of each buffer empty pool area is an equilateral triangle. The vertex corners of the six buffer empty pool areas located in one target area are relatively arranged, and the first light-shielding layer is provided between any two adjacent buffer empty pool areas among the six buffer empty pool areas.

[0022] Optionally, the color-changing film is obtained by curing an electrochemical gel solution; and the color film substrate further comprises:

[0023] a plurality of first signal lines, one end of each of the first signal lines being connected to a color-changing film and the other end being connected to the driving circuit, the driving circuit providing a first signal to the color-changing film via the first signal line, and the potential of the first signal provided by the driving circuit to different color-changing films being different;

[0024] and a plurality of second signal lines, one end of each second signal line being connected to one of the control electrodes and the other end being connected to the fixed signal terminal, the fixed signal terminal providing a second signal to the control electrode via the second signal line, and the second signals provided by the fixed signal terminal to different control electrodes have the same potential;

[0025] The color-changing film is used to adjust the color based on the second color and the third color under the control of the electric field formed by the voltage difference between the first signal and the second signal.

[0026] Optionally, the color-changing film is obtained by curing a temperature gel liquid; and the color film substrate further comprises:

[0027] a plurality of first signal lines, one end of each of the first signal lines being connected to a color-changing film and the other end being connected to the driving circuit, the driving circuit providing the first signal to the color-changing film via the first signal line, and the potential of the first signal provided by the driving circuit to different color-changing films being different;

[0028] and a plurality of second signal lines, one end of each of the second signal lines being connected to one of the control electrodes and the other end being connected to the fixed signal terminal, one end of the first signal line being further connected to one end of the second signal line, and the first signal provided by the driving circuit to the color-changing film being released to the fixed signal terminal via the second signal line;

[0029] The temperature of the control electrode is positively correlated with the current of the signal transmitted in the first signal line and the second signal line, and the color-changing film is used to adjust the color based on the second color and the third color under the control of the temperature of the control electrode.

[0030] Optionally, the driving circuit includes a first driving sub-circuit, a second driving sub-circuit and a transistor device layer located on the first substrate; the transistor device layer includes a plurality of driving transistors;

[0031] Each of the driving transistors includes a control electrode, a first electrode, and a second electrode; the control electrode is connected to the first driving sub-circuit, and is used to turn on or off under the control of the first driving sub-circuit; the first electrode is connected to the second driving sub-circuit, and is used to receive a signal transmitted by the second driving sub-circuit; the second electrode is connected to one of the color-changing films, and is used to provide a signal transmitted from the second driving sub-circuit to one of the color-changing films when the control electrode is turned on;

[0032] Alternatively, the driving circuit is a driving chip, which is connected to the multiple color-changing films and is used to provide signals to the multiple color-changing films.

[0033] Optionally, the color filter substrate further comprises: a first color conversion layer, a second color conversion layer, a light-transmitting layer, and a second light-shielding layer;

[0034] The first color conversion layer includes first quantum dots, which are excited based on light of a third color to emit light of a first color;

[0035] The second color conversion layer includes second quantum dots, which are excited based on light of a third color to emit light of a second color;

[0036] The light-transmitting layer is used to transmit light of a third color;

[0037] An orthographic projection of the second light-shielding layer on the first substrate is located in the light-shielding area.

[0038] Optionally, the first color is red, the second color is green, and the third color is blue.

[0039] On the other hand, a display panel is provided, comprising: an array substrate, and the color filter substrate as described in the above aspect;

[0040] The array substrate includes a plurality of light emitting units, and the light emitted by each light emitting unit passes through the color filter substrate and then is emitted.

[0041] Optionally, the array substrate and the color filter substrate are assembled; or,

[0042] The color filter substrate is directly prepared on one side of the array substrate.

[0043] In another aspect, a display device is provided, comprising a power supply component and a display panel as described in the above aspect;

[0044] The power supply component is used to supply power to the display panel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0046] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a color filter substrate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG2 is a partial schematic diagram of a color filter layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG3 is a partial schematic diagram of another color filter layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of another color filter substrate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG5 is a graph showing the relationship between transmittance and wavelength of a color-changing film provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG6 is a graph showing the relationship between the luminous intensity and wavelength of a light source provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG7 is a partial schematic diagram of another color filter layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG8 is a partial schematic diagram of another color filter layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG9 is a top view of a color filter layer and a first light-shielding layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG10 is a top view of another color filter layer and a first light shielding layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the preset structure along the AA direction in FIG10;

[0057] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the actual structure of FIG10 along the AA direction;

[0058] FIG13 is a top view of another color filter layer and a first light shielding layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG14 is a top view of another color filter layer and a first light shielding layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a color-changing film that changes color when the temperature increases and decreases, provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG16 is a surface electron microscope image of a color-changing film provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between wavelength and temperature provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] FIG18 is a schematic structural diagram of another color filter substrate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] FIG19 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] FIG20 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between luminous intensity and wavelength provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG21 is a schematic diagram of a preparation process for forming a color-changing film provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] FIG22 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] FIG23 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] FIG24 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] FIG25 is a schematic structural diagram of another display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] FIG26 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clear, the present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0073] In related technologies, a QD-OLED display panel includes red, green, and blue sub-pixels. The blue light emitted by the blue sub-pixel is independently emitted by the blue OLED device. The red light emitted by the red sub-pixel is converted by the blue OLED device into red quantum dots before being emitted. The green light emitted by the green sub-pixel is converted by the blue OLED device into green quantum dots before being emitted.

[0074] However, since the human eye is more sensitive to green light and the conversion rate of green quantum dots to blue light is relatively low, the brightness of the green light emitted by the display panel is likely to be low, resulting in poor display effect of the display panel.

[0075] With the continuous development and advancement of display technology, it is crucial for display devices to present the widest range of natural colors and provide people with a more realistic and striking visual experience. Among the methods for achieving a wide color gamut, quantum dot displays offer unique advantages in the display field, with their narrow emission spectrum and high color purity. Existing quantum dot displays utilize two types of light emission methods: photoluminescence and electroluminescence.

[0076] Quantum dot color filters (QDCFs) have been widely researched in recent years as a photoluminescent quantum dot display device. These devices can be used with blue light-emitting devices, allowing the light emitted by the blue light-emitting devices to pass through a color conversion layer composed of quantum dots, and then through a red or green color filter to achieve full-color display. These devices can be light-emitting diodes (LEDs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), micro LEDs, and other microLEDs.

[0077] The integration of quantum dot display devices primarily involves aligning the color filter substrate and array substrate, a method that maximizes compatibility with existing factory equipment layout and capacity utilization. Alternatively, the color filter substrate can be formed directly on the array substrate (i.e., a QDCF-on-EL structure), which reduces device thickness and facilitates flexibility.

[0078] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a color filter substrate provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 1 , the color filter substrate 10 may include: a first substrate 101, a plurality of control electrodes 102, a fixed signal terminal (not shown), a color filter layer (CF) 103, a driving circuit (not shown), and a first light shielding layer 104.

[0079] The first substrate 101 may have a plurality of first pixel regions a1, a plurality of second pixel regions a2, a plurality of third pixel regions a3 and a light shielding region b. The light shielding region b may be located between any two adjacent pixel regions to separate the pixel regions.

[0080] Multiple control electrodes 102 are located on the first substrate 101, and each of the control electrodes 102 corresponds to a third pixel region a3. Each control electrode 102 is located in a corresponding third pixel region a3. A fixed signal terminal is connected to the multiple control electrodes 102 and is used to provide a second signal with the same potential to the multiple control electrodes 102, or to release a first signal transmitted by the multiple control electrodes 102.

[0081] The color filter layer 103 is located on the first substrate 101 and includes at least a plurality of first color filters 1031, a plurality of second color filters 1032, and a plurality of color-changing filters 1033. The plurality of first color filters 1031 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of first pixel regions a1, and the orthographic projection of each first color filter 1031 on the first substrate 101 is located in a corresponding first pixel region a1. The plurality of second color filters 1032 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of second pixel regions a2, and the orthographic projection of each second color filter 1032 on the first substrate 101 is located in a corresponding second pixel region a2. The first color filters 1031 are of the first color, thereby displaying the first color in the first pixel region a1 corresponding to the first color filter 1031. The second color filters 1032 are of the second color, thereby displaying the second color in the second pixel region a2 corresponding to the second color filter 1032.

[0082] The plurality of color-changing films 1033 correspond one-to-one to the plurality of third pixel areas a3, and the orthographic projection of each color-changing film 1033 on the first substrate 101 is located in one of the third pixel areas a3. A driving circuit is connected to the plurality of color-changing films 1033, and each color-changing film 1033 is configured to control the color of the second color and the third color under the control of a fixed signal terminal and the driving circuit. For example, the color of the color-changing film 1033 can be a mixture of the second color and the third color. The ratio of the second color to the third color in the mixture of the color-changing film 1033 is controlled by the fixed signal terminal and the driving circuit. The third pixel area a3 can be referred to as a color-changing pixel area.

[0083] The first light-shielding layer 104 may be located on the first substrate 101, with the orthographic projection of the first light-shielding layer 104 on the first substrate 101 located in the light-shielding region b. The first light-shielding layer 104 may be used to block light, i.e., light cannot be emitted through the light-shielding region b where the first light-shielding layer 104 is located, but can only be emitted through each pixel region.

[0084] In an embodiment of the present application, if the color displayed by the third pixel area a3 is required to be biased toward the second color, the fixed signal terminal and the driving circuit can be used to regulate the color-changing film 1033 to increase the color ratio of the second color in the mixed color of the color-changing film 1033 and reduce the color ratio of the third color in the mixed color. Alternatively, if the color displayed by the third pixel area a3 is required to be biased toward the third color, the fixed signal terminal and the driving circuit can be used to regulate the color-changing film 1033 to reduce the color ratio of the second color in the mixed color of the color-changing film 1033 and increase the color ratio of the third color in the mixed color. In this way, when the brightness of the second color displayed by the second pixel area a2 in the display panel is low, the brightness of the second color displayed by the display panel can be increased by regulating the color ratio of the second color in the color-changing film 1033, thereby ensuring the display effect of the display panel.

[0085] In summary, the embodiments of the present application provide a color filter substrate comprising a color filter layer comprising a color-changing filter capable of adjusting the color of a second color and a third color under the control of a fixed signal terminal and a driving circuit. Consequently, even when the brightness of the second color displayed by a second pixel region of a display panel is low, the brightness of the second color displayed by the display panel can be increased by adjusting the color ratio of the second color in the color-changing filter, thereby ensuring the display quality of the display panel.

[0086] In the embodiment of the present application, the first color is red (red, R), the second color is green (green, G), and the third color is blue (blue, B). Thus, the color-changing film 1033 can be controlled based on the green and blue colors under the control of the fixed signal terminal and the driving circuit. Furthermore, if the brightness of the green displayed by the second pixel area a2 in the display panel is low, the brightness of the green displayed by the display panel can be increased by adjusting the color ratio of the green in the color-changing film 1033, thereby ensuring the display effect of the display panel.

[0087] That is, compared with the prior art, the color filter substrate 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application can selectively increase the pixel aperture ratio of the green screen, has high electro-optical efficiency, and further reduces the power consumption of the display device.

[0088] Alternatively, referring to Figures 2 and 3, all the pixel areas of the third color in the prior art can be changed to color-changing pixel areas (i.e., third pixel areas a3). Thus, the third color can be displayed through the color-changing pixel areas, and the color-changing pixel areas can also display the second color.

[0089] Among them, in this implementation, the color of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit in the array substrate is fixed, and the entire color-changing film can be used 100% as the second color (such as green), so it can be used preferentially in the monochrome display scene of the second color picture, highlighting the advantage of high brightness.

[0090] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another color filter substrate provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 4 , the first substrate 101 further comprises a plurality of fourth pixel areas a4. The color filter layer 103 also comprises a plurality of third color filters 1034, each corresponding one-to-one to the plurality of fourth pixel areas a4. The orthographic projection of each third color filter 1034 on the first substrate 101 is located in a fourth pixel area a4. The color of the third color filter 1034 is the third color. As a result, the fourth pixel area a4 corresponding to the third color filter 1034 can display the third color.

[0091] That is, in the embodiment of the present application, the third color can be displayed only by the third pixel area a3 corresponding to the color-changing filter 1033 (as shown in the solution in FIG1 ). Alternatively, the third color can be displayed by the third pixel area a3 corresponding to the color-changing filter 1033 and the fourth pixel area a4 corresponding to the third color filter 1034 (as shown in the solution in FIG2 ).

[0092] If the color filter layer 103 includes not only the color-changing filter 1033 but also the third color filter 1034, the area of ​​the color-changing filter 1033 can be proportional to the sum of the areas of the color-changing filter 1033 and the third color filter 1034 (i.e., the ratio of the area of ​​the color-changing filter 1033 to the area of ​​the third color filter 1034). By adjusting this ratio, the white point can be better balanced, allowing for a white / green / blue (W / G / B) multi-color display.

[0093] Optionally, the relationship between the area of ​​the color-changing film 1033 and the sum of the areas of the color-changing film 1033 and the third color film 1034 satisfies:

[0094] The B peak area ratio of the color-changing film spectrum × the B peak energy ratio of the light source × (the area of ​​the third color film + the area of ​​the color-changing film) = K (constant) × the G peak area ratio of the color-changing film spectrum × the G peak energy ratio of the light source × the area of ​​the color-changing film.

[0095] That is, the ratio of the area of ​​the color-changing film 1033 to the sum of the areas of the color-changing film 1033 and the third color film 1034 satisfies:

[0096] The area of ​​the color-changing film / (the area of ​​the third color film + the area of ​​the color-changing film) = (the B peak area ratio of the color-changing film spectrum × the B peak energy ratio of the light source) / (K (constant) × the G peak area ratio of the color-changing film spectrum × the G peak energy ratio of the light source).

[0097] Therefore, the ratio of the area of ​​the color-changing film 1033 to the sum of the areas of the color-changing film 1033 and the third color film 1034 is positively correlated with the ratio of the peak energies of the third color to the second color in the light emitted by the light-emitting unit in the array substrate of the display panel. The greater the ratio of the peak energies of the third color to the second color in the light emitted by the light-emitting unit, the greater the ratio of the area of ​​the color-changing film 1033 to the sum of the areas of the color-changing film 1033 and the third color film 1034, that is, the larger the color-changing pixel area; the smaller the ratio of the peak energies of the third color to the second color in the light emitted by the light-emitting unit, the smaller the ratio of the area of ​​the color-changing film 1033 to the sum of the areas of the color-changing film 1033 and the third color film 1034, that is, the smaller the color-changing pixel area. The value range of K can be 0.05 to 0.5, for example, 0.1 to 0.3.

[0098] It should be noted that the spectrum refers to the transmittance spectrum of the color-changing film 1033, see Figure 5, the horizontal axis is the wavelength, and the vertical axis is the transmittance. The B peak area ratio of the color-changing film spectrum refers to: the area of ​​the area between the curve of the color-changing film for transmitting B light and the horizontal axis in the transmittance curve, and the total area of ​​the area between the curve of the color-changing film for transmitting B light and G light and the horizontal axis in the transmittance curve, that is, the area of ​​region one / (the sum of the areas of region one and region two). The G peak area ratio of the color-changing film spectrum refers to: the area of ​​the area between the curve of the color-changing film for transmitting G light and the horizontal axis in the transmittance curve, and the total area of ​​the area between the curve of the color-changing film for transmitting B light and G light and the horizontal axis in the transmittance curve, that is, the area of ​​region two / (the sum of the areas of region one and region two). And, referring to Figure 6, the horizontal axis is the wavelength, and the vertical axis is the luminous intensity. The B peak energy ratio is the ratio of the area between the intensity curve of B light and the horizontal axis in the intensity curve of the light source to the total area of ​​the area between the intensity curves of B light and G light and the horizontal axis, that is, the area of ​​region 3 / (the sum of the areas of region 3 and region 4). The G peak energy ratio is the ratio of the area between the intensity curve of G light and the horizontal axis in the intensity curve of the light source to the total area of ​​the area between the intensity curves of B light and G light and the horizontal axis, that is, the area of ​​region 4 / (the sum of the areas of region 3 and region 4).

[0099] For example, in FIG7 , the ratio of the area of ​​the color-changing film 1033 to the total area of ​​the color-changing film 1033 and the third color film 1034 is 2 / 5, meaning that the color-changing film 1033 accounts for 40% of the total area of ​​the color-changing film 1033 and the third color film 1034. In this case, the area of ​​the third color film 1034 is smaller than that of the color-changing film 1033. Alternatively, in FIG8 , the ratio of the area of ​​the color-changing film 1033 to the total area of ​​the color-changing film 1033 and the third color film 1034 is 1 / 2, meaning that the color-changing film 1033 accounts for 50% of the total area of ​​the color-changing film 1033 and the third color film 1034. In this case, the area of ​​the color-changing film 1033 is equal to the area of ​​the third color film 1034.

[0100] In the embodiment of the present application, the pixels of the color filter substrates shown in Figures 2 and 7 may be arranged in a real pattern, and the pixels of the color filter substrates shown in Figures 3 and 8 may be arranged in a herringbone pattern.

[0101] Figure 9 is a top view of a color filter layer and first light-shielding layer provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 9 , the first substrate 101 further comprises a plurality of buffer pool regions c corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of third pixel regions a3. The first light-shielding layer 104 has a connecting hole 104a between each buffer pool region c and a corresponding third pixel region a3.

[0102] Color-changing film 1033 is formed by curing a color-changing fluid material. Prior to curing, the color-changing fluid material filled in each third pixel region a3 enters the corresponding buffer pool region c through connecting hole 104a. After curing, color-changing film 1033 is located between the connected third pixel region a3 and the buffer pool region c.

[0103] The embodiment of the present application can provide a flow buffer zone for the color-changing fluid material when forming the color-changing film 1033 by designing the buffer empty pool area c, thereby increasing the deposition process window of the color-changing fluid material and realizing control over the thickness of the color-changing film 1033. In conjunction with Figures 10 to 12, after the color-changing fluid material flows from the third pixel area a3 to the buffer empty pool area c, the area that the color-changing fluid material can occupy is larger, and the thickness of the color-changing fluid material will be appropriately reduced. That is, when the volume is fixed, the bottom area increases and the height decreases. For ease of illustration, the first light-shielding layer in Figure 10 is not filled with black for illustration. Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the preset structure, used to indicate that the color-changing fluid material is only filled to the third pixel area. Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the actual structure, used to indicate that the color-changing fluid material can flow to the buffer empty pool area c through the connecting hole 104a.

[0104] In this embodiment of the present application, n buffer empty pool areas c corresponding to n third pixel areas a3 in the plurality of third pixel areas a3 are located in a target area m, and each target area m is located between two third pixel areas a3 in the n third pixel areas a3. The ratio of the sum of the areas S2 of the n buffer empty pool areas c to the area S1 of one third pixel area a3 satisfies:

[0105] S2 / S1≥n(H1 / H2-1) Formula (1)

[0106] Wherein, H1 is the thickness of the color-changing fluid material when the color-changing fluid material only fills the third pixel area a3. H2 is the thickness of the color-changing fluid material when the color-changing fluid material fills the third pixel area a3 and the buffer empty pool area c. Wherein, H1 is generally equal to the height of the first light-shielding layer 104 (such as BM and bank). H2 is related to the gel graphic characteristic process line width under the pixel design space. Wherein, when the gel graphic uses a printing process, the process characteristic line width is 30μm (micrometer) to 60μm, and the process characteristic line width can represent the width of the third pixel area a3. S1 is determined based on the ratio of the area of ​​the color-changing film 1033 to the sum of the areas of the color-changing film 1033 and the third color film 1034. Therefore, S2 can be determined based on the above formula (1).

[0107] The above formula (1) can be derived in the following way: when the color-changing fluid material only fills the third pixel area a3, there may be some color-changing fluid material overflowing from the first light-shielding layer 104. After the color-changing fluid material flows from the third pixel area a3 to the buffer empty pool area c based on the connecting hole 104a, these overflowing color-changing fluid materials can also flow through the connecting hole 104a. Therefore, when the color-changing fluid material fills the third pixel area a3 and the buffer empty pool area c, the total volume of the color-changing fluid material (including the overflowed part) is greater than the total volume of the color-changing fluid material (excluding the overflowed part) when the color-changing fluid material only fills the third pixel area a3. That is, the formula is satisfied:

[0108]

[0109] The above formula (1) can be derived from formula (2).

[0110] As an optional implementation, referring to FIG10 , n is equal to 2, that is, the above formula (1) can be: S2 / S1 ≥ 2(H1 / H2-1). The target area m is located between the two third pixel areas a3, and the shape of each buffer empty pool area c can be semicircular. The straight edges of the two buffer empty pool areas c located in the target area m are arranged opposite each other, and a first light shielding layer 104 is provided between the straight edges of the two buffer empty pool areas c. Optionally, when n is equal to 2, S2 / S1 ≥ 0.5.

[0111] Alternatively, if the color-changing film 1033 is fabricated using a photolithography process, the pore size of the buffer pool region may range from 0 μm (micrometer) to 10 μm. A pore size of 0 μm in the buffer pool region may mean that no buffer pool region is required. If the color-changing film 1033 is fabricated using an inkjet printing process, the pore size of the buffer pool region may range from 30 μm to 100 μm.

[0112] As another optional implementation, referring to FIG13 , n is equal to 6, that is, the above formula (1) can be: S2 / S1≥6(H1 / H2-1). The six third pixel areas a3 are arranged in three rows and two columns, and the target area m is located between the two third pixel areas a3 in the second row. The shape of each buffer empty pool area c is an equilateral triangle. The vertex angles of the six buffer empty pool areas c located in a target area m are relatively set, and there is a first light shielding layer 104 between any two adjacent buffer empty pool areas c among the six buffer empty pool areas c. Optionally, when n is equal to 6, S2 / S1≥1.5. For the sake of convenience, the first light shielding layer in FIG13 is not filled with black for illustration.

[0113] Optionally, with reference to FIG13 , the distance between the third pixel area a3 of the first row and the corresponding buffer empty pool area c, and the distance between the third pixel area a3 of the third row and the corresponding buffer empty pool area c are larger, while the distance between the third pixel area a3 of the second row and the corresponding buffer empty pool area c is smaller. Therefore, the length of the connecting hole 104a used to connect the third pixel area a3 of the first row (or third row) and the corresponding buffer empty pool area c in the first light shielding layer 104 is greater than the length of the connecting hole 104a used to connect the third pixel area a3 of the second row and the corresponding buffer empty pool area c. This may cause the thickness of the color-changing film 1033 ultimately formed by each third pixel area a3 to be different. To solve this problem, with reference to FIG14 , the connecting hole 104a between the third pixel area a3 of the second row and the corresponding buffer empty pool area c can be Z-shaped to ensure the consistency of the length of the multiple connecting holes 104a and the consistency of the thickness of the different color-changing films 1033.

[0114] It should be noted that multiple buffer pools can reduce the area of ​​the target region through reasonable graphic design, providing more layout access space for sub-pixel design.

[0115] In the embodiment of the present application, the color-changing film 1033 can be obtained by curing an electrochemical gel solution. Optionally, the electrochemical gel solution can be a single molecule leucine derivative, which is an electrochromic material.

[0116] The color-changing film 1033 prepared from the electrochemical gel solution can change color under different electric fields. Optionally, the electric field range can be -30V (volts) to 30V. For example, the electrochemical redox reaction in the following formula (3):

[0117]

[0118] As can be seen from the above formula (3), the color-changing film 1033 can lose electrons (-e-) under the action of the electric field, causing the carboxylic acid alicyclic hydrocarbon to open, the COO ester group to be negatively charged, and the pentylamine group to be positively charged. In addition, the overall molecular configuration also changes, causing the color-changing film 1033 to undergo electroluminescent color change.

[0119] In this implementation, the color filter substrate 10 further includes: a plurality of first signal lines 105 and a plurality of second signal lines 106. One end of each first signal line 105 is connected to a color-changing film 1033, and the other end is connected to a driving circuit. The driving circuit provides a first signal to the color-changing film 1033 via the first signal line 105, and the potential of the first signal provided by the driving circuit to different color-changing films 1033 is different. One end of each second signal line 106 is connected to a control electrode 102, and the other end is connected to a fixed signal terminal. The fixed signal terminal provides a second signal to the control electrode 102 via the second signal line 106, and the potential of the second signal provided by the fixed signal terminal to different control electrodes 102 is the same.

[0120] Thus, due to the difference in potential of the first signal of each color-changing film 1033, the voltage difference between the first signal and the second signal varies in the areas where the different color-changing films 1033 are located. Furthermore, the intensities of the electric fields formed by the voltage differences in the areas where the different color-changing films 1033 are located can be made different, resulting in different degrees of redox reactions in the color-changing films 1033, thereby enabling the color of the color-changing films 1033 to be controlled based on the varying degrees of redox reactions.

[0121] In an embodiment of the present application, the color-changing film 1033 can be obtained by curing a temperature gel liquid. Optionally, the temperature gel liquid can be a poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) gel doped with high-charge elastic nanoparticles. The high-charge elastic nanoparticles contain a lyophobic elastic shell, and the charge load is achieved by doping with sodium p-styrene sulfonate. The core of the nanoparticles is obtained by chemical synthesis, and the chemical raw materials can be acrylate or methacrylate derivatives, including but not limited to methyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate or ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. Among them, the temperature gel liquid can be used to prepare graphics by 3D printing.

[0122] The color-changing film 1033 made from this temperature-controlled gel solution changes color at different temperatures. Referring to Figures 15 to 17 , as the temperature increases, the spacing between the substances in the color-changing film 1033 decreases, and the corresponding wavelength of the color also decreases, shifting toward bluish-purple. As the temperature decreases, the spacing between the substances in the color-changing film 1033 increases, and the corresponding wavelength of the color also increases, shifting toward red. Optionally, the temperature range can be room temperature to 50°C (Celsius).

[0123] In this implementation, the color filter substrate 10 further includes: a plurality of first signal lines 105 and a plurality of second signal lines 106. One end of each first signal line 105 is connected to a color-changing film 1033, and the other end is connected to a driving circuit. The driving circuit provides a first signal to the color-changing film 1033 via the first signal line 105, and the potential of the first signal provided by the driving circuit to different color-changing films 1033 is different. One end of each second signal line 106 is connected to a control electrode 102, and the other end is connected to a fixed signal terminal. One end of the first signal line 105 is also connected to one end of the second signal line 106. The first signal provided by the driving circuit to the color-changing film 1033 is released to the fixed signal terminal via the second signal line 106.

[0124] Therefore, due to the difference in the potential of the first signal of each color-changing film 1033, the current of the control electrode 102 in the area where the different color-changing films 1033 are located is different, thereby causing the temperature of the color-changing films 1033 to be different (the larger the current, the higher the temperature; the smaller the current, the lower the temperature). Furthermore, the color of the different color-changing films 1033 can be controlled based on different temperatures.

[0125] Optionally, the control electrode 102 may be made of a transparent conductive material, such as indium tin oxide (ITO). The first signal line 105 and the second signal line 106 may be made of conventional metal materials used in the flat panel display (FPD) industry, such as Cu (copper), Mo (molybdenum), or Al (aluminum). The light shielding layer 104 has a height ranging from 10 μm to 20 μm.

[0126] In an embodiment of the present application, the driving circuit may include a first driving subcircuit, a second driving subcircuit and a transistor device layer located on the first substrate 101. The transistor device layer includes a plurality of driving transistors (thin film transistors, TFTs). Each driving transistor includes a control electrode, a first electrode and a second electrode. The control electrode is connected to the first driving subcircuit, and the control electrode is used to turn on or off under the control of the first driving subcircuit. The first electrode is connected to the second driving subcircuit, and the first electrode is used to receive a signal transmitted by the second driving subcircuit. The second electrode is connected to a color-changing film 1033, and the second electrode is used to provide a signal transmitted from the second driving subcircuit to the color-changing film 1033 when the control electrode is turned on. The second electrode is connected to the color-changing film 1033 via a first signal line 105, and the signal transmitted by the second driving subcircuit is the first signal.

[0127] Alternatively, the driving circuit may be a driving chip. The driving chip may be connected to the plurality of color-changing films 1033 to provide signals to the plurality of color-changing films 1033. For example, the driving chip is connected to the color-changing films 1033 via the first signal line 105.

[0128] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another color filter substrate provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 18 , it can be seen that the color filter substrate 10 further includes: a first color conversion layer 107, a second color conversion layer 108, a light-transmitting layer 109, and a second light-shielding layer 110. The first color conversion layer 107 includes first quantum dots, which are excited by light of a third color to emit light of a first color. The second color conversion layer 108 includes second quantum dots, which are excited by light of a third color to emit light of a second color. The light-transmitting layer 109 is configured to transmit light of the third color. The orthographic projection of the second light-shielding layer 110 on the first substrate 101 is located in the light-shielding region b, that is, between any two layers of the first color conversion layer 107, the second color conversion layer 108, and the light-transmitting layer 109.

[0129] In summary, the embodiments of the present application provide a color filter substrate comprising a color filter layer comprising a color-changing filter capable of adjusting the color of a second color and a third color under the control of a fixed signal terminal and a driving circuit. Consequently, even when the brightness of the second color displayed by a second pixel region of a display panel is low, the brightness of the second color displayed by the display panel can be increased by adjusting the color ratio of the second color in the color-changing filter, thereby ensuring the display quality of the display panel.

[0130] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display panel provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 19 , the display panel may include an array substrate 20 and a color filter substrate 10 as provided in the above embodiment. The array substrate 20 may include multiple light-emitting transistors 201 and multiple light-emitting units 202. The light-emitting transistors 201 are used to drive the light-emitting units 202 to emit light. The light emitted by each light-emitting unit 202 passes through the color filter substrate 10 and is then emitted.

[0131] Optionally, the color of the light emitted by each light-emitting unit included in the array substrate 20 can be blue. Each light-emitting unit can include at least one light-emitting device. For example, the light-emitting device can be a light-emitting diode (LED) or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED).

[0132] When the light-emitting device is an OLED, a top-emitting blue OLED device is typically used, and the light-emitting unit is designed to be stacked in series with multiple OLED devices to ensure higher electro-optical efficiency and lifespan. For example, a stack of two blue OLEDs (i.e., a 2-layer stack of BB), a stack of three blue OLEDs (i.e., a 3-layer stack of BBB), or a stack of four blue OLEDs (i.e., a 4-layer stack of BBBB). The greater the number of stacks, the better the electro-optical efficiency and lifespan.

[0133] In the embodiment of the present application, based on the human eye's sensitivity to green light, in order to improve the luminous efficiency of green light, the color of the light emitted by the light emitting unit can be a mixture of blue and green light. That is, the light emitting unit can include a light emitting device that emits blue light and a light emitting device that emits green light.

[0134] For example, the light-emitting unit can be a stacked structure of multiple blue OLEDs and one green OLED, thereby making the color of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit in the array substrate a mixture of blue and green. For example, a stack of three blue OLEDs and one green OLED (i.e., a four-layer BBBG stack) is used. The BBBG structure can reduce the voltage (for example, a 30% voltage reduction in simulation results) and increase the green light brightness (30% improvement) compared to the BBBB structure.

[0135] Optionally, the wavelength range of blue light can be 440nm (nanometers) to 470nm, and the wavelength range of green light can be 520nm to 540nm. When the color-changing film 1033 in the color filter substrate 10 is blue, it can cover the center position of 450nm (i.e., it can allow light with a wavelength of approximately 450nm to pass through), and the half-peak width is 20nm to 40nm. When the color-changing film 1033 in the color filter substrate is green, it can cover the center position of 530nm (i.e., it can allow light with a wavelength of approximately 530nm to pass through), and the half-peak width is 20nm to 40nm.

[0136] In the case where the light-emitting unit is a stacked structure of multiple blue OLEDs and one green OLED, and the color-changing film 1033 changes color based on the action of an electric field, referring to Figure 20, the excitation light intensity of the light-emitting unit in the array substrate 20 is 0, the light-emitting unit does not emit light, and the color-changing film 1033 will not be electrically excited to oxidize (neutral). The excitation light intensity of the light-emitting unit in the array substrate is not 0, the light-emitting unit emits light, and the electrochemical gel can be electrically excited to oxidize, thereby causing the color-changing film 1033 to change color (oxidize). In addition, the color of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit will change to a color of a different wavelength depending on the different excitation light units. The wavelength range is 450nm to 700nm. In addition, the same excitation light intensity can correspond to two different wavelengths, which is used to indicate that the light is a mixed light of colors corresponding to the two wavelengths.

[0137] In the embodiment of the present application, the array substrate 20 and the color filter substrate 10 of the display panel 01 can be assembled into a cell. Alternatively, the color filter substrate 10 can be directly prepared on one side of the array substrate 10 .

[0138] 19 , when the array substrate 20 and the color filter substrate 10 of the display panel 01 are aligned, a filling layer 30 (filler) may be provided between the array substrate 20 and the color filter substrate 10 . The filling layer 30 may be used to fill the step difference between the array substrate 20 and the color filter substrate 10 .

[0139] In this implementation, the control electrode 102 is located away from the array substrate 20 relative to the color-changing film 1033, and the first signal line 105 can be located on the side of the first light-shielding layer 104 away from the first substrate 101, while the second signal line 106 is located on the side of the first light-shielding layer 104 closer to the first substrate 101. The first signal line 105 can be connected to the color-changing film 1033 through a via in the first light-shielding layer 104. The second signal line 106 can be directly connected to the control electrode 102.

[0140] Alternatively, the first signal line 105 and the second signal line 106 may also be prepared together. Referring to FIG21 , the first light shielding layer 104 may include a first sub-light shielding layer 1041 and a second sub-light shielding layer 1042 . The preparation process includes: forming a control electrode 102 on one side of the first substrate 101; forming a first sub-light-shielding layer 1041 on a side of the control electrode 102 away from the first substrate 101, the first sub-light-shielding layer 1041 covers the boundary of the control electrode 102 and exposes the middle area of ​​the control electrode 102; forming a first signal line 105 and a second signal line 106 on a side of the first sub-light-shielding layer 1041 away from the first substrate 101, wherein the second signal line 106 and the control electrode 102 are connected through a via in the first sub-light-shielding layer 1041; forming a second sub-light-shielding layer 1042 on a side of the first signal line 105 and the second signal line 106 away from the first substrate 101, the second sub-light-shielding layer 1042 and the first sub-light-shielding layer 1041 together constitute a third pixel area a3 that defines a color-changing film 1033; filling the third pixel area a3 with a color-changing fluid material and curing it to obtain the color-changing film 1033. The first light-shielding sub-layer 1041 may be referred to as a black matrix (BM), and the second light-shielding sub-layer 1042 may be referred to as a bank.

[0141] 22 , when the color filter substrate 10 of the display panel is directly prepared on one side of the array substrate 10 , there may be no filling layer between the array substrate 20 and the color filter substrate 10 .

[0142] In this implementation, the control electrode 102 is closer to the array substrate 20 than the color-changing film 1033, and the first signal line 105 can be located on the side of the first light-shielding layer 104 away from the first substrate 101, and the second signal line 106 is located on the side of the first light-shielding layer 104 close to the first substrate 101. The first signal line 105 can be connected to the color-changing film 1033 through a via in the first light-shielding layer 104. The second signal line 106 can be directly connected to the control electrode 102. Alternatively, the first signal line 105 and the second signal line 106 can be prepared together. The preparation process can refer to the preparation process in the above-mentioned box preparation process, and the present embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0143] In the box-to-box implementation, the array substrate 20 may include a second substrate 206, a light-emitting transistor 201 located on the second substrate 206, and a plurality of light-emitting units 202. If the driving transistor of the driving circuit and the light-emitting transistor 201 are prepared together on the array substrate 20, the distance between the driving transistor of the driving circuit and the color-changing film 1033 and the first signal line 105 in the color filter substrate 10 will be too far, and signal transmission cannot be achieved. Therefore, the driving transistor of the driving circuit needs to be designed on the first substrate 101 of the color filter substrate 10. In the box-to-box implementation, the first substrate 101 can be used to prepare the driving transistor of the driving circuit. The driving circuit may include a first driving sub-circuit, a second driving sub-circuit and a transistor device layer. The driving transistor is located in the transistor device layer. Alternatively, the driving circuit in this implementation may also be a driving chip.

[0144] In a direct fabrication implementation, the substrate of the array substrate 20 and the substrate of the color filter substrate 10 are the same substrate, for example, both are the first substrate 101. Multiple light-emitting transistors 201 and multiple light-emitting units 202 are first fabricated on this first substrate 101, and then the color filter layer 103 included in the color filter substrate 10 is fabricated. If the driver transistors of the driver circuit and the light-emitting transistors 201 were fabricated together on the array substrate 20, the distance between the driver transistors of the driver circuit and the color-changing filter 1033 and the first signal line 105 in the color filter substrate 10 would be too far, making signal transmission impossible. However, this implementation does not have a substrate to support the driver transistors of the driver circuit, so the driver circuit in this implementation can be a driver chip.

[0145] 19 and 22 , it can be seen that the array substrate 20 includes, in addition to the light-emitting transistor 201 and the light-emitting unit 202 located on the substrate (the first substrate 101 or the second substrate), a planar layer 203, a pixel defining layer 204, and an encapsulation film layer 205. The planar layer 203 is located between the light-emitting transistor 201 and the light-emitting unit 202, and the light-emitting unit 202 and the light-emitting transistor 201 are connected via vias in the planar layer 203.

[0146] The encapsulation film layer 205 is located on the side of the light-emitting unit 202 away from the substrate, and is used to encapsulate the light-emitting unit 202. The encapsulation film layer 205 includes a first film layer 2051, a second film layer 2052 and a third film layer 2053 stacked in sequence. Optionally, the first film layer 2051 and the third film layer 2053 can be made of an inorganic material, and the second film layer 2052 can be made of an organic material. For example, the first film layer 2051 and the third film layer 2053 can be made of one or more inorganic oxides such as SiNx (silicon nitride), SiOx (silicon oxide) and SiOxNy (silicon oxynitride). The second film layer 2052 can be made of a resin material. The resin can be a thermoplastic resin or a thermoplastic resin, the thermoplastic resin can include acrylic (PMMA) resin, and the thermosetting resin can include epoxy resin.

[0147] In the embodiment of the present application, the second film layer 2052 can be manufactured by inkjet printing (IJP), and the first film layer 2051 and the third film layer 2053 can be manufactured by chemical vapor deposition (CVD).

[0148] The light-emitting device in light-emitting unit 202 includes an anode layer (anode) e1, an emissive layer (emissive) e2, and a cathode layer (cathode) e3. The anode layers e1 of multiple light-emitting units 202 are spaced apart, and the cathode layer e3 is shared by multiple light-emitting units 202. The anode layer e1 of each light-emitting unit 202 is connected to the light-emitting transistor 201 through a via in the planar layer 203. The light-emitting unit 202 shown in the figure includes only one light-emitting device.

[0149] 19 and 22 , the display panel further includes inorganic film layers (CAP1 and CAP2 ), wherein the inorganic film layers may be made of inorganic materials such as silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, or aluminum oxide.

[0150] In the embodiment of the present application, referring to FIG23 , the display panel may be a quantum dot display panel with a conventional structure. Alternatively, referring to FIG24 , the display panel may be a quantum dot display panel with a beam-limited structure. Alternatively, referring to FIG25 , the display panel may be a quantum dot display panel with a beam-limited micro-focus structure.

[0151] The beam-limiting structure can be made of a black resin material to absorb or shield the excitation light at a large angle, and the micro-focus structure can be made of a resin material with high refractive index nanoparticles to adjust the light propagation angle.

[0152] Figures 23 to 25 include two packaging film layers. The packaging film layer close to the first substrate is a packaging film layer for encapsulating yellow quantum dots (QD encapsulate), and the packaging film layer close to the second substrate is a packaging film layer for encapsulating light-emitting units (OLED encapsulate).

[0153] Since the display panel can have substantially the same technical effects as the color filter substrate described in the above embodiment, the technical effects of the display panel will not be described again here for the sake of brevity.

[0154] FIG26 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG26 , the display device may include a power supply component 02 and a display panel 01 provided in the above embodiment. The power supply component 02 may be used to supply power to the display panel 01.

[0155] Optionally, the display device may be any product or component having a display function and a fingerprint recognition function, such as a QD-OLED display device, electronic paper, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a monitor, a laptop computer, a digital photo frame or a navigator.

[0156] Since the display device can have substantially the same technical effects as the color filter substrate described in the above embodiment, the technical effects of the display device will not be repeatedly described here for the purpose of brevity.

[0157] The terms used in the embodiments of this application are intended solely to illustrate the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application should have the same ordinary meaning as those understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terms "first," "second," and similar expressions used in this patent specification and claims do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish between different components. Similarly, terms such as "a" or "an" do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. Terms such as "include" or "comprising" mean that the elements or objects listed before "include" or "comprising" include the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprising," and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are intended only to indicate relative positions. When the absolute position of the described objects changes, the relative positions may also change accordingly.

[0158] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure shall be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A color film substrate, characterized in that: The color film substrate (10) comprises: A first substrate (101), wherein the first substrate (101) has a plurality of first pixel regions (a1), a plurality of second pixel regions (a2), a plurality of third pixel regions (a3) ​​and a light shielding region (b); a plurality of control electrodes (102) located on the first substrate (101), each of the control electrodes (102) being located in one of the third pixel regions (a3); a fixed signal terminal connected to the plurality of control electrodes (102); A color filter layer (103) located on a first substrate (101), the color filter layer (103) comprising at least a plurality of first color filters (1031), a plurality of second color filters (1032) and a plurality of color-changing filters (1033), the orthographic projection of each of the first color filters (1031) on the first substrate (101) being located in a first pixel area (a1), the color of the first color filter (1031) being a first color, the orthographic projection of each of the second color filters (1032) on the first substrate (101) being located in a second pixel area (a2), the color of the second color filter (1032) being a second color, and the orthographic projection of each of the color-changing filters (1033) on the first substrate (101) being located in a third pixel area (a3); a driving circuit, the driving circuit being connected to the plurality of color-changing films (1033), each of the color-changing films (1033) being used to adjust color based on the second color and the third color under the control of the fixed signal terminal and the driving circuit; And, a first light-shielding layer (104) located on the first substrate (101), wherein the orthographic projection of the first light-shielding layer (104) on the first substrate (101) is located in the light-shielding area (b).

2. The color filter substrate according to claim 1, wherein: The first substrate (101) further comprises a plurality of fourth pixel areas (a4); the color filter layer (103) further comprises: a plurality of third color filters (1034), the orthographic projection of each third color filter (1034) on the first substrate (101) being located at one of the fourth pixel areas (a4); Wherein, the color of the third color filter (1034) is the third color.

3. The color filter substrate according to claim 2, wherein: The ratio of the area of ​​the color-changing film (1033) to the sum of the areas of the color-changing film (1033) and the third color film (1034) is positively correlated with the ratio of the peak energy of the third color to the peak energy of the second color in the light emitted by the light-emitting unit in the array substrate of the display panel.

4. The color film substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The first substrate (101) has a plurality of buffer empty pool areas (c) corresponding one-to-one to the plurality of third pixel areas (a3); the first light shielding layer (104) between each buffer empty pool area (c) and a corresponding third pixel area (a3) ​​has a connecting hole (104a); the color-changing film (1033) is obtained by solidifying a color-changing fluid material; Before the curing process, the color-changing fluid material filled in each of the third pixel areas (a3) ​​enters the corresponding one of the buffer empty pool areas (c) through the connecting hole (104a); after the curing process, the color-changing film (1033) is located in the connected third pixel area (a3) ​​and the buffer empty pool area (c).

5. The color filter substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The n buffer empty pool areas (c) corresponding to n third pixel areas (a3) ​​among the plurality of third pixel areas (a3) ​​are located in a target area, and each target area is located between two of the n third pixel areas (a3); and the ratio of the sum of the areas S2 of the n buffer empty pool areas (c) to the area S1 of one third pixel area (a3) ​​satisfies: S2 / S1≥n(H1 / H2-1); Among them, H1 is the thickness of the color-changing fluid material when the color-changing fluid material only fills the third pixel area (a3), and H2 is the thickness of the color-changing fluid material when the color-changing fluid material fills the third pixel area (a3) ​​and the buffer empty pool area (c).

6. The color filter substrate according to claim 5, characterized in that: n is equal to 2, the target area is located between two of the third pixel areas (a3), each of the buffer empty pool areas (c) is semicircular in shape, the straight edges of the two buffer empty pool areas (c) located in one of the target areas are arranged opposite to each other, and the first light shielding layer (104) is provided between the straight edges of the two buffer empty pool areas (c).

7. The color filter substrate according to claim 5, characterized in that: n is equal to 6, the six third pixel areas (a3) ​​are arranged in three rows and two columns, the target area is located between the two third pixel areas (a3) ​​in the second row, each buffer empty pool area (c) is shaped like an equilateral triangle, the vertex angles of the six buffer empty pool areas (c) located in one target area are arranged relative to each other, and the first light shielding layer (104) is provided between any two adjacent buffer empty pool areas (c) among the six buffer empty pool areas (c).

8. The color filter substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The color-changing film (1033) is obtained by curing an electrochemical gel solution; the color film substrate further comprises: a plurality of first signal lines (105), one end of each of the first signal lines (105) being connected to a color-changing film (1033), and the other end being connected to the driving circuit; the driving circuit providing a first signal to the color-changing film (1033) via the first signal line (105), and the potentials of the first signals provided by the driving circuit to different color-changing films (1033) being different; and a plurality of second signal lines (106), one end of each second signal line (106) being connected to one of the control electrodes (102), and the other end being connected to the fixed signal terminal, the fixed signal terminal providing a second signal to the control electrode (102) via the second signal line (106), and the second signals provided by the fixed signal terminal to different control electrodes (102) have the same potential; The color-changing film (1033) is used to adjust the color based on the second color and the third color under the control of the electric field formed by the voltage difference between the first signal and the second signal.

9. The color filter substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The color-changing film (1033) is obtained by curing a temperature gel liquid; the color film substrate further comprises: a plurality of first signal lines (105), one end of each first signal line (105) being connected to a color-changing film (1033), and the other end being connected to the driving circuit; the driving circuit providing the first signal to the color-changing film (1033) via the first signal line (105), and the potentials of the first signals provided by the driving circuit to different color-changing films (1033) being different; and a plurality of second signal lines (106), one end of each second signal line (106) being connected to one of the control electrodes (102), and the other end being connected to the fixed signal end, one end of the first signal line (105) being also connected to one end of the second signal line (106), and the first signal provided by the driving circuit to the color-changing film (1033) being released to the fixed signal end via the second signal line (106); The temperature of the control electrode (102) is positively correlated with the current of the signal transmitted in the first signal line (105) and the second signal line (106), and the color-changing film (1033) is used to adjust the color based on the second color and the third color under the control of the temperature of the control electrode (102).

10. The color filter substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The driving circuit comprises a first driving subcircuit, a second driving subcircuit and a transistor device layer located on the first substrate (101); the transistor device layer comprises a plurality of driving transistors; Each of the driving transistors includes a control electrode, a first electrode, and a second electrode; the control electrode is connected to the first driving sub-circuit, and the control electrode is used to turn on or off under the control of the first driving sub-circuit; The first electrode is connected to the second driving subcircuit, and the first electrode is used to receive a signal transmitted by the second driving subcircuit; the second electrode is connected to one of the color-changing films (1033), and the second electrode is used to provide a signal transmitted from the second driving subcircuit to one of the color-changing films (1033) when the control electrode is turned on; Alternatively, the driving circuit is a driving chip, and the driving chip is connected to the plurality of color-changing films (1033) and is used to provide signals to the plurality of color-changing films (1033).

11. The color filter substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The color film substrate further comprises: a first color conversion layer (107), a second color conversion layer (108), a light-transmitting layer (109) and a second light-shielding layer (110); The first color conversion layer (107) includes first quantum dots, which are excited by light of a third color to emit light of a first color; The second color conversion layer (108) includes second quantum dots, which are excited by light of a third color to emit light of a second color; The light-transmitting layer (109) is used to transmit light of a third color; The orthographic projection of the second light-shielding layer (110) on the first substrate (101) is located in the light-shielding area (b).

12. The color filter substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The first color is red, the second color is green, and the third color is blue.

13. A display panel, characterized in that: The display panel (01) comprises: an array substrate (20), and a color filter substrate (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 12; The array substrate (20) comprises a plurality of light-emitting units, and the light emitted by each light-emitting unit passes through the color film substrate (10) and then is emitted.

14. The display panel according to claim 13, wherein: The array substrate (20) and the color film substrate (10) are assembled into a box; or, The color film substrate (10) is directly prepared on one side of the array substrate (20).

15. A display device, characterized in that: The display device comprises a power supply component (02) and a display panel (01) as claimed in claim 13 or 14; The power supply component (02) is used to supply power to the display panel (01).

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