Method for supplying heat to greenhouse by utilizing biological waste fermentation heat

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for supplying heat to a greenhouse by utilizing fermentation heat of biological wastes, and relates to the technical field of resource recycling industries, a special phase environment with a middle-lower layer being aerobic and an upper layer being anaerobic is constructed in an integrated fermentation tank, parallel and cooperative aerobic fermentation and anaerobic fermentation are realized, and the yield of the greenhouse is improved. Aerobic fermentation is driven by forced oxygen supply of an aerator, aerobic microbial communities release a large amount of medium-high temperature fermentation heat during decomposition of organic matters, the heat is captured by a heating medium pipe in real time and serves as a basic heat source, the organic matters which are not completely decomposed and part of dissolved matters are converted into biogas in an anaerobic zone of a tank body, and the biogas is converted into biogas. The two biological conversion processes are adjacent in physical space and are joined in reaction time sequence, the aerobic process pretreats a substrate and provides a suitable temperature field for the anaerobic process, the anaerobic process further deeply treats waste materials and produces high-grade gas fuel, and the energy recovery rate of the biological waste materials per unit mass is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of resource recycling industry technology, specifically a method for using the fermentation heat of biological waste to heat greenhouses. Background Technology

[0002] Agricultural greenhouses, as a core form of modern facility agriculture, effectively overcome the seasonal and geographical limitations of crop growth by creating a controllable microenvironment. However, maintaining a suitable temperature inside the greenhouse, especially during cold seasons and nighttime, requires a continuous and stable input of heat energy. At the same time, improper disposal of agricultural waste such as straw and livestock manure, through indiscriminate dumping or burning, can lead to a series of environmental problems, including water eutrophication, soil degradation, and air pollution, posing another serious challenge.

[0003] Currently, existing technologies using traditional biological waste composting techniques can achieve partial resource recovery, but the process is slow and inefficient. In open or semi-open environments, a large amount of low- and medium-temperature fermentation heat generated by microbial metabolism is directly lost to the atmosphere without being effectively collected and utilized, resulting in a huge waste of energy. Furthermore, if biogas digesters are built to produce biogas for cooking or power generation, such systems are usually single-function and have low overall heat utilization efficiency. The biogas production process and the heat production process are often separate, failing to achieve synergistic effects. They also lack precise linkage control with the heating needs of greenhouses, resulting in unstable heating, low automation, and difficulty in meeting the strict requirements of modern facility agriculture for a constant environment, leading to frequent imbalances in heat supply and demand.

[0004] In summary, existing technologies present a contradiction between low energy recovery rates and the resource utilization of waste. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solution that can deeply couple biological waste treatment with greenhouse heating, achieving efficient internal energy circulation and precise on-demand energy allocation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a method for heating greenhouses using the fermentation heat of biological waste. This method achieves parallel and synergistic aerobic and anaerobic fermentation by constructing a unique phase environment within an integrated fermentation tank, with a lower and middle aerobic layer and an upper anaerobic layer. Aerobic fermentation is driven by forced oxygen supply from an aerator. The aerobic microbial community releases a large amount of medium-to-high temperature fermentation heat when decomposing organic matter. This heat is captured in real-time by the heat transfer pipe and used as a basic heat source. In the anaerobic zone of the tank, incompletely decomposed organic matter and some dissolved substances are converted into biogas. These two bioconversion processes are physically adjacent and sequentially linked. The aerobic process pre-treats the substrate and provides a suitable temperature field for the anaerobic process, while the anaerobic process further processes the waste and produces high-grade gaseous fuel. This synergistic heat and gas co-production model improves the energy recovery rate per unit mass of biological waste.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for using the fermentation heat of biological waste to provide heating for greenhouses, wherein the specific steps of the method are as follows: S100, Construction of heating system and feeding: Construct a heating system including an integrated fermenter, heat energy circulation pipeline and temperature control replacement chamber, and feed the agricultural biological waste into the integrated fermenter through the feeding port after pretreatment; S200, Layered Co-fermentation: Start the integrated fermentation tank, and by controlling the aerator and compressed air pipe, an aerobic zone is formed in the lower part of the tank to carry out aerobic fermentation and generate fermentation heat. At the same time, an anaerobic zone is naturally formed in the upper part of the tank to carry out anaerobic fermentation and generate biogas. S300, Heat Energy Acquisition and Transmission: The circulating pump drives the heat medium to flow in the closed heat medium pipe. When it flows through the aerobic zone of the integrated fermentation tank, it absorbs the fermentation heat and becomes a high-temperature heat medium. The high-temperature heat medium is transported to the biogas furnace radiator set in the greenhouse, releasing heat into the greenhouse. The cooled cold medium flows back to the integrated fermentation tank through the cold medium pipe, completing the heat energy cycle. S400, Intelligent Control and Biogas Heating: The temperature control replacement chamber collects real-time data on fermentation tank temperature, greenhouse temperature and humidity, and biogas storage. When the fermentation heat is insufficient to maintain the required temperature of the greenhouse, the biogas produced in the anaerobic zone is exported and burned in the biogas furnace radiator to provide supplementary heat for the heat medium and directly supplement the greenhouse heat. S500, Product Resource Utilization: After fermentation, the decomposed residue in the integrated fermentation tank is taken out through the discharge port and used as organic fertilizer for greenhouse crops.

[0007] Furthermore, in S100, the biological waste includes one or more mixtures of crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, and kitchen waste; The pretreatment includes: crushing the biological waste to a particle size of less than 5 cm, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 20:1-30:1, and controlling the humidity between 50% and 65%.

[0008] Furthermore, in S100: The integrated fermentation tank is a sealed container, which is equipped with an aerator for aerobic fermentation and a heat medium pipe for heat exchange. The top of the tank is equipped with a biogas pipe for biogas transportation and a biogas safety valve. The thermal energy circulation pipeline includes a heat transfer pipe, a circulation pump, and a refrigerant pipe, forming a closed-loop circulation circuit; The temperature-controlled replacement chamber is connected to a temperature sensor installed inside the fermenter, a combined temperature, humidity, and light sensor installed inside the greenhouse, and a flow meter and pressure sensor installed on the biogas pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the temperature-controlled replacement chamber controls the start / stop and airflow of the aerator and compressed air pipe based on the temperature sensor feedback inside the integrated fermenter, maintaining the aerobic heat-generating fermentation temperature within the heat-generating range of 25-75℃. Simultaneously generated biogas is transported to the greenhouse through biogas pipes, and the temperature-controlled replacement chamber controls the opening and closing of the biogas safety valve by monitoring the biogas pressure.

[0010] Furthermore, in the S300, the circulating pump is a variable frequency pump. The temperature control replacement chamber dynamically adjusts the speed of the circulating pump according to the temperature requirement inside the greenhouse and the temperature difference inside the fermentation tank, thereby controlling the flow rate and heat extraction rate of the heat medium and avoiding excessive heat extraction that could lead to fermentation interruption.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific steps of S400 are as follows: The temperature control replacement chamber is set with upper and lower limit thresholds T1 and T2 for greenhouse temperature, and a lower limit threshold V1 for biogas storage. When the greenhouse temperature is below T1 and the fermentation tank temperature is above 50°C, the circulation pump is started to use the fermentation heat for heating. When the greenhouse temperature is below T1 and the fermentation tank temperature is below 50℃, start burning biogas for supplemental heating. When the greenhouse temperature is higher than T2 and the biogas storage is higher than V1, the temperature-controlled replacement chamber will introduce the CO2 gas after combustion into the greenhouse to promote photosynthesis.

[0012] Furthermore, in S300, the heat medium is water, ethylene glycol aqueous solution, or special heat transfer oil, and the heat medium flows through the aerobic zone of the integrated fermenter in the heat medium pipe to generate heat.

[0013] Furthermore, in S400, when the temperature-controlled replacement chamber is performing biogas combustion, it activates the biogas furnace radiator located in the greenhouse for direct heating. When the temperature inside the greenhouse reaches the set value but biogas still needs to be consumed, it switches to the radiator located on the heat energy circulation pipeline to store heat in the circulating heat medium and release heat through the underfloor heating pipes buried in the soil, thereby realizing the spatial and temporal transfer of heat and soil heat storage.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, this method of using the fermentation heat of biological waste to heat greenhouses has the following advantages: I. This invention achieves parallel and synergistic aerobic and anaerobic fermentation by constructing a unique phase environment within an integrated fermentation tank, consisting of an aerobic layer in the lower middle and an anaerobic layer in the upper middle. Aerobic fermentation is driven by forced oxygen supply from an aerator. When the aerobic microbial community decomposes organic matter, it releases a large amount of medium- and high-temperature fermentation heat. This heat is captured in real time by the heat transfer pipe and used as a basic heat source. In the anaerobic zone of the tank, incompletely decomposed organic matter and some dissolved substances are converted into biogas. These two bioconversion processes are adjacent in physical space and sequential in reaction time. The aerobic process pre-treats the substrate and provides a suitable temperature field for the anaerobic process, while the anaerobic process further processes the waste and produces high-grade gaseous fuel. This synergistic mode of heat and gas co-production improves the energy recovery rate per unit mass of biological waste.

[0015] Second, this invention constructs an intelligent decision-making and dynamic control system based on multi-source information fusion, ensuring precise matching of energy supply and demand and dynamic optimization of operation. The temperature control replacement chamber of this invention continuously collects and integrates multi-dimensional real-time data from fermenters, greenhouses, and other sources. It uses fermentation heat to control the flow of heat medium through a variable frequency pump, which not only meets the needs of the greenhouse but also avoids excessive heat extraction that could lead to the inactivation of fermentation microorganisms. When the sensor network determines that the fermentation heat is insufficient, it switches to biogas supplementary heating mode. Based on the size of the heat demand gap, it intelligently determines the number and power of biogas diffuser to be activated, or introduces CO2 from combustion exhaust gas as gas fertilizer into the greenhouse, realizing refined and automated management of the entire chain from energy production to energy use.

[0016] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination or study, or may be learned from the practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a method for heating greenhouses using the heat from the fermentation of biological waste. Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for heating a greenhouse using the heat from the fermentation of biological waste. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a heating system structure for a method of using the heat from the fermentation of biological waste to heat a greenhouse. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0020] Example 1 This embodiment provides an overall working procedure for using the fermentation heat of biological waste to heat greenhouses. By constructing a heating system that includes an integrated fermentation tank, heat circulation pipelines, and a temperature-controlled replacement chamber, agricultural biological waste is fermented in layers and in a coordinated manner. This achieves efficient collection, transportation, and intelligent control of fermentation heat. Combined with biogas supplementary heating, it ensures stable heating for the greenhouse. At the same time, it completes the resource utilization of fermentation residue, achieving deep coupling between biological waste treatment and greenhouse heating, as well as efficient internal energy circulation.

[0021] First, we enter the heating system construction and feeding stage (S100), where a complete heating system is built, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the system includes an integrated fermenter, a heat circulation pipeline, and a temperature-controlled replacement chamber. The integrated fermenter is a sealed container, internally equipped with an aerator for aerobic fermentation and a heat transfer medium pipe for heat exchange. A biogas delivery pipe and a biogas safety valve are installed at the top to ensure a sealed and safe fermentation process. The heat circulation pipeline consists of heat transfer medium pipes, a circulation pump, and a refrigerant pipe, forming a closed loop to ensure stable flow of the heat transfer medium within the system. The temperature-controlled replacement chamber is connected to temperature sensors inside the fermenter, temperature, humidity, and light sensors in the greenhouse, and flow meters and pressure sensors on the biogas pipeline, enabling real-time monitoring of key data. Before feeding, agricultural waste needs to be pre-treated. Crop straw, livestock manure, and kitchen waste are mixed in a 1:1:1 ratio as fermentation raw materials. The mixture is pulverized to a particle size of less than 5 cm, and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to 25:1 by testing, while the humidity is controlled at 55% to ensure the raw materials meet fermentation conditions. After pretreatment, the raw materials are evenly fed into the integrated fermentation tank through the feeding port, with the feeding amount controlled at 70% of the tank volume to reserve enough space for the fermentation process.

[0022] Then, the stratified co-fermentation stage (S200) begins. The integrated fermenter is started, the aerator is turned on, and compressed air is introduced into the lower part of the tank through compressed air pipes, creating a stable aerobic zone in the lower part of the tank. In this aerobic zone, aerobic microorganisms, with a sufficient oxygen supply, rapidly decompose the organic matter in the biological waste, releasing a large amount of fermentation heat during metabolism, gradually increasing the temperature of the aerobic zone. Simultaneously, due to the sealed tank and the ventilation in the lower part, the gas flow in the upper part is slow, naturally forming an anaerobic zone in the upper part of the tank. Organic matter not completely decomposed by aerobic microorganisms and some dissolved substances are decomposed by anaerobic microorganisms in the anaerobic environment, producing biogas, which gradually accumulates in the upper part of the tank. The temperature control replacement chamber monitors the temperature of the aerobic zone in real time through temperature sensors inside the fermenter. Based on the feedback data, it automatically controls the start / stop and airflow of the aerator and compressed air pipes, maintaining the fermentation temperature for aerobic heat production within the heat production range of 25-75℃, ensuring stable heat production during aerobic fermentation. The biogas generated simultaneously is transported to the biogas storage device through biogas pipes. The temperature control replacement chamber controls the opening and closing of the biogas safety valve by monitoring the pressure sensor data on the biogas pipeline. When the biogas pressure exceeds the set threshold, the safety valve automatically opens to release pressure, ensuring heating safety.

[0023] Next, the heat energy collection and transmission stage (S300) begins. In this embodiment, ethylene glycol aqueous solution is selected as the heat medium, which has good antifreeze properties and thermal conductivity, making it suitable for greenhouse heating scenarios. The circulation pump is started; this circulation pump is a variable frequency pump, and its speed is adjusted according to the actual heating demand. Driven by the circulation pump, the heat medium flows in a closed heat medium pipe. When it flows through the aerobic zone of the integrated fermenter, it exchanges heat with the high-temperature environment of the aerobic zone, absorbing fermentation heat and rising in temperature to become a high-temperature heat medium with a temperature of 50-60℃. The high-temperature heat medium is transported through the heat medium pipe to the biogas furnace radiator installed in the greenhouse. The high-temperature heat medium in the radiator exchanges heat with the cold air in the greenhouse, releasing heat into the greenhouse and raising the greenhouse ambient temperature. After releasing heat, the temperature of the heat medium drops to 25-30℃, becoming a cold medium, which flows back to the aerobic zone of the integrated fermenter through the cold medium pipe to absorb fermentation heat again, completing one heat energy cycle. The temperature-controlled replacement chamber dynamically adjusts the speed of the circulating pump based on the temperature difference between the greenhouse and the fermentation tank. When the greenhouse temperature is low and the fermentation tank temperature is high, the circulating pump speed is increased to accelerate the flow of the heat medium and improve the heat extraction rate. When the greenhouse temperature is close to the set value or the fermentation tank temperature is low, the circulating pump speed is reduced to decrease the flow of the heat medium and avoid excessive heat extraction that could interrupt fermentation, thus ensuring that the fermentation process and the heating demand are matched.

[0024] Next, the intelligent control and biogas supplementary heating stage (S400) begins. The temperature control and replacement chamber pre-sets upper and lower temperature thresholds for the greenhouse, with T1 at 15℃ and T2 at 28℃. Simultaneously, it sets a lower limit for biogas storage, V1, at 5 cubic meters. The temperature control and replacement chamber uses sensors to collect real-time data on the fermenter temperature, greenhouse temperature and humidity, and biogas storage, and then performs intelligent control based on this data: When the greenhouse temperature is below 15℃ and the fermenter temperature is above 50℃, the temperature control and replacement chamber maintains the normal operation of the circulation pump, using fermentation heat to supply heat to the greenhouse. This fermentation heat is continuously transferred to the greenhouse through heat medium circulation, raising the greenhouse temperature. When the greenhouse temperature is below 15℃ and the fermenter temperature is below 50℃, it indicates that the fermentation heat is insufficient to maintain the greenhouse temperature. At the required temperature, the temperature-controlled replacement chamber controls the extraction of biogas produced and stored in the anaerobic zone, delivering it to the biogas furnace radiator inside the greenhouse. The biogas combustion device is then activated, and the biogas burns within the radiator, directly providing heat to the greenhouse and simultaneously heating the heat medium flowing through it, replenishing its heat and ensuring the greenhouse temperature quickly rises to a suitable range. When the greenhouse temperature exceeds 28℃ and the biogas storage exceeds 5 cubic meters, the temperature-controlled replacement chamber shuts off the biogas combustion device. Simultaneously, the CO2 gas produced after biogas combustion is piped into the greenhouse through a dedicated pipeline. CO2 serves as a raw material for crop photosynthesis, promoting crop growth and achieving resource reuse. Furthermore, if the greenhouse temperature reaches the set value but biogas still needs to be consumed, the temperature-controlled replacement chamber switches to the radiator located on the heat energy circulation pipeline. The heat generated from biogas combustion is stored in the circulating heat medium and slowly released through underfloor heating pipes buried in the soil, achieving spatial and temporal heat transfer and soil heat storage, thus reserving heat for subsequent greenhouse insulation.

[0025] Finally, the product resource utilization stage (S500) begins. After layered co-fermentation, the biological waste in the integrated fermentation tank is fully decomposed. At this point, the aerator and circulation pump are stopped. After the temperature inside the tank drops to room temperature, the decomposed residue is removed through the discharge port at the bottom of the tank and applied directly as organic fertilizer to the crops in the greenhouse. The fertilizer is applied in furrows, with the organic fertilizer evenly buried around the crop roots. This provides sufficient nutrients for the crops, improves soil structure, and realizes the resource recycling of biological waste, reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer used and lowering agricultural production costs.

[0026] Specifically, such as Figure 2 The diagram shows a flowchart of a method for heating a greenhouse using the heat from the fermentation of biological waste. Specifically: S100. Construct a heating system that includes an integrated fermenter, heat circulation pipeline and temperature control replacement chamber. After pre-treating the agricultural biological waste, it is fed into the integrated fermenter through the feeding port. S200. Start the integrated fermentation tank. By controlling the aerator and compressed air pipe, an aerobic zone is formed in the lower part of the tank to carry out aerobic fermentation and generate fermentation heat. At the same time, an anaerobic zone is naturally formed in the upper part of the tank to carry out anaerobic fermentation and generate biogas. S300, the circulating pump drives the heat medium to flow in the closed heat medium pipe. When it flows through the aerobic zone of the integrated fermentation tank, it absorbs the fermentation heat and becomes a high-temperature heat medium. The high-temperature heat medium is transported to the biogas furnace radiator set in the greenhouse, and releases the heat into the greenhouse. The cooled cold medium flows back to the integrated fermentation tank through the cold medium pipe to complete the heat energy cycle. S400, the temperature control replacement chamber collects real-time data on fermentation tank temperature, greenhouse temperature and humidity, and biogas reserves. When the fermentation heat is insufficient to maintain the required temperature of the greenhouse, the biogas produced in the anaerobic zone is exported and burned in the biogas furnace radiator to provide supplemental heat for the heat medium and directly supplement the greenhouse heat. S500 After fermentation is complete, the fermented residue in the integrated fermentation tank is taken out through the discharge port and used as organic fertilizer for greenhouse crops.

[0027] In summary, this embodiment achieves deep integration of biological waste treatment and greenhouse heating by fully implementing the heating system and feeding, stratified co-fermentation, heat energy collection and transmission, intelligent regulation and biogas supplementation, and product resource utilization. The stratified co-fermentation mode improves the energy recovery rate per unit mass of biological waste, the intelligent regulation system ensures a stable supply of greenhouse temperature and avoids heat supply and demand imbalance, and the resource utilization of fermentation residue as organic fertilizer further enhances ecological and economic benefits. It effectively solves the contradiction between low energy recovery rate and waste resource utilization in existing technologies, providing a highly efficient, environmentally friendly, and sustainable heating solution for modern facility agriculture.

[0028] Example 2 Based on Example 1, this example details a method for using the fermentation heat of biological waste to heat greenhouses. The specific steps involve constructing a complete heating system including an integrated fermenter, heat circulation pipelines, and a temperature-controlled replacement chamber. Agricultural biological waste is pre-treated and then fed into the fermenter to achieve layered and coordinated fermentation for heat and gas production. Combined with intelligent control and a biogas supplementary heating mechanism, the fermentation heat is efficiently collected and utilized to provide stable heating for the greenhouse. Simultaneously, the fermentation residue is utilized as a resource. This process achieves deep coupling between efficient biological waste treatment and greenhouse heating, improving energy recovery and resource utilization rates, and meeting the heating needs of modern facility agriculture. Figure 1 As shown, the specific steps are as follows: (1) Initialization and feeding Equipment inspection: Confirm that the integrated fermenter, heat circulation pipeline, temperature control replacement chamber, biogas furnace radiator and other equipment are installed in good condition, and that all sensors, valves and circulation pumps are in normal condition.

[0029] Waste pretreatment: Collected crop straw, livestock and poultry manure and other biological wastes are crushed to ensure that the particle size is less than 5 cm. The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture is measured and adjusted to 20:1-30:1 and the moisture content is adjusted to 50%-65%.

[0030] Feeding and Start-up: The pre-treated biological waste is fed into the integrated fermentation tank through the feeding port, and the feeding port is then sealed.

[0031] (2) Layered co-fermentation and thermal energy management Start aerobic fermentation: Start the aerator and compressed air pipe through the temperature-controlled replacement chamber to ventilate and supply oxygen to the lower part of the fermentation tank. Aerobic microorganisms begin to rapidly decompose organic matter, releasing fermentation heat, and the temperature inside the tank begins to rise.

[0032] Maintaining optimal fermentation conditions: The temperature-controlled replacement chamber dynamically adjusts the airflow of the aerator based on feedback from the temperature sensor inside the tank, keeping the temperature of the aerobic zone within the high-efficiency heat-generating range of 25-75℃.

[0033] Anaerobic zone formation for biogas production: In the upper part of the tank, an anaerobic environment is naturally formed because oxygen is consumed in the middle and lower parts. Anaerobic microorganisms begin to work, converting organic matter into biogas, which accumulates at the top of the tank.

[0034] Thermal energy circulation start-up: The circulation pump starts, driving the heat medium to flow in the closed heat medium pipe. When flowing through the aerobic zone of the fermenter, the heat medium absorbs the heat of fermentation and becomes a high-temperature heat medium.

[0035] (3) Heat energy transmission and distribution and intelligent regulation Basic heating: High-temperature heat medium is pumped to the biogas furnace radiator installed in the greenhouse, and heat is released to the greenhouse air through heat exchange to raise the temperature of the greenhouse. The cooled refrigerant flows back to the fermentation tank through the refrigerant pipe to complete the cycle.

[0036] Real-time monitoring and decision-making: The temperature-controlled replacement chamber continuously monitors the temperature, humidity, light, fermentation tank temperature, biogas reserves, and pressure inside the greenhouse.

[0037] Intelligent heating strategy: Strategy 1 (Fermentation Heat as the Main Supply): When the greenhouse temperature is lower than the set lower limit T1 and the fermentation tank temperature is higher than 50℃, the temperature control replacement chamber maintains or increases the speed of the circulating pump and prioritizes the use of fermentation heat for heating.

[0038] Strategy 2 (Biogas Heating Supplement): When the greenhouse temperature is below T1, but the fermentation tank temperature is below 50℃, the temperature control replacement chamber opens the biogas safety valve, directing the accumulated biogas to the biogas furnace radiator and igniting it to provide supplemental heat to the greenhouse.

[0039] Strategy 3 (CO2 fertilization): When the greenhouse temperature is higher than the set upper limit T2 and the biogas reserves are sufficient, the CO2 gas produced by burning biogas is introduced into the greenhouse to promote crop photosynthesis.

[0040] (4) Resource recycling Fermentation completion and discharge: When the temperature inside the fermentation tank continues to drop and no new biogas is produced, the fermentation process is considered to be over, and the decomposed and harmless residue is removed through the discharge port.

[0041] Product resource utilization: The extracted residue is used as high-quality organic fertilizer and applied directly to greenhouse crops, completing the entire cycle of waste, energy, and fertilizer.

[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for heating greenhouses using the heat from the fermentation of biological waste, characterized in that, The specific steps of this method are as follows: S100, Construction of heating system and feeding: Construct a heating system including an integrated fermenter, heat energy circulation pipeline and temperature control replacement chamber, and feed the agricultural biological waste into the integrated fermenter through the feeding port after pretreatment; S200, Layered Co-fermentation: Start the integrated fermentation tank, and by controlling the aerator and compressed air pipe, an aerobic zone is formed in the lower part of the tank to carry out aerobic fermentation and generate fermentation heat. At the same time, an anaerobic zone is naturally formed in the upper part of the tank to carry out anaerobic fermentation and generate biogas. S300, Heat Energy Acquisition and Transmission: The circulating pump drives the heat medium to flow in the closed heat medium pipe. When it flows through the aerobic zone of the integrated fermentation tank, it absorbs the fermentation heat and becomes a high-temperature heat medium. The high-temperature heat medium is transported to the biogas furnace radiator set in the greenhouse, releasing heat into the greenhouse. The cooled cold medium flows back to the integrated fermentation tank through the cold medium pipe, completing the heat energy cycle. S400, intelligent control and biogas supplementary heating: The temperature control replacement chamber collects real-time data on fermentation tank temperature, greenhouse temperature and humidity, and biogas reserves. When the fermentation heat is insufficient to maintain the required temperature of the greenhouse, the biogas produced in the anaerobic zone is exported and burned in the biogas furnace radiator to provide supplemental heat for the heat medium and directly supplement the greenhouse heat. S500, Product Resource Utilization: After fermentation, the decomposed residue in the integrated fermentation tank is taken out through the discharge port and used as organic fertilizer for greenhouse crops.

2. The method for using the fermentation heat of biological waste to heat a greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S100, the biological waste includes one or more mixtures of crop straw, livestock and poultry manure and kitchen waste; The pretreatment includes: crushing the biological waste to a particle size of less than 5 cm, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 20:1-30:1, and controlling the humidity between 50% and 65%.

3. The method for using the fermentation heat of biological waste to heat a greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S100: The integrated fermentation tank is a sealed container, which is equipped with an aerator for aerobic fermentation and a heat medium pipe for heat exchange. The top of the tank is equipped with a biogas pipe for biogas transportation and a biogas safety valve. The thermal energy circulation pipeline includes a heat transfer pipe, a circulation pump, and a refrigerant pipe, forming a closed-loop circulation circuit; The temperature-controlled replacement chamber is connected to a temperature sensor installed inside the fermenter, a combined temperature, humidity, and light sensor installed inside the greenhouse, and a flow meter and pressure sensor installed on the biogas pipeline.

4. A method for providing greenhouse heating using the fermentation heat of biological waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature-controlled replacement chamber controls the start / stop and airflow of the aerator and compressed air pipe based on the temperature sensor feedback inside the integrated fermentation tank, maintaining the aerobic heat-generating fermentation temperature within the heat-generating range of 25-75℃. The biogas generated simultaneously is transported to the greenhouse through the biogas pipe. The temperature-controlled replacement chamber controls the opening and closing of the biogas safety valve by monitoring the biogas pressure.

5. A method for providing greenhouse heating using the fermentation heat of biological waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S300, the circulating pump is a variable frequency pump. The temperature control replacement chamber dynamically adjusts the speed of the circulating pump according to the temperature requirement inside the greenhouse and the temperature difference inside the fermentation tank, thereby controlling the flow rate of the heat medium and the heat extraction rate.

6. A method for heating a greenhouse using the fermentation heat of biological waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of S400 are as follows: The temperature control replacement chamber is set with upper and lower limit thresholds T1 and T2 for greenhouse temperature, and a lower limit threshold V1 for biogas storage. When the greenhouse temperature is below T1 and the fermentation tank temperature is above 50°C, the circulation pump is started to use the fermentation heat for heating. When the greenhouse temperature is below T1 and the fermentation tank temperature is below 50℃, start burning biogas for supplemental heating. When the greenhouse temperature is higher than T2 and the biogas storage is higher than V1, the temperature-controlled replacement chamber will introduce the CO2 gas after combustion into the greenhouse.

7. A method for heating greenhouses using the fermentation heat of biological waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S300, the heat medium is water, ethylene glycol aqueous solution, or special heat transfer oil. The heat medium flows through the aerobic zone of the integrated fermenter in the heat medium pipe to generate heat.

8. A method for providing greenhouse heating using the fermentation heat of biological waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S400, when the temperature control replacement chamber is performing biogas combustion, it starts the biogas furnace radiator located in the greenhouse to provide direct heating. When the temperature inside the greenhouse reaches the set value but biogas still needs to be consumed, it switches to the radiator located on the heat energy circulation pipeline to store the heat in the circulating heat medium and release the heat through the underfloor heating pipe buried in the soil.

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