Clamping and cutting method for thin-wall steel back plate
By using a multi-clamp combination for clamping and cutting, the problem of low efficiency in the machining of thin-walled steel back plates by traditional clamps is solved, and efficient and precise step-by-step machining is achieved, ensuring the cutting accuracy and stress release of thin-walled steel back plates.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
Traditional fixtures require frequent adjustments and repeated clamping when machining thin-walled steel back plates, resulting in low machining efficiency and inaccurate cutting positioning, making it difficult to meet machining accuracy requirements.
By employing a combination of multiple clamping fixtures, and through the coordinated work of OP10, OP20, OP30, OP40, OP50 fixtures and cutting tool sets, a gradual roughing-finishing process is performed, ensuring that each surface can be accurately clamped and cut, reducing repeated clamping, and improving machining accuracy.
This method enables efficient and precise machining of thin-walled steel back plates, reduces machining time, ensures overall cutting accuracy and stress release, and avoids errors caused by repeated clamping in traditional methods.
Smart Images
Figure CN121776583A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of steel backplate cutting technology, and more specifically to a clamping and cutting method for thin-walled steel backplates. Background Technology
[0002] As the railway industry moves towards lightweighting and intelligentization, key structural components such as steel backplates are increasingly used in braking and transmission systems. Their machining accuracy, surface quality, and production efficiency directly affect the overall vehicle performance. Currently, steel backplate parts are generally machined using traditional fixtures.
[0003] The use of traditional fixtures has the following problems: when machining the steel back plate, all surfaces need to be machined. Using traditional fixtures for clamping and cutting requires frequent adjustments and repeated clamping, resulting in low overall machining efficiency. In addition, the lack of correspondence in the positioning of each cutting operation makes it easy to have large errors. Therefore, it is urgent to design a clamping and cutting method for thin-walled steel back plates to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to reduce the problem of low efficiency caused by frequent clamping by setting multiple fixtures and selecting the clamping method accordingly, while ensuring the overall machining and cutting accuracy.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the technical problem is: a clamping and cutting method for thin-walled steel back plates, comprising the following steps:
[0006] S1: Prepare a fixture set for cutting and clamping thin-walled steel back plates, and install the fixture set on the worktable of a cutting machine tool with five cutting tool sets. The fixture set includes OP10 fixture, OP20 fixture and OP40 fixture for clamping along the axial direction, and OP20 fixture and OP40 fixture for clamping along the radial direction.
[0007] S2: The thin-walled steel back plate to be cut is clamped on the OP10 fixture, and the first cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs rough machining on the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut to form a first machining plate including at least two rough positioning holes and two fine positioning holes.
[0008] S3: The first processing plate is released from the OP10 fixture and positioned and clamped on the OP20 fixture through the coarse positioning hole. The second cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs rough machining on the horizontal contour of the first processing plate to form the second processing plate.
[0009] S4: The second processing plate is released from the OP20 fixture and positioned on the OP30 fixture by the contour positioning of the second processing plate. The third cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing on the second processing plate to form the third processing plate.
[0010] S5: The third machining plate is released from the OP30 fixture and clamped onto the OP40 fixture through the precision positioning hole. The fourth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs precision machining on the third machining plate, including at least the horizontal contour, to form the fourth machining plate.
[0011] S6: Release the fourth processing plate from the OP40 fixture, and clamp it onto the OP50 fixture by positioning it according to its contour. The fifth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing machining on the fourth processing plate, including at least the vertical contour, to form the final thin-walled steel back plate.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
[0013] S2.1: The thin-walled steel back plate to be cut is clamped on the OP10 fixture, wherein the OP10 fixture includes an OP10 base plate and a plurality of OP10 clamping parts. The thin-walled steel back plate to be cut is placed on the OP10 base plate, and the plurality of OP10 clamping parts are disposed on the OP10 base plate and located on the outside of the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut, clamping the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut along the axial direction.
[0014] S2.2: The first cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs rough machining on the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut, forming a first machining plate including at least two rough positioning holes and two fine positioning holes.
[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
[0016] S3.1: Release the first processing plate from the OP10 fixture and position it on the OP20 fixture through the coarse positioning hole. The OP20 fixture includes an OP20 base plate, a plurality of OP20 clamping parts, and an OP20 expansion pin. The OP20 expansion pin is located on the OP20 base plate. Place the first processing plate on the OP20 base plate, and position the first processing plate by passing through the coarse positioning hole. The plurality of OP20 clamping parts are disposed on the OP20 base plate and located outside the first processing plate, clamping the first processing plate axially.
[0017] S3.2: The second cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs rough machining on the horizontal contour of the first machining plate to form a second machining plate.
[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
[0019] S4.1: Release the second processing plate from the OP20 fixture and position it on the OP30 fixture by the contour of the second processing plate. The OP30 fixture includes an OP30 base plate and a plurality of OP30 clamping parts. The second processing plate is placed on the OP30 base plate. The plurality of OP30 clamping parts are disposed on the OP30 base plate and located outside the second processing plate. The second processing plate is positioned radially by the contour of the second processing plate and clamped.
[0020] S4.2: The third cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing on the second machining plate to form a third machining plate containing at least one precision positioning hole.
[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S5 specifically includes the following steps:
[0022] S5.1: Release the third processing plate from the OP30 fixture and clamp it onto the OP40 fixture through the precision positioning hole. The OP40 fixture includes an OP40 base plate, a plurality of OP40 clamping parts, and an OP40 expansion pin. The OP40 expansion pin is located on the OP40 base plate. Place the third processing plate on the OP40 base plate, and position the third processing plate by passing through the precision positioning hole. The plurality of OP40 clamping parts are disposed on the OP40 base plate and located outside the third processing plate, clamping the third processing plate axially.
[0023] S5.2: The fourth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing machining on the third machining plate, including at least the horizontal contour, to form the fourth machining plate.
[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S6 specifically includes the following steps:
[0025] S6.1: Release the fourth processing plate from the OP40 fixture and clamp it onto the OP50 fixture by positioning it according to its contour. The OP50 fixture includes an OP50 base plate and a plurality of OP50 clamping parts. The fourth processing plate is placed on the OP50 base plate. The plurality of OP50 clamping parts are disposed on the OP50 base plate and located on the outside of the fourth processing plate. The fourth processing plate is clamped radially by positioning it according to its contour.
[0026] S6.2: The fifth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing on the fourth processing plate, including at least the vertical contour, to form the final thin-walled steel back plate.
[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the provision in S4.1 that a plurality of OP30 clamping portions are disposed on the OP30 substrate and located outside the second processing plate specifically includes:
[0028] The OP30 substrate has a symmetrical structure and several OP30 clamping parts are symmetrically arranged with respect to the symmetrical plane of the symmetrical structure. Several of the OP30 clamping parts are disposed on the OP30 substrate and located on the outside of the second processing plate. The OP30 fixture also includes a support cylinder, which is disposed in the middle position on the OP30 substrate and is used to support the thinnest part of the second processing plate.
[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the fifth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool in step S6.2 performs finishing machining on the fourth machining plate, including at least the vertical contour, to form the final thin-walled steel back plate, the following is also included:
[0030] The OP50 fixture also includes an airtightness testing station, which is set on the OP50 base plate. The fifth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing machining on the fourth processing plate, including at least the vertical contour, to form the final thin-walled steel back plate. The thin-walled steel back plate is then placed on the airtightness testing station for airtightness testing.
[0031] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of OP10 clamping portions in S2.1 being disposed on the OP10 substrate and located outside the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut specifically include:
[0032] The OP10 substrate has a symmetrical structure and several OP10 clamping parts are symmetrically arranged with respect to the symmetrical plane of the symmetrical structure. Several of the OP10 clamping parts are disposed on the OP10 substrate and located on the outside of the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut.
[0033] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the provision in S6.1 that a plurality of OP50 clamping portions are disposed on the OP50 substrate and located outside the fourth processing plate specifically includes:
[0034] The OP50 substrate has a symmetrical structure and a number of OP50 clamping parts are symmetrically arranged with respect to the symmetrical plane of the symmetrical structure. The number of OP50 clamping parts are disposed on the OP50 substrate and located outside the fourth processing plate.
[0035] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in:
[0036] 1. By setting up five interconnected machining steps, each with a positioning method of outline-hole-outline-hole-outline, the requirement that all surfaces of the steel back plate be machined during processing can be met. This avoids the need for repeated clamping when a single fixture cannot complete the machining of all surfaces, as is the case in traditional methods. By setting up a rough-rough-finish-finish-finish machining process, a progressive machining method is achieved to meet the cutting accuracy requirements of thin-walled steel back plates. In addition, by setting up a five-step machining method, time intervals are provided for stress release. Through the above methods, compared with the traditional cutting process, the machining time can be significantly reduced, ensuring machining accuracy. Attached Figure Description
[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the CP10 fixture of the present invention;
[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the CP20 fixture of the present invention;
[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the CP30 fixture of the present invention;
[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the CP40 fixture of the present invention;
[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the CP50 fixture of the present invention;
[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of all the fixtures in this invention.
[0043] In the figure: 1. OP10 clamp; 11. OP10 substrate; 12. OP10 clamping part; 2. OP20 clamp; 21. OP20 substrate; 22. OP20 clamping part; 23. OP20 expansion pin; 3. OP30 clamp; 31. OP30 substrate; 32. OP30 clamping part; 33. Support cylinder; 4. OP40 clamp; 41. OP40 substrate; 42. OP40 clamping part; 43. OP40 expansion pin; 5. OP50 clamp; 51. OP50 substrate; 52. OP50 clamping part. Detailed Implementation
[0044] The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0045] Combined with appendix Figure 1-6As shown, a clamping and cutting method for thin-walled steel back plates includes a clamping assembly comprising an OP10 clamp 1, an OP10 base plate 11, an OP10 clamping part 12, an OP20 clamp 2, an OP20 base plate 21, an OP20 clamping part 22, an OP20 expansion pin 23, an OP30 clamp 3, an OP30 base plate 31, an OP30 clamping part 32, a support cylinder 33, an OP40 clamp 4, an OP40 base plate 41, an OP40 clamping part 42, an OP40 expansion pin 43, an OP50 clamp 5, an OP50 base plate 51, and an OP50 clamping part 52.
[0046] Combined with appendix Figure 1-6 As shown, a clamping and cutting method for thin-walled steel back plates includes the following steps:
[0047] S1: Prepare a fixture set for cutting and clamping thin-walled steel back plates, and install the fixture set on the worktable of a cutting machine tool with five cutting tool sets. The fixture set includes OP10 fixture 1, OP20 fixture 2 and OP40 fixture 4 for clamping along the axial direction, and OP30 fixture 3 and OP50 fixture 5 for clamping along the radial direction. The worktable on which the fixture set is placed is a horizontal platform, and the fixture set is arranged in a horizontal layout. The axial direction is the axial direction corresponding to the hole when machining the steel back plate, and the radial direction is the radial direction corresponding to the hole when machining the steel back plate.
[0048] S2: The thin-walled steel back plate to be cut is clamped on the OP10 fixture 1. The first cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs rough machining on the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut to form a first machining plate including at least two rough positioning holes and two fine positioning holes. Specifically, the rough machining of the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut includes rough and fine machining of its A datum surface, SR25 spherical surface, positioning holes φ12±0.05 in subsequent processes, and auxiliary positioning holes ⌀40.3.
[0049] Specifically:
[0050] S2.1: The thin-walled steel back plate to be cut is clamped on the OP10 fixture 1, wherein the OP10 fixture 1 includes an OP10 base plate 11 and a plurality of OP10 clamping parts 12. The thin-walled steel back plate to be cut is placed on the OP10 base plate 11, and the plurality of OP10 clamping parts 12 are disposed on the OP10 base plate 11 and located on the outside of the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut, clamping the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut along the axial direction.
[0051] Preferably, the OP10 substrate 11 has a symmetrical structure and a plurality of OP10 clamping parts 12 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the symmetry plane of the symmetrical structure, and the plurality of OP10 clamping parts 12 are disposed on the OP10 substrate 11 and located on the outside of the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut.
[0052] The OP10 substrate 11 has several standard interfaces, and the OP10 clamping part 12 is provided with connectors that mate with the standard interfaces. The OP10 clamping part 12 is connected and installed to the standard interfaces on the OP10 substrate 11 through the corresponding connectors. The power source of the OP10 clamping part 12 can be pneumatic or hydraulic. After the connection and installation between the OP10 clamping part 12 and the OP10 substrate 11 is completed, the power source of the OP10 clamping part 12 is connected, and its drive control is connected to the control center of the cutting machine tool. The OP10 clamping part 12 is provided with a force sensor that is electrically connected to the control center to obtain force data. The clamping force is used for subsequent adjustments and large model training, and also to determine the firmness of each clamping. Accordingly, a positioning pin and a pressure sensor can be set on the OP10 substrate 11. The positioning pin serves as an auxiliary positioning, and the pressure sensor is used in conjunction with the force sensor to determine the clamping status. By setting the axial clamping direction, it is convenient to cut structures such as holes in the first cutting step, so as to lay the foundation for the positioning of the next process. The selection of the number and type of OP10 clamping parts 12 can be determined according to the specific thin-walled steel back plate processing requirements. The type can be selected from V-groove adaptive jaws, multi-finger linkage flexible clamping mechanisms, etc.
[0053] S2.2: The first cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs rough machining on the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut, forming a first machining plate including at least two rough positioning holes and two fine positioning holes;
[0054] Preferably, the first cutting tool set includes a face cutter, a straight drill, a reamer, and an end mill, which are selected according to the processing requirements. The drive mechanism of a conventional cutting machine tool can be used for the first cutting tool set.
[0055] S3: The first processing plate is released from the OP10 fixture 1 and positioned and clamped on the OP20 fixture 2 through the coarse positioning hole. The second cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs rough machining on the horizontal contour of the first processing plate to form the second processing plate. Specifically, the rough machining on the horizontal contour of the first processing plate includes cutting the first processing plate using a T-slot. The T-slot is a groove formed by machining with a T-slot cutter. The first processing plate is removed from the OP10 fixture 1 and placed in the middle of the OP20 fixture 2. The first processing plate is placed on a marble slab to release stress and ensure the accuracy of subsequent machining.
[0056] Specifically:
[0057] S3.1: Release the first processing plate from the OP10 fixture 1 and position it on the OP20 fixture 2 through the coarse positioning hole. The OP20 fixture 2 includes an OP20 base plate 21, a plurality of OP20 clamping parts 22, and OP20 expansion pins 23. The OP20 expansion pins 23 are located on the OP20 base plate 21. Place the first processing plate on the OP20 base plate 21, and position the first processing plate by passing the OP20 expansion pins 23 through the coarse positioning hole. The plurality of OP20 clamping parts 22 are disposed on the OP20 base plate 21 and located outside the first processing plate, clamping the first processing plate axially.
[0058] Preferably, the OP20 substrate 21 has a symmetrical structure and a plurality of OP20 clamping parts 22 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the symmetry plane of the symmetrical structure, and the plurality of OP20 clamping parts 22 are disposed on the OP20 substrate 21 and located on the outside of the first processing plate.
[0059] The OP20 substrate 21 has several standard interfaces, and the OP20 clamping part 22 is equipped with connectors that mate with these standard interfaces. The OP20 clamping part 22 is connected and installed to the standard interfaces on the OP20 substrate 21 through the corresponding connectors. The power source for the OP20 clamping part 22 can be pneumatic or hydraulic. After the connection and installation between the OP20 clamping part 22 and the OP20 substrate 21 are completed, the power source of the OP20 clamping part 22 is connected, and its drive control is connected to the control center of the cutting machine tool. A force sensor is installed on the OP20 clamping part 22 and electrically connected to the control center to obtain the force of each clamping action. This data is used for subsequent adjustments and large-scale model training, and also to determine the firmness of each clamping action. Positioning pins and pressure sensors can be installed on the P20 substrate 21. The positioning pins serve as auxiliary positioning, and the pressure sensors are used in conjunction with the force sensors to determine the clamping status. By setting a vertical clamping direction, the outer shape and other parts can be cut during the second cutting step under the positioning action of the coarse positioning hole, while also laying the foundation for the positioning of the next process. The number and type of OP20 clamping parts 22 can be determined according to the specific processing requirements of thin-walled steel back plates. Types can be selected such as V-groove adaptive jaws, multi-finger linkage flexible clamping mechanisms, etc. In addition, an axial clamping direction is selected to reduce the deformation caused by radial clamping in traditional cases. The driving method of OP20 clamping parts 22 is a rotary cylinder to increase the clamping area during clamping.
[0060] S3.2: The second cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs rough machining on the horizontal contour of the first machining plate to form a second machining plate;
[0061] Preferably, the second cutting tool set includes a face cutter, an 8T profile cutter, and an end mill, which can be selected according to the machining requirements. The drive mechanism of a conventional cutting machine tool can be used for the second cutting tool set.
[0062] S4: Release the second processing plate from the OP20 fixture 2, and clamp it on the OP30 fixture 3 by positioning it according to its contour. The third cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing on the second processing plate to form the third processing plate. Specifically, the finishing on the second processing plate includes cutting the second processing plate on the A reference surface.
[0063] Specifically:
[0064] S4.1: Release the second processing plate from the OP20 fixture 2 and clamp it onto the OP30 fixture 3 by positioning it according to its contour. The OP30 fixture 3 includes an OP30 base plate 31 and a plurality of OP30 clamping parts 32. The second processing plate is placed on the OP30 base plate 31. The plurality of OP30 clamping parts 32 are disposed on the OP30 base plate 31 and located on the outside of the second processing plate. The second processing plate is positioned radially by positioning it according to its contour while clamping it.
[0065] Preferably, the OP30 substrate 31 has a symmetrical structure and a plurality of OP30 clamping parts 32 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the symmetry plane of the symmetrical structure. The plurality of OP30 clamping parts 32 are disposed on the OP30 substrate 31 and located on the outside of the second processing plate. The OP30 clamp 3 also includes a support cylinder 33, which is disposed at the middle position on the OP30 substrate 31 and is used to support the thinnest part of the second processing plate.
[0066] The OP30 substrate 31 has several standard interfaces, and the OP30 clamping part 32 is provided with connectors that mate with the standard interfaces. The OP30 clamping part 32 is connected and installed to the standard interfaces on the OP30 substrate 31 through the corresponding connectors. The power source of the OP30 clamping part 32 can be pneumatic or hydraulic. After the connection and installation between the OP30 clamping part 32 and the OP30 substrate 31 is completed, the power source of the OP30 clamping part 32 is connected, and its drive control is connected to the control center of the cutting machine tool. A force sensor is provided on the OP30 clamping part 32 and electrically connected to the control center to obtain the clamping force for each clamping operation. To facilitate subsequent adjustments and the accumulation of large-scale model training, and to determine the firmness of each clamping operation, positioning pins and pressure sensors can be installed on the OP30 substrate 31. The positioning pins serve as auxiliary positioning, while the pressure sensors work in conjunction with the force sensors to determine the clamping status. By setting a radial clamping direction, the outer contour can be used for clamping and positioning during the third cutting step, facilitating further cutting of structures such as holes and laying the foundation for positioning in the next process. The number and type of the OP30 clamping parts 32 can be determined based on the specific requirements for processing thin-walled steel back plates. Types such as V-groove adaptive jaws and multi-finger linkage flexible clamping mechanisms can be selected.
[0067] S4.2: The third cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing machining on the second machining plate to form the third machining plate;
[0068] Preferably, the third cutting tool group includes 80 disc cutters, which can be selected according to the processing requirements. The drive mechanism of a conventional cutting machine tool can be used for the second cutting tool group.
[0069] S5: Release the third processing plate from the OP30 fixture 3 and clamp it onto the OP40 fixture 4 through the precision positioning hole. The fourth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs precision machining on the third processing plate, including at least the horizontal contour, to form the fourth processing plate. Specifically, the precision machining on the third processing plate includes cutting the back of the A reference surface, the rectangular hollowed-out square groove, the outer contour of the steel back plate, the countersunk hole surface, the arc side with R angles of R3, R4, and R5, and the thickness of the highest surface of the steel wall plate starting from the A reference surface. Remove the third processing plate from the OP30 fixture 3 and place it in the middle of the OP40 fixture 4. Place the third processing plate on the marble slab to release stress and ensure the accuracy of subsequent machining and cutting.
[0070] Specifically:
[0071] S5.1: Release the third processing plate from the OP30 fixture 3 and clamp it onto the OP40 fixture 4 through the precision positioning hole. The OP40 fixture 4 includes an OP40 base plate 41, a plurality of OP40 clamping parts 42, and an OP40 expansion pin 43. The OP40 expansion pin 43 is located on the OP40 base plate 41. The third processing plate is placed on the OP40 base plate 41, and the OP40 expansion pin 43 passes through the precision positioning hole to position the third processing plate. The plurality of OP40 clamping parts 42 are disposed on the OP40 base plate 41 and located outside the third processing plate, clamping the third processing plate axially.
[0072] Preferably, the OP40 substrate 41 has a symmetrical structure and a plurality of OP40 clamping parts 42 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the symmetry plane of the symmetrical structure, and the plurality of OP40 clamping parts 42 are disposed on the OP40 substrate 41 and located outside the third processing plate.
[0073] The OP40 substrate 41 has several standard interfaces, and the OP40 clamping part 42 is equipped with connectors that mate with these standard interfaces. The OP40 clamping part 42 is connected and installed to the standard interfaces on the OP40 substrate 41 through the corresponding connectors. The power source for the OP40 clamping part 42 can be pneumatic or hydraulic. After the connection and installation between the OP40 clamping part 42 and the OP40 substrate 41 are completed, the power source of the OP40 clamping part 42 is connected, and its drive control is connected to the control center of the cutting machine tool. A force sensor is installed on the OP40 clamping part 42 and electrically connected to the control center to obtain the clamping force for each clamping action. This information is used for subsequent adjustments and large-scale model training, and also to determine the firmness of each clamping action. Positioning pins and pressure sensors can be installed on the P40 substrate 41. The positioning pins serve as auxiliary positioning, and the pressure sensors are used in conjunction with the force sensors to determine the clamping status. By setting the axial clamping direction, further cutting of the outer shape and other parts can be performed during the fourth cutting step under the positioning action of the precision positioning holes. At the same time, it lays the foundation for the positioning of the next process. The selection of the number and type of OP40 clamping parts 42 can be determined according to the specific processing requirements of thin-walled steel back plates. The type can be selected as V-groove adaptive jaw, multi-finger linkage flexible clamping mechanism, etc. In addition, the axial clamping direction is selected to reduce the deformation caused by the feed clamping in the traditional case. The driving method of OP40 clamping parts 42 is to use a rotary cylinder to increase the clamping area during clamping.
[0074] S5.2: The fourth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing machining on the third machining plate, including at least the horizontal contour, to form the fourth machining plate;
[0075] Preferably, the fourth cutting tool group includes end mills, milling cutters, countersinks, disc cutters, and forming cutters, which are selected according to the processing requirements. The drive mechanism of a conventional cutting machine tool can be used for the second cutting tool group.
[0076] S6: Release the fourth processing plate from the OP40 fixture 4, and clamp it onto the OP50 fixture 5 by positioning it according to its contour. The fifth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing machining on the fourth processing plate, including at least the vertical contour, to form the final thin-walled steel back plate. Specifically, the finishing machining of the fourth processing plate, including at least the vertical contour, includes cutting the back of the A reference surface, the T-slot openings at both ends, and the side surfaces with four consecutive R10 and four R5 arcs.
[0077] Specifically:
[0078] S6.1: Release the fourth processing plate from the OP40 fixture 4 and clamp it onto the OP50 fixture 5 by positioning it according to its contour. The OP50 fixture 5 includes an OP50 base plate 51 and a plurality of OP50 clamping parts 52. The fourth processing plate is placed on the OP50 base plate 51. The plurality of OP50 clamping parts 52 are disposed on the OP50 base plate 51 and located on the outside of the fourth processing plate. The fourth processing plate is clamped radially by positioning it according to its contour.
[0079] Preferably, the OP50 substrate 51 has a symmetrical structure and a plurality of OP50 clamping parts 52 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the symmetry plane of the symmetrical structure, and the plurality of OP50 clamping parts 52 are disposed on the OP50 substrate 51 and located on the outside of the fourth processing plate.
[0080] The OP50 substrate 51 has several standard interfaces, and the OP50 clamping part 52 is provided with connectors that mate with the standard interfaces. The OP50 clamping part 52 is connected and installed to the standard interfaces on the OP50 substrate 51 through the corresponding connectors. The power source of the OP50 clamping part 52 can be pneumatic or hydraulic. After the connection and installation between the OP50 clamping part 52 and the OP50 substrate 51 are completed, the power source of the OP50 clamping part 52 is connected, and its drive control is connected to the control center of the cutting machine tool. The OP50 clamping part 52 is provided with a force sensor that is electrically connected to the control center to obtain force data. The clamping force is used for subsequent adjustments and accumulation of data for large-scale model training, while also determining the firmness of each clamping operation. Accordingly, locating pins and pressure sensors can be installed on the OP50 substrate 51. The locating pins serve as auxiliary positioning, and the pressure sensors work in conjunction with the force sensor to determine the clamping condition. By setting a radial clamping direction, the outer contour can be used for clamping and positioning during the fifth cutting step, facilitating further cutting of structures such as holes. The number and type of OP50 clamping parts 52 can be determined based on the specific requirements of thin-walled steel backplate processing. Types can include V-groove adaptive jaws, multi-finger linkage flexible clamping mechanisms, etc.
[0081] S6.2: The fifth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing machining on the fourth processing plate, including at least the vertical contour, to form the final thin-walled steel back plate;
[0082] Preferably, the fifth cutting tool group includes a face cutter, a 3T profile cutter, a 5T profile cutter, and an end mill, which can be selected according to the processing requirements. The drive mechanism of a conventional cutting machine tool can be used for the second cutting tool group.
[0083] Furthermore, the OP50 fixture 5 also includes an airtightness testing station, which is set on the OP50 base plate 51. The fifth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing machining on the fourth processing plate, including at least the vertical contour, to form the final thin-walled steel back plate. The thin-walled steel back plate is placed on the airtightness testing station for airtightness testing. Preferably, the airtightness testing station can be a positioning airtightness testing module or other conventional steel back plate airtightness testing structure.
[0084] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A clamping and cutting method for thin-walled steel back plates, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Prepare a fixture set for cutting and clamping thin-walled steel back plates, and install the fixture set on the worktable of a cutting machine tool with five cutting tool sets. The fixture set includes OP10 fixture (1), OP20 fixture (2) and OP40 fixture (4) for clamping along the axial direction, and OP20 fixture (3) and OP40 fixture (5) for clamping along the radial direction. S2: The thin-walled steel back plate to be cut is clamped on the OP10 fixture (1), and the first cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs rough machining on the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut to form a first machining plate including at least two rough positioning holes and two fine positioning holes. S3: The first processing plate is released from the OP10 fixture (1) and positioned and clamped on the OP20 fixture (2) through the coarse positioning hole. The second cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs rough machining on the horizontal contour of the first processing plate to form the second processing plate. S4: The second processing plate is released from the OP20 fixture (2) and clamped on the OP30 fixture (3) by the contour positioning of the second processing plate. The third cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing on the second processing plate to form the third processing plate. S5: The third processing plate is released from the OP30 fixture (3) and clamped on the OP40 fixture (4) through the precision positioning hole. The fourth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs precision machining on the third processing plate, including at least the horizontal contour, to form the fourth processing plate. S6: Release the fourth processing plate from the OP40 fixture (4), and clamp it on the OP50 fixture (5) by positioning it according to its contour. The fifth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing on the fourth processing plate, including at least the contour in the vertical direction, to form the final thin-walled steel back plate.
2. The clamping and cutting method for thin-walled steel back plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: S2 specifically includes the following steps: S2.1: The thin-walled steel back plate to be cut is clamped on the OP10 fixture (1), wherein the OP10 fixture (1) includes an OP10 base plate (11) and a plurality of OP10 clamping parts (12). The thin-walled steel back plate to be cut is placed on the OP10 base plate (11), and the plurality of OP10 clamping parts (12) are disposed on the OP10 base plate (11) and located outside the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut, clamping the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut along the axial direction. S2.2: The first cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs rough machining on the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut, forming a first machining plate including at least two rough positioning holes and two fine positioning holes.
3. The clamping and cutting method for thin-walled steel back plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: S3 specifically includes the following steps: S3.1: Release the first processing plate from the OP10 fixture (1) and position it on the OP20 fixture (2) through the coarse positioning hole. The OP20 fixture (2) includes an OP20 base plate (21), a plurality of OP20 clamping parts (22), and an OP20 expansion pin (23). The OP20 expansion pin (23) is located on the OP20 base plate (21). The first processing plate is placed on the OP20 base plate (21), and the OP20 expansion pin (23) passes through the coarse positioning hole to position the first processing plate. The plurality of OP20 clamping parts (22) are disposed on the OP20 base plate (21) and located outside the first processing plate, clamping the first processing plate along the axial direction. S3.2: The second cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs rough machining on the horizontal contour of the first machining plate to form a second machining plate.
4. The clamping and cutting method for thin-walled steel back plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: S4 specifically includes the following steps: S4.1: Release the second processing plate from the OP20 fixture (2) and clamp it onto the OP30 fixture (3) by positioning it according to the contour of the second processing plate. The OP30 fixture (3) includes an OP30 base plate (31) and a plurality of OP30 clamping parts (32). The second processing plate is placed on the OP30 base plate (31). The plurality of OP30 clamping parts (32) are disposed on the OP30 base plate (31) and located on the outside of the second processing plate. The second processing plate is clamped along the radial direction by positioning it according to the contour of the second processing plate. S4.2: The third cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing on the second machining plate to form a third machining plate containing at least one precision positioning hole.
5. The clamping and cutting method for thin-walled steel back plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: S5 specifically includes the following steps: S5.1: Release the third processing plate from the OP30 fixture (3) and clamp it onto the OP40 fixture (4) through the precision positioning hole. The OP40 fixture (4) includes an OP40 base plate (41), a plurality of OP40 clamping parts (42), and an OP40 expansion pin (43). The OP40 expansion pin (43) is located on the OP40 base plate (41). The third processing plate is placed on the OP40 base plate (41), and the OP40 expansion pin (43) passes through the precision positioning hole to position the third processing plate. The plurality of OP40 clamping parts (42) are disposed on the OP40 base plate (41) and located on the outside of the third processing plate, clamping the third processing plate along the axial direction. S5.2: The fourth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing machining on the third machining plate, including at least the horizontal contour, to form the fourth machining plate.
6. The clamping and cutting method for thin-walled steel back plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: S6 specifically includes the following steps: S6.1: Release the fourth processing plate from the OP40 fixture (4) and clamp it onto the OP50 fixture (5) by positioning it according to the contour of the fourth processing plate. The OP50 fixture (5) includes an OP50 base plate (51) and a plurality of OP50 clamping parts (52). The fourth processing plate is placed on the OP50 base plate (51). The plurality of OP50 clamping parts (52) are disposed on the OP50 base plate (51) and located on the outside of the fourth processing plate. The fourth processing plate is clamped along the radial direction by positioning it according to the contour of the fourth processing plate. S6.2: The fifth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing on the fourth processing plate, including at least the vertical contour, to form the final thin-walled steel back plate.
7. A clamping and cutting method for thin-walled steel back plates according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plurality of OP30 clamping portions (32) in S4.1 are disposed on the OP30 substrate (31) and located outside the second processing plate, specifically including: The OP30 substrate (31) has a symmetrical structure and a plurality of OP30 clamping parts (32) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the symmetrical plane of the symmetrical structure. The plurality of OP30 clamping parts (32) are disposed on the OP30 substrate (31) and located on the outside of the second processing plate. The OP30 fixture (3) also includes a support cylinder (33), which is disposed in the middle position on the OP30 substrate (31) and is used to support the thinnest part of the second processing plate.
8. A clamping and cutting method for thin-walled steel back plates according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the fifth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool in S6.2 performs finishing machining on the fourth machining plate, including at least the vertical contour, to form the final thin-walled steel back plate, it also includes: The OP50 fixture (5) also includes an airtightness testing station, which is set on the OP50 base plate (51). The fifth cutting tool group of the cutting machine tool performs finishing on the fourth processing plate, including at least the vertical contour, to form the final thin-walled steel back plate. The thin-walled steel back plate is placed on the airtightness testing station for airtightness testing.
9. A clamping and cutting method for thin-walled steel back plates according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of OP10 clamping portions (12) in S2.1 are disposed on the OP10 substrate (11) and located outside the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut, specifically including: The OP10 substrate (11) has a symmetrical structure and a plurality of OP10 clamping parts (12) are arranged symmetrically with respect to the symmetrical plane of the symmetrical structure. The plurality of OP10 clamping parts (12) are disposed on the OP10 substrate (11) and located on the outside of the thin-walled steel back plate to be cut.
10. A clamping and cutting method for a thin-walled steel back plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plurality of OP50 clamping portions (52) in S6.1 are disposed on the OP50 substrate (51) and located outside the fourth processing plate, specifically including: The OP50 substrate (51) has a symmetrical structure and a plurality of OP50 clamping parts (52) are arranged symmetrically with respect to the symmetrical plane of the symmetrical structure. The plurality of OP50 clamping parts (52) are disposed on the OP50 substrate (51) and located outside the fourth processing plate.