Protection structure and protection method suitable for high and steep rock slope

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of slope protection, in particular to a protection structure and method suitable for a high and steep rock slope. Comprising a connecting plate, the lower side of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with a fixing shell, the upper side of the connecting plate is provided with two blocking films which are symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected with each other, the blocking films are provided with notches, the notches incline upwards, and a plurality of elastic plates are fixedly connected into the blocking films. According to the layered protection bag ecological slope protection structure for the high and steep rock slope, a plurality of flexible protection bags with upward openings are arranged on the slope in a layered mode in the height direction to form a step interception system, under the light rain working condition, surface runoff is slowed down through a blocking film, scouring is reduced, and under the heavy rainfall condition, the slope protection effect is improved. When the bag is impacted by falling rocks, the blocking film absorbs energy through deformation, large rocks which cannot enter the bag are buffered and decelerated, and impact destructive power is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope protection technology, and in particular to a protection structure and method suitable for steep rock slopes. Background Technology

[0002] Steep rock slopes refer to natural or artificial slopes composed of hard rock with steep gradients and significant heights. They are widely found in mountainous highways, railways, water conservancy and hydropower projects, mining operations, and urban construction. Due to their complex geological structures, well-developed rock joints and fissures, intense weathering, and the influence of external environmental factors such as rainfall, earthquakes, and freeze-thaw cycles, these slopes are highly susceptible to geological disasters such as collapses, landslides, and rockfalls.

[0003] Traditional slope protection methods typically include: topsoil spraying technology, which involves mixing planting soil, organic matter, binder, water-retaining agent and plant seeds in a certain proportion, and then spraying it evenly on the slope surface using high-pressure spraying equipment to form a substrate layer that can support plant growth.

[0004] However, the above methods have the following problems: the planting substrate needs time to grow before it can achieve the effect of slope protection. If the planting substrate encounters rain during its growth, the slope is easily eroded by the rain, resulting in serious loss of soil and nutrients, making it difficult for vegetation to continue to grow. In addition, the bonding force between the planting substrate and the steep rock surface is insufficient at this time, making it easy for the whole to slide or for local peeling to occur. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention provides a protective structure and method suitable for steep rock slopes.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A protective structure suitable for steep rock slopes includes a connecting plate with a fixed shell fixed to its lower side. Two symmetrically distributed, mutually fixed, blocking membranes are arranged on the upper side of the connecting plate. Each blocking membrane has an upward-sloping notch. When small rocks slide down the slope, the blocking membrane collects them; when large rocks slide down the slope, the blocking membrane cushions them. Several elastic plates are fixed inside the blocking membranes, each plate supporting adjacent blocking membranes. A soil collection assembly is provided on the upper side of the connecting plate.

[0007] Preferably, the two barrier films are V-shaped.

[0008] Preferably, the collection assembly includes two connecting pipes fixed to the connecting plate. The two connecting pipes are respectively fixed to and communicate with the opposite sides of the two barrier membranes. The side of the connecting pipe away from the adjacent barrier membrane is fixed to and communicates with a telescopic shell. The telescopic part of the telescopic shell is fixed to a sealing cap. The telescopic shell is composed of multiple proportionally enlarged material-holding pipes with different diameters at both ends. The sealing cap is provided with a through hole and water guide holes that are uniformly distributed around the through hole.

[0009] Preferably, the sealing cap has an inclined annular surface on the side near the through hole.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting plate is fixedly connected to two spring rods located inside the fixed shell. The two spring rods are symmetrically distributed on the connecting plate, and the telescopic part of the spring rod is fixedly connected to the adjacent sealing cover.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting plate is fixedly connected to two spring distance sensors located inside the fixed shell. The two spring distance sensors are symmetrically distributed on the connecting plate, and the telescopic parts of the spring distance sensors are fixedly connected to the telescopic parts of the spring rod.

[0012] Preferably, two mutually fixed protective covers are fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate away from the fixed shell. The protective covers are fixedly connected to and connected to a plurality of protective tubes, and the plurality of protective tubes correspond one-to-one with a plurality of elastic plates. A first connecting rope is provided inside the protective cover. The end of the first connecting rope near the sealing cover is fixedly connected to the telescopic part of the spring pull rod. The first connecting rope is fixedly connected to a plurality of second connecting ropes, and the plurality of second connecting ropes correspond one-to-one with a plurality of protective tubes. The second connecting ropes are located inside the corresponding protective tubes. The side of the second connecting rope away from the first connecting rope passes through one side of the corresponding elastic plate and is fixedly connected to the other side. A fixed box is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. A rotating component is rotatably connected inside the fixed box. The first connecting rope passes through the fixed box and is fixedly connected to the rotating component. The first connecting rope has a slack on the rotating component.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting plate is equipped with a plurality of support frames, which are used to provide support for the barrier membrane. The connecting plate and the fixing shell are detachably connected to a plurality of anchor rods, which correspond one-to-one with the support frames and are detachably connected to the support frames.

[0014] Preferably, the support frame is detachably connected to a support rod.

[0015] This invention also provides a protection process suitable for steep rock slopes, employing the protection structure for steep rock slopes as described above, with the specific steps as follows: Step 1: Fix all anchors and support rods to the slope, then install the connecting plate and fixing shell on the upper side of all anchors and support rods, and finally bury the connecting plate and fixing shell with soil; Step 2: When it rains, some rainwater flows down from the top of the slope into the barrier membrane, which provides resistance to the rainwater. The other part of the rainwater is guided by the barrier membrane into the telescopic shell and discharged through the through holes and water guide holes. Step 3: When rainwater mixed with soil flows downwards, the barrier membrane guides the rainwater and soil into the telescopic shell and discharges it through the through holes and water guide holes. When the rainwater and soil flow for a long time, the rainwater and soil enter the telescopic shell and form a flow difference, causing the telescopic part of the telescopic shell and the telescopic part of the spring rod to extend. When the rainwater and soil flow stops, the telescopic part of the telescopic shell is reset by the spring rod. Step 4: When the flow of rainwater mixed with soil continues and the telescopic shell is stretched to its limit, the telescopic shell becomes self-locking. At the same time, the telescopic part of the spring rod pulls several second connecting ropes through the first connecting rope, causing the elastic plate and the blocking membrane to deform and cause the two sides of the blocking membrane to stick together. Step 5: After the rainfall stops, remove the sealing cover and clean the mud and water inside the telescopic shell, connecting pipe and barrier membrane. After cleaning, reinstall the sealing cover, manually rotate the rotating part to make it rotate and wind up the first connecting rope. The sealing cover and telescopic shell will then reset successively under the elastic force provided by the spring rod, and the barrier membrane will return to its initial state under the action of the elastic plate.

[0016] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are: To address the problems of existing protection methods, such as soil and nutrient loss due to rainfall erosion, difficulty in vegetation survival, weak adhesion between the substrate and the rock surface leading to slippage and peeling, and poor structural stability and insufficient durability, this invention proposes a layered protective bag ecological slope protection structure for steep rock slopes. This structure forms a tiered interception system by arranging multiple flexible protective bags with upward openings in layers along the height direction of the slope. Under light rain conditions, the barrier membrane slows down surface runoff and reduces erosion. Under heavy rainfall conditions, it intercepts the upper layer of sliding soil and gravel, preventing their overall loss. When encountering rockfall impact, the barrier membrane absorbs energy through deformation, buffering and slowing down large rocks that cannot enter the bags, reducing the impact damage.

[0017] In the event of continuous rainfall, the flow difference is calculated by comparing the amount of mud and water entering the expansion joint with the amount discharged from the through-hole. Through mechanical linkage, the opening degree of the barrier membrane is reduced during the contraction of the elastic plate. When the two sides of the barrier membrane are in contact, some of the rainwater mixed with soil is intercepted by the barrier membrane, thereby reducing the amount of soil erosion. At the same time, the rainwater and soil that are not intercepted and pass over the surface of the barrier membrane are weakened by the guiding and buffering effect of the barrier membrane, further reducing the scouring intensity on the slope below. Thus, through interception-diversion-deceleration, graded protection of the slope is achieved under rainfall conditions, reducing the amount of soil and water flow velocity on the slope. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram showing the positional relationship between the telescopic shell and the sealing cap of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram showing the positional relationship between the protective cover and the protective tube of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the barrier film of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram showing the positional relationship of the fixed boxes in this invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram illustrating the positional relationship between the spring rod and the spring distance sensor of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram showing the positional relationship between the first connecting rope and the second connecting rope of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the elastic plate of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the telescopic shell of the present invention after it has been stretched. Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the support frame and anchor rod of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Connecting plate, 2. Fixed shell, 3. Barrier membrane, 301. Elastic plate, 4. Connecting pipe, 5. Telescopic shell, 6. Sealing cap, 601. Through hole, 602. Water guide hole, 7. Spring rod, 8. Spring distance sensor, 9. Protective cover, 10. Protective tube, 11. First connecting rope, 12. Second connecting rope, 13. Fixed box, 14. Rotating component, 15. Support frame, 16. Anchor rod, 17. Support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that the terms "up," "down," "left," and "right" used herein refer only to the position of the illustrated structure in the corresponding drawings. The component numbers used herein, such as "first," "second," etc., are merely for distinguishing the described objects and have no sequential or technical meaning. Furthermore, the term "connection," unless otherwise specified, includes both direct and indirect connections.

[0021] To address the challenges of existing protection methods, such as the long growth cycle of planting substrates leading to erosion of slopes during rainfall, resulting in significant soil and nutrient loss and hindering vegetation growth, and insufficient adhesion between the planting substrate and steep rock surfaces, which can cause overall slippage or localized peeling, this invention addresses these issues by installing a layered barrier membrane 3 structure on the slope. In light rain, this structure slows down the flow of water on the slope, reducing erosion. During heavy rainfall, it intercepts and collects mud and gravel sliding down from above. When larger rocks fall and come into contact with the barrier membrane 3, even if they cannot enter the membrane 3, the membrane 3 can still cushion the impact through deformation, thereby reducing the impact effect of falling rocks and improving overall protection performance.

[0022] Example 1 A protective structure suitable for steep rock slopes, such as Figures 1-8 As shown, it includes a connecting plate 1, a fixed shell 2 fixed to the lower side of the connecting plate 1, and two symmetrically distributed and mutually fixed barrier membranes 3 on the upper side of the connecting plate 1. The barrier membranes 3 have notches that are inclined upwards. When small rocks slide down the slope, the barrier membranes 3 collect the small rocks. When large rocks slide down the slope, the barrier membranes 3 buffer the large rocks. Several elastic plates 301 are fixed inside the barrier membranes 3. The elastic plates 301 are used to support the adjacent barrier membranes 3. A collection component for collecting soil is provided on the upper side of the connecting plate 1. The two barrier membranes 3 are V-shaped.

[0023] In the above scheme, the barrier membrane 3 can be a geotextile bag (the material has water permeability). Under light rain conditions, the barrier membrane 3 impedes the flow of water on the surface, reduces the water flow velocity, and reduces the erosion of the slope. With the two barrier membranes 3 forming a V-shape, in actual use, the tip of the V-shape faces the top of the slope, and some water flows to both sides through the directional guidance of the barrier membrane 3. Under heavy rainfall conditions, the barrier membrane 3 intercepts the sliding of the upper soil and gravel, prevents the loss of a large amount of loose material, and maintains the stability of the slope structure. When encountering rockfall impact, the barrier membrane 3 absorbs part of the impact energy with its own elastic deformation ability, buffering and decelerating large rocks that cannot enter the barrier membrane 3, significantly weakening their impact intensity, thereby improving the dynamic impact resistance of the slope protection system. The elastic plate 301 is used to support the barrier membrane 3 and provide additional elasticity to the barrier membrane 3.

[0024] like Figures 1-4 , Figures 6-8 and Figure 10 As shown, the collection assembly includes two connecting pipes 4 fixed to the connecting plate 1. The two connecting pipes 4 are fixed to and connected to the opposite sides of the two barrier membranes 3 respectively. The side of the connecting pipe 4 away from the adjacent barrier membrane 3 is fixed to and connected to a telescopic shell 5. The telescopic part of the telescopic shell 5 is fixed to a sealing cover 6. The telescopic shell 5 is composed of multiple material-holding pipes that are proportionally enlarged and have different diameters at both ends. The sealing cover 6 is provided with a through hole 601. The sealing cover 6 is provided with water guide holes 602 that are evenly distributed around the through hole 601. An inclined annular surface is provided inside the sealing cover 6 on the side near the through hole 601.

[0025] In the above scheme, multiple material-holding tubes inside the telescopic shell 5 are stretched to their limit positions to form a self-locking mechanism. For details, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The inclined annular surface inside the sealing cover 6 is used to facilitate the sliding of soil, and the water guide hole 602 is used to keep the soil inside the telescopic shell 5 connected with the outside world, so as to prevent the telescopic shell 5 from being sealed during disassembly, which would lead to difficulties in the subsequent maintenance process.

[0026] like Figures 5-8 As shown, the connecting plate 1 is fixedly connected to two spring rods 7 located inside the fixed shell 2. The two spring rods 7 are symmetrically distributed on the connecting plate 1. The telescopic part of the spring rod 7 is fixedly connected to the adjacent sealing cover 6. The connecting plate 1 is fixedly connected to two spring distance sensors 8 located inside the fixed shell 2. The two spring distance sensors 8 are symmetrically distributed on the connecting plate 1. The telescopic part of the spring distance sensor 8 is fixedly connected to the telescopic part of the spring rod 7.

[0027] In the above scheme, the spring rod 7 is used to drive the telescopic part of the telescopic shell 5 to reset, and the spring distance sensor 8 is used to detect the extension degree of the telescopic part of the spring rod 7 so as to know the degree of soil erosion.

[0028] like Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 11As shown, two mutually fixed protective covers 9 are fixed to the side of the connecting plate 1 away from the fixed shell 2. The protective covers 9 are fixed and connected to a number of protective tubes 10. The number of protective tubes 10 corresponds one-to-one with a number of elastic plates 301. A first connecting rope 11 is provided inside the protective cover 9. The end of the first connecting rope 11 near the sealing cover 6 is fixed to the telescopic part of the spring pull rod 7. The first connecting rope 11 is fixed to a number of second connecting ropes 12. The number of second connecting ropes 12 corresponds one-to-one with a number of protective tubes 10. The second connecting rope 12 is located inside the corresponding protective tube 10. The side of the second connecting rope 12 away from the first connecting rope 11 passes through one side of the corresponding elastic plate 301 and is fixed to the other side. A fixed box 13 is fixed to the connecting plate 1. A rotating part 14 is rotatably connected inside the fixed box 13. The first connecting rope 11 passes through the fixed box 13 and is fixed to the rotating part 14. The first connecting rope 11 has a margin on the rotating part 14.

[0029] In the above scheme, when the soil inside the telescopic shell 5 continues to increase, the sealing cover 6 and the spring pull rod 7 pull the first connecting rope 11, so that the first connecting rope 11 pulls the upper side of the elastic plate 301 through the second connecting rope 12, and causes the elastic plate 301 to deform, thereby closing the gap between the barrier membrane 3. Through the closure of the barrier membrane 3, some of the soil mixed with rainwater is intercepted, reducing the amount of soil erosion. The rainwater and soil that are not blocked and pass over the surface of the barrier membrane 3 are weakened by the guiding and buffering effect of the barrier membrane 3, further reducing the scouring intensity on the slope below. The fixed box 13 is composed of two semi-circular shells that can be detachably connected.

[0030] like Figure 3 and Figure 11 As shown, the connecting plate 1 is equipped with several support frames 15, which are used to support the barrier membrane 3. The connecting plate 1 and the fixed shell 2 are detachably connected to several anchor rods 16. The anchor rods 16 correspond one-to-one with the support frames 15. The anchor rods 16 and the support frames 15 are detachably connected. The support frames 15 are detachably connected to support rods 17.

[0031] In the above scheme, the support frame 15 can be installed on the connecting plate 1 near the elastic plate 301. Through the contact between the elastic plate 301 and the support frame 15 and the inner and outer parts of the barrier membrane 3, the stability of the barrier membrane 3 during use is maintained. The anchor rod 16 is perpendicular to the slope, and the support rod 17 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The extension line of the central axis of the support rod 17 intersects the extension line of the central axis of the anchor rod 16. By taking advantage of the characteristics of the triangular stable structure, the stability of the device after installation is increased.

[0032] Working principle: Before using this device, all anchor rods 16 and support rods 17 must be fixed to the slope. Then, the connecting plate 1 and the fixing shell 2 are installed on the upper side of all anchor rods 16 and support rods 17 (relying on the characteristics of the triangular stable structure to increase the stability of the device after installation). After placement, the connecting plate 1 and the fixing shell 2 are buried with soil. After the above actions are completed, the lower sides of the two blocking membranes 3 are attached to the slope surface, and the notch of the blocking membrane 3 faces the top of the slope.

[0033] When it rains lightly, the rainwater flows down from the top of the slope and enters through the gaps in the two barrier membranes 3. Some of the rainwater inside the two barrier membranes 3 passes through them and continues to flow downward. During this process, the barrier membranes 3 provide resistance to the rainwater, reducing the potential energy of the rainwater flowing downward, thereby reducing the erosion intensity on the soil and vegetation below and enhancing the soil and water conservation capacity. The other part of the rainwater, guided by the two barrier membranes 3, enters the telescopic shells 5 on both sides through the two connecting pipes 4 respectively, and is discharged through the through hole 601 and the water guide hole 602, thus realizing the fixed-point guidance of rainwater.

[0034] When rainwater mixed with soil flows downwards, the two blocking membranes 3 guide the soil mixed with rainwater into the telescopic shells 5 on both sides, and discharge it through the through holes 601 and the drainage holes 602. When the flow of rainwater mixed with soil is prolonged, as the amount of soil increases, the amount of soil entering the telescopic shell 5 is less than the amount discharged through the through holes 601. Therefore, the sealing cover 6 will stretch the telescopic part of the telescopic shell 5. During the extension of the telescopic part of the telescopic shell 5, it drives the telescopic part of the adjacent spring rod 7 to move synchronously. During the movement of the telescopic part of the spring rod 7, it drives the telescopic part of the spring distance sensor 8 to move (so that maintenance personnel can know the degree of soil erosion). If the flow of rainwater mixed with soil stops at this time, the weight in the telescopic part of the telescopic shell 5 will no longer increase, and the soil will gradually be discharged from the through holes 601. At that time, the telescopic part of the spring rod 7 and the spring distance sensor 8 will move upwards to reset. If the flow of rainwater mixed with soil does not stop, the sealing cover 6 will drive the telescopic part of the telescopic shell 5 to continue to move.

[0035] When the telescopic part of the telescopic shell 5 is stretched to its limit, the multiple material holding shells inside the telescopic shell 5 are in a self-locking state (see details). Figure 10Meanwhile, as the telescopic part of the spring rod 7 moves, it pulls the adjacent first connecting rope 11 (during which the first connecting rope 11 is pulled, it causes the rotating part 14 to rotate within the fixed box 13). The first connecting rope 11 pulls several second connecting ropes 12. After the second connecting ropes 12 are pulled, the upper side of the elastic plate 301 deforms downward. During the deformation of the elastic plate 301, the blocking membrane 3 deforms synchronously, causing the gap in the blocking membrane 3 to gradually decrease until the upper and lower sides of the blocking membrane 3 are joined together. At this point, some of the mud mixed with rainwater cannot enter. Instead of entering the barrier membrane 3, the water and soil are intercepted by the barrier membrane 3, thereby reducing the amount of water and soil loss. At the same time, the rainwater and soil that are not blocked and pass over the surface of the barrier membrane 3 are weakened by the diversion of the barrier membrane 3 (since the two barrier membranes 3 are V-shaped, the rainwater and soil will flow along the left and right sides of the barrier membrane 3, and the left and right sides of the barrier membrane 3 can be excavated in advance for drainage channels) and buffering effect, further reducing the scouring intensity on the slope below. The above-mentioned interception-diversion-deceleration method achieves graded protection of the slope under rainfall conditions and reduces the amount of water and soil flow velocity on the slope.

[0036] After the rainfall stops, maintenance personnel perform maintenance on the device. The maintenance process is as follows: First, remove the sealing cover 6 and clean the mud and water inside the telescopic shell 5, connecting pipe 4, and barrier membrane 3. After cleaning, reinstall the sealing cover 6 onto the telescopic part of the telescopic shell 5. Then, the maintenance personnel rotate the rotating part 14. During the rotation of the rotating part 14, the first connecting rope 11 is wound up. The sealing cover 6 and telescopic shell 5 are reset one after another under the elastic force provided by the spring rod 7. The barrier membrane 3 returns to the state shown in the figure under the action of the elastic plate 301. If it rains again, repeat the above actions.

[0037] Example 2 Based on Example 1, a protection process suitable for steep rock slopes is proposed, such as... Figures 1-11 As shown, based on a protective structure suitable for steep rock slopes, the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Fix all the anchor rods 16 and support rods 17 to the slope. Then install the connecting plate 1 and the fixing shell 2 on the upper side of all the anchor rods 16 and support rods 17. Finally, bury the connecting plate 1 and the fixing shell 2 with soil.

[0038] Step 2: When it rains, some rainwater flows down from the top of the slope into the barrier membrane 3, which provides resistance to the rainwater. The other part of the rainwater is guided by the barrier membrane 3 into the telescopic shell 5 and discharged through the through hole 601 and the water guide hole 602.

[0039] Step 3: When rainwater mixed with soil flows downwards, the barrier membrane 3 guides the rainwater and soil into the telescopic shell 5 and discharges it through the through hole 601 and the water guide hole 602. When the rainwater and soil flow for a long time, the rainwater and soil enter the telescopic shell 5 and form a flow difference, causing the telescopic part of the telescopic shell 5 and the telescopic part of the spring rod 7 to extend. When the rainwater and soil flow stops, the telescopic part of the telescopic shell 5 is reset by the spring rod 7.

[0040] Step 4: When the flow of rainwater mixed with soil continues and the telescopic part of the telescopic shell 5 is stretched to its limit, the telescopic shell 5 is in a self-locking state. At the same time, the telescopic part of the spring rod 7 pulls several second connecting ropes 12 through the first connecting rope 11, causing the elastic plate 301 and the blocking membrane 3 to deform and cause the two sides of the blocking membrane 3 to stick together.

[0041] Step 5: After the rainfall stops, remove the sealing cover 6 and clean the mud and water inside the telescopic shell 5, connecting pipe 4 and barrier membrane 3. After cleaning, reinstall the sealing cover 6 and manually rotate the rotating part 14 to make the rotating part 14 rotate and wind up the first connecting rope 11. The sealing cover 6 and telescopic shell 5 will reset successively under the elastic force provided by the spring rod 7. The barrier membrane 3 will return to its initial state under the action of the elastic plate 301.

[0042] The above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way. All technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective structure suitable for steep rock slopes, characterized in that, The device includes a connecting plate with a fixed shell fixed to its lower side. Two symmetrically distributed, mutually fixed, blocking membranes are arranged on the upper side of the connecting plate. Each blocking membrane has an upward-sloping notch. When small rocks slide down the slope, the blocking membrane collects them; when large rocks slide down the slope, the blocking membrane cushions them. Several elastic plates are fixed inside the blocking membranes, each plate supporting adjacent blocking membranes. A soil collection assembly is located on the upper side of the connecting plate.

2. The protective structure for steep rock slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two barrier films are V-shaped.

3. A protective structure suitable for steep rock slopes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The collection assembly includes two connecting pipes fixed to the connecting plate. The two connecting pipes are respectively fixed to and connected to the opposite sides of the two barrier membranes. The side of the connecting pipe away from the adjacent barrier membrane is fixed to and connected to a telescopic shell. The telescopic part of the telescopic shell is fixed to a sealing cap. The telescopic shell is composed of multiple proportionally enlarged material-holding pipes with different diameters at both ends. The sealing cap is provided with a through hole and water guide holes that are evenly distributed around the through hole.

4. A protective structure suitable for steep rock slopes according to claim 3, characterized in that: An inclined annular surface is provided on the side of the sealing cap near the through hole.

5. A protective structure suitable for steep rock slopes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connecting plate is fixedly connected to two spring rods located inside the fixed shell. The two spring rods are symmetrically distributed on the connecting plate, and the telescopic part of the spring rod is fixedly connected to the adjacent sealing cover.

6. A protective structure suitable for steep rock slopes according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting plate is fixedly connected to two spring distance sensors located inside the fixed shell. The two spring distance sensors are symmetrically distributed on the connecting plate, and the telescopic part of the spring distance sensor is fixedly connected to the telescopic part of the spring rod.

7. A protective structure suitable for steep rock slopes according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two mutually fixed protective covers are fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate away from the fixed shell. Each protective cover is fixedly connected to and communicates with several protective tubes, each corresponding to one of the elastic plates. A first connecting rope is provided inside each protective cover. The end of the first connecting rope near the sealing cover is fixedly connected to the telescopic part of the spring rod. Several second connecting ropes are fixedly connected to the first connecting rope, each corresponding to one of the protective tubes. The second connecting ropes are located inside their respective protective tubes. The side of the second connecting rope away from the first connecting rope passes through one side of the corresponding elastic plate and is fixedly connected to the other side. A fixed box is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. A rotating component is rotatably connected inside the fixed box. The first connecting rope passes through the fixed box and is fixedly connected to the rotating component, with some excess material remaining on the rotating component.

8. A protective structure suitable for steep rock slopes according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting plate is equipped with several support frames, which are used to support the barrier membrane. The connecting plate and the fixed shell are detachably connected to several anchor rods, which correspond one-to-one with the support frames. The anchor rods are detachably connected to the support frames.

9. A protective structure suitable for steep rock slopes according to claim 8, characterized in that: The support frame is detachably connected to a support rod.

10. A protection method for steep rock slopes, employing a protection structure for steep rock slopes as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Fix all anchors and support rods to the slope, then install the connecting plate and fixing shell on the upper side of all anchors and support rods, and finally bury the connecting plate and fixing shell with soil; Step 2: When it rains, some rainwater flows down from the top of the slope into the barrier membrane, which provides resistance to the rainwater. The other part of the rainwater is guided by the barrier membrane into the telescopic shell and discharged through the through holes and water guide holes. Step 3: When rainwater mixed with soil flows downwards, the barrier membrane guides the rainwater and soil into the expansion shell and discharges it through the through holes and water guide holes. When the rainwater and soil flow for a long time, the rainwater and soil enter the expansion shell and form a flow difference, causing the expansion part of the expansion shell and the expansion part of the spring rod to extend. When the rainwater and soil flow stops, the expansion part of the expansion shell is reset by the spring rod. Step 4: When the flow of rainwater mixed with soil continues and the telescopic shell is stretched to its limit, the telescopic shell becomes self-locking. At the same time, the telescopic part of the spring rod pulls several second connecting ropes through the first connecting rope, causing the elastic plate and the blocking membrane to deform and cause the two sides of the blocking membrane to stick together. Step 5: After the rainfall stops, remove the sealing cover and clean the mud and water inside the telescopic shell, connecting pipe and barrier membrane. After cleaning, reinstall the sealing cover, manually rotate the rotating part to make it rotate and wind up the first connecting rope. The sealing cover and telescopic shell will then reset successively under the elastic force provided by the spring rod, and the barrier membrane will return to its initial state under the action of the elastic plate.

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