Methanol engine flash evaporation injection system, control method and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a methanol engine flash evaporation injection system, a control method and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of engine fuel supply and control. The system comprises a whole vehicle ECU, an AI drive control panel, an oil rail, a pressure sensor and an efficient heating unit integrated on a fuel path. Wherein the AI driving control panel communicates with a whole vehicle ECU through a CAN bus and is used for receiving engine operation parameters and sending out a control instruction; the pressure sensor is used for monitoring oil rail pressure; and the heating unit is configured to quickly and accurately heat methanol to be sprayed into the air cylinder in an electromagnetic induction or direct electric action mode. According to the method, intelligent decision making and closed-loop control are achieved through an AI driving control panel, a heating strategy is dynamically adjusted, and methyl alcohol is sprayed into an air cylinder after reaching the preset temperature and pressure and is instantly flashed and vaporized. The invention solves the problems of difficult low-temperature cold start and low combustion efficiency of the methanol engine, and has the advantages of accurate control, low energy consumption, compact structure and clean emission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engine fuel supply and control technology, and in particular to a methanol engine flash injection system, control method, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Methanol, as a clean and renewable fuel, boasts advantages such as wide availability and low emissions, making it an important alternative to gasoline in vehicles. However, methanol engines still face numerous technical challenges in practical applications. First, methanol's latent heat of vaporization is as high as 1100 kJ / kg, approximately 3.5 times that of gasoline, resulting in a significant endothermic effect during evaporation and difficulty in forming a combustible mixture at low temperatures. Second, methanol has a low saturated vapor pressure, meaning only a small amount of fuel evaporates during cold starts; if the mixture concentration does not reach the ignition limit, the engine will fail to start. Furthermore, poor methanol atomization can lead to wet intake manifolds and cylinder walls, causing exhaust valve erosion and other malfunctions.

[0003] Existing technologies have made various attempts to address these issues. For example, some solutions employ a dual-fuel system, using gasoline for auxiliary ignition during startup and switching to methanol fuel after the engine has warmed up. While this approach improves startup performance, it increases system complexity and cannot completely eliminate emissions.

[0004] Other solutions focus on fuel heating. For example, patent CN119616731A describes a flash boiling injection methanol heating system, which heats methanol in stages so that it vaporizes instantly upon injection. However, such systems often employ open-loop control, making it difficult to adjust heating parameters in real time according to environmental changes, resulting in limited control precision. Furthermore, the methanol staged heating device itself is large and bulky, and the system's own power consumption during heating is far greater than the power consumption for heating methanol, leading to extremely low heating efficiency and long preheating times.

[0005] Furthermore, methanol has unique physicochemical properties, including low viscosity and high corrosiveness, which places high demands on the sealing and corrosion resistance of the fuel system. Traditional methanol injection systems often increase fuel supply by increasing injection pressure and injection pulse width when the load changes, but this exacerbates methanol wall wetting, leading to incomplete combustion.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a methanol injection system that can intelligently adjust heating parameters and adapt to changes in operating conditions in real time, so as to fundamentally solve the problems of difficult cold start, high energy consumption of heating system and low combustion efficiency of methanol engine. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of existing methanol heating injection systems, such as long preheating time, high energy consumption, low heating efficiency, inaccurate control, and bulky and complex systems. The invention provides a methanol engine flash injection system, control method, and vehicle based on the deep integration of AI intelligent control and high-efficiency direct heating technology.

[0008] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a methanol engine flash injection system, comprising: Vehicle ECU; The AI-driven control board is connected to the vehicle ECU and is used to receive operating parameters including engine coolant temperature, ambient temperature and methanol pressure in the fuel rail. Oil rails are used for storing and distributing methanol fuel; At least one electromagnetic induction heated fuel injector is connected to the fuel rail; A pressure sensor, installed on the oil rail, is used to monitor the methanol pressure in the oil rail in real time and feed the signal back to the AI ​​drive control board; The AI ​​drive control board is electrically connected to the electromagnetic induction heated fuel injector and the pressure sensor. Communication between the vehicle ECU and the AI ​​drive control board uses the CAN bus protocol to ensure real-time and reliable data transmission.

[0009] Furthermore, the AI-driven control board employs machine learning algorithms to dynamically adjust the heating control strategy for the electromagnetic induction heating fuel injector.

[0010] Furthermore, the electromagnetic induction heated fuel injector includes a valve body, an armature, an electromagnetic coil, and a heating coil nested within the injection molding body. The electromagnetic coil is inserted outside the armature, and the heating coil is inserted outside the valve body. A valve needle is sleeved inside the valve body, and a return spring is clamped between the valve needle and the armature. A gap is left between the end of the valve needle near the armature and the armature.

[0011] When the electromagnetic coil is energized, the armature becomes magnetic, which attracts the magnetic needle to move. When the electromagnetic coil is de-energized, the armature loses its magnetism, and the valve needle moves back to its original position under the action of the return spring.

[0012] Furthermore, a temperature sensor is installed on the valve body to achieve real-time monitoring of the injector temperature and methanol temperature. The temperature sensor, electromagnetic coil, and heating coil are all electrically connected to the AI ​​drive control board.

[0013] Furthermore, the valve body includes a stepped hole, a conical hole, and a spray hole arranged in sequence inside; The valve needle includes an integrally formed rod body, a first convex ring and a second convex ring disposed at both ends of the rod body, and a cone disposed at the end of the rod body; the cone is inserted into the cone hole, the first convex ring abuts against the inner wall of the large end hole of the stepped hole, and the second convex ring abuts against the inner wall of the small end hole of the stepped hole; The stepped hole, the rod body, the first convex ring, and the second convex ring form a methanol flow channel; each of the first convex ring and the second convex ring is formed with a vent hole communicating with the methanol flow channel. The heating coil is located outside the methanol flow channel.

[0014] The heating coil generates an alternating magnetic field through high-frequency alternating current, which causes eddy currents in the metal valve body and valve needle, thus heating them up and achieving rapid and uniform heating of the methanol flowing through the methanol channel. The heating coil is located outside the methanol channel, which allows for precise control of the heating part, and this part is as close as possible to the cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a pressure-boosting device, which is: A one-way valve is installed on the fuel supply line of the oil rail to prevent methanol from flowing back when it is heated, thereby increasing the pressure in the oil rail and ensuring pressure accumulation. And / or, A high-pressure oil pump is installed upstream of the fuel in the oil rail to actively increase the pressure of methanol entering the oil rail, thereby increasing the methanol vaporization temperature. The system utilizes the thermal expansion properties of methanol, heating it to expand its volume and increasing the pressure in the oil rail under the check valve's action, causing the methanol to flash vaporize when it enters the cylinder.

[0016] Secondly, the present invention provides another methanol engine flash injection system, comprising: Vehicle ECU; The AI-driven control board is connected to the vehicle ECU and is used to receive operating parameters including engine coolant temperature, ambient temperature and methanol pressure in the fuel rail. Oil rails are used for storing and distributing methanol fuel; At least one fuel injector is connected to the fuel rail; An oil rail heating device is installed on the oil rail; A pressure sensor, installed on the oil rail, is used to monitor the methanol pressure in the oil rail in real time and feed the signal back to the AI ​​drive control board; The AI ​​drive control board is electrically connected to the electromagnetic induction heating fuel injector and the pressure sensor. The oil rail heating device is configured to heat the metal wall of the oil rail assembly by electromagnetic induction in order to heat the methanol inside it. or, It is configured to directly heat methanol by applying high-frequency high-voltage alternating current, pulsed high-voltage direct current, or exciting plasma to the methanol inside it.

[0017] Thirdly, the present invention provides a methanol engine flash injection control method, applied to the methanol engine flash injection system of the first aspect described above, comprising the following steps: S1. Data Acquisition and Command Reception: The AI ​​drive control board receives engine operating parameters and start commands from the vehicle ECU via the CAN bus. S2, Intelligent Decision-Making and Heating Start: The AI-driven control board starts the heating process of the electromagnetic induction heating injector based on the operating parameters; S3. Dynamic adjustment and closed-loop control: The temperature sensor built into the electromagnetic induction heating nozzle and the pressure sensor on the fuel rail monitor the methanol temperature and fuel rail pressure in real time. The AI-driven control board dynamically adjusts the heating power according to the feedback so that the methanol temperature and fuel rail pressure reach the preset threshold. S4. Flash Injection and Engine Start-up: When the methanol temperature and fuel rail pressure reach preset thresholds, the AI ​​drive control board notifies the vehicle ECU. The vehicle ECU controls the starter motor to operate and drives the electromagnetic induction heating injector to open, injecting high-temperature, high-pressure methanol into the cylinder to achieve flash vaporization. The AI ​​drive control board calculates the heating rate of each electromagnetic induction heating injector in real time. If the heating rate exceeds a preset safety threshold, it is determined to be a fault, and heating of the fuel injector is stopped, while a fault signal is sent to the vehicle ECU.

[0018] Fourthly, the present invention provides another methanol engine flash injection control method, applied to the methanol engine flash injection system of the second aspect above, comprising the following steps: S1. Data Acquisition and Command Reception: The AI ​​drive control board receives engine operating parameters and start commands from the vehicle ECU via the CAN bus; S2. Intelligent Decision-Making and Heating Start-up: The AI-driven control board starts the oil rail heating device to heat the methanol in the oil rail based on the operating parameters; S3. Dynamic adjustment and closed-loop control: The pressure of the oil rail is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor on the oil rail. The AI-driven control board dynamically adjusts the heating power of the oil rail heating device according to the feedback, so that the methanol temperature and oil rail pressure reach the preset threshold. S4. Flash injection and engine start-up: When the methanol temperature and fuel rail pressure reach the preset threshold, the AI ​​drive control board notifies the vehicle ECU. The vehicle ECU controls the starter motor to operate and drives the fuel injector to open, injecting high-temperature and high-pressure methanol into the cylinder to achieve flash vaporization.

[0019] The steps are similar to those in the third aspect, except that the object of heating control is the oil rail heating device, and closed-loop control is mainly based on pressure sensor feedback.

[0020] Fifthly, the present invention provides a vehicle characterized in that it includes any of the above-mentioned methanol engine flash injection systems.

[0021] The outstanding effects of this invention are: Compared with existing technologies, it has the following significant advantages: Precise Control: Traditional heating systems often employ fixed parameters or simple closed-loop control, making them ill-suited for complex operating conditions. This invention, however, integrates multi-source sensor data through an AI-driven control board and uses machine learning algorithms to dynamically adjust the heating strategy in real time, achieving high-precision, adaptive closed-loop control of methanol temperature and fuel rail pressure.

[0022] Energy Efficiency Improvement: This invention abandons the traditional method of heating a large amount of methanol throughout the pipeline. Instead, it directly and rapidly heats only a localized portion of the methanol within the injector or fuel rail. The target mass is small and has low thermal inertia, resulting in low heating power and short heating time. The system's energy consumption is significantly lower than traditional staged heating schemes. Simultaneously, the system intelligently utilizes the thermal expansion characteristics of methanol to increase fuel rail pressure, further reducing reliance on external mechanical pressurization and improving overall energy efficiency.

[0023] Simplified Structure: This invention eliminates the need for external, complex staged heating devices (such as heat exchange tubes and heat-conducting blocks) or additional gasoline auxiliary ignition systems as described in the background section. By highly integrating the heating function into the electromagnetic induction heating injector or on the fuel rail, the system structure is greatly simplified, its size and weight are significantly reduced, and manufacturing costs and layout difficulties are lowered.

[0024] Clean emissions: Reliable flash vaporization achieved through intelligent control allows methanol to instantly form a highly homogeneous mixture with air after injection, thereby promoting complete combustion. Verification shows that this technology can reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions by approximately 45%, and due to complete combustion, produces almost no soot.

[0025] High reliability: This invention features comprehensive real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis functions (such as heating rate monitoring). The AI-driven control board can promptly identify abnormal operating conditions (such as dry burning that may result from excessively rapid heating) and take protective measures to avoid system failures caused by overheating or abnormal pressure, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the entire fuel supply system.

[0026] Facilitates standardized production: The core of this invention lies in the added AI-driven control board, integrated heated fuel injectors or fuel rail devices, and corresponding sensors. Modifications to existing methanol engine production lines mainly involve adding the aforementioned components and a small number of wiring harnesses, requiring no radical alterations. Therefore, it is easy to achieve standardized, large-scale production and integrated application on existing vehicle platforms. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system structure connection of Embodiment 1 of the present invention (based on electromagnetic induction heating fuel injector); Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the electromagnetic induction heating nozzle in this invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system structure connection of Embodiment 2 of the present invention (based on an oil rail heating device); Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the overall control method of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a detailed flowchart of the dynamic adjustment and fault diagnosis sub-process in the control method of the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals: 11. Injection body; 12. Valve body; 121. Stepped hole; 122. Conical hole; 123. Spray nozzle; 13. Armature; 14. Heating coil; 15. Valve needle; 151. Rod; 152. First convex ring; 153. Second convex ring; 154. Cone; 155. Vent hole; 16. Return spring; 17. Temperature sensor; 18. Oil rail heating device; 19. Standard fuel injector; 20. Electromagnetic coil; 100. Methanol flow channel. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0030] The following is for reference Figures 1 to 5 The present invention will be described as follows: Example 1: Flash injection system based on electromagnetic induction heating nozzle like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a methanol engine flash injection system. The system includes a vehicle ECU (Electronic Control Unit) serving as the vehicle's brain, and an AI-driven control board serving as the core of intelligent heating control. The two exchange data in real-time and reliably via a high-speed CAN bus. The vehicle ECU packages and sends collected operating parameters such as engine coolant temperature, intake air temperature, engine speed, and throttle position, as well as start-up and stop control commands, to the AI-driven control board.

[0031] The fuel supply system includes a methanol tank, a high-pressure fuel pump, a check valve, and a fuel rail. Methanol fuel is drawn from the methanol tank by the high-pressure fuel pump and delivered via the supply pipeline. The check valve, installed before the fuel rail inlet, establishes unidirectional flow, preventing fuel from flowing back into the tank when pressure increases within the fuel rail. This is crucial for utilizing the thermal expansion generated by subsequent heating to boost pressure. The fuel rail acts as a common rail accumulator, distributing fuel to each cylinder. A high-precision pressure sensor is mounted on the fuel rail to continuously monitor the absolute pressure of methanol within the rail in real time and transmits the signal to the AI-driven control board.

[0032] The core innovative component of this embodiment is the electromagnetic induction heating fuel injector. Each cylinder corresponds to one electromagnetic induction heating fuel injector, which is connected to the fuel rail through the fuel inlet. The AI ​​drive control board is connected to each electromagnetic induction heating fuel injector and the pressure sensor through an integrated wiring harness (not shown separately in the figure, including power lines, control lines, and signal lines) to realize power supply, drive control, and signal acquisition.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, this electromagnetic induction heated fuel injector is a revolutionary integration of the traditional electromagnetic fuel injector structure. Its main body is an injection-molded body 11, which internally encapsulates a valve body 12, an armature 13, an electromagnetic coil 20, a heating coil 14, and also includes a valve needle 15, a return spring 16, and a temperature sensor 17.

[0034] The electromagnetic coil 20 is mounted outside the armature 13 and functions the same as a traditional fuel injector: when the AI ​​drive control board or the vehicle ECU issues a fuel injection command, the electromagnetic coil 20 is energized, causing the armature 13 to become magnetic, attracting the valve needle 15, which has an initial gap with it, to move and compress the return spring 16, thereby opening the injection hole.

[0035] A heating coil 14 is wound around the outside of the valve body 12. The valve body 12 has precision-machined stepped holes 121, conical holes 122, and nozzles 123 connected in sequence. The valve needle 15 is specially designed, including a rod 151, a first convex ring 152, a second convex ring 153, and a cone 154 at the end. When the valve needle 15 is inserted into the valve body 12, its first convex ring 152 fits against the inner wall of the larger end of the stepped hole 121, the second convex ring 153 fits against the inner wall of the smaller end, and the cone 154 cooperates with the conical hole 122 to form a sealing pair. Thus, a ring-shaped methanol flow channel 100 is naturally formed between the stepped hole 121, the rod 151, and the two convex rings. Vent holes 155 on the two convex rings ensure that methanol can smoothly fill the entire flow channel.

[0036] The key point is that the heating coil 14 is positioned precisely around the outer periphery of the methanol flow channel 100. When the AI-driven control board decides to heat, it outputs a high-frequency (e.g., 20-100 kHz) alternating current to the heating coil 14. This current generates a high-intensity high-frequency alternating magnetic field around the coil. Since both the valve body 12 and the valve needle 15 are made of highly magnetically permeable metal materials (such as special steel), strong eddy currents are induced inside them under the influence of the high-frequency magnetic field. According to Joule's law, these eddy currents generate a large amount of heat as they flow inside the metal, causing the temperature of the valve body 12 and the valve needle 15 to rise rapidly to the target temperature (e.g., 90-110°C) in a very short time (e.g., 2-5 seconds). This heat is directly and efficiently transferred to the methanol flowing at high speed through the methanol flow channel 100 via thermal conduction, achieving "targeted" rapid heating.

[0037] A temperature sensor 17 (such as a PT100 platinum resistance thermometer) is embedded in the valve body 12 near the heating coil 14 to accurately measure the temperature of the metal body, thereby indirectly and quickly reflecting the temperature of methanol after heating, and feeding the signal back to the AI ​​drive control board.

[0038] System working process and control methods: In a cold start scenario at -20°C, the driver turns the key to start the vehicle. The vehicle ECU 1 is powered on, collects information such as coolant temperature (-20°C) and ambient temperature (-20°C), and sends a "cold start preheating" command and data packet to the AI ​​drive control board via the CAN bus.

[0039] After receiving the command, the AI-driven control board first performs a self-test and sensor signal verification (pressure sensor, temperature sensor 17 of each electromagnetic induction heated fuel injector). After the verification is successful, its built-in machine learning model (such as a neural network trained with a large amount of cold start experimental data) begins to work. Based on the extremely low ambient temperature input, the model determines that a strong heating strategy is required and instantly calculates the initial target temperature (e.g., 105°C), the maximum allowable heating power, the expected heating time (e.g., 3 seconds), and the heating rate safety threshold (e.g., 15°C / s).

[0040] Subsequently, the AI-driven control board activates the heating coil 14 of the electromagnetic induction heated fuel injector. Simultaneously, it closely monitors the temperature rise curve from the temperature sensor 17 of the electromagnetic induction heated fuel injector and the fuel rail pressure value from the pressure sensor.

[0041] This process enters a dynamic closed-loop adjustment phase. The AI-driven control board calculates the temperature rise rate in real time. If the rate is lower than expected, the heat power is slightly increased; if the rate is normal, the original strategy is followed. Crucially, if the system detects an abnormal spike in the heating rate of a fuel injector (e.g., exceeding 18°C / s), this may indicate that the methanol inside the electromagnetic induction heated injector has completely vaporized, causing "dry burning," or a sensor malfunction. The AI-driven control board will immediately cut off the heating power to that injector and send a specific fault code to the vehicle ECU via the CAN bus to ensure system safety.

[0042] During the heating process, a small amount of methanol is rapidly heated inside the electromagnetic induction heating injector and at the front end of the fuel rail connected to it. The methanol expands due to heat, but because of the one-way valve, the expansion force has nowhere to be released, thus driving a steady increase in pressure throughout the fuel rail. The pressure sensor provides real-time feedback of this pressure increase signal. Based on this dual feedback of pressure and temperature, the AI-driven control board intelligently adjusts the heating endpoint. When it determines that the methanol temperature has reached 105°C and the fuel rail pressure has risen to 8 bar (at which point the methanol boiling point is approximately 120°C), indicating that the methanol is in a "superheated liquid" state, the AI-driven control board sends a "heating ready, start" signal to the vehicle ECU.

[0043] Upon receiving the signal, the vehicle ECU immediately controls the starter motor to rotate the engine crankshaft. Simultaneously, at a precisely calculated moment, it energizes the solenoid coil of the fuel injector with an extremely short pulse width. Valve needle 15 lifts, and high-temperature (105°C), high-pressure (8 bar) liquid methanol is injected into the negative-pressure (approximately 0.5 bar) combustion chamber. At the instant of injection, the methanol pressure drops sharply from 8 bar to 0.5 bar, and its corresponding boiling point drops sharply from approximately 120°C to approximately 65°C. Since the methanol's own temperature (105°C) is much higher than 65°C, a violent "flash vaporization" phenomenon occurs, instantly and completely vaporizing the methanol and forming a highly homogeneous combustible mixture with air. The spark plug ignites, and the engine starts smoothly. After starting, the AI-driven control board continues to operate, adjusting the preheating strategy for subsequent cycles in real time based on engine load and speed to achieve optimal operation.

[0044] Example 2: Flash Evaporation Injection System Based on Oil Rail Heating Device like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides another technical approach to achieve flash injection. Its system architecture is similar to that of Embodiment 1, including a vehicle ECU, AI drive control board, fuel rail, pressure sensors, etc. The main difference is: 1. Traditional standard fuel injectors are used, which do not have a heating function.

[0045] 2. An oil rail heating device is integrated into the oil rail. This device has two implementation modes: Mode A (Electromagnetic Induction Heating): The oil rail heating device is an electromagnetic coil wound around the outer wall of the oil rail. When the AI-driven control board drives it to work, the generated alternating magnetic field causes eddy currents in the metal pipe wall of the oil rail, which heats up. The heat is conducted through the pipe wall to all the methanol inside, heating it as a whole.

[0046] Mode B (Direct Electric / Plasma Heating): The oil rail heating device consists of a pair of corrosion-resistant electrodes inserted into the oil rail. The AI-driven control board can output high-frequency, high-voltage AC power to the electrodes, causing the methanol to heat up due to dielectric loss; or output pulsed high-voltage DC power to generate an electric arc; or output a specific frequency voltage to excite the methanol to generate low-temperature plasma. All these methods can directly convert electrical energy into the internal energy of the methanol, achieving rapid heating.

[0047] The control method in this embodiment is logically similar to that in Embodiment 1, but the objects are different. The AI-driven control board controls the fuel rail heating device to heat all the methanol in the fuel rail. Due to the large heating amount, the pressure rise effect is more significant and uniform. The control closed loop mainly relies on feedback from the pressure sensor, and the degree of heating is determined by monitoring the rate of rise and final value of the fuel rail pressure. When the pressure reaches a preset threshold (e.g., 10 bar, at which point the boiling point is higher), the AI-driven control board notifies the vehicle ECU 1 to start the engine and inject fuel. After the high-temperature, high-pressure methanol is injected from the standard fuel injector, it also undergoes flash evaporation due to the pressure drop.

[0048] The advantage of Example 2 is that it allows the use of lower-cost standard fuel injectors, and the heating device is centralized with a single control point. It is suitable for applications where cost is more critical or where installation space is limited by fuel injector size constraints.

[0049] Example 3: Variation of the integrated control unit In Embodiment 1 or 2 above, the hardware and software functions of the independent AI-driven control board can be fully integrated into the vehicle ECU. That is, a more powerful multi-core automotive-grade microprocessor is used as the vehicle ECU, with dedicated computing resources allocated within it to run the machine learning algorithm and heating control logic of this invention. It directly acquires sensor signals and directly outputs heating drive signals. This variant eliminates a separate control board, simplifies the wiring harness, and reduces overall cost, while achieving the same intelligent flash injection function.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications assumed above should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A methanol engine flash injection system, characterized in that, include: Vehicle ECU; The AI-driven control board is communicatively connected to the vehicle ECU. Oil rail; At least one electromagnetic induction heated fuel injector is connected to the fuel rail; A pressure sensor is mounted on the oil rail; The AI ​​drive control board is electrically connected to the electromagnetic induction heating fuel injector and the pressure sensor.

2. The methanol engine flash injection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AI-driven control board employs machine learning algorithms.

3. The methanol engine flash injection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic induction heating nozzle includes a valve body (12), an armature (13), an electromagnetic coil (20), and a heating coil (14) nested in the injection molding body (11). The electromagnetic coil (20) is inserted outside the armature (13), and the heating coil (14) is inserted outside the valve body (12). A valve needle (15) is sleeved inside the valve body (12). A return spring (16) is clamped between the valve needle (15) and the armature (13). There is a gap between the end of the valve needle (15) near the armature (13) and the armature (13).

4. A methanol engine flash injection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A temperature sensor (17) is provided on the valve body (12).

5. A methanol engine flash injection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The valve body (12) includes a stepped hole (121), a conical hole (122), and a spray hole (123) arranged in sequence inside. The valve needle (15) includes an integrally formed rod body (151), a first protruding ring (152) and a second protruding ring (153) disposed at both ends of the rod body (151), and a cone (154) disposed at the end of the rod body (151); the cone (154) is inserted into the cone hole (122), the first protruding ring (152) abuts against the inner wall of the large end hole of the stepped hole (121), and the second protruding ring (153) abuts against the inner wall of the small end hole of the stepped hole (121); The stepped hole (121), the rod (151), the first convex ring (152) and the second convex ring (153) form a methanol flow channel (100); the first convex ring (152) and the second convex ring (153) are each formed with a vent hole (155) communicating with the methanol flow channel (100). The heating coil (14) is located outside the methanol flow channel (100).

6. A methanol engine flash injection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure boosting device, which is: A one-way valve is installed on the fuel supply line of the oil rail; And / or, A high-pressure oil pump is located upstream of the fuel in the oil rail.

7. A methanol engine flash injection system, characterized in that: include: Vehicle ECU; The AI-driven control board is communicatively connected to the vehicle ECU. Oil rail; At least one fuel injector is connected to the fuel rail; An oil rail heating device is installed on the oil rail; A pressure sensor is mounted on the oil rail; The AI ​​drive control board is electrically connected to the electromagnetic induction heating fuel injector and the pressure sensor. The oil rail heating device is configured to heat the metal wall of the oil rail assembly by electromagnetic induction in order to heat the methanol inside it. or, It is configured to directly heat methanol by applying high-frequency high-voltage alternating current, pulsed high-voltage direct current, or exciting plasma to the methanol inside it.

8. A methanol engine flash injection control method, applied to a methanol engine flash injection system as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Data Acquisition and Command Reception: The AI ​​drive control board receives engine operating parameters and start commands from the vehicle ECU via the CAN bus; S2, Intelligent Decision-Making and Heating Start: The AI-driven control board starts the heating process of the electromagnetic induction heating injector based on the operating parameters; S3. Dynamic adjustment and closed-loop control: The temperature sensor built into the electromagnetic induction heating nozzle and the pressure sensor on the fuel rail monitor the methanol temperature and fuel rail pressure in real time. The AI-driven control board dynamically adjusts the heating power according to the feedback so that the methanol temperature and fuel rail pressure reach the preset threshold. S4. Flash injection and engine start-up: When the methanol temperature and fuel rail pressure reach the preset threshold, the AI ​​drive control board notifies the vehicle ECU. The vehicle ECU controls the starter motor to operate and drives the electromagnetic induction heating fuel injector to open, injecting high-temperature and high-pressure methanol into the cylinder to achieve flash vaporization.

9. A methanol engine flash injection control method, applied to the methanol engine flash injection system as described in claim 7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Data Acquisition and Command Reception: The AI ​​drive control board receives engine operating parameters and start commands from the vehicle ECU via the CAN bus; S2. Intelligent Decision-Making and Heating Start-up: The AI-driven control board starts the oil rail heating device to heat the methanol in the oil rail based on the operating parameters; S3. Dynamic adjustment and closed-loop control: The pressure of the oil rail is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor on the oil rail. The AI-driven control board dynamically adjusts the heating power of the oil rail heating device according to the feedback, so that the methanol temperature and oil rail pressure reach the preset threshold. S4. Flash injection and engine start-up: When the methanol temperature and fuel rail pressure reach the preset threshold, the AI ​​drive control board notifies the vehicle ECU. The vehicle ECU controls the starter motor to operate and drives the fuel injector to open, injecting high-temperature and high-pressure methanol into the cylinder to achieve flash vaporization.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: It includes a methanol engine flash injection system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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