Composite power generation device based on wind power and rain

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite power generation device based on wind power and rain, and the device comprises an energy collection device which is used for collecting wind energy and raindrop energy which can be converted into electric energy; the energy conversion device is connected with the energy collection device and used for converting the wind energy and the raindrop energy collected by the energy collection device into electric energy; and the electric energy management module is electrically connected with the energy conversion device and is used for rectifying and storing the electric energy converted by the energy conversion device and supplying power to a load. Through the structural design, the solar street lamp can adapt to scenes such as solar street lamps, various kinds of energy are collected and converted through the energy collecting device, stable power supply under different weather conditions is achieved, and therefore the solar street lamp has the advantages of being wide in energy collecting range, high in conversion efficiency, compact in structure, high in environmental adaptability and the like; the system is suitable for autonomous power supply scenes of outdoor low-power-consumption equipment (such as an Internet of Things sensor and a field monitoring terminal).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of renewable energy technology, and more specifically, to a wind-rain hybrid power generation device. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing global energy demand and growing environmental problems, the efficient development and utilization of renewable energy has become a research hotspot. Natural energy sources such as wind and rain energy have attracted widespread attention due to their abundant reserves and clean, pollution-free characteristics. However, traditional wind power generation devices often rely on large blade structures, resulting in problems such as large size, high starting wind speeds, and low utilization rates of wind energy at low wind speeds. Rain energy, as an underdeveloped energy source, primarily derives its energy from the kinetic energy of falling raindrops. Existing rain power generation devices often employ a design where raindrops directly impact dry piezoelectric surfaces, which is prone to energy dissipation due to raindrop splashing, leading to generally low energy collection efficiency.

[0003] Meanwhile, with the development of IoT technology, the demand for autonomous power supply systems for outdoor low-power devices (such as wireless sensor networks) is becoming increasingly urgent. These devices are typically located in remote areas or complex environments, and relying on traditional battery power requires frequent replacements, resulting in high maintenance costs. Single-energy power generation devices (such as those relying solely on wind or solar power) are constrained by environmental factors and struggle to achieve continuous and stable power supply. Therefore, developing a small-scale power generation device that can integrate multiple natural energy sources, adapt to complex environments, and provide high efficiency and stability is of significant practical importance.

[0004] In the field of hybrid energy power generation, there have been relevant technological explorations and research results. However, there is still room for improvement in terms of structural layout design, energy management mechanism construction, and adaptability to complex environments for current hybrid power generation devices. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing single-energy power generation devices, such as being severely limited by the environment, having unreasonable structures in hybrid energy devices, and having low energy collection efficiency. This device achieves the coordinated collection of wind energy and raindrop energy by optimizing the structural design and combination of wind and rain power generation units, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency and enhancing the device's environmental adaptability. It can provide continuous and stable power for outdoor low-power devices.

[0006] The summary section introduces a series of simplified concepts, which will be further explained in detail in the detailed description section. The summary section of this invention is not intended to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0007] To at least partially solve the above problems, the present invention provides a wind-rain hybrid power generation device, comprising: an energy harvesting device for harvesting wind energy and raindrop energy that can be converted into electrical energy; An energy conversion device, connected to an energy harvesting device, is used to convert wind energy and raindrop energy collected by the energy harvesting device into electrical energy; The power management module is electrically connected to the energy conversion device and is used to rectify and store the electrical energy converted by the energy conversion device and supply power to the load.

[0008] Preferably, The energy conversion device is a deformation energy conversion device, used to convert the energy generated by deformation into electrical energy; The energy harvesting device is a vibration module used to cause deformation of the deformation energy conversion device.

[0009] Preferably, The deformation energy conversion device consists of a cantilever beam and a piezoelectric material layer. The vibration module is disposed at one end of the cantilever beam. The cantilever beam has stiffness and elasticity. The piezoelectric material layer is disposed on the surface of the cantilever beam. The cantilever beam and the vibration module form a cantilever vibration structure. The cantilever beam is used to cause deformation of the piezoelectric material layer.

[0010] Preferably, the vibration module includes a spoon-shaped structure disposed at one end of the deformation energy conversion device for forming a stable water layer.

[0011] Preferably, the vibration module includes a blunt body structure disposed at one end of the deformation energy conversion device for inducing vortex-induced vibration.

[0012] Preferably, The energy conversion device is an electromagnetic energy conversion device, used to generate electrical energy through changes in magnetic field; The energy harvesting device is a vibration module used to change the magnetic flux of the electromagnetic energy conversion device.

[0013] Preferably, the electromagnetic energy conversion device consists of a permanent magnet, a coil, and a coil frame. The coil is wound around the coil frame, and the permanent magnet is connected to the vibration module through an elastic structure. The permanent magnet is located at the central axis of the coil frame, and the vibration module drives the permanent magnet to reciprocate within the coil frame through the elastic structure.

[0014] Preferably, the power management module includes: A rectifier circuit is used to stabilize the input voltage; Energy storage units are used to store electrical energy and ensure stable output; A voltage regulator circuit is used to protect the energy storage unit and the load. The control chip is used to collect the voltage and output current of the energy storage unit in real time, and to regulate the charging and discharging process based on the collected data, as well as to realize intelligent regulation of power output.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a support base, with one end of the energy conversion device connected to the energy harvesting device and the other end connected to the support base.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This application makes it adaptable to scenarios such as solar streetlights. By collecting and converting various types of energy through an energy harvesting device, it can achieve stable power supply under different weather conditions. As a result, this application has advantages such as wide energy harvesting range, high conversion efficiency, compact structure, and strong environmental adaptability. It is suitable for autonomous power supply scenarios of outdoor low-power devices (such as IoT sensors, field monitoring terminals, etc.).

[0017] The wind-rain hybrid power generation device of the present invention, other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wind-rain hybrid power generation device described in this invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a rain-fed power generation unit.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a wind power generation unit.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a wind power generation unit.

[0022] Figure 5 This represents the total deformation of the rain-fed power generation unit.

[0023] Figure 6 The equivalent elastic strain of the rain-fed power generation unit.

[0024] Figure 7 The equivalent stress of the rain-fed power generation unit.

[0025] Figure 8 This is the first-order mode of the rain-fed power generation unit.

[0026] Figure 9 This represents the second-order mode of the rain-fed power generation unit.

[0027] Figure 10 This represents the third-order mode of the rain-fed power generation unit.

[0028] Figure 11 This represents the fourth-order mode of the rain-fed power generation unit.

[0029] Figure 12 The fifth mode of the rain-fed power generation unit.

[0030] Figure 13 This represents the sixth-order mode of the rain-fed power generation unit.

[0031] Figure 14 Fluid analysis for rain-fed power generation units.

[0032] Figure 15 This represents the total deformation of the wind power generation unit.

[0033] Figure 16 This represents the equivalent elastic strain of the wind power generation unit.

[0034] Figure 17 This represents the equivalent stress of the wind power generation unit.

[0035] Figure 18 This represents the first-order mode of the wind power generation unit.

[0036] Figure 19 This represents the second-order mode of the wind power generation unit.

[0037] Figure 20 This represents the third-order mode of the wind power generation unit.

[0038] Figure 21 This represents the fourth-order mode of the wind power generation unit.

[0039] Figure 22 This represents the fifth-order mode of the wind power generation unit.

[0040] Figure 23 This represents the sixth-order mode of the wind power generation unit.

[0041] Figure 24 Fluid analysis for wind power generation units.

[0042] Figure 25 This is a diagram from an experiment simulating wind energy harvesting.

[0043] Figure 26 A diagram illustrating an experiment to simulate collecting energy from raindrops.

[0044] In the diagram: 1. Cantilever beam, 2. Piezoelectric material layer, 3. Spoon-shaped structure, 4. Blunt body structure, 5. Permanent magnet, 6. Coil, 7. Coil frame, 8. Elastic structure, 9. Support base. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0046] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0047] like Figures 1-26 As shown, the present invention provides a wind-rain hybrid power generation device, comprising: an energy harvesting device for harvesting energy that can be converted into electrical energy, wherein the energy harvested from the outside includes wind energy and raindrop energy. The energy harvesting device, as the core of the hybrid power generation device, can enhance the wind energy and raindrop energy absorbed from the outside. Taking wind energy as an example, the design range of the target wind speed can be as low as 2 m / s, thereby significantly increasing the energy harvesting range. Furthermore, by scaling up the energy harvesting device, the conversion efficiency of the energy conversion device can be improved, thereby enhancing the environmental adaptability of this application.

[0048] An energy conversion device, connected to an energy harvesting device, is used to convert wind energy and raindrop energy collected by the energy harvesting device into electrical energy; the energy harvesting device and the energy conversion device can form a power generation unit, such as a wind power generation unit or a raindrop power generation unit.

[0049] The power management module, electrically connected to the energy conversion device, is used to rectify and store the electrical energy converted by the device and supply power to the load. The power management module is crucial for achieving power integration, storage, and stable output. As one of many implementation methods, it adopts a P-SSHI topology, which reduces losses and improves energy recovery efficiency through optimized circuit topology and component selection.

[0050] Through the above structural design, this application can be adapted to scenarios such as solar street lights. By collecting and converting various types of energy through an energy harvesting device, it can achieve stable power supply under different weather conditions. As a result, this application has advantages such as wide energy harvesting range, high conversion efficiency, compact structure, and strong environmental adaptability. It is suitable for autonomous power supply scenarios of outdoor low-power devices (such as IoT sensors, field monitoring terminals, etc.).

[0051] Furthermore, the power management module includes: A rectifier circuit is used to stabilize the input voltage; As one of many implementation methods, the rectifier circuit employs a bridge rectifier circuit (composed of four Schottky diodes 1N5819) connected to the energy conversion device (e.g., the PVDF film of piezoelectric material layer 2 described below). Since the energy conversion device (e.g., piezoelectric and electromagnetic induction described below) outputs alternating current, the rectifier circuit can convert it to direct current with a conversion efficiency ≥95%. To address the issue of large voltage fluctuations in the output voltage of piezoelectric material layer 2, a 10μF capacitor can be connected in series at the input of the rectifier circuit to stabilize the input voltage.

[0052] Energy storage units are used to store electrical energy and ensure stable output; As one of many implementation methods, the energy storage unit adopts a combination structure of a supercapacitor (model EDLC-5F / 5.5V) and a lithium battery (model 18650, capacity 3.7V / 1000mAh), with the two connected by diode isolation. Supercapacitors are characterized by fast charging and discharging speeds and long cycle life, enabling them to quickly store instantaneous electrical energy.

[0053] The lithium battery is used for long-term energy storage, ensuring the device can continue to supply power when there is no energy input. When the power generation unit (i.e., the energy conversion device) outputs sufficient electrical energy, it prioritizes charging the supercapacitor. Once the supercapacitor is fully charged (voltage 5.5V), the lithium battery is then charged through the voltage regulation circuit. When the output electrical energy is insufficient, the supercapacitor and the lithium battery discharge together to ensure stable output.

[0054] A voltage regulator circuit is used to protect the energy storage unit and the load. As one of many implementation methods, the voltage regulator circuit uses the LM1117-3.3 DC-DC regulator chip to stabilize the rectified DC power output at 3.3V, meeting the power supply requirements of outdoor low-power devices (such as sensors and street light controllers). The voltage regulator circuit input is equipped with an overvoltage protection module (threshold 5.8V), which automatically cuts off the circuit when the input voltage exceeds the threshold, protecting the energy storage unit and subsequent loads. The output is equipped with an overcurrent protection module (maximum current 1A) to prevent damage to the device due to a short circuit in the load.

[0055] The control chip is used to collect the voltage and output current of the energy storage unit in real time, and to regulate the charging and discharging process based on the collected data, as well as to realize the intelligent regulation of power output. As one of many implementation methods, the control chip uses an STM32F103 microcontroller. It acquires the voltage and output current of the energy storage unit in real time via an ADC interface (sampling frequency 1Hz) and regulates the charging and discharging process based on the acquired data. When the energy storage unit voltage is below 3.3V, the control chip initiates lithium battery discharge. When the voltage is above 5V, charging stops and overvoltage protection is activated. When the output current exceeds 1A, overcurrent protection is triggered. Furthermore, the control chip can communicate with external devices (such as street light controllers) via an I2C interface to achieve intelligent control of power output.

[0056] Furthermore, it also includes a support base 9, one end of the energy conversion device is connected to the energy harvesting device, and the other end is connected to the support base 9.

[0057] As one of the many implementation methods, the support base 9 is made of stainless steel (304 grade) and consists of two clamping blocks, upper and lower. The two clamping blocks are connected by bolts. One end of the cantilever beam is located between the two clamping blocks and is clamped and fixed to the support base 9 by the two clamping blocks. The bottom of the support base 9 is equipped with a shock-absorbing pad (made of rubber) to reduce the impact of the vibration of the power generation device on the installation carrier.

[0058] Furthermore, the energy conversion device is a deformation energy conversion device, used to convert the energy generated by deformation into electrical energy; The energy harvesting device is a vibration module used to cause deformation of the deformation energy conversion device.

[0059] As one of many implementations, the deformation energy conversion device consists of a cantilever beam 1 and a piezoelectric material layer 2. The vibration module is disposed at one end of the cantilever beam 1, and the other end of the cantilever beam 1 is fixed to the support base 9. The cantilever beam 1 has both stiffness and elasticity, thereby forming a cantilever vibration structure with the vibration module and the cantilever beam 1. The piezoelectric material layer 2 is disposed on the surface of the cantilever beam 1. The cantilever beam 1 and the vibration module form a cantilever vibration structure. The cantilever beam 1 is used to cause the piezoelectric material layer 2 to deform.

[0060] Through the above structural design, as long as the external environment drives the vibration module to vibrate, the swing of the vibration module can cause the piezoelectric material layer 2 on the cantilever beam 1 to deform, thereby outputting electrical energy. Therefore, a wind power generation unit and a rain power generation unit can be derived. The wind power generation unit uses wind to blow the vibration module, causing it to vibrate; the rain power generation unit uses the impact of raindrops to cause the vibration module to vibrate. This allows this application to be manufactured as a wind-rain hybrid power generation device, effectively utilizing wind energy and raindrop energy.

[0061] As one of many implementation methods, the cantilever beam 1 is made of materials with sufficient rigidity and elasticity, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy. The piezoelectric material layer 2 uses PZT-5A piezoelectric sheets (or ZnO nanowires, piezoelectric ceramic composite materials, etc., to improve piezoelectric conversion efficiency). The piezoelectric sheets are fixed to the surface of the cantilever beam 1 with epoxy resin adhesive (bonding strength ≥5MPa). The two ends of the cantilever beam 1 are connected to the vibration module (e.g., the spoon structure 3 of the rain power generation unit or the blunt body structure 4 of the wind power generation unit) and the support base 9, respectively, forming a cantilever structure. When the external environment causes the vibration module to vibrate (e.g., the blunt body structure 4 is displaced due to vortex-induced vibration), the cantilever beam 1 causes the piezoelectric sheet to bend and deform, the internal lattice structure of the piezoelectric sheet changes, the positive and negative charge centers separate, and output electrical energy is generated on the surface.

[0062] Furthermore, to improve energy conversion efficiency, the piezoelectric element should be pasted on the cantilever beam 1 to avoid stress nodes. Finite element analysis has verified that the strain is greatest and the power output is best when the piezoelectric element is pasted in the region of 1 / 3 to 2 / 3 of the length of the cantilever beam 1.

[0063] As mentioned earlier, raindrop splashing leads to energy dissipation, thereby reducing energy collection efficiency. To solve the problem of low energy collection efficiency of rain power generation unit, the vibration module includes a spoon structure 3 set at one end of the deformation energy conversion device to form a stable water layer. The water-bearing spoon structure 3 changes the impact mode of raindrops and reduces energy dissipation.

[0064] As one of many implementation methods, the cantilever beam 1 is made of 6061 aluminum alloy. One end of the cantilever beam 1 is fixed to the support base 9 by bolts, and the other end is connected to the spoon structure 3 to form a cantilever vibration structure. The choice of aluminum alloy material ensures that the cantilever beam 1 is not prone to fatigue damage under frequent vibration. Its elastic modulus is 69 GPa and its Poisson's ratio is 0.33. Static structural analysis has verified that under the action of raindrop impact force (maximum 5 N), the maximum strain does not exceed 0.0015, which meets the structural strength requirements.

[0065] As one of many implementation methods, the piezoelectric material layer 2 uses a PVDF film as the piezoelectric conversion material. It is fixed to the surface of the cantilever beam 1 near the spoon structure 3 via a coating process (coating pressure 0.5 MPa), forming an integrated structure with the cantilever beam 1. The PVDF film possesses excellent flexibility and piezoelectric response characteristics. When the cantilever beam 1 vibrates due to raindrop impact, the film deforms, generating piezoelectric charges. Compared to traditional PZT materials, the PVDF film is more adaptable to the bending vibration of the cantilever beam and maintains high conversion efficiency even at low amplitudes.

[0066] As one of many implementation methods, the spoon structure 3 is made of polypropylene (density 0.91 g / cm³). It is formed by surrounding the top of the cantilever beam 1 with a cylindrical structure that opens at the top, creating a water storage space. Drainage outlets are provided on the surrounding edge. The bottom of the surrounding edge is welded to the end of the cantilever beam 1, with rounded corners at the weld to reduce stress concentration. Raindrops impacting the water layer within the storage space cause the cantilever beam 1 to vibrate, driving the piezoelectric material layer 2 to generate a piezoelectric effect and achieve energy conversion. The key design of the spoon structure 3 is the formation of a stable water layer through initial water storage. When raindrops hit the water surface, the water layer buffers the impact force and evenly transfers the energy to the cantilever beam 1, avoiding splashing loss caused by raindrops directly impacting the dry surface.

[0067] As mentioned earlier, traditional wind power generation devices mostly rely on large blade structures. To solve the problems of large volume, high starting wind speed, and low wind energy utilization rate at low wind speeds, the vibration module includes a blunt body structure 4 set at one end of the deformation energy conversion device to induce vortex-induced vibration.

[0068] As one of many implementation methods, the blunt body structure 4, as a key component inducing vortex-induced vibration, adopts a cylindrical or cuboid structure and is made of aluminum alloy (6061 grade), combining lightweight and high strength characteristics. Characteristic dimensions of the blunt body structure 4. Designed based on the target wind speed range (2-15 m / s), using the formula The calculations determine that the Strauhall number is... The value is 0.2 (based on the fluid dynamics characteristics of the cylindrical blunt body structure 4). The incoming wind speed is taken as the target wind speed range of 2-15 m / s, and the vortex shedding frequency is... It needs to be consistent with the natural frequency of the bluff body structure 4 (with a deviation of no more than 5%) in order to achieve a resonance effect and enhance the vibration amplitude.

[0069] Furthermore, the energy conversion device is an electromagnetic energy conversion device, used to generate electrical energy through changes in the magnetic field; The energy harvesting device is a vibration module used to change the magnetic flux of the electromagnetic energy conversion device.

[0070] The electromagnetic energy conversion device consists of a permanent magnet 5, a coil 6, and a coil frame 7. The coil 6 is wound around the coil frame 7. The permanent magnet 5 is connected to the vibration module through an elastic structure 8. The permanent magnet 5 is located at the central axis of the coil frame 7. When the external environment drives the vibration module to vibrate, the vibration module drives the permanent magnet 5 to reciprocate within the coil frame 7 through the elastic structure 8, generating an induced current and thus outputting electrical energy.

[0071] Through the above structural design, as long as the external environment drives the vibration module to vibrate, the oscillation of the vibration module can cause a change in the magnetic flux of the electromagnetic energy conversion device, generating an induced current and thus outputting electrical energy. Therefore, similar to the deformation energy conversion device, the electromagnetic energy conversion device can still be used to generate wind power generation units and rain power generation units. The wind power generation unit uses wind to blow the vibration module, causing it to vibrate, while the rain power generation unit uses the impact of raindrops to cause the vibration module to vibrate. This allows this application to be made into a wind-rain hybrid power generation device, effectively utilizing wind energy and raindrop energy.

[0072] To achieve the wind-rain hybrid structural design, the cantilever beam 1 can also be used to modularize the wind power generation unit and the rain power generation unit. Each unit can be assembled and maintained independently. The top and bottom of the cantilever beam 1 are divided into two installation platforms to ensure that the two do not interfere with each other during operation. The rain power generation unit is located on the top installation platform (at a moderate height for easy raindrop collection), ensuring that raindrops can directly impact the water-laden scoop structure 3. The wind power generation unit is located on the bottom installation platform (away from ground obstacles to facilitate airflow), reducing the obstruction of airflow by the rain unit, while utilizing the airflow disturbance below the rain unit to enhance the vortex-induced vibration effect. This application can be installed on carriers such as solar street lights and outdoor monitoring equipment brackets through adapter components, with a very wide range of compatibility.

[0073] Typically, a rain-generating unit consists of a deformation energy conversion device and a vibration module, namely, a cantilever beam 1, a piezoelectric material layer 2, and a spoon-shaped structure 3.

[0074] To optimize the structural design, the electromagnetic energy conversion device is integrated into the vibration module of the wind power generation unit, thereby making the wind power generation unit a piezoelectric-electromagnetic hybrid design. It works based on the eddy-induced vibration principle to capture wind energy. The wind power generation unit consists of a deformation energy conversion device, an electromagnetic energy conversion device, and a vibration module, namely, a cantilever beam 1, a piezoelectric material layer 2, a blunt body structure 4, a permanent magnet 5, a coil 6, and a coil frame 7.

[0075] As one of many implementation methods, the wind power generation unit consists of a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet (model N35), a copper multilayer coil (500 turns), and an ABS coil frame.

[0076] The blunt body structure 4 is a cylindrical structure (or square column, rhombus, etc., which must be able to effectively induce vortex-induced vibration). It has an internal mounting cavity to accommodate the permanent magnet 5, the coil 6, and the coil frame 7. The permanent magnet 5 is connected to the inner top wall of the blunt body structure 4 through the elastic structure 8 (when the blunt body structure 4 is directly mounted on the cantilever beam 1, the end of the elastic structure 8 away from the permanent magnet 5 is mounted on the cantilever beam 1) and is located at the central axis inside the blunt body structure 4. The coil frame 7 is set at the inner bottom of the blunt body structure 4. The coil 6 is wound on the coil frame 7 and placed in the position corresponding to the permanent magnet 5. The coil 6 adopts a multi-layer spiral structure. A preset gap (1-2mm) is maintained between the permanent magnet 5 and the coil 6, and the stroke is 2-8mm. When vortex-induced vibration occurs (i.e., the bluff body structure 4 vibrates), the permanent magnet 5 moves synchronously with the bluff body structure 4, causing a change in the magnetic field around the coil 6. The change in magnetic flux of the coil 6 generates an induced current (according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction), which simultaneously drives the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (i.e., the piezoelectric material layer 2) to undergo mechanical strain and generate a piezoelectric effect. The vortex-induced vibration generated by the bluff body structure 4 in the airflow drives the two types of energy conversion devices (piezoelectric and electromagnetic induction) to generate electricity synchronously.

[0077] To optimize electromagnetic conversion efficiency, the fill factor of the coil... The design value is 0.6 (the ratio of the coil cross-sectional area to the coil frame cross-sectional area), calculated using the formula... Calculate the induced electromotive force, where The number of coil turns. is the rate of change of magnetic flux.

[0078] Wind energy harvesting and conversion process: When there is outdoor wind (wind speed 2-15 m / s), the wind flows through the bluff body structure 4 of the wind power generation unit. Due to the obstruction effect of the bluff body structure 4, alternating vortices (Kármán vortex street phenomenon) are formed behind the bluff body structure 4. When the frequency of vortex shedding matches the natural frequency of the bluff body structure 4, the bluff body structure 4 resonates (vortex-induced vibration), generating a large-amplitude vibration. This vibration drives the cantilever beam 1 and piezoelectric material layer 2 of the deformation energy conversion device to bend and deform. The piezoelectric material layer 2 generates charge due to the piezoelectric effect, which is transmitted to the power management module via wires. On the other hand, it drives the permanent magnet 5 of the electromagnetic energy conversion device to move, causing a change in the magnetic field around the coil 6. The coil 6 generates an induced current, which is also transmitted to the power management module. Through the synergistic effect of the piezoelectric and electromagnetic conversion methods, the frequency range of wind energy harvesting is greatly widened, improving the efficiency of wind energy utilization.

[0079] Raindrop energy collection and conversion process: When it rains, raindrops fall from the sky and impact the water surface of the spoon structure 3 of the rain power generation unit. Due to the buffering effect of the water layer, the kinetic energy of the raindrops is evenly transferred to the cantilever beam 1 through the water layer, avoiding splash loss from direct impact on the dry surface. Under the impact force, the cantilever beam 1 bends and vibrates, causing the PVDF film (i.e., the piezoelectric material layer 2) on the surface to deform. The PVDF film generates charges due to the piezoelectric effect, which are transmitted to the power management module through wires. The initial water storage design of the spoon structure 3 ensures the efficient transfer of raindrop energy.

[0080] Power Management Process: The electrical energy output from both the wind power generation unit and the rain power generation unit is alternating current (0-5V output voltage for piezoelectric components, 0-3V output voltage for electromagnetic components, and 0-4V output voltage for PVDF film). This first enters the rectifier circuit of the power management module, converting it to direct current (DC). The rectified DC power is then filtered by a capacitor before being sent to the energy storage unit. When the voltage is higher than 3.3V, the supercapacitor is charged first. After the supercapacitor is fully charged, the lithium battery is charged through a voltage regulator circuit. The control chip monitors the voltage and output current of the energy storage unit in real time. When an external load (such as a street light controller) requires power, the energy storage unit outputs DC power, which is then stabilized to 3.3V by the voltage regulator circuit before being output. When the energy storage unit voltage is lower than 3.3V, the control chip activates a low-power mode, maintaining only essential circuitry while waiting for energy input.

[0081] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Wide energy harvesting range and adaptability to various environments: This device integrates the harvesting functions of both wind and rain energy, overcoming the limitations of single-energy power generation devices that are restricted by weather conditions. On sunny, windy days, the wind power generation unit operates independently. On rainy days, the rain power generation unit operates independently. In stormy weather, both units work together to maximize the utilization of natural energy, providing continuous power to outdoor equipment under diverse climatic conditions.

[0082] 2. High energy conversion efficiency: (1) The wind power generation unit adopts a piezoelectric-electromagnetic hybrid design. Utilizing the principle of vortex-induced vibration, the vortex shedding frequency resonates with the natural frequency by optimizing the size of the bluff body structure, thereby enhancing the vibration amplitude. At the same time, the piezoelectric and electromagnetic conversion methods work together to broaden the frequency range of energy harvesting.

[0083] (2) The rain shower power generation unit innovatively adopts a water-filled spoon structure 3, which transfers raindrop energy through the water layer, reduces splash loss, and solves the problem of low efficiency of traditional rain shower power generation devices.

[0084] 3. Compact structure and easy installation: The device adopts a layered layout, integrating wind power and rain power generation units onto the same cantilever beam 1, resulting in a small overall size and light weight (total weight ≤10kg). With the help of adapter components, it can be quickly installed on carriers such as solar street lights and outdoor monitoring brackets. The installation process requires no complicated tools and can be completed by a single person, reducing installation and maintenance costs.

[0085] 4. Stable power output and good adaptability: The power management module adopts a combination of supercapacitors and lithium batteries for energy storage. Combined with a voltage regulator circuit and intelligent control chip, it can stabilize the output voltage at 3.3V, meeting the power supply needs of most outdoor low-power devices (such as IoT sensors, street light controllers, and field monitoring terminals). Simultaneously, the intelligent regulation function of the control chip enables automated management of charging and discharging, preventing damage to the energy storage unit from overcharging and over-discharging, and improving the stability and reliability of power utilization.

[0086] This invention allows for adjustments to the device's size, parameters, and compatible components based on the specific application scenarios (such as solar streetlights, field monitoring terminals, and IoT sensor nodes), while maintaining the core structure (energy harvesting device, energy conversion device, and power management module) and working principle. The following points should be noted during implementation: 1. The determination of the dimensions of the bluff body structure 4 needs to be combined with the prevailing wind speed in the target application area and verified by fluid dynamics calculation and finite element analysis to ensure that the vortex shedding frequency resonates with the natural frequency. 2. The initial water storage capacity of the spoon structure 3 needs to be adjusted according to the local rainfall and raindrop diameter to ensure optimal energy transfer efficiency; 3. When installing the device, the angle needs to be adjusted according to the local prevailing wind direction and rainfall direction to ensure the collection effect of wind energy and raindrop energy; 4. The energy storage unit capacity of the power management module needs to be matched according to the load power consumption and energy input to achieve continuous and stable power supply; Furthermore, to enhance the adaptability and service life of the device in outdoor environments, a protective component is also included, which consists of a housing and a waterproof seal. As one of many implementation methods, the outer shell is made of ABS engineering plastic with a frosted surface to enhance its UV resistance. The shell fully encloses and protects the wind power generation unit and the power management module, with ventilation openings only on both sides of the blunt body structure 4 to ensure that airflow can pass through the blunt body structure 4 and induce vortex-induced vibration. The spoon-shaped structure 3 of the rain-generating unit is not enclosed by the outer shell to ensure that raindrops can directly impact it.

[0087] As one of many implementation methods, a nitrile rubber waterproof seal (Shore hardness 70±5) is installed at the interface of the power management module. The waterproof seal adopts a grooved structure, fits tightly with the connection part, and achieves a waterproof rating of IP65, which can effectively prevent rainwater from seeping into the device and causing a short circuit. In addition, waterproof adhesive (model 704 silicone rubber) can be applied to the weld between the spoon structure 3 and the cantilever beam 1 to further enhance the waterproof effect.

[0088] Furthermore, the energy conversion device is a radiation energy conversion device, used to convert radiation energy into electrical energy; The energy harvesting device is an absorption module used to absorb radiant energy.

[0089] As one of many implementation methods, the radiation energy conversion device and absorption module can be composed of a photovoltaic panel structure, which can be attached to the outer casing, thereby further expanding the energy collection range.

[0090] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0091] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0092] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. Other modifications can be easily made by those skilled in the art. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A wind-rain hybrid power generation device, characterized in that, include: Energy harvesting devices are used to collect wind energy and raindrop energy that can be converted into electrical energy; An energy conversion device, connected to an energy harvesting device, is used to convert wind energy and raindrop energy collected by the energy harvesting device into electrical energy; The power management module is electrically connected to the energy conversion device and is used to rectify and store the electrical energy converted by the energy conversion device and supply power to the load.

2. The wind-rain hybrid power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy conversion device is a deformation energy conversion device, used to convert the energy generated by deformation into electrical energy; The energy harvesting device is a vibration module used to cause deformation of the deformation energy conversion device.

3. The wind-rain hybrid power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The deformation energy conversion device consists of a cantilever beam (1) and a piezoelectric material layer (2). The vibration module is disposed at one end of the cantilever beam (1). The cantilever beam (1) has stiffness and elasticity. The piezoelectric material layer (2) is disposed on the surface of the cantilever beam (1). The cantilever beam (1) and the vibration module form a cantilever vibration structure. The cantilever beam (1) is used to cause the piezoelectric material layer (2) to deform.

4. The wind-rain hybrid power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vibration module includes a spoon-shaped structure (3) disposed at one end of the deformation energy conversion device for forming a stable water layer.

5. The wind-rain hybrid power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vibration module includes a blunt body structure (4) disposed at one end of the deformation energy conversion device for inducing vortex-induced vibration.

6. The wind-rain hybrid power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy conversion device is an electromagnetic energy conversion device, used to generate electrical energy through changes in magnetic field; The energy harvesting device is a vibration module used to change the magnetic flux of the electromagnetic energy conversion device.

7. The wind-rain hybrid power generation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The electromagnetic energy conversion device consists of a permanent magnet (5), a coil (6) and a coil frame (7). The coil (6) is wound around the coil frame (7). The permanent magnet (5) is connected to the vibration module through an elastic structure (8). The permanent magnet (5) is located at the central axis of the coil frame (7). The vibration module drives the permanent magnet (5) to reciprocate within the coil frame (7) through the elastic structure (8).

8. The wind-rain hybrid power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management module includes: A rectifier circuit is used to stabilize the input voltage; Energy storage units are used to store electrical energy and ensure stable output; A voltage regulator circuit is used to protect the energy storage unit and the load. The control chip is used to collect the voltage and output current of the energy storage unit in real time, and to regulate the charging and discharging process based on the collected data, as well as to realize intelligent regulation of power output.

9. The wind-rain hybrid power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a support base (9), one end of the energy conversion device is connected to the energy collection device, and the other end is connected to the support base (9).

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