Roadbed impact rolling track traceability monitoring method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of road engineering construction, in particular to a roadbed impact rolling track traceability monitoring method which comprises the following steps: S1, mounting and debugging a track traceability device; s2, aerial photography of a construction area and manufacturing of an aerial photography picture; s3, generating and importing an aerial photography map; s4, impact rolling is monitored in real time; and S5, impact rolling data checking is carried out. Aiming at the problems of high manual staring and control cost, difficulty in real-time monitoring of the speed and no effective tracing means for the track and the number of times in the impact rolling construction, the method provided by the invention can realize real-time monitoring and display of the impact rolling speed, the track, the area and the number of times on a mobile terminal without field staring and control of technicians, ensures that the rolling speed and the number of times reach the standard, and improves the construction efficiency. And the construction efficiency and the roadbed quality control level are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of road engineering construction, and in particular to a method for tracing and monitoring the impact trajectory of roadbeds. Background Technology

[0002] In subgrade construction, impact compaction is a crucial process for improving the overall strength of the subgrade and reducing subsequent settlement. This is especially true in high-fill subgrade projects, where strict control over the number of compaction passes, compaction duration, and compaction speed is essential. However, current construction methods suffer from several significant technical deficiencies: First, relying on manual visual inspection or driver-captured speed monitoring on the dashboard lacks real-time accuracy, making it susceptible to substandard speed affecting compaction quality. Second, impact compaction involves large areas and is time-consuming, requiring technicians to monitor the entire process on-site, resulting in high labor costs and low efficiency. Third, the lack of effective trajectory tracking methods makes it difficult to accurately record the compaction path and number of passes, hindering direct verification of full cross-section coverage and potentially leading to subgrade quality issues due to management loopholes.

[0003] While there is some research on roller monitoring systems at present, most of them are aimed at conventional compaction scenarios and are not adapted to the strong vibration environment and high-precision trajectory and pass traceability requirements of impact compaction. Therefore, they are difficult to directly apply to the quality control of impact compaction of high embankment subgrades. Thus, there is an urgent need to propose a monitoring method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings in existing technologies, and considering the high cost of manual monitoring, difficulty in real-time speed monitoring, and lack of effective traceability methods for trajectory and number of passes in impact compaction construction, this invention proposes a method for trajectory traceability monitoring of roadbed impact compaction. This method enables real-time monitoring and display of impact compaction speed, trajectory, area, and number of passes on a mobile device without the need for on-site technician monitoring, ensuring that compaction speed and number of passes meet standards and improving construction efficiency and roadbed quality control. This invention provides a method for trajectory traceability monitoring of roadbed impact compaction, the improvement of which lies in that the monitoring method includes: Step S1, installation and debugging of the trajectory tracing device; the trajectory tracing device includes: a trajectory tracing and positioning module; a mobile terminal monitoring module; an aerial image production module; an aerial map generation module; the trajectory tracing and positioning module includes a speed filtering program; Step S2, aerial photography and aerial map production of the construction area, including: Step S201: Generate an automatic flight route within the construction area designated by the UAV, complete full-area aerial photography, and acquire aerial photos; Step S202: Import the aerial photos into the aerial image creation module, perform initialization processing, and generate a quality report; if the aerial photos are of acceptable quality, generate an aerial image; if the aerial photos are of unacceptable quality, retake the aerial photos. Step S3, aerial map generation and import, includes: Step S301: Open the aerial map generation module, import the aerial image and generate a low-level image; Step S302: Match the low-level image with the coordinate system of the construction area to generate an aerial map, and import the aerial map into the mobile terminal monitoring module; Step S4, Real-time monitoring of impact compaction, including: Step S401: Start the impact roller. The trajectory tracing and positioning module begins to collect speed and location data. The mobile terminal monitoring module displays the trajectory and real-time speed of the impact roller on the aerial map in real time. In step S402, if the speed is below 15km / h, the trajectory tracing and positioning module does not record the trajectory and time; if the speed exceeds the preset threshold, the mobile terminal monitoring module triggers an overspeed alarm. Step S5, impact compaction data verification, including: Step S501: After the impact compaction operation is completed, the historical trajectory is viewed through the mobile terminal monitoring module to count the number of impact compaction passes; Step S502: Compare the impact crushing area displayed by the mobile terminal monitoring module with the actual RTK measured area to verify the coverage integrity and complete the quality traceability.

[0005] Preferably, step S1 includes: Step S101: Fix the trajectory tracing and positioning module in a stable position on the impact roller; Step S102, establish the connection between the mobile terminal monitoring module and the trajectory tracing and positioning module, including: debugging the trajectory tracing and positioning module to real-time positioning mode, and confirming that the mobile terminal monitoring module can receive speed and location data.

[0006] Preferably, the trajectory tracing and positioning module is installed on the top of the impact roller cab and fixed to the roller body by bolts.

[0007] Preferably, step S202 includes: generating point clouds and three-dimensional mesh textures from qualified aerial photographs, constructing digital surface models and orthophotos, and finally exporting the orthophotos as aerial images.

[0008] Preferably, step S202 further includes generating a quality report, including: Step S202.1: Quantitatively determine the sharpness of the aerial photograph: Calculate the sharpness score by the pixel gradient change rate. If the sharpness score is lower than the threshold, it is marked as unqualified. Step S202.2: Detect the coverage and overlap of the aerial photographs, and calculate the forward overlap rate and lateral overlap rate based on the GPS information included in the aerial photographs; the forward overlap rate must be ≥75% and the lateral overlap rate must be ≥60%; a prompt will appear if the overlap rate is insufficient. Step S202.3: Perform a basic check on the exposure parameters and determine whether they are normal by measuring the average brightness range of the pixels.

[0009] Preferably, step S302, matching the low-level image with the coordinate system of the construction area, includes: Step S302.1: Obtain the georeferenced information of the aerial photograph; automatically read the georeferenced information that comes with the aerial photograph. Step S302.2: Select control points in the construction area, mark the image points corresponding to the control points on the aerial photograph, and establish the initial correspondence between the image points and the control points; Step S302.3: Input coordinate system parameters and complete registration; automatically calculate the translation, rotation angle and scale factor of the image based on the correspondence between control points to match the coordinate system of the aerial photograph with that of the construction area; Step S302.4: Generate and export the aerial map.

[0010] Preferably, step S302 further includes: the mobile terminal monitoring module marking the boundary line of the impact compaction construction area.

[0011] Preferably, step S202 further includes optimizing the processing parameters of the aerial image production module, including: Adjust feature point density: Change the feature point density from high density mode to medium density to reduce the computational cost of feature point extraction and matching; Reduce point cloud reconstruction accuracy: During the point cloud generation stage, switch from high-precision point cloud mode to standard accuracy for point cloud reconstruction; Simplify 3D texture generation settings; and select medium-resolution orthophoto output: Select medium-resolution TIF output parameters during the orthophoto export stage.

[0012] Preferably, step S502 involves comparing the impact crush area displayed by the mobile terminal monitoring module with the RTK measured area, including: Step S502.1: The mobile terminal monitoring module automatically generates the compaction coverage area and calculates the corresponding area based on the valid trajectory recorded by the trajectory tracing and positioning module, thus obtaining the impact compaction area; Step S502.2: Use RTK to collect cross-sectional points at intervals of no less than 1 second along the roadbed boundary at the construction site, calculate the actual roadbed coverage area based on the coordinates of the measured points, and obtain the RTK measured area. Step S502.3: Calculate and compare the area difference between the impact compaction area and the RTK measured area. If the area difference is within the allowable error range, the impact compaction coverage is deemed complete. If the difference exceeds the limit, the uncovered area needs to be checked and the compaction operation needs to be repeated.

[0013] Preferably, the mobile terminal monitoring module also includes an overspeed alarm function; when the mobile terminal monitoring module detects that the real-time speed of the impact roller exceeds a preset threshold of 20km / h, an alarm is automatically triggered.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention achieves real-time monitoring and visualization of speed and trajectory during impact compaction by installing a customized trajectory tracking device on an impact roller and using mobile terminal positioning software. This eliminates the need for continuous on-site monitoring by technical personnel, reducing manpower requirements. Simultaneously, combining drone aerial photography with high-precision aerial maps generated by professional mapping software allows for intuitive verification of the impact compaction coverage and number of passes, ensuring the quality of roadbed construction. Furthermore, the device features a targeted stability design to adapt to the strong vibration environment of impact compaction, ensuring the reliability of monitoring data. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the roadbed impact compaction trajectory tracing and monitoring method involved in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To better understand this invention, the following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, will further illustrate the invention.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, this application relates to a method for tracing and monitoring the impact compaction trajectory of roadbeds, the improvement of which is that the monitoring method includes: Step S1, installation and debugging of the trajectory tracing device; the trajectory tracing device includes: a trajectory tracing and positioning module; a mobile terminal monitoring module; an aerial image production module; an aerial map generation module; the trajectory tracing and positioning module includes a speed filtering program.

[0018] Step S1 includes: Step S101: The trajectory tracing and positioning module is fixedly installed in a stable position on the impact roller. Specifically, the trajectory tracing and positioning module is installed in a stable position on the top of the impact roller cab and fixed to the roller body with bolts to prevent the device from shifting due to vibration during operation, which would affect the accuracy of data acquisition.

[0019] Step S102 establishes a connection between the mobile terminal monitoring module and the trajectory tracing and positioning module, including: debugging the trajectory tracing and positioning module to real-time positioning mode, and confirming that the mobile terminal monitoring module can receive speed and location data. Specifically, open the cloud-based positioning software used by the mobile terminal monitoring module, enter the unique hardware identification number (IMEI number) of the trajectory tracing and positioning module, establish a connection between the positioning software and the trajectory tracing and positioning module, debug the trajectory tracing and positioning module to real-time positioning mode, and confirm that the positioning software can normally receive speed and location data.

[0020] In a specific embodiment of this application, the cloud-based positioning software used in the mobile terminal monitoring module is free and cost-effective. A connection is established by inputting the unique IMEI number of the trajectory tracing and positioning module. After connection, the software interface displays the real-time location, speed, and historical trajectory of the impact roller. The speed data shows minimal deviation from the data displayed on the impact roller's dashboard, meeting monitoring accuracy requirements. The mobile terminal monitoring module also features an overspeed alarm function, allowing for the preset speed threshold (typically set to 20 km / h). When the monitored real-time speed exceeds the threshold, an audible and pop-up alarm is automatically triggered, alerting management personnel to intervene promptly. Furthermore, the mobile terminal monitoring module supports data storage, automatically storing speed, trajectory, and duration data during the impact compaction process for at least 30 days, facilitating subsequent quality traceability and data verification. It also supports data exchange between mobile and PC terminals, allowing management personnel to view monitoring data anytime, anywhere.

[0021] Preferably, the trajectory tracing and positioning module is a prefabricated device installed on the impact roller. It is used to collect the position, speed, and trajectory data of the impact roller in real time and send data signals outward. The trajectory tracing and positioning module has a positioning accuracy of 1 meter, a positioning frequency of 0.1 Hz, and a continuous working endurance of no less than 20 hours. It also has a built-in speed filtering program that automatically blocks data recording for the period when the impact compaction speed is detected to be below 15 km / h, and does not record the trajectory and time of movement during that period, ensuring that the monitoring data only reflects the effective impact compaction process.

[0022] Preferably, the trajectory tracing and positioning module further includes a protective shell made of a higher-strength, vibration-resistant material, which is fitted over the outside of the trajectory tracing and positioning module to enhance the protection of the device. This is used to mitigate the impact of vibrations from the operation of the impact roller on the trajectory tracing device and ensure the stability of data acquisition.

[0023] Preferably, the trajectory tracing and positioning module also includes a remote switch function, allowing remote control of the module's power-on, power-off, and standby states via the mobile terminal monitoring module, reducing on-site operation steps. Specifically, the trajectory tracing and positioning module also includes a cloud server. After receiving a power command (such as a power-on command) from the mobile terminal monitoring module, the cloud server sends the power command to the trajectory tracing and positioning module, which then executes the power command. After execution, the trajectory tracing and positioning module sends feedback of the executed power command to the cloud server, which then synchronizes the feedback to the mobile terminal monitoring module, allowing the user to see the executed power command notification.

[0024] Step S2, aerial photography and aerial map production of the construction area, including: Step S201 involves generating an automatic flight path within the designated construction area using the drone and completing full-area aerial photography to acquire aerial images. Specifically, the drone has a built-in flight path planning function. After the impact compaction construction area is defined on the drone control device, the drone automatically generates a flight path covering the entire area, ensuring that the aerial images are complete and without overlap or redundancy. Simultaneously, the drone control device allows for full-area aerial photography to acquire aerial images.

[0025] Preferably, higher precision drones are selected to further improve the resolution of aerial photos.

[0026] Step S202: Import the aerial photos into the aerial image creation module, perform initialization processing, and generate a quality report; if the aerial photos are of acceptable quality, generate an aerial image; if the aerial photos are of unacceptable quality, retake the aerial photos.

[0027] Preferably, step S202 further includes generating a quality report; and evaluating the sharpness and coverage integrity of the aerial photographs through the quality report.

[0028] Specifically, the aerial image creation module uses PIX4Dmapper software. After aerial photography is completed, the photos are imported into PIX4Dmapper for processing. The software requires a CPU with the latest i5 or R5 or higher, 4 or 6 cores or higher, a dedicated graphics card with 2GB or 4GB of RAM, 16GB or more of RAM, a solid-state drive with 512GB or more of SSD, and a screen size of 15.6 inches or larger. The processing first initializes the aerial photos and generates a quality report. The quality report evaluates the photo's sharpness and coverage integrity. If the photos do not meet the requirements for orthophoto generation, a reshoot is prompted. Once the requirements are met, point clouds and 3D mesh textures are generated. Then, a digital surface model (DSM) and orthophotos are constructed. Finally, the orthophotos are exported as TIF format aerial images. The entire process takes about 3 hours and can efficiently complete the aerial image creation.

[0029] Preferably, by optimizing the processing parameters of the PIX4Dmapper software, the time for aerial image production can be shortened and the overall monitoring efficiency can be improved.

[0030] Among them, optimizing the processing parameters of the PIX4Dmapper software includes: 1. Adjust feature point density: In the initial processing stage, adjust the feature point density from the default high density mode to medium density to reduce the computational load of feature point extraction and matching, and shorten the initial modeling time.

[0031] 2. Reduce point cloud reconstruction accuracy: Turn off the high-precision point cloud mode during the point cloud generation stage and use standard-precision point cloud reconstruction to reduce the amount of point cloud computing and improve the generation speed.

[0032] 3. Simplify 3D texture generation settings: Turn off high-resolution texture output during the 3D mesh and texture generation stages, and use the software's recommended automatic texture mode to reduce texture mapping calculation time.

[0033] 4. Select medium-resolution orthophoto output: Select medium-resolution (e.g., 5-10cm level) TIF output parameters during the orthophoto export stage to shorten the image synthesis and export time while meeting the construction monitoring requirements.

[0034] The quality report assessment involved in step S202 includes: Step S202.1: Quantitatively determine the sharpness of the aerial photograph. After reading a single image, PIX4Dmapper automatically calculates the average grayscale difference between adjacent pixels in the image and normalizes this value to a score of 0 to 1. The sharpness score is calculated based on the pixel gradient change rate (generally required to be ≥0.5). If the sharpness score is lower than the threshold, it is marked as unqualified.

[0035] Step S202.2: Detect the coverage and overlap of aerial photographs. Automatically calculate the coverage area of ​​two adjacent photographs using the GPS information (shooting position + heading angle) provided in the photographs. Calculate the forward overlap rate and lateral overlap rate based on the photograph GPS information, requiring a forward overlap ≥75% and a lateral overlap ≥60%. Any deficiencies will be indicated graphically in the quality report.

[0036] Step S202.3: Perform a basic check on the exposure parameters, judging whether they are normal by the average pixel brightness range (required to be between 80 and 180). If the average brightness is too high or too low, it will be marked as an exposure error, and the photo needs to be taken again.

[0037] The requirements for generating orthophotos include: Aerial photographs must meet image modeling standards in terms of sharpness, overlap, and exposure parameters. Regarding sharpness, the PIX4Dmapper software calculates a sharpness score based on the pixel gradient change rate, requiring a score of at least 0.5. For overlap, the forward and lateral overlap rates of adjacent photographs are calculated based on the photograph's GPS coordinates and shooting parameters, with a forward overlap of at least 75% and a lateral overlap of at least 60%. Regarding exposure, the average brightness of the photograph's pixels is statistically analyzed, requiring brightness values ​​to be within the range of 80–180. Only photographs meeting these quality indicators can proceed to the point cloud generation, digital terrain model construction, and orthophoto stitching processes.

[0038] Step S3, aerial map generation and import, includes: Step S301: Open the aerial map generation module, import the aerial image, and generate a low-level image.

[0039] Step S302: Match the low-level image with the coordinate system of the construction area to generate an aerial map, and import the aerial map into the mobile terminal monitoring module.

[0040] Preferably, step S302 further includes: the mobile terminal monitoring module marking the boundary line of the impact compaction construction area. Specifically, displaying the boundary range on the aerial map interface of the mobile terminal monitoring module can help determine whether the impact roller covers the entire cross-section of the roadbed.

[0041] Preferably, the aerial map data on the mobile terminal is interconnected with the aerial map data on the PC terminal. After the aerial map is completed on the PC terminal, it can be synchronized to the mobile terminal monitoring module, making it convenient for managers to view the monitoring data anytime and anywhere.

[0042] Specifically, the process of generating and importing aerial maps includes: opening the Aowei Interactive Map software used for the aerial map generation module, adding a new map in the custom map management, importing TIF format aerial images and generating low-level images, matching the coordinate systems of the aerial images and the construction area, generating an aerial map, and importing the aerial map into the Yunbilin positioning software.

[0043] In a specific embodiment of this application, the map generation and import module uses the Aowei Interactive Map software, which supports custom map management. It imports TIF format aerial photographs generated by PIX4Dmapper software via the "Add New Map" function. After import, a low-level image is generated, and after matching the coordinate system of the construction area (usually the CGCS2000 coordinate system), an aerial map is generated. This map can be directly imported into the Yunbilin positioning software to achieve visual monitoring of the impact compaction process, allowing managers to intuitively see whether the impact roller covers the entire roadbed cross-section. Simultaneously, the Aowei Interactive Map software has low configuration requirements and supports data exchange between mobile and PC terminals. After the aerial map is created on the PC, it can be synchronized to the mobile terminal, ensuring that the mobile terminal monitoring module can access the aerial map at any time.

[0044] Among them, matching the coordinate system of the construction area in step S302 includes: S302.1, Obtain Georeferenced Information from Aerial Imagery. After importing a TIF format aerial imagery output by PIX4Dmapper into the AVC Interactive Map software, the georeferenced information inherent in the aerial imagery is automatically read.

[0045] S302.2, Select control points for the construction area. Select no fewer than three control points with known coordinates within the construction area, and mark the corresponding image points on the aerial photograph to establish the initial correspondence between the image points and the control points.

[0046] S302.3 Input coordinate system parameters and complete registration. Input the actual coordinates of the control points into the CGCS2000 coordinate system. Based on the correspondence between the control points, the translation, rotation angle, and scale factor of the image are automatically calculated to ensure accurate alignment between the aerial photograph and the coordinate system of the construction area.

[0047] S302.4 Generate and export aerial maps. After coordinate matching is completed, an aerial map with a coordinate system consistent with the construction area is generated and exported as a map file that can be imported into mobile terminal positioning software for subsequent visualization and monitoring of impact compaction trajectories.

[0048] Step S4, Real-time monitoring of impact compaction, including: Step S401: Start the impact roller. The trajectory tracing and positioning module begins collecting speed and location data. The mobile terminal monitoring module displays the impact roller's trajectory and real-time speed on the aerial map in real time. Specifically, in step S402: if the speed is below 15 km / h, the trajectory tracing and positioning module does not record the trajectory and time; if the speed exceeds a preset threshold, the mobile terminal monitoring module triggers an overspeed alarm.

[0049] Specifically, when the impact roller is in operation, the trajectory tracing and positioning module collects speed and location data in real time, and the mobile terminal monitoring module displays the trajectory and real-time speed of the impact roller on the aerial map. If the speed is lower than 15km / h, the trajectory tracing and positioning module will block the data recording for that period and will not record the movement trajectory and movement time for that period.

[0050] Preferably, the mobile terminal monitoring module also includes an overspeed alarm function. When the mobile terminal monitoring module detects that the real-time speed of the impact roller exceeds a preset threshold (such as 20km / h), it will automatically trigger an alarm to remind the management personnel to intervene in a timely manner.

[0051] Step S5, impact compaction data verification, including: Step S501: After the impact compaction operation is completed, the historical trajectory is viewed through the mobile terminal monitoring module to count the number of impact compaction passes; Step S502: Compare the impact crushing area displayed by the mobile terminal monitoring module with the actual RTK measured area to verify the coverage integrity and complete the quality traceability.

[0052] RTK measured area refers to a measurement method that uses RTK (Real-Time Kinematic Differential) technology to collect the boundary coordinates of a target area and then automatically calculates the actual area of ​​that area using a specialized algorithm. Specifically, it utilizes high-precision satellite positioning equipment with RTK technology to continuously move and observe along the boundary of the target plot or site. The equipment automatically collects and records complete boundary trajectory coordinate data, and then uses a built-in specialized algorithm to calculate the actual area of ​​the region. Its core technological logic is the organic combination of real-time high-precision positioning, accurate boundary trajectory acquisition, and automatic area calculation.

[0053] When comparing the impact compaction area displayed by the mobile terminal monitoring module with the RTK measured area, the process includes step S502.1: First, the mobile terminal monitoring module automatically generates the compaction coverage area based on the valid trajectory recorded by the trajectory tracing and positioning module, and calculates its corresponding area. Step S502.2: Subsequently, RTK is used to collect cross-sectional points at intervals of no less than 1 second along the roadbed boundary at the construction site, and the actual roadbed coverage area is calculated based on the coordinates of the measured points. Step S502.3: The area difference between the two is compared. When the difference is within the allowable error range (e.g., no more than 3%), the impact compaction coverage is considered complete; if the difference exceeds the limit, the uncovered area needs to be checked and re-compacted.

[0054] Specifically, the final step is to verify the impact compaction data. After the impact compaction operation is completed, the historical trajectory is viewed through the mobile terminal monitoring module to count the number of impact compaction passes, ensuring that the design requirement of 20 passes is met. Simultaneously, the impact compaction area displayed by the mobile terminal monitoring module is compared with the actual RTK measured area to verify that there is a small deviation between the two areas, checking the coverage integrity and verifying the accuracy of the device's monitoring, thus completing quality traceability.

[0055] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0056] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0057] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0058] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0059] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of the claims of the present invention pending approval.

Claims

1. A method for tracing and monitoring the trajectory of roadbed impact compaction, characterized in that, The monitoring method includes: Step S1, installation and debugging of the trajectory tracing device; the trajectory tracing device includes: a trajectory tracing and positioning module; a mobile terminal monitoring module; an aerial image production module; an aerial map generation module; the trajectory tracing and positioning module includes a speed filtering program; Step S2, aerial photography and aerial map production of the construction area, including: Step S201: Generate an automatic flight route within the construction area designated by the UAV, complete full-area aerial photography, and acquire aerial photos; Step S202: Import the aerial photos into the aerial image creation module, perform initialization processing, and generate a quality report; if the aerial photos are of acceptable quality, generate an aerial image; if the aerial photos are of unacceptable quality, retake the aerial photos. Step S3, aerial map generation and import, includes: Step S301: Open the aerial map generation module, import the aerial image and generate a low-level image; Step S302: Match the low-level image with the coordinate system of the construction area to generate an aerial map, and import the aerial map into the mobile terminal monitoring module; Step S4, Real-time monitoring of impact compaction, including: Step S401: Start the impact roller. The trajectory tracing and positioning module begins to collect speed and location data. The mobile terminal monitoring module displays the trajectory and real-time speed of the impact roller on the aerial map in real time. In step S402, if the speed is below 15km / h, the trajectory tracing and positioning module does not record the trajectory and time; if the speed exceeds the preset threshold, the mobile terminal monitoring module triggers an overspeed alarm. Step S5, impact compaction data verification, including: Step S501: After the impact compaction operation is completed, the historical trajectory is viewed through the mobile terminal monitoring module to count the number of impact compaction passes; Step S502: Compare the impact crushing area displayed by the mobile terminal monitoring module with the actual RTK measured area to verify the coverage integrity and complete the quality traceability.

2. The method for tracing and monitoring the impact compaction trajectory of roadbed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: Step S101: Fix the trajectory tracing and positioning module in a stable position on the impact roller; Step S102, establish the connection between the mobile terminal monitoring module and the trajectory tracing and positioning module, including: debugging the trajectory tracing and positioning module to real-time positioning mode, and confirming that the mobile terminal monitoring module can receive speed and location data.

3. The method for tracing and monitoring the impact compaction trajectory of roadbed as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The trajectory tracing and positioning module is installed on the top of the impact roller cab and fixed to the roller body with bolts.

4. The method for tracing and monitoring the impact compaction trajectory of roadbed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S202 includes: generating point clouds and 3D mesh textures from qualified aerial photographs, constructing digital surface models and orthophotos, and finally exporting the orthophotos as aerial images.

5. The method for tracing and monitoring the impact compaction trajectory of roadbed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S202 also includes generating a quality report, including: Step S202.1: Quantitatively determine the sharpness of the aerial photograph: Calculate the sharpness score by the pixel gradient change rate. If the sharpness score is lower than the threshold, it is marked as unqualified. Step S202.2: Detect the coverage and overlap of the aerial photographs, and calculate the forward overlap rate and lateral overlap rate based on the GPS information included in the aerial photographs; the forward overlap rate must be ≥75% and the lateral overlap rate must be ≥60%; a prompt will appear if the overlap rate is insufficient. Step S202.3: Perform a basic check on the exposure parameters and determine whether they are normal by measuring the average brightness range of the pixels.

6. The method for tracing and monitoring the impact compaction trajectory of roadbed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S302 matches the low-level image with the coordinate system of the construction area, including: Step S302.1: Obtain the georeferenced information of the aerial photograph; automatically read the georeferenced information that comes with the aerial photograph. Step S302.2: Select control points in the construction area, mark the image points corresponding to the control points on the aerial photograph, and establish the initial correspondence between the image points and the control points; Step S302.3: Input coordinate system parameters and complete registration; automatically calculate the translation, rotation angle and scale factor of the image based on the correspondence between control points to match the coordinate system of the aerial photograph with that of the construction area; Step S302.4: Generate and export the aerial map.

7. The method for tracing and monitoring the impact compaction trajectory of roadbed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S302 also includes: the mobile terminal monitoring module marking the boundary line of the impact compaction construction area.

8. The method for tracing and monitoring the impact compaction trajectory of roadbed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S202 also includes optimizing the processing parameters of the aerial image production module, including: Adjust feature point density: Change the feature point density from high density mode to medium density to reduce the computational cost of feature point extraction and matching; Reduce point cloud reconstruction accuracy: During the point cloud generation stage, switch from high-precision point cloud mode to standard accuracy for point cloud reconstruction; Simplify 3D texture generation settings; and select medium-resolution orthophoto output: Select medium-resolution TIF output parameters during the orthophoto export stage.

9. The method for tracing and monitoring the impact compaction trajectory of roadbed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S502, compare the impact crush area displayed by the mobile terminal monitoring module with the RTK measured area, including: Step S502.1: The mobile terminal monitoring module automatically generates the compaction coverage area and calculates the corresponding area based on the valid trajectory recorded by the trajectory tracing and positioning module, thus obtaining the impact compaction area; Step S502.2: Use RTK to collect cross-sectional points at intervals of no less than 1 second along the roadbed boundary at the construction site, calculate the actual roadbed coverage area based on the coordinates of the measured points, and obtain the RTK measured area. Step S502.3: Calculate and compare the area difference between the impact compaction area and the RTK measured area. If the area difference is within the allowable error range, the impact compaction coverage is deemed complete. If the difference exceeds the limit, the uncovered area needs to be checked and the compaction operation needs to be repeated.

10. The method for tracing and monitoring the impact compaction trajectory of roadbed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile terminal monitoring module also includes an overspeed alarm function; when the mobile terminal monitoring module detects that the real-time speed of the impact roller exceeds the preset threshold of 20km / h, an alarm will be automatically triggered.

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