Light anchor rod cable component matching test device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a light anchor rod cable component matching test device and method, the device comprises a fixed base, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a rock cushion block are arranged on the fixed base, a stretching load is applied to an anchor rod or an anchor cable through stretching out of a telescopic rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder, then the stretching load is indirectly applied to a component of the anchor rod or the anchor cable, and after a preset load condition is met, the rock cushion block is fixed; and the deformation, abrasion and cracking conditions of the anchor rod body or the cable rod and the components thereof are checked, the matching performance of the anchor rod body or the cable rod and the components thereof is analyzed, and the matching performance is judged. By testing the stress state, displacement deformation, field strain and the like of anchor rods and anchor cable rods of different specifications and components of different specifications, the matching performance of the anchor rods, the anchor cables and the components is tested, the testing efficiency is improved by utilizing the light weight and the disassembly and assembly convenience of the experimental structure, and the testing cost is reduced. An effective technical means for evaluating the supporting strength matching performance through anchor rod cable and component deformation information is formed, a scientific basis is provided for selecting reasonable supporting rod bodies and components for a high-stress soft broken surrounding rock roadway, and the roadway supporting effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a lightweight anchor cable component matching test device and method, belonging to the field of mine roadway support safety technology. Background Technology

[0002] Anchor bolt support is the most common and important support method for coal mine roadways in my country. With the continuous increase in mining depth and intensity, the mining conditions deteriorate and the geological conditions become more complex, resulting in increasingly higher stress in the surrounding rock of the roadways and greater difficulty in roadway support. In particular, the support effect is greatly affected when facing roadways with soft and fractured surrounding rock or high-stress roadways, leading to large roadway deformation, damage to support components, and serious impact on safe production in coal mines.

[0003] The compatibility between the anchor bolt and its components is a key factor affecting support capacity, directly determining the stability and safety of the support structure. Currently, advancements in processing technology and material properties have effectively improved the strength of anchor bolts, but this has also placed higher demands on the compatibility of support components. Existing technologies focus more on improving the strength of the anchor bolt itself, often neglecting the strength and performance of the components. In such cases, unreasonable or mismatched components can lead to component failure, severely impacting the effectiveness of anchor bolt support. Even the few devices available for testing component compatibility are difficult to widely apply due to their large size, heavy weight, and inability to handle components of various specifications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a lightweight anchor cable component matching test device and method. This device and method can accurately detect the matching of anchor cable components, and are lightweight, compact in structure, capable of testing components of various specifications, easy to operate, and convenient for widespread application.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a lightweight anchor bolt / cable component matching test device, comprising a fixed base, on which a hydraulic cylinder and a rock pad are mounted. The hydraulic cylinder has a hollow channel I extending through a telescopic rod and a fixed part along its axial direction. The rock pad is placed on the side near the fixed part of the hydraulic cylinder, and a hollow channel II extends through its interior from the side closest to the hydraulic cylinder to the side furthest from the hydraulic cylinder. The hollow channel I and hollow channel II are coaxially arranged. One end of the anchor bolt / cable passes through the hollow channel I and the hollow channel II in sequence, and is then fixedly connected to one end of the rock pad from near to far by a rigid pad, a tray, a spherical washer, and a nut / locking device. A through hole is provided on the rigid pad. The hydraulic cylinder telescopic rod is provided with a nut / lock II, an anchor cable force gauge, and a fixing washer in sequence from far to near the hydraulic cylinder fixing part. The anchor cable force gauge is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod through one end of the nut / lock II, and the other end of the nut / lock II is fixedly connected to the anchor rod / anchor cable. In its minimum stroke state, the hydraulic cylinder telescopic rod has a fixed connecting rod at the position where it protrudes from the hydraulic cylinder fixing part and is closest to the hydraulic cylinder fixing part. The top height of the fixed connecting rod is greater than the top height of the hydraulic cylinder fixing part. A displacement sensor is provided at the top of the hydraulic cylinder fixing part, and the displacement sensor is horizontally connected to the fixed connecting rod through a telescopic line. The hydraulic cylinder is provided with an inlet / outlet port, which is connected to one end of the oil circuit, and the other end of the oil circuit is connected to the computer system.

[0006] Furthermore, multiple longitudinally arranged hydraulic supports are provided between the hydraulic cylinder and the fixed base, and the hydraulic supports adjust the height and tilt angle of the hydraulic cylinder by telescopic adjustment.

[0007] Furthermore, the diameter of the through hole and the diameter of the fixing washer on the rigid plate are adaptively adjusted or replaced according to the diameter of the anchor rod / anchor cable.

[0008] Furthermore, a transparent protective cover is provided on the outside of the fixed base to prevent the anchor rod / anchor cable from suddenly breaking off and being ejected.

[0009] Furthermore, the height adjustment range of the hydraulic support is 0-100mm, and the adjustment accuracy is 1mm.

[0010] A method for testing the compatibility of lightweight anchor cable components includes the following steps: S1. Cut the anchor rod / anchor cable sample to the set length for testing; S2. Adjust the height of the hydraulic support so that the hollow channel 1 of the hydraulic cylinder, the hollow channel 2 of the rock pad, and the through hole of the rigid pad are coaxial. S3. After passing the anchor bolt / anchor cable sample through the anchor bolt / anchor cable dynamometer, the fixed washer, the hollow channel 1 of the telescopic cylinder, the hollow channel 2 of the rock pad, the through hole of the rigid pad, the tray, and the spherical washer in sequence, the two ends of the anchor bolt / anchor cable sample are tightened and fixed by nuts / locks. S4. The computer system executes a set program to control the load and loading rate of the hydraulic cylinder through the inlet / outlet oil port and oil circuit. The hydraulic cylinder telescopic rod moves outward to stretch the anchor rod / anchor cable sample. During the stretching process, the displacement sensor is used to test the telescopic displacement of the hydraulic cylinder, and the anchor rod / anchor cable force gauge is used to test the stress on the anchor rod or anchor cable. The deformation of the anchor rod / anchor cable, tray, spherical washer, nut / lock is monitored through the field strain testing device. S5. When the loading process reaches the preset load conditions, the computer system control program stops loading and checks whether there is yielding or fracture of the anchor rod or cable rod, as well as deformation, wear, or cracking of the tray, spherical washer, nut / lock. S6. Data analysis of the matching performance of anchor bolt / anchor cable samples and their components: If the displacement data shows that the deformation of the anchor bolt / anchor cable and its components is within the allowable range, the mechanical data shows that the contact stress is evenly distributed and there is no obvious damage to the appearance, then the matching performance of the anchor bolt or anchor cable and its components is judged to be good; if there is severe deformation of the components, contact stress concentration or yielding of the anchor bolt / anchor cable, then the matching performance is judged to be poor. S7. Replace with different anchor rods / anchor cables and tray components, and repeat steps S1 to S6 to perform matching tests on different rods and components.

[0011] This invention applies tensile loads to anchor bolts or cables by extending the telescopic rod of a hydraulic cylinder, thereby indirectly applying tensile loads to their components. Once the preset load conditions are reached, the deformation, wear, and cracking of the anchor bolt or cable and its components are inspected, and their matching performance is analyzed to determine the appropriate matching performance. This invention addresses the challenges of large deformation and difficult support in deep, high-stress, soft, and fractured rock roadways. By testing the stress state, displacement deformation, and field strain of anchor bolts and cables of different specifications with components such as trays, nuts / locks, and spherical washers of different specifications, a systematic testing of the matching performance of anchor bolts, cables, and components is conducted. The lightweight and easy-to-assemble / disassemble experimental structure improves testing efficiency, forming an effective technical means to evaluate the matching performance of support strength based on the deformation information of anchor bolts, cables, and components. This provides a scientific basis for selecting reasonable support rods and components for high-stress, soft, and fractured rock roadways, thereby improving roadway support effectiveness and having significant engineering application value for mine roadway deformation control and safe production. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the present invention. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the left-side view structure; Figure 3 This is the present invention. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the right-side view structure; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram showing the connection between the anchor bolt / anchor cable force gauge and the anchor bolt / anchor cable of the present invention.

[0013] In the diagram: 1. Fixed base, 2. Hydraulic cylinder, 3. Rock pad, 4. Hollow channel one, 5. Hollow channel two, 6. Anchor bolt / anchor cable, 7. Rigid pad, 8. Tray, 9. Spherical washer, 10. Nut / lock one, 11. Nut / lock two, 12. Anchor bolt / cable force gauge, 13. Fixed washer, 14. Fixed connecting rod, 15. Displacement sensor, 16. Telescopic cable, 17. Oil inlet / outlet, 18. Hydraulic support. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a lightweight anchor cable component matching test device includes a fixed base 1, on which a hydraulic cylinder 2 and a rock pad 3 are mounted. The hydraulic cylinder 2 has a hollow channel 4 running through the telescopic rod and the fixed part along its axial direction. The rock pad 3 is placed on the side near the fixed part of the hydraulic cylinder, and a hollow channel 5 runs through its interior from the side near the hydraulic cylinder 2 to the side away from the hydraulic cylinder 2. The hollow channel 4 and the hollow channel 5 are coaxially arranged. One end of the anchor rod / anchor cable 6 passes through the hollow channel 4 and the hollow channel 5 in sequence, and is fixedly connected to one end of the rock pad 3 from near to far through a rigid pad 7, a tray 8, a spherical washer 9, and a nut / lock 10. The rigid pad 7 has a through hole. like Figure 4 As shown, the hydraulic cylinder telescopic rod is provided with a nut / lock 2 11, an anchor cable force gauge 12, and a fixing washer 13 in sequence from far to near the hydraulic cylinder fixing part. The anchor cable force gauge 12 is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod through one end of the nut / lock 2 11, and the other end of the nut / lock 2 11 is fixedly connected to the anchor rod / anchor cable 6. like Figure 1 As shown, in its minimum stroke state, the hydraulic cylinder telescopic rod has a fixed connecting rod 14 at the position where it protrudes from the hydraulic cylinder fixing part and is closest to the hydraulic cylinder fixing part. The top height of the fixed connecting rod 14 is greater than the top height of the hydraulic cylinder fixing part. A displacement sensor 15 is provided at the top of the hydraulic cylinder fixing part. The displacement sensor 15 and the fixed connecting rod 14 are horizontally connected by a telescopic line 16. The hydraulic cylinder is provided with an inlet / outlet port 17, which is connected to one end of the oil circuit, and the other end of the oil circuit is connected to the computer system.

[0016] To facilitate the adjustment of the hydraulic cylinder 2, a plurality of longitudinally arranged hydraulic supports 18 are provided between the hydraulic cylinder 2 and the fixed base 1. The hydraulic supports 18 can adjust the height and tilt angle of the hydraulic cylinder 2 by telescoping.

[0017] To accommodate the testing of various specifications of anchor bolts / anchor cables 6, the diameter of the through hole and the diameter of the fixing washer 13 on the rigid pad 7 are adaptively adjusted or replaced according to the diameter of the anchor bolt / anchor cable 6.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the fixed base 1 is provided with a transparent protective cover to prevent the anchor rod / anchor cable 6 from suddenly breaking off and being ejected.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the height adjustment range of the hydraulic support 18 is 0-100mm, and the adjustment accuracy is 1mm.

[0020] Example: A method for testing the compatibility of lightweight anchor cable components, comprising the following steps: S1. Cut the anchor rod / anchor cable 6 sample to a set length of 1200mm for testing; S2. Adjust the height of the hydraulic support 18 so that the hollow channel 4 of the hydraulic cylinder 2, the hollow channel 5 of the rock pad 3, and the through hole of the rigid pad 7 are coaxial. S3. After passing the anchor rod / anchor cable 6 sample through the anchor rod / anchor cable force gauge 12, the fixing washer 13, the hollow channel 1 of the telescopic cylinder 4, the hollow channel 2 of the rock pad 3 5, the through hole of the rigid pad 7, the tray 8, and the spherical washer 9 in sequence, the two ends of the anchor rod / anchor cable 6 sample are tightened and fixed by nuts / lockers. S4. The computer system executes the set program and controls the load and loading rate of the hydraulic cylinder 2 through the oil inlet / outlet port 17 and the oil circuit. The extension rod of the hydraulic cylinder 2 moves outward to stretch the anchor rod / anchor cable 6 sample. During the stretching process, the displacement sensor 15 is used to test the extension displacement of the hydraulic cylinder 2, and the anchor rod / anchor cable force gauge 12 is used to test the stress on the anchor rod / anchor cable 6. The deformation of the anchor rod / anchor cable 6, the tray 8, the spherical washer 9, and the nut / lock is monitored by the field strain testing device. S5. When the loading process reaches the preset load conditions (such as reaching the maximum load or completing the set number of cycles), the computer system control program stops loading and checks whether there is yielding or fracture of the anchor rod or cable rod, as well as deformation, wear, or cracking of the tray 8, spherical washer 9, and nut / lock. S6. Data analysis of the matching performance of anchor bolt / anchor cable 6 and its components: If the displacement data shows that the deformation of anchor bolt / anchor cable 6 and its components is within the allowable range, the mechanical data shows that the contact stress is evenly distributed, and there is no obvious damage to the appearance, then the matching performance of the anchor bolt / anchor cable 6 and its components is judged to be good; if there is severe deformation of the components, contact stress concentration, or yielding of anchor bolt / anchor cable 6, then the matching performance is judged to be poor. S7. Replace different anchor rods / anchor cables 6 and trays 8, and repeat steps S1 to S6 to perform matching tests on different rods and components.

Claims

1. A lightweight anchor cable component matching test device, comprising a fixed base (1), characterized in that, The fixed base (1) is provided with a hydraulic cylinder (2) and a rock pad (3). The hydraulic cylinder (2) has a hollow channel (4) that runs through the telescopic rod and the fixed part along its axial direction. The rock pad (3) is placed on the side close to the fixed part of the hydraulic cylinder (2). A hollow channel (5) runs through its interior from the side close to the hydraulic cylinder (2) to the side away from the hydraulic cylinder (2). The hollow channel (4) and the hollow channel (5) are coaxially arranged. One end of the anchor rod / anchor cable (6) passes through the hollow channel (4) and the hollow channel (5) in sequence, and is fixedly connected to one end of the rock pad (3) from near to far through a rigid pad (7), a tray (8), a spherical washer (9) and a nut / lock (10). A through hole is opened on the rigid pad (7). The hydraulic cylinder (2) telescopic rod is provided with a nut / lock two (11), an anchor rod force gauge (12), and a fixing washer (13) in sequence from far to near the fixed part of the hydraulic cylinder (2). The anchor rod force gauge (12) is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod through one end of the nut / lock two (11), and the other end of the nut / lock two (11) is fixedly connected to the anchor rod or anchor cable. In its minimum stroke state, the telescopic rod of the hydraulic cylinder (2) is provided with a fixed connecting rod (14) at the position where it protrudes from the fixed part of the hydraulic cylinder (2) and is closest to the fixed part of the hydraulic cylinder (2). The top height of the fixed connecting rod (14) is greater than the top height of the fixed part of the hydraulic cylinder (2). A displacement sensor (15) is provided at the top of the fixed part of the hydraulic cylinder (2). The displacement sensor (15) and the fixed connecting rod (14) are horizontally connected by a telescopic line (16). The hydraulic cylinder (2) is provided with an inlet / outlet port (17), which is connected to one end of the oil circuit and the other end of the oil circuit is connected to the computer system.

2. The lightweight anchor cable component matching test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple longitudinally arranged hydraulic supports (18) are provided between the hydraulic cylinder (2) and the fixed base (1). The hydraulic supports (18) adjust the height and tilt angle of the hydraulic cylinder (2) by telescoping.

3. The lightweight anchor cable component matching test device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the through hole and the diameter of the fixing washer (13) on the rigid pad (7) are adaptively adjusted or replaced according to the diameter of the anchor rod / anchor cable (6).

4. The lightweight anchor cable component matching test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed base (1) is provided with a transparent protective cover.

5. The lightweight anchor cable component matching test device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height adjustment range of the hydraulic support (18) is 0-100mm, and the adjustment accuracy is 1mm.

6. A method for testing the compatibility of lightweight anchor cable components as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Cut the anchor rod / anchor cable (6) sample to the set length for testing; S2. Adjust the height of the hydraulic support (18) so that the hollow channel one (4) of the hydraulic cylinder (2), the hollow channel two (5) of the rock pad (3), and the through hole of the rigid pad (7) are coaxial. S3. After passing the anchor rod / anchor cable (6) sample through the anchor rod cable force gauge (12), the fixed washer (13), the hollow channel one of the telescopic cylinder (4), the hollow channel two of the rock pad (3) (5), the through hole of the rigid pad (7), the tray (8), and the spherical washer (9) in sequence, the two ends of the anchor rod / anchor cable (6) sample are tightened and fixed by nuts / locks. S4. The computer system executes the set program and controls the load and loading rate of the hydraulic cylinder (2) through the oil inlet / outlet (17) and oil circuit. The hydraulic cylinder (2) moves the telescopic rod outward to stretch the anchor rod / anchor cable (6) sample. During the stretching process, the displacement sensor (15) is used to test the telescopic displacement of the hydraulic cylinder (2), and the anchor rod cable force gauge (12) is used to test the stress on the anchor rod / anchor cable (6). The deformation of the anchor rod / anchor cable (6), tray (8), spherical washer (9), nut / lock is monitored by the field strain testing device. S5. When the loading process reaches the preset load conditions, the computer system control program stops loading and checks whether there is yielding or fracture of the anchor rod or cable rod, as well as deformation, wear, or cracking of the tray (8), spherical washer (9), nut / lock. S6. Data analysis of the matching performance of the anchor rod / anchor cable (6) specimen and its components: If the displacement data shows that the deformation of the anchor rod / anchor cable (6) and its components is within the allowable range, the mechanical data shows that the contact stress is evenly distributed and there is no obvious damage to the appearance, then the matching performance of the anchor rod or anchor cable and its components is good; if there is severe deformation of the components, contact stress concentration or yielding of the anchor rod / anchor cable (6), then the matching performance is poor. S7. Replace different anchor rods / anchor cables (6) and trays (8) components, and repeat steps S1~S5 to perform matching tests on different rods and components.

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