Cross-country vehicle evaluation and grading method, system and equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle performance evaluation, in particular to a cross-country vehicle evaluation grading method, system and device. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out basic cross-country quality test, terrain trafficability test, cross-country auxiliary capability test, cross-country safety capability test and cross-country control capability test on a to-be-tested vehicle to obtain a test data set of the to-be-tested vehicle, wherein the tests comprise grounding specific pressure test, ramp driving test and thrust-weight ratio test of different landing modes; performing weighted calculation on each item of data in the test data set by adopting a mode of performing weighted calculation on a total score; and evaluating the cross-country ability level and the ease and easy control ability level according to the calculation score. According to the method, the cross-country vehicle is comprehensively evaluated through the second-level indexes and the third-level indexes which are further subdivided, various performance indexes related to the cross-country vehicle in an actual use scene are basically covered, the problem of evaluation one-sidedness possibly existing in a traditional evaluation method is solved, and more complete and deeper vehicle performance cognition is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automotive performance evaluation technology, specifically to a method, system, and equipment for evaluating and grading off-road vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, China's tourism economy has flourished, and consumers' enthusiasm for outdoor all-terrain self-driving has soared, directly driving the rapid expansion of the off-road vehicle market. However, consumers' understanding of off-road vehicles and their off-road capabilities is seriously lagging behind. Excessive online advertising misleads users, and blind off-roading trips have led to frequent accidents.

[0003] In related technologies, vehicles are driven on test tracks, and then testers score and evaluate their off-road performance. However, although some OEMs and non-governmental organizations have introduced off-road ratings and route references, these have the following drawbacks: objective testing or parameter comparisons are too complex, making it difficult to intuitively understand vehicle ratings. Therefore, how to provide consumers with simplified and accurate evaluations, enabling them to choose the right off-road vehicle from a wide range of options, is a problem that industry professionals urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In related technologies, the comparison of evaluation and rating parameters for off-road vehicles is complex and makes it difficult to intuitively understand the true evaluation of the vehicle.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for grading off-road vehicles, the method comprising: The test data set of the test vehicle is obtained by conducting basic off-road quality tests, terrain passability tests, off-road assist capability tests, off-road safety capability tests, and off-road handling capability tests. The basic off-road quality tests include: ground pressure test, slope driving test, and thrust-to-weight ratio test of different ground contact methods. The total score is calculated by weighting each data item in the test dataset to obtain the scores for the basic off-road skills test, terrain passability test, off-road assistance capability test, off-road safety capability test, and off-road handling capability test. The off-road capability level of the test vehicle is evaluated based on the scores of the basic off-road quality test and terrain passability test, and the safety and controllability level of the test vehicle is evaluated based on the scores of the off-road assistance capability test, off-road safety capability test and off-road handling capability test.

[0006] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the grounding specific voltage test of the vehicle under test includes: Record the wheel load parameters of each wheel of the vehicle during low-speed driving; Measure the actual ground contact area and the nominal ground contact area of ​​the tire, and calculate the ground contact pressure based on the wheel load parameters and the actual and nominal ground contact areas of the tire.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the hill-climbing test of the vehicle under test includes: The test vehicle is driven sequentially up a standard slope at different preset angles by driving the single front wheels on the left and right sides of the vehicle in turn, and the distance traveled by the test vehicle is recorded when the wheels are about to leave the ground or slide on the slope. The slope driving index is calculated based on the driving distance parameters.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, the thrust-to-weight ratio test of the vehicle under test under different landing methods includes: The vehicle under test is parked on the drive pulley assembly stand, and the drive pulley assembly stand is used to simulate the vehicle's extrication from difficult situations. Switch the vehicle under test to a mode that facilitates getting out of trouble and activate the differential lock function. At the same time, adjust the pulley group status of the drive pulley group test bench according to the selected working conditions, and connect the traction rope and traction gauge. Start the vehicle under test and slowly increase the accelerator pedal opening. Observe the wheel slippage and record the traction force change data. Select the average value after stabilization as the maximum traction force to calculate the thrust-to-weight ratio.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the method of simulating the traction conditions of the vehicle under test using a drive-pull pulley system includes: The test bench uses a drive pulley system to simulate the vehicle's traction conditions, including all wheels on the ground, rear axle on the ground, front axle on the ground, cross axle on the ground, single front wheel on the ground, and single rear wheel on the ground.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, the weighted calculation of the total score for each data item in the test dataset to obtain scores for the basic off-road skills test, terrain passability test, off-road assist capability test, off-road safety capability test, and off-road handling capability test includes: The basic off-road capabilities of the vehicle under test are calculated based on its passability parameters, off-road traction parameters, and slope safety parameters. The terrain passability score of the vehicle under test is calculated based on its passage in different scenarios.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, the calculation of the basic off-road qualities of the vehicle under test based on its passability parameters, off-road traction parameters, and slope safety includes: obtaining the off-road traction parameters of the vehicle under test based on the ground pressure ratio test, slope driving test, and thrust-to-weight ratio of different ground contact methods.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, the terrain passability score of the vehicle under test is calculated based on its passability in different scenarios, including: The terrain passability score of the vehicle under test is calculated based on its passage through vertical steps, horizontal ditches, wading pools, standard slopes, lateral slopes, ridges, ditches, craters, hard twisted roads, earthen twisted roads, hump bridges, double ramps, riverbed roads, log roads, and S-shaped side slopes.

[0013] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an off-road vehicle testing and grading system, the off-road vehicle testing and grading system comprising: The data testing module is used to perform basic off-road quality tests, terrain passability tests, off-road assistance capability tests, off-road safety capability tests, and off-road handling capability tests on the vehicle under test to obtain a set of test data for the vehicle under test. The basic off-road quality tests include: ground pressure test, slope driving test, and thrust-to-weight ratio test for different ground contact methods. The data processing module is used to perform weighted calculations on each data item in the test dataset to obtain the score for each test item by using a weighted total score calculation method. The comprehensive evaluation module is used to assess the off-road capability level of the vehicle under test based on the scores of the basic off-road quality test and terrain passability test, and to assess the safety and controllability level of the vehicle under test based on the scores of the off-road assistance capability test, off-road safety capability test and off-road handling capability test.

[0014] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an off-road vehicle testing and grading device, which includes a processor, a memory, and an off-road vehicle testing and grading program stored in the memory and executable by the processor. When the off-road vehicle testing and grading program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the off-road vehicle testing and grading method as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include: This application constructs two units: off-road capability and safe and easy control. It covers multiple primary items such as basic off-road qualities, terrain traversal ability, off-road safety, off-road handling, and off-road assistance, as well as further subdivided secondary and tertiary indicators. It comprehensively and systematically evaluates off-road vehicles, basically covering various performance indicators that off-road vehicles may involve in real-world usage scenarios. This avoids the problem of one-sided evaluation that may exist in traditional evaluation methods, and provides consumers and the industry with a more complete and in-depth understanding of vehicle performance. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the off-road vehicle evaluation and grading method of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the various levels of indicators for the off-road capability of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the various indicators for easy and reliable control in this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation process of the off-road vehicle testing equipment in this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the off-road vehicle testing and grading device involved in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] In related technologies, the comparison of evaluation and rating parameters for off-road vehicles is complex and makes it difficult to intuitively understand the true evaluation of the vehicle.

[0019] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for grading off-road vehicles, the method comprising: Step S1: Sample vehicle preparation. Then, basic off-road performance tests, terrain passability tests, off-road assist capability tests, off-road safety capability tests, and off-road handling capability tests are conducted on the vehicle to be tested to obtain a set of test data.

[0020] Specifically, before the evaluation, the prototype vehicle needs to be thoroughly inspected and its functions confirmed. This includes recording the vehicle's basic information, checking the tire tread depth and pressure, energy status, adjusting adjustable posture vehicles to a favorable height, and checking the functions, tightness, lubrication, and fluid levels of each chassis system, as well as the off-road mode and differential lock settings.

[0021] In one specific embodiment of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the basic off-road performance test includes the following test items: approach angle test, departure angle test, longitudinal passing angle test, minimum ground clearance test, minimum turning diameter test, ground contact pressure test, slope driving test, thrust-to-weight ratio test for different ground contact methods, maximum parking slope test, and maximum rollover stability angle test.

[0022] Understandably, approach angle, departure angle, longitudinal clearance angle, minimum ground clearance, and minimum turning diameter tests are used in subsequent steps to calculate the vehicle's passability parameters. Ground contact pressure, slope driving, and thrust-to-weight ratio tests with different ground contact methods are used in subsequent steps to calculate the vehicle's off-road traction parameters. Maximum parking gradient and maximum rollover stability angle tests are used in subsequent steps to calculate slope safety scores. This application, by adding ground contact pressure, slope driving index, and thrust-to-weight ratio with different ground contact methods, demonstrates that these parameters can reflect off-road traction capabilities.

[0023] In some optional embodiments, the terrain passability test includes 15 different scenarios with varying difficulty levels. Specifically, the passability test scenarios include: vertical steps, horizontal trenches, wading pools, standard slopes, lateral ramps, ridges, road ditches, craters, hard twisted roads, earthen twisted roads, hump bridges, (high and low attached) split ramps, riverbed roads, log trails, and S-shaped side slopes.

[0024] Furthermore, the obtained three-level index test parameters include: passing height in the vertical step scenario, passing width in the horizontal trench scenario, passing depth in the wading pool scenario, passing slope in the standard slope scenario, passing slope in the lateral ramp scenario, passing height in the ridge scenario, passing depth in the road ditch scenario, passing dimensions in the crater scenario, passing dimensions in the hard twisted road scenario, passing dimensions in the soil twisted road scenario, passing height in the hump bridge scenario, passing slope in the split ramp scenario, passing conditions in the riverbed road scenario, passing conditions in the log road scenario, and passing conditions in the S-shaped side slope scenario.

[0025] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the off-road assistance capability test includes: conventional function tests and innovative function tests. Conventional function tests include: hill descent control, hill start assist, low-speed off-road cruise control, automatic parking, center steering, terrain mode control, blind spot monitoring, disconnectable stabilizer bar, and head-up display. Innovative function tests include: anti-aiming technology and other function tests.

[0026] The off-road safety capability test includes: driving the vehicle onto the ditch, checking the protection of the corresponding positions of each indicator, and conducting anti-collision tests on the corresponding positions of the vehicle under test.

[0027] Off-road handling capability testing includes: power performance testing, braking performance testing, and maneuverability testing. Power performance testing includes idle power, power stability, and accelerator pedal stability testing. Maneuverability testing includes four-wheel drive operation ease of use testing and differential lock operation ease of use testing.

[0028] It is understood that the specific test items mentioned above are all third-level indicators of the off-road capability and safe and easy-to-control capability of the vehicle under test. Conventional functions, innovative functions, passability parameters, off-road traction, slope safety, and passability on different types of roads are second-level indicators. The aforementioned basic off-road qualities, terrain passability, off-road assistance capabilities, off-road safety capabilities, and off-road handling capabilities are first-level indicators in this application's embodiments.

[0029] In some specific embodiments, the test items for the third-level indicators include: A1. Ground pressure test includes: recording the wheel load parameters of each wheel of the vehicle during low-speed driving, and measuring the actual ground contact area and nominal ground contact area of ​​the tires. The ground pressure is calculated based on the wheel load parameters, the actual ground contact area and the nominal ground contact area of ​​the tires.

[0030] Specifically, first drive the vehicle at low speed onto the wheel load meter to record the wheel load of each wheel; then place the vehicle on a level ground, use a jack to lift the tires off the ground and place the imprint display device, slowly lower the tires and let them stand still, then measure the actual ground contact area and the nominal ground contact area of ​​the tires. Repeat the test at least 3 times, take the average value and calculate the ground contact pressure.

[0031] A2. The slope driving test of the vehicle under test includes: driving the single front wheels of the left and right sides of the vehicle under test up a standard slope at different preset angles in sequence, and recording the driving distance parameters of the vehicle under test when the wheels are about to leave the ground or slide on the slope; and calculating the slope driving index based on the driving distance parameters.

[0032] A3. The thrust-to-weight ratio test of the vehicle under test under different landing methods includes: parking the vehicle under test on a drive pulley block test bench, using the drive pulley block test bench to simulate the vehicle under test's traction conditions; switching the vehicle under test to a traction-friendly mode and activating the differential lock function, while adjusting the pulley block state of the drive pulley block test bench according to the selected working condition, connecting the traction rope and traction gauge; starting the vehicle under test and slowly increasing the accelerator pedal opening, observing wheel slippage and recording traction force changes, and selecting the average value after stabilization as the maximum traction force to calculate the thrust-to-weight ratio.

[0033] Specifically, a drive pulley system was used to simulate the vehicle's traction conditions, including all wheels on the ground, rear axle on the ground, front axle on the ground, cross axle on the ground, single front wheel on the ground, and single rear wheel on the ground.

[0034] A4. The testing of approach angle, departure angle, breakover angle, and minimum ground clearance includes: measuring the corresponding parameters according to the methods shown in GB / T 12673-2019. For vehicles with adjustable suspension height, the suspension should be adjusted to the highest position before measurement. The relevant distances and heights are measured using the projection method, and the approach angle, departure angle, and breakover angle are calculated using the corresponding formulas. For minimum ground clearance, the lowest point on the vehicle's underside is selected to measure its perpendicular distance to the supporting plane, and the minimum value is recorded. For vehicles with adjustable suspension posture, the suspension height can be adjusted to a level favorable for maneuverability parameters before measurement.

[0035] A5. The minimum turning diameter test includes: referring to the method in GB / T 12540-2024, by installing a driving trajectory display device or spraying water to form tire tracks, allowing the vehicle to drive at low speed and turn the steering wheel to the limit position, measuring the diameter of the track circle formed on the ground, and taking the arithmetic mean of the measurements in two mutually perpendicular directions as the test result. The test is performed once for each left and right turn, and the final result is determined according to the corresponding rules based on the difference in results.

[0036] A6. The maximum parking slope test includes: the test vehicle is parked at the bottom of the slope, switched to the climbing mode and the differential lock function and low gear of the transfer case are activated. After the vehicle is driven to the test section and stopped using the service brake, the parking brake is activated. The vehicle is observed to determine whether the parking slope is successful. The final result is the smaller value of the maximum parking slope of the vehicle in the forward and reverse directions.

[0037] A7. The maximum roll stability angle test includes: placing the vehicle on a roll test bench, installing anti-skid blocks and anti-rollover safety equipment, starting the test bench to tilt the vehicle to the left, monitoring the right wheel load, stopping when the normal reaction force of the support plane is less than 80kg, controlling the test bench to lower back to 0° tilt angle, repeating the test three or more times, and taking the arithmetic average of the three consecutive measurements with a difference of no more than 0.6° as the maximum static roll stability angle in that direction. The final result is the smaller value in the left and right directions.

[0038] A8. Vertical obstacle test includes: The vehicle can drive onto and off the vertical obstacle using forward or reverse gear. The manual transmission should be in the corresponding gear and the automatic transmission should be operated as required. When driving onto the obstacle, the vehicle should be driven at low speed until it is near the obstacle, then brake and stop, release the brake pedal, and select an appropriate throttle opening to drive onto the obstacle. When driving off the obstacle, adjust the brake pedal force and drive off slowly, observing the vehicle's movement and the contact and collision of parts.

[0039] The A9 test, which covers complex terrains such as ridges, includes: after manually shifting the transmission to the lowest gear and performing other appropriate operations, the vehicle slowly approaches the terrain feature at low speed, brakes to a stop, releases the brake pedal, selects an appropriate throttle opening to pass through the terrain, and if wheel slippage or fishtailing occurs, the steering wheel can be slightly corrected to observe the vehicle's movement during the process.

[0040] A10. The wading pool and riverbed road pass test includes: adjusting the vehicle's technical condition and mode as required, turning off the engine start-stop function, driving into the wading pool at a speed not exceeding 10 km / h, driving at a constant speed for at least 50 m, and checking the condition of each part of the vehicle to determine whether the test is successful.

[0041] A11. Side slope and S-shaped side slope passing test includes: stopping the vehicle under test on the connecting road section, starting and passing through the side slope or S-shaped side slope at a constant speed of no more than 10km / h, keeping the direction of travel parallel to the direction of the slope road surface, and performing one round trip. Depending on the vehicle driving situation, choose a larger slope to repeat the test or drive off the slope.

[0042] A12. The test for climbing steep slopes and ramps with varying degrees of adhesion includes: selecting the required gear and operating method, checking the parking brake system and stopping at the corresponding section of road, starting the vehicle and selecting an appropriate throttle opening to climb the slope, stopping and starting the vehicle on ramps with varying degrees of adhesion with varying degrees of adhesion, observing the instrument status and wheel condition during the climbing process, and choosing a higher slope or reversing down the slope after the vehicle has come to a complete stop, depending on the climbing situation.

[0043] A13. Sand and mud passability test includes: parking the vehicle at the entrance of the sand or mud area, switching to the corresponding off-road mode, adjusting the tire pressure and ESC status, starting and accelerating to a stable speed, driving one lap around the outside of the site, braking and stopping, powering off the vehicle for 1 minute, and then driving one lap again to determine whether the test is successful.

[0044] A14. The deep-water floating test includes: the vehicle equipped with emergency floating function is operated as required, the corresponding function or mode is activated, the technical condition is checked and the towing ring is installed to connect to the rescue vehicle, the vehicle enters the pond at a speed not exceeding 5 km / h, the water ingress inside the vehicle is observed, and after completing straight and turning driving, the vehicle exits the pond. The key parts are checked to determine whether the floating test is successful.

[0045] A15. Collision protection test includes: driving the vehicle onto the ditch and checking the protection of the corresponding positions of each indicator.

[0046] A16. Idle power test includes: setting up the vehicle according to the drive type and differential lock priority, driving the vehicle directly towards a cross axle of moderate difficulty, relying on idle power and the brake pedal to pass through, and intervening with the accelerator pedal opening if necessary.

[0047] A17. The dynamic stability test includes setting the vehicle according to the drive type priority, driving the vehicle directly towards the top of a 40% slope, and driving up the slope from the bottom at a speed of 5 km / h with an appropriate accelerator pedal opening, maintaining the accelerator pedal opening until reaching the top of the slope.

[0048] A18. Accelerator pedal stability test includes: setting the vehicle according to drive type priority, driving the vehicle facing the top of a 40% slope, driving up the slope from the bottom at a speed of 5km / h with an appropriate accelerator pedal opening, and maintaining the speed by adjusting the accelerator pedal until reaching the top of the slope.

[0049] A19. Limited-slip capability test includes: setting up the vehicle according to the drive type, differential lock priority and all-terrain mode selection requirements, parking the vehicle in the sand and creeping back and forth to get stuck in the sand, slowly pressing the accelerator pedal to accelerate, and repeating the operation after switching to mud driving condition.

[0050] A20. Braking stability test includes: setting the vehicle according to drive type priority, driving the vehicle directly towards the bottom of a 40% slope, driving down the slope from the top of the slope at a speed of 5km / h with an appropriate brake pedal opening, and maintaining the brake pedal opening until reaching the bottom of the slope.

[0051] A21. Brake pedal stability test includes: setting the vehicle according to drive type priority, driving the vehicle facing the bottom of a 40% slope, driving down the slope from the top of the slope at a speed of 5km / h with an appropriate brake pedal opening, and maintaining the speed by adjusting the brake pedal until the vehicle reaches the bottom of the slope.

[0052] A22. The ease of operation test includes: sequentially completing operations such as turning off the vehicle or shutting off the power unit, starting the engine or starting the power unit, adjusting the drive gear to 4H and 4L, and activating the differential lock.

[0053] A23. The operation comfort test includes: measuring the gear shift lever operating force using a force gauge.

[0054] A24. The hill descent control function test includes: controlling the vehicle speed to descend the slope smoothly and slowly, according to the drive mode priority, driving the vehicle towards different bottoms of the slope, activating the function and then releasing the accelerator and brake pedals to drive down the slope.

[0055] A25. Hill start assist function test includes: preventing rollback on a hill start, ensuring vehicle stability, parking the vehicle facing the top of the hill on different hills according to drive mode priority, activating the function, releasing the brake pedal and pressing the accelerator pedal to drive up the hill.

[0056] A26. The low-speed off-road cruise function test includes: controlling the vehicle speed smoothly and slowly on a steep slope, driving the vehicle directly onto a medium cross-axle according to the drive mode priority, activating the function to allow the vehicle to drive onto the cross-axle using the function.

[0057] A27. Automatic parking function test includes: keeping the vehicle in a parked state on a slope and automatically releasing the brake to start, and according to the drive mode priority, after activating the function, parking the vehicle facing the top of the slope on different slopes for 5 minutes.

[0058] A28. The center steering function test includes: reducing the turning radius, turning the vehicle on a narrow road, and then driving the vehicle to perform left and right center steering on gravel after activating the function.

[0059] A29. Terrain mode control function test includes: allowing the vehicle to have different body postures on different terrains, etc., and the types of vehicle terrain modes need to be checked.

[0060] A30. The blind spot imaging function test includes: assisting the driver to observe the blind spots around the vehicle, checking them, and driving the vehicle on gravel at a speed of 0km / h to 10km / h to activate the function.

[0061] A31. The floating function test includes: driving the vehicle safely on the water surface, driving the vehicle directly into the floating pool to activate the function, driving into the pool and driving at a certain speed for 30 minutes, and checking the water ingress in the passenger compartment after exiting the pool.

[0062] A32. The disconnectable stabilizer bar function test includes: increasing wheel travel and improving ground contact, driving the vehicle onto a simple cross axle, and driving onto the vehicle after disconnecting the stabilizer bar once.

[0063] A33. The functional testing of the drone platform includes: providing the driver with capabilities such as aerial reconnaissance and path planning, performing a point check on the vehicle's functions, and connecting the drone to communication equipment.

[0064] A34. The pre-aiming technology function test includes: detecting road information ahead in advance and actively adjusting vehicle parameters, and performing a point check on the vehicle's pre-aiming technology function.

[0065] Step S2: The total score is calculated by weighting the data in the test dataset to obtain the scores for the basic off-road skills test, terrain passability test, off-road assist capability test, off-road safety capability test, and off-road handling capability test.

[0066] It is worth noting that the specific test items mentioned above are all tertiary indicators of the off-road capability and safe and easy-to-control capability of the vehicle under test. Conventional functions, innovative functions, passability parameters, off-road traction, slope safety, and passability on different types of roads are secondary indicators. The aforementioned basic off-road qualities, terrain passability, off-road assistance capabilities, off-road safety capabilities, and off-road handling capabilities are primary indicators in this application's embodiments. In this application's evaluation, the secondary indicator scores are first calculated based on the scores and weights of each tertiary indicator; then, the primary indicator scores are calculated based on the scores and weights of the secondary indicators; finally, the scores for both off-road capability and safe and easy-to-control capabilities are calculated based on the scores and weights of the primary indicators.

[0067] Optionally, step S2 above includes: Step A: Calculate the basic off-road performance score of the vehicle under test based on its passability parameters, off-road traction parameters, and slope safety parameters.

[0068] Specifically, the score for the basic off-road skills secondary indicator = the score for the corresponding tertiary indicator * γ 1ij Off-road capability score = Basic off-road skills score * α1 + Terrain passability score * α2 Step B: Calculate the terrain passability score of the vehicle under test based on its passability in different scenarios.

[0069] Specifically, the score for the secondary indicator of terrain accessibility = the score for the corresponding tertiary indicator * γ²ij It is worth noting that the three-level indicators include the test vehicle's ability to pass through vertical steps, horizontal ditches, wading pools, standard slopes, lateral slopes, ridges, ditches, craters, hard twisted roads, earthen twisted roads, hump bridges, split ramps, riverbed roads, log roads, and S-shaped side slopes to calculate the test vehicle's terrain passability score.

[0070] Terrain accessibility primary index score = Terrain accessibility secondary index score * β 2i Step C: Calculate the off-road safety score based on the three-level collision protection index.

[0071] Off-road safety level 2 score = corresponding level 3 score * κ 1ij Primary indicator off-road safety score = Secondary indicator off-road safety score * θ 1i Step D: Calculate the off-road handling score based on secondary indicators such as power, braking and handling.

[0072] Off-road handling secondary indicator score = corresponding tertiary indicator score * κ 2ij Off-road handling score = Off-road handling secondary indicator score * θ 2i Step E: Calculate the off-road assist score based on secondary indicators such as conventional functions and innovative functions.

[0073] Off-road assist secondary indicator score = corresponding tertiary indicator score * κ 3ij Primary indicator off-road assist score = Secondary indicator off-road assist score * θ 3i In the above formula, α1 and α2 are the weighting coefficients of the basic off-road quality score and terrain passability score, which are the primary indicators of off-road capability, respectively; β 1i β 2i These are the weighting coefficients for the i-th secondary indicators of basic off-road skills and terrain passability, respectively; γ1ij γ 2ij δ1, δ2, and *δ3 are the weighting coefficients of the j-th tertiary indicator under the i-th secondary indicator of basic off-road skills and terrain passability, respectively; δ1, δ2, and *δ3 are the weighting coefficients of off-road safety score, off-road handling score, and off-road assistance score, respectively; θ 1i θ 2i θ 3i These are the weight coefficients for the i-th secondary indicators of off-road safety, off-road handling, and off-road assistance, respectively; κ 1ij κ 2ij κ 3ij These are the weighting coefficients of the j-th tertiary indicators under the i-th secondary indicator of off-road safety, off-road handling, and off-road assistance, respectively.

[0074] Step S3: Evaluate the off-road capability level of the vehicle under test based on the scores of the basic off-road quality test and terrain passability test, and evaluate the safety and controllability level of the vehicle under test based on the scores of the off-road assistance capability test, off-road safety capability test and off-road handling capability test.

[0075] Specifically, it includes: Step a, Off-road capability score = Basic off-road skills score * α1 + Terrain passability score * α2 Step b, Safety and Control Score = Off-road Safety Score * δ1 + Off-road Handling Score * δ2 + Off-road Assist Score * δ3 In one specific embodiment of this application, the specific scoring limits are as shown in the table below: Table 1. Scoring Limits for Basic Off-Road Skills

[0076] Table 2 Terrain Passability Scoring Table

[0077] Table 3 Explanation of the three-level indicators for off-road safety

[0078] Table 4. Explanation of the three-level index scores for off-road handling

[0079] Table 5 Explanation of the Level 3 Indicator Scores for Off-Road Assist Standard Functions

[0080] Secondly, this application provides an off-road vehicle testing and grading system, which includes: a data testing module, a data processing module, and a comprehensive evaluation module; wherein, The data testing module is used to conduct basic off-road quality tests, terrain passability tests, off-road assistance capability tests, off-road safety capability tests, and off-road handling capability tests on the vehicle under test to obtain a set of test data for the vehicle under test. The basic off-road quality tests include: ground pressure test, slope driving test, and thrust-to-weight ratio test under different ground contact methods.

[0081] The data processing module is used to perform weighted calculations on each data item in the test dataset to obtain the score for each test item.

[0082] It is worth noting that the test results of each tertiary indicator are assigned different scores in different intervals. The measurement data of each tertiary indicator are analyzed and processed to calculate the score of each tertiary indicator.

[0083] The comprehensive evaluation module is used to assess the off-road capability level of the vehicle under test based on the scores of the basic off-road quality test and terrain passability test, and to assess the safety and controllability level of the vehicle under test based on the scores of the off-road assistance capability test, off-road safety capability test and off-road handling capability test.

[0084] Understandably, the scores for the secondary indicators are calculated based on the scores and weights of the various tertiary indicators; then, the scores for the primary indicators are calculated based on the scores and weights of the secondary indicators; and finally, the scores for the two units of off-road capability and safe and easy control are calculated based on the scores and weights of the primary indicators.

[0085] The functions of each module in the above-mentioned off-road vehicle evaluation and grading system correspond to the steps in the above-mentioned off-road vehicle evaluation and grading method embodiment, and their functions and implementation processes will not be described in detail here.

[0086] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an off-road vehicle testing and grading device, which can be a personal computer (PC), laptop computer, server, or other device with data processing capabilities.

[0087] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the off-road vehicle testing and grading device involved in the embodiments of this application. In this embodiment, the off-road vehicle testing and grading device may include a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a communication bus.

[0088] The communication bus can be of any type and is used to interconnect the processor, memory, and communication interface.

[0089] The communication interface includes input / output (I / O) interfaces, physical interfaces, and logical interfaces used for interconnecting components within the off-road vehicle testing and grading equipment, as well as interfaces used for interconnecting the off-road vehicle testing and grading equipment with other devices (such as other computing devices or user equipment). Physical interfaces can be Ethernet interfaces, fiber optic interfaces, ATM interfaces, etc.; user equipment can be displays, keyboards, etc.

[0090] Memory can be various types of storage media, such as random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), non-volatile RAM (NVRAM), flash memory, optical storage, hard disk, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), etc.

[0091] The processor can be a general-purpose processor, which can call the off-road vehicle testing and grading program stored in memory and execute the off-road vehicle testing and grading method provided in the embodiments of this application. For example, the general-purpose processor can be a central processing unit (CPU). The method executed when the off-road vehicle testing and grading program is called can be referred to in various embodiments of the off-road vehicle testing and grading method of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0092] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 5 The hardware structure shown does not constitute a limitation of this application and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0093] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0094] The present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing an off-road vehicle assessment and grading program, wherein when the off-road vehicle assessment and grading program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the off-road vehicle assessment and grading method described above.

[0095] The method implemented when the off-road vehicle evaluation and grading procedure is executed can be referred to in various embodiments of the off-road vehicle evaluation and grading method of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0096] In summary, this application comprehensively and systematically evaluates off-road vehicles by constructing two units: off-road capability and safe and easy control. It covers multiple primary items, including basic off-road qualities, terrain traversal ability, off-road safety, off-road handling, and off-road assistance, as well as further subdivided secondary and tertiary indicators. This approach essentially covers all performance indicators that off-road vehicles may encounter in real-world usage scenarios, avoiding the potential biases of traditional evaluation methods and providing consumers and the industry with a more complete and in-depth understanding of vehicle performance. Furthermore, the evaluation items and indicators are based on professional theories such as vehicle engineering and dynamics, combined with actual off-road conditions and driving needs, possessing rigorous scientific basis. A weighted scoring method is used to reasonably allocate weights according to the importance and impact of different evaluation items on the overall performance of the off-road vehicle, making the final evaluation results more scientific and objective in reflecting the true level of the vehicle, avoiding errors and inaccuracies that may be caused by simple average scoring. Finally, this application's off-road vehicle evaluation and grading method provides the off-road vehicle market with a unified and standardized evaluation and grading method, helping to regulate market order and reduce information confusion and differences in consumer perception caused by inconsistent evaluation standards. Consumers can more accurately compare the performance and advantages and disadvantages of different brands and models of off-road vehicles based on the evaluation and rating results of this invention, thereby making more informed car purchase decisions. At the same time, it can also encourage automakers to conduct product research and development and improvement in accordance with unified standards and market orientation, promote the healthy development of the off-road vehicle industry, and promote healthy competition in the market.

[0097] It should be noted that the sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0098] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus. The terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used to distinguish different objects, etc., and do not indicate a sequence, nor do they limit "first," "second," and "third" to different types.

[0099] In the description of the embodiments of this application, terms such as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0100] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more.

[0101] In some processes described in the embodiments of this application, multiple operations or steps are included in a specific order. However, it should be understood that these operations or steps may not be executed in the order they appear in the embodiments of this application, or they may be executed in parallel. The sequence number of the operation is only used to distinguish different operations, and the sequence number itself does not represent any execution order. In addition, these processes may include more or fewer operations, and these operations or steps may be executed sequentially or in parallel, and these operations or steps may be combined.

[0102] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above, and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0103] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating and grading off-road vehicles, characterized in that, The off-road vehicle evaluation and grading method includes: The test data set of the test vehicle is obtained by conducting basic off-road quality tests, terrain passability tests, off-road assist capability tests, off-road safety capability tests, and off-road handling capability tests. The basic off-road quality tests include: ground pressure test, slope driving test, and thrust-to-weight ratio test of different ground contact methods. The total score is calculated by weighting each data item in the test dataset to obtain the scores for the basic off-road skills test, terrain passability test, off-road assistance capability test, off-road safety capability test, and off-road handling capability test. The off-road capability level of the test vehicle is evaluated based on the scores of the basic off-road quality test and terrain passability test, and the safety and controllability level of the test vehicle is evaluated based on the scores of the off-road assistance capability test, off-road safety capability test and off-road handling capability test.

2. The off-road vehicle evaluation and grading method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ground pressure test of the vehicle under test includes: Record the wheel load parameters of each wheel of the vehicle during low-speed driving; Measure the actual ground contact area and the nominal ground contact area of ​​the tire, and calculate the ground contact pressure based on the wheel load parameters and the actual and nominal ground contact areas of the tire.

3. The off-road vehicle evaluation and grading method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hill-driving test performed on the vehicle under test includes: The test vehicle is driven sequentially up a standard slope at different preset angles by driving the single front wheels on the left and right sides of the vehicle in turn, and the distance traveled by the test vehicle is recorded when the wheels are about to leave the ground or slide on the slope. The slope driving index is calculated based on the driving distance parameters.

4. The off-road vehicle evaluation and grading method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thrust-to-weight ratio test of the vehicle under test with different landing methods includes: The vehicle under test is parked on the drive pulley assembly stand, and the drive pulley assembly stand is used to simulate the vehicle's extrication from difficult situations. Switch the vehicle under test to a mode that facilitates getting out of trouble and activate the differential lock function. At the same time, adjust the pulley group status of the drive pulley group test bench according to the selected working conditions, and connect the traction rope and traction gauge. Start the vehicle under test and slowly increase the accelerator pedal opening. Observe the wheel slippage and record the traction force change data. Select the average value after stabilization as the maximum traction force to calculate the thrust-to-weight ratio.

5. The off-road vehicle evaluation and grading method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The simulation of the vehicle's escaping difficulties using a drive-pull pulley test bench includes: The test bench uses a drive pulley system to simulate the vehicle's traction conditions, including all wheels on the ground, rear axle on the ground, front axle on the ground, cross axle on the ground, single front wheel on the ground, and single rear wheel on the ground.

6. The off-road vehicle evaluation and grading method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The test dataset is weighted and calculated using a weighted total score method to obtain scores for the basic off-road skills test, terrain passability test, off-road assistance capability test, off-road safety capability test, and off-road handling capability test. These scores include: The basic off-road capabilities of the vehicle under test are calculated based on its passability parameters, off-road traction parameters, and slope safety parameters. The terrain passability score of the vehicle under test is calculated based on its passage in different scenarios.

7. The off-road vehicle evaluation and grading method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The calculation of the basic off-road qualities of the vehicle under test based on its passability parameters, off-road traction parameters, and slope safety includes: obtaining the off-road traction parameters of the vehicle under test based on the ground pressure ratio test, slope driving test, and thrust-to-weight ratio of different ground contact methods.

8. The off-road vehicle evaluation and grading method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The terrain passability score of the test vehicle is calculated based on its performance in different scenarios, including: The terrain passability score of the vehicle under test is calculated based on its passage through vertical steps, horizontal ditches, wading pools, standard slopes, lateral slopes, ridges, ditches, craters, hard twisted roads, earthen twisted roads, hump bridges, double ramps, riverbed roads, log roads, and S-shaped side slopes.

9. An off-road vehicle testing and grading system, characterized in that, The off-road vehicle testing and grading system includes: The data testing module is used to perform basic off-road quality tests, terrain passability tests, off-road assistance capability tests, off-road safety capability tests, and off-road handling capability tests on the vehicle under test to obtain a set of test data for the vehicle under test. The basic off-road quality tests include: ground pressure test, slope driving test, and thrust-to-weight ratio test for different ground contact methods. The data processing module is used to perform weighted calculations on each data item in the test dataset to obtain the score for each test item by using a weighted total score calculation method. The comprehensive evaluation module is used to assess the off-road capability level of the vehicle under test based on the scores of the basic off-road quality test and terrain passability test, and to assess the safety and controllability level of the vehicle under test based on the scores of the off-road assistance capability test, off-road safety capability test and off-road handling capability test.

10. An off-road vehicle testing and grading device, characterized in that, The off-road vehicle testing and grading device includes a processor, a memory, and an off-road vehicle testing and grading program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein when the off-road vehicle testing and grading program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the off-road vehicle testing and grading method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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