Electric corrosion / fretting composite working condition electric contact fretting wear test device

Abstract

The invention provides an electric corrosion / fretting composite working condition electric contact fretting wear test device, and belongs to fretting wear test devices.The device comprises a test platform, a tangential loading assembly is arranged above the test platform, a normal loading assembly is further arranged above the test platform, a first insulating plate is arranged on the normal loading assembly, and a second insulating plate is arranged on the first insulating plate; the tangential loading assembly is connected with the normal loading assembly through a first insulating plate, one side of the normal loading assembly is provided with a fretting wear assembly, and the fretting wear assembly is arranged above the test platform. By adopting the electric corrosion / micro-motion composite working condition electric contact micro-motion wear test device disclosed by the invention, the current-carrying operation working condition of a switching electric appliance element capable of generating an electric arc in the working period in a vibration environment can be simulated, and the current, voltage and normal force between a contact and a sample are monitored; and the real-time current, voltage and normal force are transmitted to a data acquisition system for processing, so that the real-time contact resistance of the contact and the sample is measured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fretting wear testing devices, and in particular to a fretting wear testing device for electrical contact under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Electrical contacts, as a crucial element of electrical connections, play a vital role in power systems and electronic equipment. Structurally, electrical contacts are mainly classified into fixed, sliding, and detachable types. Detachable electrical contacts are widely found in various switching devices and relays. These components often generate electric arcs during operation. Under the influence of an electric arc, the local temperature of the contact point rises sharply, far exceeding the normal tolerance range of the material. This not only accelerates the thermal aging of the material but may also lead to local melting or even vaporization, severely affecting the reliability and stability of the electrical contact. Furthermore, arc discharge is often accompanied by fusion welding, where the contacts locally melt and bond together under the high temperature of the arc. This not only damages the normal function of the electrical contact but may also cause circuit faults or short circuits, posing potential hazards to equipment and systems.

[0003] Besides temperature rise and fusion welding, arc discharge also causes wear on electrical contact components. During arc discharge, the contact surface is subjected to intense erosion and corrosion, leading to material loss and changes in surface morphology. This wear not only reduces the conductivity of the electrical contact but can also cause problems such as poor contact and increased contact resistance, further affecting the accuracy and service life of the equipment. In the electrical field, especially in vibration environments, the combined effect of arc discharge and fretting wear is even more significant. Vibration environments may originate from external mechanical vibrations, alternating thermal expansion, or alternating currents, all of which can cause minute relative movements between electrical contact components, i.e., electrical contact fretting. Electrical contact fretting not only exacerbates the corrosive effect of arc discharge on materials but also introduces additional mechanical wear, posing a more severe challenge to the reliability and service life of electrical contact components. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a test device for electrical contact fretting wear under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions. This device can simulate the current-carrying operation of switching electrical components that generate electric arcs under vibration environments. It monitors the current, voltage, and normal force between the contact and the sample, and transmits the real-time current, voltage, and normal force to a data acquisition system for processing. This enables the measurement of the real-time contact resistance between the contact and the sample, providing a powerful tool for the wear study of electrical contact components. This is of great significance for improving the reliability of related equipment and extending its service life.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a test device for electrical contact fretting wear under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions, comprising a test platform, a tangential loading component disposed above the test platform, a normal loading component disposed above the test platform, a first insulating plate disposed on the normal loading component, the tangential loading component being connected to the normal loading component through the first insulating plate, and a fretting wear component disposed on one side of the normal loading component, the fretting wear component being disposed above the test platform.

[0006] Preferably, the tangential loading assembly is provided with a drive motor and a tangential displacement loading plate. The drive motor is provided with an output shaft connected to the tangential displacement loading plate. A first linear guide rail is provided below the tangential displacement loading plate, and a second linear guide rail is also provided below the tangential displacement loading plate. A grating ruler is provided inside the first linear guide rail. A grating ruler reading head is provided at one end of the grating ruler, and the output end of the grating ruler is connected to the grating ruler reading head.

[0007] Preferably, the first linear guide rail is parallel to the second linear guide rail, a first connecting plate is provided below the grating ruler, the drive motor is fixed on the first connecting plate, a motor base plate is provided below the first connecting plate, a second connecting plate is provided on one side of the drive motor, and the drive motor is connected to the motor base plate through the second connecting plate.

[0008] Preferably, the normal loading assembly is further provided with a differential stage located above the first insulating plate, a first bracket is provided above the differential stage, a third connecting plate is provided at one end of the first bracket, a second bracket is provided above the third connecting plate, a coil for attracting the armature is provided above the second bracket, a loading lever is provided at one end of the armature, one end of the loading lever is connected to the armature, a spring is provided at the other end of the loading lever, one end of the spring is connected to the loading lever, and the other end of the spring is connected to a contact.

[0009] Preferably, a micrometer head bracket is provided above the third connecting plate, a micrometer head is provided on one side of the micrometer head bracket, a through hole is provided above the micrometer head bracket to connect with the micrometer head, a first spring rod is provided at one end of the micrometer head, a spring is provided at the other end of the first spring rod, the first spring rod is connected to the spring, and a second spring rod is provided at the other end of the spring, the second spring rod is fixed to the loading lever by a nut.

[0010] Preferably, the upper end of the first bracket is provided with a first threaded hole, and a buffer screw is installed in the first threaded hole.

[0011] Preferably, the micro-motion wear assembly is provided with a base, and a bracket is provided above the base. A second insulating plate is provided at one end of the bracket, a force sensor is provided at the other end of the second insulating plate, a third insulating plate is provided at the other end of the force sensor, and a lower sample clamp is provided at the other end of the third insulating plate. The bracket is connected to the second insulating plate, the second insulating plate is connected to the force sensor, the force sensor is connected to the third insulating plate, and the third insulating plate is connected to the lower sample clamp.

[0012] Preferably, the other end of the bracket is connected to the micrometer head.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the lower sample holder is provided with a second threaded hole.

[0014] Therefore, the present invention employs the aforementioned electrical contact fretting wear testing device under combined electro-erosion / fretting conditions, with the following technical advantages: This device can simulate the current-carrying operation of switching electrical components that generate electric arcs under vibration environments during operation. It monitors the current, voltage, and normal force between the contact and the sample in real time and transmits the real-time data to a data acquisition system for processing. Furthermore, this device can also measure the real-time contact resistance between the contact and the sample, thereby accurately assessing the fretting wear of the electrical contact. This provides a powerful tool for the wear research of electrical contact components and is of great significance for improving the reliability of related equipment and extending its service life. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of an electrical contact fretting wear test device under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tangential loading component structure of an electrical contact fretting wear test device under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the normal loading component structure of an electrical contact fretting wear test device under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the micro-motion wear component structure of an electrical contact micro-motion wear test device under combined electrical erosion / micro-motion conditions according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure Labels 1. Test platform; 2. Tangential loading assembly; 3. Normal loading assembly; 4. Fretting wear assembly; 5. Drive motor; 6. Tangential displacement loading plate; 7. First linear guide rail; 8. Second linear guide rail; 9. Grating ruler; 10. Grating ruler reading head; 11. First connecting plate; 12. Motor base plate; 13. Second connecting plate; 14. First insulating plate; 15. Differential stage; 16. Third connecting plate; 17. First bracket; 18. Second bracket; 19. Coil; 20. Armature; 21. Loading lever; 22. Spring; 23. Differential head bracket; 24. Differential head; 25. First spring rod; 26. Spring; 27. Second spring rod; 28. Buffer screw; 29. ​​Base; 30. Bracket; 31. Second insulating plate; 32. Three-part force sensor; 33. Third insulating plate; 34. Lower sample fixture. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0019] Example 1 like Figures 1-4 As shown, an electrical contact fretting wear test device under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions includes a test platform 1, a tangential loading component 2, a normal loading component 3, and a fretting wear component 4. The tangential loading component 2 is disposed above the test platform 1 and is connected to the normal loading component 3 through a first insulating plate 14. The fretting wear component 4 is disposed on one side of the normal loading component 3 and is disposed above the test platform 1. The sample in the fretting wear component 4 is subjected to a combined reciprocating tangential and impact motion.

[0020] The tangential loading assembly 2 includes a drive motor 5, the output shaft of which is connected to the tangential displacement loading plate 6, converting the power of the drive motor 5 into a tangential loading force on the sample, thus achieving tangential loading of the sample. The bottom of the tangential displacement loading plate 6 is connected to a first linear guide rail 7 and a second linear guide rail 8, which are parallel to each other. Guided by the linear guide rails, the tangential displacement loading plate 6 moves linearly, ensuring precise application of the loading force. An optical grating ruler 9 is installed inside the first linear guide rail 7, and its output end is connected to an optical grating ruler reading head 10 for real-time monitoring of the loading plate's position, providing accurate position feedback.

[0021] The drive motor 5 is a voice coil motor, fixed on the first connecting plate 11, and connected to the motor base plate 12 via the second connecting plate 13. The voice coil motor features high frequency response and high precision, enabling it to better achieve the required micro-motion operation.

[0022] A cylindrical mounting groove is machined on the upper part of the motor base plate 12 near the voice coil motor to facilitate the installation of the voice coil motor. The voice coil motor is fixed to the first connecting plate 11, which is connected to the motor base plate 12. The first connecting plate 11 and the motor base plate 12 are L-shaped. Both the first connecting plate 11 and the motor base plate 12 are made of 316 stainless steel, which has high strength and toughness, can withstand greater pressure and impact, and is not easily deformed or broken. The tangential displacement loading plate 6 is made of lightweight aluminum alloy, which can reduce the influence of inertial forces.

[0023] The normal loading assembly 3 includes a first insulating plate 14, above which a differential stage 15 is disposed, capable of precisely controlling the contact spacing. Above the differential stage 15 are a first bracket 17 and a third connecting plate 16. Above the third connecting plate 16 is a second bracket 18, above which is a coil 19 capable of attracting an armature 20. One end of the armature 20 is connected to a loading lever 21 fixed to the third connecting plate 16 via a bearing. The other end of the loading lever 21 is connected to a spring 22, and the other end of the spring 22 is connected to a contact. The bearing is installed inside the boss, and its top passes through the loading lever 21 and is fixed to it with screws through a threaded hole. The loading lever 21 is fitted onto the bearing, supporting its rotation around that position as a fulcrum. With the fulcrum as the dividing point, both ends of the loading lever 21 are threadedly connected to the spring 22 and the armature 20, respectively.

[0024] A micrometer head bracket 23 is provided above the third connecting plate 16. The third connecting plate 16 has a boss design, and both the second bracket 18 and the micrometer head bracket 23 are mounted on the boss. The second bracket 18 has a threaded hole on its side and is connected to the boss. The first bracket 17, located above the micrometer platform 15, has a threaded hole on its side and is connected to the third connecting plate 16. The upper end of the first bracket 17 has a threaded hole and a buffer screw 28 for buffering the spring plate 22. The upper end of the micrometer head bracket 23 is connected to the micrometer head 24 through a through hole. One end of the micrometer head 24 is connected to a first spring rod 25, the other end of the first spring rod 25 is connected to a spring 26, and the other end of the spring 26 is connected to a second spring rod 27. The second spring rod 27 is fixed to the loading lever 21 by a nut.

[0025] The fretting wear assembly 4 includes a base 29, with a bracket 30 mounted on top of the base 29. One end of the bracket 30 is connected to a second insulating plate 31, and the other end of the second insulating plate 31 is connected to a force sensor 32. The other end of the force sensor 32 is connected to a third insulating plate 33, and the other end of the third insulating plate 33 is connected to a lower sample clamp 34. To ensure that the lower sample and the contact point are precisely maintained at the same height, the threaded holes on the second insulating plate 31 for connection with the bracket 30 must be precisely machined according to the specific requirements of the actual application scenario. The second insulating plate 31 is not simply fixed to the bracket 30 with screws; a stepped structure is incorporated into the design of the bracket 30, allowing the second insulating plate 31 to be securely placed on the steps during installation, thus providing additional stability and support. The other end of the micrometer head 24 passes through the bracket 30. This layout not only ensures accurate signal transmission but also effectively utilizes the structural features of the bracket 30, maximizing space utilization.

[0026] The core of this invention lies in its unique driving and loading mechanism. By employing a high-frequency, high-precision voice coil motor, the tangential displacement loading plate 6 is driven to reciprocate tangentially in the horizontal direction. This process not only simulates the dynamic tangential force in actual working conditions but also ensures the smoothness and controllability of the motion. The tangential displacement loading plate 6 is made of lightweight aluminum alloy, effectively reducing the influence of inertial forces during the motion and further improving the accuracy and stability of the experiment. To achieve the punching / cutting composite motion, this invention introduces a combination design of a differential head 24, a spring 26, and a loading lever 21. The differential head 24 precisely adjusts the tension of the spring 26, thereby controlling the rotation angle of the loading lever 21 and generating a normal impact force. This design not only achieves precise application of the impact force but also, through the simulation of the punching / cutting composite motion, more realistically reproduces the force state of electrical connection components such as relay contacts under actual working conditions. For data acquisition, this invention employs a high-precision three-part force sensor 32, which can comprehensively measure the force on an object in any direction. The integrated acquisition system collects and processes this data in real time, providing a solid data foundation for subsequent experimental analysis and performance evaluation. Furthermore, this invention offers high flexibility and adjustability. By adjusting the distance between the contact point and the lower sample using the differential stage 15, and by precisely controlling the loading frequency and displacement amplitude of the voice coil motor using the motor control system, the test conditions can be flexibly set according to actual needs. This design not only meets the testing requirements of different types of samples but also improves the applicability and practicality of the test.

[0027] During the experiment, a energized wire was connected to the lower sample clamp 34 and the spring 22. The energization and de-energization of the coil 19 simulated the opening and closing states of the relay contacts. An electric arc was generated during the reciprocating opening and closing process between the contacts and the lower sample, thus achieving electrical contact fretting wear under a combined electro-erosion and fretting condition. During this process, the current, voltage, and normal force between the contacts and the sample were monitored in real time, and the real-time data was transmitted to a data acquisition system for processing and analysis.

[0028] Therefore, the present invention employs the aforementioned electrical contact fretting wear test device under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions. Through highly integrated design and a precise control system, the present invention achieves accurate simulation and data acquisition of electrical contact fretting wear behavior under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions, providing a powerful tool for wear research of electrical contact components and having significant implications for improving the reliability of related equipment and extending its service life.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for electrical contact fretting wear under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions, characterized in that, The device includes a test platform, a tangential loading component and a normal loading component, a first insulating plate on the normal loading component, the tangential loading component being connected to the normal loading component via the first insulating plate, and a fretting wear component on one side of the normal loading component, the fretting wear component being positioned above the test platform.

2. The electrical contact fretting wear testing device under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tangential loading assembly is equipped with a drive motor and a tangential displacement loading plate. The drive motor has an output shaft connected to the tangential displacement loading plate. A first linear guide rail is located below the tangential displacement loading plate, and a second linear guide rail is also located below the tangential displacement loading plate. A grating ruler is located inside the first linear guide rail. A grating ruler reading head is located at one end of the grating ruler, and the output end of the grating ruler is connected to the grating ruler reading head.

3. The electrical contact fretting wear testing device under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first linear guide rail is parallel to the second linear guide rail. A first connecting plate is provided below the grating ruler. The drive motor is fixed on the first connecting plate. A motor base plate is provided below the first connecting plate. A second connecting plate is provided on one side of the drive motor. The drive motor is connected to the motor base plate through the second connecting plate.

4. The electrical contact fretting wear testing device under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The normal loading assembly is further provided with a differential stage located above the first insulating plate. A first bracket is provided above the differential stage. A third connecting plate is provided at one end of the first bracket. A second bracket is provided above the third connecting plate. A coil for attracting an armature is provided above the second bracket. A loading lever is provided at one end of the armature. One end of the loading lever is connected to the armature. A spring is provided at the other end of the loading lever. One end of the spring is connected to the loading lever. The other end of the spring is connected to a contact.

5. The electrical contact fretting wear testing device under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that, A micrometer head bracket is provided above the third connecting plate. A micrometer head is provided on one side of the micrometer head bracket. A through hole is provided above the micrometer head bracket to connect with the micrometer head. A first spring rod is provided at one end of the micrometer head. A spring is provided at the other end of the first spring rod. The first spring rod is connected to the spring. A second spring rod is provided at the other end of the spring. The second spring rod is fixed to the loading lever by a nut.

6. The electrical contact fretting wear testing device under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first bracket has a first threaded hole at its upper end, and a buffer screw is installed in the first threaded hole.

7. The electrical contact fretting wear testing device under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micro-motion wear assembly is provided with a base, and a bracket is provided above the base. A second insulating plate is provided at one end of the bracket, a force sensor is provided at the other end of the second insulating plate, a third insulating plate is provided at the other end of the force sensor, and a lower sample clamp is provided at the other end of the third insulating plate. The bracket is connected to the second insulating plate, the second insulating plate is connected to the force sensor, the force sensor is connected to the third insulating plate, and the third insulating plate is connected to the lower sample clamp.

8. The electrical contact fretting wear test device under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions according to claim 7, wherein the other end of the bracket is connected to the differential head.

9. The electrical contact fretting wear test device under combined electrical erosion / fretting conditions according to claim 7, wherein one end of the lower sample clamp is provided with a second threaded hole.

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