Automatic treatment device for heavy metal detection samples of agricultural products

Abstract

The invention discloses an agricultural product heavy metal detection sample automatic treatment device which comprises a base and is characterized in that a pretreatment tank and a reaction tank are arranged on the upper side of the base, a connecting hinged support is arranged on the upper side of the pretreatment tank, the connecting hinged support is rotationally connected with a top cover, a partition plate is arranged on the lower portion in the pretreatment tank, and a first driving part is arranged below the partition plate; the driving end of the first driving part is connected with a rotating shaft, a collecting hopper is arranged on the upper portion in the pretreatment tank, the upper side of the rotating shaft penetrates through the partition plate and extends into the collecting hopper, and the lower side of the collecting hopper is connected with a conveying sleeve. And under the action of a second electric push rod, the downward pressing assembly is matched with a conical block and other structures, agricultural products can be fully smashed, juice is squeezed out, and the treatment efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heavy metal detection technology in agricultural products, specifically to an automatic sample processing device for heavy metal detection in agricultural products. Background Technology

[0002] Heavy metal pollution has become a major environmental problem facing global agriculture. Heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic enter the soil through industrial emissions, wastewater irrigation, and the overuse of pesticides and fertilizers, accumulating in agricultural products after being absorbed by crop roots. Taking my country as an example, preliminary small-scale surveys of key polluted areas show that although the rate of heavy metal contamination in agricultural products is controlled below 6%, soil heavy metal pollution still exhibits regional accumulation characteristics. After entering the human body through the food chain, heavy metals have long-term accumulation and biotoxicity. Cadmium can cause renal tubular dysfunction, leading to osteoporosis (such as the "Itai-itai disease" incident in Japan); lead damages the development of the nervous system in children, causing intellectual disability; mercury damages the central nervous system, causing motor incoordination; and arsenic is closely related to malignant tumors such as skin cancer and lung cancer.

[0003] In traditional techniques, the use of automated sample processing devices for heavy metal testing of agricultural products typically involves crushing the agricultural products to obtain their juice, adding heavy metal detection reagents to the juice, and then comparing the mixture with a colorimetric card to detect heavy metals. However, this process requires manual operation by testing personnel, resulting in high workload, low efficiency, and the risk of spillage that could harm the testing personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an automatic sample processing device for heavy metal detection in agricultural products, primarily targeting agricultural products that can yield juice, offering efficient and convenient processing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automatic sample processing device for heavy metal detection in agricultural products, comprising a base, characterized in that a pretreatment tank and a reaction tank are provided on the upper side of the base, a connecting hinge is provided on the upper side of the pretreatment tank, a top cover is rotatably connected to the connecting hinge, a partition is provided in the lower part of the pretreatment tank, a first driving member is provided below the partition, a rotating shaft is connected to the driving end of the first driving member, a collection hopper is provided in the upper part of the pretreatment tank, the upper side of the rotating shaft passes through the partition and extends into the collection hopper, and a conveying sleeve is connected to the lower side of the collection hopper;

[0006] The upper part of the rotating shaft is respectively provided with multiple sets of first crushing blades and second crushing blades, which are located inside the collecting hopper. The lower part of the rotating shaft is provided with spiral blades, which are located inside the conveying sleeve. The pretreatment tank of the partition and the conveying sleeve is provided with a support plate. The middle part of the support plate is provided with a conical block, through which the rotating shaft passes. The support plate is provided with evenly spaced through holes. The two sides of the pretreatment tank are provided with openings corresponding to the support plate. The pretreatment tank is covered with a sealing ring, which corresponds to the opening. A first electric push rod is provided below the opening, and the output end of the first electric push rod is connected to the lower side of the sealing ring.

[0007] A pressing component is sleeved on the outside of the conveying sleeve, a first connecting pipe is provided on one side of the pretreatment tank, a conveying pump is provided on the base, one side of the first connecting pipe is connected to the inlet of the conveying pump, and a second connecting pipe is connected to the outlet of the conveying pump.

[0008] A spray assembly is provided in the upper part of the reaction tank, a second driving component is provided on the top of the reaction tank, the driving end of the second driving component passes through the reaction tank and is connected to a stirring shaft, stirring blades are evenly arranged on the stirring shaft, a feeding hopper is provided on one side of the reaction tank, an annular heating layer is provided inside the reaction tank, and a drain pipe is provided on the lower side of the reaction tank.

[0009] In the above scheme: the pressing component includes an annular pressing block, the annular pressing block is sleeved on the outside of the conveying sleeve, the pretreatment tank is provided with strip-shaped through holes on both sides, the annular pressing block is provided with protrusions corresponding to the strip-shaped through holes on both sides, and one side of the protrusion extends out from the strip-shaped through hole;

[0010] The pretreatment tank is provided with a second electric push rod on both sides. The output end of the second electric push rod is connected to the protrusion. The lower side of the annular pressure block is provided with a conical groove corresponding to the conical block.

[0011] In the above scheme: the spray assembly includes a water distribution hood, the interior of the water distribution hood is hollow, a through hole is provided in the middle part of the water distribution hood, the stirring shaft passes through the through hole, the second connecting pipe passes through the reaction tank and communicates with the interior of the water distribution hood, and spray nozzles are evenly arranged on the lower side of the water distribution hood.

[0012] In the above scheme: a control device is provided on the base, and the control device is electrically connected to the first electric push rod, the second electric push rod, the first driving component, the second driving component, and the delivery pump, etc.

[0013] In the above scheme: a circular sealing block is provided on the upper side of the top cover.

[0014] In the above scheme: a vertically extending locking block is provided on the outer wall of the conveying sleeve, and a vertically extending locking groove is provided on the inner wall of the annular pressure block corresponding to the locking block, and the locking block and the locking groove are slidably connected.

[0015] In the above scheme: an observation port is provided on the lower side of the reaction vessel.

[0016] In the above scheme: a check valve is provided on the second connecting pipe, and control valves are provided on both the drain pipe and the dispensing hopper.

[0017] In the above scheme: a groove is provided on the outer side of the top cover, and a handle is rotatably connected inside the groove.

[0018] In the above scheme: the collecting hopper is set as an inverted cone shape.

[0019] The automatic sample processing device for heavy metal detection in agricultural products provided by this invention has the following advantages: A first driving component drives a rotating shaft to rotate, and the first and second pulverizing blades and spiral blades efficiently pulverize the agricultural products. The pulverized material is then conveyed through a conveying sleeve. A pressing component, under the action of a second electric push rod, in conjunction with a conical block and other structures, can fully pulverize and squeeze out the juice from the agricultural products, resulting in high processing efficiency. A conveying pump delivers the processed material to a reaction tank, where a spraying component evenly sprays the sample. The second driving component drives a stirring blade to agitate the sample, ensuring a complete reaction. The entire process is highly automated, reducing contact between personnel and reactants, ensuring the safety of testing personnel, and simultaneously making operation more convenient and improving detection efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the pretreatment tank of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the hopper of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the conveying sleeve and the annular pressure block of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cone-shaped block structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the annular pressure block structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the reaction vessel of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Base, 2. Pretreatment tank, 3. Connecting hinge, 4. Top cover, 5. First drive component, 6. Baffle plate, 7. Rotating shaft, 8. Collection hopper, 9. Conveying sleeve, 10. First crushing blade, 11. Second crushing blade, 12. Spiral blade, 13. Support plate, 14. Conical block, 15. Through hole, 16. Opening, 17. Sealing ring, 18. First electric push rod, 19. First connecting pipe, 20. Conveying pump. 21. Second connecting pipe; 22. Reaction vessel; 23. Second driving component; 24. Stirring shaft; 25. Stirring blade; 26. Feeding hopper; 27. Annular heating layer; 28. Drain pipe; 29. ​​Annular pressure block; 30. Protrusion; 31. Second electric push rod; 32. Water distribution cover; 33. Spray nozzle; 34. Control device; 35. Circular sealing block; 36. Observation port; 37. Check valve; 38. Control valve; 39. Handle. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1-8 An automatic sample processing device for heavy metal testing of agricultural products includes a base 1, on which a pretreatment tank 2 and a reaction tank 22 are arranged side by side. A connecting hinge 3 is provided on the upper side wall of the pretreatment tank 2, and a top cover 4 is rotatably connected to the connecting hinge 3. A circular sealing block 35 is provided inside the top cover 4, and a groove is provided on the outer side of the upper part of the top cover 4. A handle 39 is rotatably connected inside the groove. The top cover 4 matches the pretreatment tank 2 and is used to cover the pretreatment tank 2. A partition 6 is provided in the lower part of the pretreatment tank 2, and a first driving component 5 is provided below the partition 6. The driving end of the first driving component 5 is connected to a rotating shaft 7. A collecting hopper 8 is provided in the upper part of the pretreatment tank 2. The collecting hopper 8 is designed as an inverted cone. The upper side of the rotating shaft 7 passes through the partition 6 and extends into the collecting hopper 8. A conveying sleeve 9 is connected to the bottom side of the collecting hopper 8.

[0032] Multiple sets of first crushing blades 10 and second crushing blades 11 are respectively arranged from top to bottom on the upper part of the rotating shaft 7. The first crushing blades 10 and second crushing blades 11 are located inside the collecting hopper 8. A spiral blade 12 is arranged in the middle section of the rotating shaft 7. The spiral blade 12 is located inside the conveying sleeve 9. A bearing plate 13 is arranged inside the pretreatment tank 2 between the partition plate 6 and the conveying sleeve 9. A conical block 14 is arranged in the middle part of the bearing plate 13. The rotating shaft 7 passes through the conical block 14. Through holes 15 are evenly opened on the bearing plate 13. Openings 16 are arranged on both sides of the pretreatment tank 2 corresponding to the bearing plate 13. A sealing ring 17 is provided on the outer sleeve of the pretreatment tank 2. The sealing ring 17 corresponds to the opening 16. A first electric push rod 18 is arranged below the opening 16 on the outer wall of the pretreatment tank 2. The output end of the first electric push rod 18 is connected to the lower side of the sealing ring 17.

[0033] A pressing assembly is fitted onto the outer side of the conveying sleeve 9. The pressing assembly includes an annular pressing block 29, which is fitted onto the outer side of the conveying sleeve 9. Symmetrically arranged vertically extending strip-shaped through holes are provided on both sides of the pretreatment tank 2. Each side of the annular pressing block 29 has a protrusion 30 corresponding to one of the strip-shaped through holes, extending from the corresponding through hole. A vertically extending locking block is provided on the outer wall of the conveying sleeve 9, and a vertically extending locking groove is provided on the inner wall of the annular pressing block 29 corresponding to the locking block. The locking block and the locking groove are slidably connected. This increases the stability of the annular pressing block 29.

[0034] The pretreatment tank 2 is provided with a second electric push rod 31 on both sides. The output end of the second electric push rod 31 is connected to the protrusion 30. The annular pressure block 29 is provided with a conical groove corresponding to the conical block 14 on its lower side.

[0035] A first connecting pipe 19 is provided on the lower side of one side wall of the pretreatment tank 2. The first connecting pipe 19 is located between the partition plate 6 and the support plate 13. A transfer pump 20 is provided on the base 1. One side of the first connecting pipe 19 is connected to the inlet of the transfer pump 20, and the outlet of the transfer pump 20 is connected to a second connecting pipe 21. A check valve 37 is provided on the second connecting pipe 21. Control valves 38 are provided on both the drain pipe 28 and the feeding hopper 26.

[0036] A spray assembly is installed in the upper part of the reaction vessel 22. A second drive unit 23 is installed at the top of the reaction vessel 22. The drive end of the second drive unit 23 passes through the reaction vessel 22 and is connected to a stirring shaft 24. Stirring blades 25 are evenly arranged on the stirring shaft 24. A feeding hopper 26 is installed on one side of the reaction vessel 22. An annular heating layer 27 is installed inside the reaction vessel 22. A drain pipe 28 is installed on the lower side of the reaction vessel 22. An observation port 36 is installed on the lower side of the reaction vessel 22.

[0037] The spray assembly includes a water distribution cover 32, which is hollow inside. A through hole is provided in the middle part of the water distribution cover 32, through which the stirring shaft 24 passes. A second connecting pipe 21 passes through the reaction tank 22 and communicates with the inside of the water distribution cover 32. Spray nozzles 33 are evenly arranged on the lower side of the water distribution cover 32.

[0038] Before testing, the operator can open the top cover 4 using handle 39, then place the crop to be tested inside the collection hopper 8 on the upper side of the pretreatment tank 2, and close the top cover 4. A circular sealing block 35 is provided on the inner side of the top cover 4 to prevent external pollutants from entering the pretreatment tank 2 and affecting the test results. Then, the first drive unit 5 can be controlled to run, and multiple sets of first crushing blades 10 and second crushing blades 11 can be driven to rotate through the rotating shaft 7. The second crushing blades 11 are shorter to increase the crushing of the crop inside the conical collection hopper 8.

[0039] After crushing, the spiral blades 12 on the rotating shaft 7 push the crops down along the conveying sleeve 9 and fall onto the conical block 14. The crops then slide onto the top of the support plate 13. The design of the conical block 14 prevents the crops from accumulating and causing blockage in the conveying sleeve 9. Then, the second electric push rod 31 operates, which drives the annular pressing block 29 down along the strip-shaped through hole through the protrusion 30 to crush the crops on the support plate 13 and extract juice from the crops. The juice flows through the through hole 15 to the partition plate 6, while the remaining solids accumulate on the support plate 13. The annular pressing block 29 has a conical groove on its lower side that corresponds to the conical block 14, which prevents the annular pressing block 29 and the conical block 14 from interfering with each other.

[0040] After juicing is completed, the annular pressing block 29 can be reset, and the first electric push rod 18 can be operated, driving the sealing ring 17 to descend and exposing the opening 16. Then, the operator can remove the residue on the support plate 13 through the opening 16. Afterward, the delivery pump 20 can be operated to extract the extracted crop juice through the first connecting pipe 19. The selection of the delivery pump 20 can be adjusted according to the viscosity of the crop juice and the number of solid particles. Centrifugal pumps, gear pumps, and peristaltic pumps can be selected according to the usage requirements.

[0041] Subsequently, the delivery pump 20 delivers the juice into the water distribution hood 32 via the second connecting pipe 21, and then sprays it out through the spray nozzles on the lower side of the water distribution hood 32. Simultaneously, the required reactants, such as HNO3, HClO4, and H2SO4, are delivered into the reaction tank 22 via the feeding hopper 26. The annular heating layer 27 is also controlled to promote the reaction. Gas may be generated during this process; therefore, an exhaust port is provided on the top of the reaction tank 22, and a control valve is installed at the exhaust port. The exhaust port can be connected to a gas treatment device to prevent harmful gases from polluting the atmosphere.

[0042] Simultaneously, the operation of the second drive component 23 can be controlled, thereby driving the stirring blade 25 to rotate through the stirring shaft 24, so that the reactant and crop juice are fully mixed. An observation port 36 is provided on the lower side of the reaction tank 22 so that the operator can observe and detect the status. After the mixing is completed, the mixture can be discharged through the drain pipe 28.

[0043] A control device 34 is provided on the base 1. The control device 34 is electrically connected to the first electric push rod 18, the second electric push rod 31, the first drive component 5, the second drive component 23, and the delivery pump 20. The operator can control the operation of the above components through the control device 34. The connection methods between the control device 34 and the above components are all well known to those skilled in the art, and therefore will not be described in detail.

[0044] Check valve 37 prevents the backflow of crop juice and prevents gas leakage. Control valve 38 is installed on both the drain pipe 28 and the dispensing hopper 26, which can also prevent the leakage of harmful gases.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic sample processing device for heavy metal detection in agricultural products, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, The base (1) is provided with a pretreatment tank (2) and a reaction tank (22) on the upper side. The pretreatment tank (2) is provided with a connecting hinge (3) on the upper side. The connecting hinge (3) is rotatably connected to a top cover (4). The lower part of the pretreatment tank (2) is provided with a partition (6). The first driving member (5) is provided below the partition (6). The driving end of the first driving member (5) is connected to a rotating shaft (7). The upper part of the pretreatment tank (2) is provided with a collection hopper (8). The upper side of the rotating shaft (7) passes through the partition (6) and extends into the collection hopper (8). The lower side of the collection hopper (8) is connected to a conveying sleeve (9). The upper part of the rotating shaft (7) is provided with multiple sets of first crushing blades (10) and second crushing blades (11), which are located inside the collecting hopper (8). The lower part of the rotating shaft (7) is provided with spiral blades (12), which are located inside the conveying sleeve (9). The pretreatment tank (2) of the partition (6) and the conveying sleeve (9) is provided with a bearing plate (13), and the middle part of the bearing plate (13) is provided with a conical block (1). 4) The rotating shaft (7) passes through the conical block (14). The bearing plate (13) has holes (15) evenly distributed on it. The pretreatment tank (2) has openings (16) on both sides corresponding to the bearing plate (13). The pretreatment tank (2) is covered with a sealing ring (17). The sealing ring (17) corresponds to the opening (16). A first electric push rod (18) is provided on the lower side of the opening (16). The output end of the first electric push rod (18) is connected to the lower side of the sealing ring (17). The outer side of the conveying sleeve (9) is fitted with a pressing component, the first connecting pipe (19) is provided on one side of the pretreatment tank (2), the base (1) is provided with a conveying pump (20), one side of the first connecting pipe (19) is connected to the inlet of the conveying pump (20), and the outlet of the conveying pump (20) is connected to a second connecting pipe (21). A spray assembly is provided in the upper part of the reaction tank (22). A second driving component (23) is provided on the top of the reaction tank (22). The driving end of the second driving component (23) passes through the reaction tank (22) and is connected to a stirring shaft (24). Stirring blades (25) are evenly arranged on the stirring shaft (24). A feeding hopper (26) is provided on one side of the reaction tank (22). An annular heating layer (27) is provided inside the reaction tank (22). A drain pipe (28) is provided on the lower side of the reaction tank (22).

2. The automatic sample processing device for heavy metal detection in agricultural products according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing assembly includes an annular pressing block (29), which is sleeved on the outside of the conveying sleeve (9). Both sides of the pretreatment tank (2) are provided with strip-shaped through holes. Both sides of the annular pressing block (29) are provided with protrusions (30) corresponding to the strip-shaped through holes. One side of the protrusions (30) extends out from the strip-shaped through holes. The pretreatment tank (2) is provided with a second electric push rod (31) on both sides. The output end of the second electric push rod (31) is connected to the protrusion (30). The annular pressure block (29) has a conical groove on its lower side that corresponds to the conical block (14).

3. The automatic sample processing device for heavy metal detection in agricultural products according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spray assembly includes a water distribution hood (32), which is hollow inside. A through hole is provided in the middle part of the water distribution hood (32), and the stirring shaft (24) passes through the through hole. The second connecting pipe (21) passes through the reaction tank (22) and communicates with the inside of the water distribution hood (32). Spray nozzles (33) are evenly arranged on the lower side of the water distribution hood (32).

4. The automatic sample processing device for heavy metal detection in agricultural products according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base (1) is provided with a control device (34), which is electrically connected to the first electric push rod (18), the second electric push rod (31), the first drive member (5), the second drive member (23), and the delivery pump (20).

5. The automatic sample processing device for heavy metal detection in agricultural products according to claim 4, characterized in that, A circular sealing block (35) is provided on the upper side of the top cover (4).

6. The automatic sample processing device for heavy metal detection in agricultural products according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the conveying sleeve (9) is provided with a vertically extending locking block, and the inner wall of the annular pressure block (29) is provided with a vertically extending locking groove corresponding to the locking block, and the locking block and the locking groove are slidably connected.

7. The automatic sample processing device for heavy metal detection in agricultural products according to claim 6, characterized in that, An observation port (36) is provided on the lower side of the reaction vessel (22).

8. The automatic sample processing device for heavy metal detection in agricultural products according to claim 7, characterized in that, A check valve (37) is provided on the second connecting pipe (9), and control valves (38) are provided on the drain pipe (28) and the dispensing hopper (26).

9. The automatic sample processing device for heavy metal detection in agricultural products according to claim 8, characterized in that, The top cover (4) has a groove on its upper outer side, and a handle (39) is rotatably connected inside the groove.

10. The automatic sample processing device for heavy metal detection in agricultural products according to claim 9, characterized in that, The collecting hopper (8) is configured as an inverted cone.

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