Comprehensive electronic system based on commercial components

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive electronic system based on commercial components. The comprehensive electronic system comprises a far-end data concentrator and an integrated general core processing unit, the far-end data concentrator is used for collecting field information of various sensing execution devices on a controlled object, transmitting the field information back to the integrated general core processing unit, receiving an instruction generated by the integrated general core processing unit and executing the instruction; the integrated general core processing unit comprises a network switching unit and a general processing module; the network switching unit is used for transmitting field information collected by any remote data concentrator to any universal processing module, the universal processing module generates an instruction according to the field information, and the remote data concentrator transmits the generated instruction to any remote data concentrator; and information transmission is carried out between the far-end data concentrator and the integrated general core processing unit and in the integrated general core processing unit by adopting a TTE-based real-time bus. According to the invention, unified scheduling management, fault isolation and task dynamic reconstruction of the integrated electronic system can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of overall design of spacecraft electrical systems, and specifically relates to an integrated electronic system based on commercial components. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional launch vehicle electrical systems achieve dedicated functions by using separate individual devices, and then combine different dedicated devices to meet mission requirements. This leads to many problems, such as tight coupling between functions and hardware, low resource utilization, complex system structure, a large number of individual devices, and inconvenience in updating and maintenance.

[0003] Considering the future development needs of integrated electronic systems for launch vehicles, which require greater integration, networking, intelligence, and cost reduction, it is necessary to adopt key technologies such as a unified high-speed backbone network, core processing units, commercial off-the-shelf products, and standard interface modules to construct a system architecture characterized by distributed functional equipment, centralized resource logic, and partitioned task execution. This will form a comprehensive, open, and virtual computing environment that allows for unified scheduling and management of the integrated electronic system's computing, storage, and network resources, and possesses capabilities such as fault isolation and dynamic task reconfiguration. Therefore, an integrated electronic system needs to be proposed to meet these requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects and provide an integrated electronic system based on commercial components. This invention solves the technical problems of insufficient performance and functionality of existing discrete rocket-borne electronic system architectures and high costs caused by customized equipment. This invention can realize unified scheduling and management, fault isolation, and dynamic task reconfiguration of integrated electronic systems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A comprehensive electronic system based on commercially available components includes a remote data concentrator, an integrated general-purpose core processing unit, and a TTE-based real-time high-speed backbone network.

[0007] The remote data concentrators are distributed at different locations on the multi-stage launch vehicle to collect field information from various sensing and actuator devices on the multi-stage launch vehicle and transmit it back to the integrated general-purpose core processing unit. They also receive and execute the instructions generated by the integrated general-purpose core processing unit.

[0008] An integrated general-purpose core processing unit is deployed at each stage of a multi-stage launch vehicle. The integrated general-purpose core processing unit includes a network switching unit and a general-purpose processing module. The network switching unit is used to transmit field information collected by any remote data concentrator to any general-purpose processing module. The general-purpose processing module generates instructions based on the field information. The remote data concentrator transmits the instructions generated by the general-purpose processing module to any remote data concentrator. The general-purpose processing module is also used for the calculation and processing of tasks at each stage, and the network switching unit is also used for data exchange between stages.

[0009] Information transmission between the remote data concentrator and the integrated general-purpose core processing unit, as well as within the integrated general-purpose core processing unit, is carried out using a TTE-based real-time bus.

[0010] Furthermore, the general-purpose processing module has multiple virtualized partitions to execute corresponding computational processing tasks;

[0011] There is dynamic redundancy between general processing modules, between general processing modules, between network switching units, and between remote data concentrators.

[0012] Furthermore, the general-purpose processing module uses a 3U VPX standard board and adopts a PowerPC and FPGA computing architecture. The PowerPC processor is an NXP T2080, which runs the VxWorks653 embedded real-time partitioning operating system and has no less than 8 virtualization partitions. Each general-purpose processing module has 3 switching ports and communicates using the TTE protocol.

[0013] Furthermore, the network switching unit uses a 3U VPX standard board and adopts a PowerPC and FPGA architecture. The PowerPC processor is an NXP P2020 or CSP2020, and the FPGA is an XC7K325T or K325T. The network switching unit has clock synchronization and high-speed switching functions. The PowerPC processor manages the network switching unit, configuration table, network management protocol, and data loading / unloading protocol. The FPGA implements 8 switching ports, which communicate using the TTE protocol. Each port has a communication rate of 1Gbps and is used to communicate with general processing modules or remote data concentrators. The configuration mode is determined according to the specific task.

[0014] Furthermore, both the general-purpose processing module and the network switching unit provide various debugging interfaces, including JTAG, Ethernet, and serial ports.

[0015] Furthermore, the remote data concentrator adopts a PowerPC+FPGA architecture, integrates a dual-redundant TTE end system interface, and is compatible with RS422, RS485, RS23, and CAN bus communication interfaces.

[0016] Furthermore, the information transmitted within the integrated electronic system includes control information and management information. The control information is transmitted using the time-sensitive TT service based on the TTE bus, while the management information is transmitted using the BE service on the TTE bus.

[0017] Furthermore, including display and control equipment, the remote data concentrator transmits various instructions and data information to the ground display and control equipment via the TTE bus, enabling users to centrally manage, monitor, and control the equipment of the controlled object on the display and control equipment.

[0018] Furthermore, in the virtualized partition of the general processing module, an application partition can back up the contents of any application partition through task migration; a general processing module can back up the resources of any general processing module through migration, and the high availability of the system is achieved through N:1 backup, where N>1.

[0019] Furthermore, when business resources are insufficient, capacity can be expanded by increasing the number of virtualized partitions of the general processing module; when processing resources are insufficient, general processing modules can be added or replaced with higher-performance general processing modules.

[0020] When communication resources are insufficient, increase the network's communication bandwidth or increase the number of network switching units;

[0021] When more peripherals are needed, the remote data concentrator can be expanded according to the business usage scenario.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following advantages:

[0023] (1) The present invention can maximize the resource utilization of devices such as computers, networks, and I / O processors;

[0024] (2) This invention can achieve application expansion by increasing the number of corresponding application virtual partitions, the number of processors, and improving the network communication bandwidth;

[0025] (3) The present invention improves the reliability of the system by using the redundancy settings of virtualized partitions or remote data concentrators;

[0026] (4) By setting up a remote data concentrator, an integrated general core processing unit and a network switching board, the present invention can uniformly schedule and manage the computing resources, storage resources and network resources of the integrated electronic system, and has the ability to isolate faults and dynamically reconstruct tasks. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a comprehensive electronic system based on commercial components;

[0028] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a typical integrated electronic system architecture implementation scheme for a multi-stage launch vehicle;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated general-purpose core processing unit board.

[0030] Figure 4 This is an isometric view of the chassis integrating a general-purpose core processing unit; where (a) is the front and (b) is the back.

[0031] Figure 5 It is an interconnection topology diagram of integrated general-purpose core processing units;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a general processing module system;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a network switching unit system;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a remote data concentrator. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer and more apparent from the following detailed description.

[0036] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments. Although various aspects of embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0037] This invention discloses an integrated electronic system based on commercially available components, comprising:

[0038] The remote data concentrator is distributed at different locations on the controlled object. It is used to collect field information from various sensing and execution devices on the controlled object and transmit it back to the integrated general-purpose core processing unit. It receives instructions generated by the integrated general-purpose core processing unit and executes the corresponding instructions.

[0039] An integrated general-purpose core processing unit enables unified information interaction and computational processing, and controls remote data concentrators. Each integrated general-purpose core processing unit includes at least two network switching units and a general-purpose processing module. Each general-purpose processing module has multiple virtualized partitions to execute corresponding computational tasks. Each network switching unit can transmit field information collected by any remote data concentrator to any general-purpose processing module, and can transmit instructions generated by the general-purpose processing module to any remote data concentrator. Dynamic redundancy exists between general-purpose processing modules, between network switching units, and between remote data concentrators.

[0040] Information transmission between the remote data concentrator and the integrated general-purpose core processing unit, as well as within the integrated general-purpose core processing unit, is carried out using a TTE-based real-time bus.

[0041] Furthermore, the general-purpose processing module uses a 3U VPX standard board and adopts a PowerPC+FPGA computing architecture. The PowerPC processor is an NXP T2080, which runs the VxWorks653 embedded real-time partitioning operating system and has no less than 8 virtualized partitions. Each general-purpose processing module has 3 switching ports and communicates using the TTE protocol.

[0042] Furthermore, the network switching unit uses a 3U VPX standard board and adopts a PowerPC+FPGA architecture. The PowerPC processor is an NXP P2020 or CSP2020, and the FPGA is an XC7K325T or K325T. The network switching unit has clock synchronization and high-speed switching functions. The PowerPC processor manages the network switching unit, configuration table, network management protocol, and data loading / unloading protocol. The FPGA implements 8 switching ports, which communicate using the TTE protocol. Each port has a communication rate of 1Gbps and is used to communicate with general processing modules or remote data concentrators. The configuration mode is determined according to the specific task.

[0043] Furthermore, both the general-purpose processing module and the network switching unit provide various debugging interfaces, including JTAG, Ethernet, and serial ports.

[0044] Furthermore, the remote data concentrator adopts a PowerPC+FPGA architecture, integrates a dual-redundant TTE end system interface, and is compatible with RS422, RS485, RS23, and CAN bus communication interfaces.

[0045] Furthermore, the information transmitted within the integrated electronic system includes control information and management information. The control information is transmitted using the time-sensitive TT service based on the TTE bus, while the management information is transmitted using the BE service on the TTE bus.

[0046] Furthermore, the controlled object is the launch vehicle. Both the remote data concentrator and the integrated general-purpose core processing unit are deployed on the launch vehicle. The remote data concentrator is distributed in the required positions on the launch vehicle, and one integrated general-purpose core processing unit is deployed in each stage of the launch vehicle.

[0047] Furthermore, it also includes display and control equipment. The remote data concentrator transmits various instructions and data information to the ground display and control equipment via the TTE bus, enabling users to centrally manage, monitor, and control the equipment of the controlled object on the display and control equipment.

[0048] This invention maximizes resource utilization:

[0049] a) Computer (Integrated General-Purpose Core Processing Unit): From multiple dedicated computers to a single general-purpose resource-sharing computer; b) Network (TTE-based real-time high-speed backbone network): From multiple proprietary low-speed buses to a high-speed unified network; c) IO processor (Remote Data Concentrator): From proprietary controllers and IO processors distributed in multiple locations to a single general-purpose, unified RIU device.

[0050] The invention has the ability to be dynamically deployed: it can support multiple applications such as radar, electronic warfare, and navigation and can be dynamically deployed.

[0051] The application of this invention is expandable:

[0052] a) Business Resources: When business resources are insufficient, capacity can be expanded by increasing the number of corresponding application virtual partitions. b) Processors: If processing resources are insufficient, more processing boards can be added or replaced with higher-performance ones. c) Network Communication: If communication resources are insufficient, network bandwidth can be increased or the number of switching boards can be increased. d) I / O Resources: If more external peripherals are needed, the RIU can be expanded according to the business usage scenario.

[0053] This invention achieves high reliability: any two application partitions in the virtualized partition of the general processing module are redundant, i.e., partition redundancy is achieved; the general processing modules are redundant; the switching boards are redundant, i.e., network redundancy is achieved; the remote data concentrators (RIUs) are redundant, and the high reliability of the system is achieved through layer-by-layer redundancy design.

[0054] This invention achieves high availability: In the virtualized partitions of a general-purpose processing module, the contents of any application partition can be backed up through task migration; similarly, the resources of any general-purpose processing module can be backed up through migration, achieving high system availability through N:1 backup. Example:

[0055] The present invention proposes an integrated electronic system based on commercially available components, which can be referred to as follows: Figure 1 The system is designed as a star-topology switching network and mainly consists of an integrated general-purpose processing unit (ICP), a remote data concentrator (RIU), and display and control equipment.

[0056] Specifically, the remote data concentrator (RIU) is distributed at different locations on the controlled object. It consists of an embedded system with a real-time operating system and serves as an interface between the onboard electromechanical equipment. It is used to collect field information from various sensing and actuation devices (including sensors, actuators, contactors, and power equipment) on the controlled object and transmit it back to the integrated general-purpose core processing unit or to receive and execute instructions generated by the integrated general-purpose core processing unit.

[0057] An integrated general-purpose core processing unit (ICP) is used for unified information exchange and computation processing, and to control the remote data concentrator (RIU). An ICP includes at least two network switching units (i.e., Figure 1 (interchange board) and general processing module (i.e.) Figure 1 Each network switching unit (CSU) can interact with any remote data concentrator or any general-purpose processing module. That is, the remote data concentrator can transmit the collected field information to any network switching unit, the network switching unit can transmit the received field information to any general-purpose processing module, the general-purpose processing module can transmit the generated instructions to any network switching unit, and the network switching unit can transmit the received instructions to any remote data concentrator, with mutual dynamic redundancy.

[0058] Information transmission between the remote data concentrator and the integrated general-purpose core processing unit, as well as within the integrated general-purpose core processing unit, is carried out using a real-time bus based on TTE. Specifically, the control network uses time-sensitive TT service transmission based on the TTE bus, while the management network uses BE service transmission based on the TTE bus.

[0059] The display and control equipment is equipped with the TSCE core application. The RIU transmits various instructions and data information to the ground display and control equipment through the TTE bus, enabling users to centrally manage, monitor and control the equipment of the controlled object on the display and control equipment.

[0060] Figure 2 An example of its application on a multi-stage rocket is presented. Each stage of the rocket is equipped with an ICP (Integrated Circuit Processor) (the switching board within the ICP is shown separately in the diagram for clarity of transmission relationships). Software and data are processed on the general-purpose processing module within the ICP. The processing board sends instructions to the switching board via the TTE network, and the switching board then forwards the instructions to a distributed remote data concentrator for execution. Simultaneously, instruction signals and data information are transmitted to ground display and control equipment via the TTE bus, allowing users to centrally manage, monitor, and control all rocket equipment.

[0061] The architecture proposed in this invention can be flexibly configured to meet the different mission requirements of launch vehicles or spacecraft. The following example, using three processing boards and three switching boards, illustrates the specific implementation of the integrated general-purpose core processing unit (ICP) and the remote data concentrator (RIU).

[0062] (1) Integrated general-purpose core processing unit (ICP)

[0063] The integrated general-purpose core processing unit has high-performance data processing and network communication capabilities, and adopts virtual machine technology to realize a shared resource pool, supporting system fault tolerance and reconfiguration.

[0064] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the Integrated General Purpose Core Processing Unit (ICP) consists of a chassis, three processing boards, three switching boards, an interface board, a power supply board, and chassis cards.

[0065] like Figure 4 As shown, the chassis is a 3U VPX heatsink chassis, which contains three 8-channel switch board slots, three high-performance processing board slots, one interface board slot, one 3U VPX power board slot, and one triple-redundant communication backplane.

[0066] System topology such as Figure 5 As shown, each processing board is interconnected with three switching boards (each with 8 Gigabit Ethernet ports) via Gigabit Ethernet, forming a triple-redundant communication network. The CPU debug Ethernet port and serial port of each processing board and switching board are routed through the backplane and then connected to the side connector of the chassis via a flexible cable for easy operation by personnel on the host computer. Each switching board is designed with one Gigabit Ethernet port, which is routed through the backplane and then connected to the side connector of the chassis via a flexible cable. Each switching board connects the remaining 4 Gigabit Ethernet ports to the interface board slots and leads them out through the front panel connectors of the interface board. The interconnection channels between the three processing boards are at least 2×GPIO.

[0067] 1) General processing module

[0068] The general processing module (i.e., the processing board) completes functions such as control management, health monitoring, data storage and fast query. The general processing module sends control commands through the high-speed bus to control the remote data concentrator RIU.

[0069] like Figure 6 As shown, the general-purpose processing module is a 3U VPX board with a PowerPC+FPGA architecture. It uses a high-performance PowerPC processor and runs the VxWorks653 embedded real-time partitioning operating system on the processor to create multiple virtual partitions. Various tasks run in the virtual partitions of the real-time operating system. The FPGA provides multiple TTE network switching ports. The general-purpose processing module provides various debugging interfaces such as JTAG, Ethernet, and serial ports, and has local configuration information scheduling and storage functions as well as local health management functions.

[0070] The specific technical specifications of the general processing module are as follows:

[0071] a.3U VPX single board;

[0072] b. PowerPC+FPGA architecture;

[0073] c. The processor is an NXP T2080, supporting 4 cores and 8 threads;

[0074] d. Supports VxWorks 653 operating system;

[0075] e. The number of virtualized partitions shall not be less than 8.

[0076] 2) Network switching unit

[0077] The network switching unit (i.e., the switching board) implements time-triggered Ethernet switching, using TTE as the communication backbone network to realize information interaction between ICP, RIU and display and control devices.

[0078] like Figure 7 As shown, the network switching unit is a 3U VPX board, employing a PowerPC+FPGA architecture. It features clock synchronization and high-speed switching capabilities, providing eight gigabit TTE network switching ports via the FPGA. Each port supports LED indicators, with six ports connected to the processing board via VPX connectors, and one port communicating externally via an aviation connector. The CPU manages the switching board, configuration tables, network management protocols, and data loading / unloading protocols. It provides multiple debugging interfaces, including JTAG, Ethernet, and serial ports.

[0079] The specific technical specifications of the network switching unit are as follows:

[0080] a.3U VPX architecture;

[0081] b. PowerPC+FPGA architecture;

[0082] c. The processor is either NXP's P2020 or a domestically produced CSP2020 (both are compatible).

[0083] d. The FPGA is an XC7K325T or a domestically produced K325T (both are compatible);

[0084] e. Supports 8-channel TTE network switching;

[0085] f. Transmission rate 1Gbps;

[0086] g. Supports transmission protection for multiple services including TT, RC, and BE.

[0087] (2) Remote Data Unit (RIU)

[0088] The remote data concentrator is responsible for collecting sensor information and sending it to the ICP (Integrated Circuit-Converter); it also converts control commands issued by the ICP into protocols and outputs them to the controlled object through a designated port. The remote data concentrator is a fundamental device in a distributed control system, representing the smallest computing unit at the grassroots level. It possesses powerful integrated functions including data acquisition, control, intelligent decision-making, health maintenance, communication transmission, and data storage. Installed at the control site of the controlled object, it is responsible for collecting data, controlling outputs according to control algorithms, monitoring and transmitting process quantities to the data management and scheduling center, and executing control and adjustment commands issued by the data management and scheduling center, thus realizing distributed data acquisition, distributed control, and centralized management functions.

[0089] like Figure 8 As shown, it adopts a PowerPC+FPGA architecture, integrates a dual-redundant TTE terminal system interface, is compatible with RS422, RS485, RS23 and CAN bus communication interfaces, and has digital and analog input and output functions.

[0090] The specific technical specifications of the remote data concentrator are as follows:

[0091] a. Integrated dual-redundant TTE terminal system interface;

[0092] b. Supports speeds of 100Mbps and 1000Mbps;

[0093] c. 16-channel isolated DI, 24V discrete input;

[0094] d. 16-channel isolated DO, 24V discrete output;

[0095] e. 4-channel CAN bus;

[0096] f. 8 serial ports, with interface compatibility with RS422 / RS485 / RS232;

[0097] g. 32-channel AD acquisition, 16-bit precision, acquisition range ±10V;

[0098] h. 16-channel DA output, 16-bit precision, output range ±10V.

[0099] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to specific embodiments and exemplary examples; however, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that various equivalent substitutions, modifications, or improvements can be made to the technical solutions and embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

[0100] The contents not described in detail in this specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A comprehensive electronic system based on commercially available components, characterized in that, It includes a remote data concentrator, an integrated general-purpose core processing unit, and a TTE-based real-time high-speed backbone network; The remote data concentrators are distributed at different locations on the multi-stage launch vehicle to collect field information from various sensing and actuator devices on the multi-stage launch vehicle and transmit it back to the integrated general-purpose core processing unit. They also receive and execute the instructions generated by the integrated general-purpose core processing unit. An integrated general-purpose core processing unit is deployed at each stage of a multi-stage launch vehicle. The integrated general-purpose core processing unit includes a network switching unit and a general-purpose processing module. The network switching unit is used to transmit field information collected by any remote data concentrator to any general-purpose processing module. The general-purpose processing module generates instructions based on the field information. The remote data concentrator transmits the instructions generated by the general-purpose processing module to any remote data concentrator. The general-purpose processing module is also used for the calculation and processing of tasks at each stage, and the network switching unit is also used for data exchange between stages. Information transmission between the remote data concentrator and the integrated general-purpose core processing unit, as well as within the integrated general-purpose core processing unit, is carried out using a real-time high-speed backbone network based on TTE.

2. The integrated electronic system based on commercial components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The general processing module has multiple virtualized partitions to execute corresponding computing tasks; There is dynamic redundancy between general processing modules, between general processing modules, between network switching units, and between remote data concentrators.

3. The integrated electronic system based on commercial components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The general-purpose processing module uses a 3U VPX standard board and adopts a PowerPC and FPGA computing architecture. The PowerPC processor is NXPT2080, which runs the VxWorks653 embedded real-time partitioning operating system and has no less than 8 virtualization partitions. Each general-purpose processing module has 3 switching ports and communicates using the TTE protocol.

4. The integrated electronic system based on commercial components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The network switching unit uses a 3U VPX standard board and adopts a PowerPC and FPGA architecture. The PowerPC processor is an NXP P2020 or CSP2020, and the FPGA is an XC7K325T or K325T. The network switching unit has clock synchronization and high-speed switching functions. The PowerPC processor manages the network switching unit, configuration table, network management protocol, and data loading / unloading protocol. The FPGA implements 8 switching ports, which communicate using the TTE protocol. Each port has a communication rate of 1Gbps and is used to communicate with general processing modules or remote data concentrators. The configuration mode is determined according to the specific task.

5. The integrated electronic system based on commercial components according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the general processing module and the network switching unit provide multiple debugging interfaces, including JTAG, Ethernet, and serial ports.

6. The integrated electronic system based on commercial components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The remote data concentrator adopts a PowerPC+FPGA architecture, integrates a dual-redundant TTE end system interface, and is compatible with RS422, RS485, RS23 and CAN bus communication interfaces.

7. The integrated electronic system based on commercial components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The information transmitted within the integrated electronic system includes control information and management information. Control information is transmitted using the time-sensitive TT service based on the TTE bus, while management information is transmitted using the BE service on the TTE bus.

8. The integrated electronic system based on commercial components according to claim 1, characterized in that, Including display and control equipment, the remote data concentrator transmits various instructions and data information to the ground display and control equipment via the TTE bus, enabling users to centrally manage, monitor and control the equipment of the controlled object on the display and control equipment.

9. A comprehensive electronic system based on commercial components according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the virtualized partitions of the general processing module, an application partition can back up the contents of any application partition by migrating tasks; a general processing module can back up the resources of any general processing module by migrating, and high availability of the system is achieved through N:1 backup, where N>1.

10. A comprehensive electronic system based on commercial components according to claim 2, characterized in that, When business resources are insufficient, the capacity can be expanded by increasing the number of virtualized partitions of the general processing module; when processing resources are insufficient, general processing modules can be added or replaced with higher-performance general processing modules. When communication resources are insufficient, increase the network's communication bandwidth or increase the number of network switching units; When more peripherals are needed, the remote data concentrator can be expanded according to the business usage scenario.

Images