Building energy consumption evaluation method and system based on building material transformation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and particularly provides a building energy consumption evaluation method and system based on building material renovation, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining geometric structure parameters and material thermal performance parameters of a target building and meteorological environment data of a region where the target building is located, and then calculating a current energy consumption value of the target building; after at least one material transformation scheme is determined, candidate transformation materials and performance parameters thereof are screened, and expected energy consumption values after implementation of all the material transformation schemes are calculated through the performance parameters; and comparing the expected energy consumption value of each material transformation scheme with the current energy consumption value, screening an optimal transformation scheme based on a comparison result, and outputting the expected energy consumption value of the optimal transformation scheme as an evaluation result. By comparing the expected energy consumption value of each material transformation scheme with the current energy consumption value and screening the optimal transformation scheme, the energy-saving effect quantitative evaluation of the building transformation scheme can be realized, and the problem of insufficient energy consumption evaluation of building transformation in the prior art is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of data processing, and more specifically, to a method and system for assessing building energy consumption based on building material modifications. Background Technology

[0002] Statistics show that energy consumption in the building sector accounts for a significant proportion of overall energy consumption, primarily stemming from energy use in heating, cooling, and ventilation. To achieve energy conservation and emission reduction goals and improve building energy efficiency, building energy consumption assessment methods have gradually become important tools in building energy conservation research and engineering practice.

[0003] Traditional building energy consumption assessment methods typically involve establishing a simplified building thermal model and combining it with meteorological environmental data to estimate the building's energy consumption under heating and cooling conditions. These methods primarily consider factors such as the heat transfer characteristics of the building envelope, indoor-outdoor temperature differences, and solar radiation, thereby enabling predictions of the overall building energy consumption level during the design or renovation phases.

[0004] Although building energy consumption can be assessed by combining thermal model calculations with meteorological data, existing methods are insufficient to accurately reflect the actual impact of different renovation materials on the overall building energy consumption when it comes to building renovation plans. The lack of comparison of the performance differences of candidate materials leads to a discrepancy between the assessment results and the actual effects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies in assessing energy consumption during building renovations, this application provides a method and system for assessing building energy consumption based on building material modifications.

[0006] Other features and advantages of this application will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part from practice of this application.

[0007] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a method for assessing building energy consumption based on building material modification is provided, comprising: acquiring geometric structural parameters, material thermal performance parameters, and meteorological environmental data of the target building; calculating the current energy consumption value of the target building based on the geometric structural parameters, the material thermal performance parameters, and the meteorological environmental data; determining at least one material modification scheme, and screening candidate modification materials and their performance parameters based on the material modification scheme, and calculating the expected energy consumption value after implementation of each material modification scheme using the performance parameters corresponding to the candidate modification materials; comparing the expected energy consumption value of each material modification scheme with the current energy consumption value, and selecting the optimal modification scheme based on the comparison result, and outputting the expected energy consumption value of the optimal modification scheme as the assessment result.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, based on the foregoing scheme, the step of obtaining the geometric structural parameters, material thermal performance parameters, and meteorological environmental data of the target building includes: scanning the target building with a laser ranging device to obtain geometric structural parameters, wherein the geometric structural parameters include outer contour dimensions, wall thickness, door and window dimensions, door and window orientation, and building height; obtaining the surface temperature distribution of the building envelope with an infrared thermal imager, and combining the surface temperature distribution with architectural drawings and material specifications to determine the thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient of the walls, insulation layer, doors and windows, and roof from a preset material database as material thermal performance parameters; and obtaining meteorological environmental data of the target building's location for the past three years from a meteorological database, wherein the meteorological environmental data includes hourly outdoor temperature and solar radiation intensity.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, based on the foregoing scheme, the step of calculating the current energy consumption value of the target building based on the geometric structural parameters, the material thermal performance parameters, and meteorological environmental data includes: calculating the area of ​​each building envelope in the target building according to the geometric structural parameters, obtaining indoor temperature and infiltration ventilation rate parameters, and calculating the heat transfer loss of each building envelope through the heat transfer coefficient of each building envelope in the material thermal performance parameters and the corresponding area, the hourly outdoor temperature in the meteorological environmental data, and the indoor temperature; calculating the hourly solar radiation gain according to the door and window orientation in the geometric structural parameters and the hourly solar radiation intensity in the meteorological environmental data; performing a heat balance calculation on the heat transfer loss, the hourly solar radiation gain, and the infiltration ventilation rate parameters to obtain the heating energy consumption and cooling energy consumption required by the target building during the heating and cooling seasons; and adding the heating energy consumption and the cooling energy consumption to obtain the current energy consumption value of the target building.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, based on the foregoing scheme, the formula for calculating the heat transfer loss is as follows: in, For heat transfer loss, The heat transfer coefficient is... For the area of ​​the enclosure structure, Indoor temperature, Outdoor temperature, For hours, For time intervals.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, based on the foregoing scheme, the step of performing heat balance calculations on the heat transfer loss, the hourly solar radiation heat gain, and the infiltration ventilation rate parameters to obtain the heating and cooling energy consumption required by the target building during the heating and cooling seasons, and adding the heating and cooling energy consumption to obtain the current energy consumption value of the target building, includes: setting a preset indoor temperature; when the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor set temperature, determining it as the heating season; calculating the difference between the total heat transfer loss at each moment during the heating season and the hourly solar radiation heat gain; and dividing the difference by the energy efficiency ratio of the heating equipment to obtain the heating energy consumption; when the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor set temperature, determining it as the cooling season; calculating the difference between the hourly solar radiation heat gain and the heat transfer loss at each moment during the cooling season; and dividing the difference by the energy efficiency ratio of the cooling equipment to obtain the cooling energy consumption value.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, based on the aforementioned scheme, the step of determining at least one material modification scheme, screening candidate modification materials and their performance parameters based on the material modification scheme, and calculating the expected energy consumption value after the implementation of each material modification scheme using the performance parameters corresponding to the candidate modification materials includes: constructing at least one material modification scheme according to single modification and multiple combination modification of exterior wall modification, door and window replacement, and roof modification; selecting insulation materials with a thermal conductivity lower than the current materials of the target building, energy-saving doors and windows with a heat transfer coefficient lower than the current doors and windows of the target building, and roof materials with a thermal resistance higher than the current materials of the target building as candidate modification materials from a preset material database based on the material modification scheme; using the thermal conductivity, heat transfer coefficient, and thermal resistance value of the candidate modification materials as performance parameters, calculating the heat transfer loss of each building envelope based on the performance parameters of each candidate modification material, and performing a heat balance calculation by combining the heat transfer loss with the hourly solar radiation heat gain and the indoor temperature to obtain the expected heating energy consumption and expected cooling energy consumption after the implementation of each material modification scheme; and adding the expected heating energy consumption and the expected cooling energy consumption to obtain the expected energy consumption value of each material modification scheme.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, based on the aforementioned scheme, the step of comparing the expected energy consumption value of each material modification scheme with the current energy consumption value, selecting the optimal modification scheme based on the comparison result, and outputting the expected energy consumption value of the optimal modification scheme as the evaluation result includes: calculating the difference between the expected energy consumption value of each material modification scheme and the current energy consumption value as the energy saving; dividing the energy saving by the current energy consumption value to obtain the energy saving rate; calculating the modification cost of each material modification scheme, and determining the investment payback period based on the energy saving and the modification cost; under the condition that the energy saving rate meets a preset threshold, selecting the scheme with the shortest investment payback period as the optimal modification scheme, and outputting the expected energy consumption value, energy saving, energy saving rate, and investment payback period corresponding to the optimal modification scheme as the evaluation result.

[0014] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a building energy consumption assessment system based on building material modification is provided, comprising: a data acquisition module for acquiring geometric structural parameters, material thermal performance parameters, and meteorological environmental data of the target building; a data calculation module for calculating the current energy consumption value of the target building based on the geometric structural parameters, the material thermal performance parameters, and the meteorological environmental data; a material screening module for determining at least one material modification scheme, screening candidate modification materials and their performance parameters based on the material modification scheme, and calculating the expected energy consumption value after implementation of each material modification scheme using the performance parameters corresponding to the candidate modification materials; and a scheme screening module for comparing the expected energy consumption value of each material modification scheme with the current energy consumption value, screening the optimal modification scheme based on the comparison result, and outputting the expected energy consumption value of the optimal modification scheme as the evaluation result. Compared with existing technologies, this application has the following advantages: by acquiring the geometric structural parameters, material thermal performance parameters, and meteorological environmental data of the target building, a complete basic dataset for building energy consumption calculation can be established; by calculating the current energy consumption value of the target building based on the above parameters, the energy consumption level of the building under its current use can be accurately reflected; by constructing at least one material modification scheme and calculating the expected energy consumption value in combination with the performance parameters of candidate modification materials, a quantitative comparison of different modification schemes can be made before the modification is implemented; finally, by comparing the expected energy consumption value of each material modification scheme with the current energy consumption value and selecting the optimal modification scheme, a quantitative evaluation of the energy-saving effect of the building modification scheme can be achieved, improving the problem of insufficient energy consumption assessment in building modification in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the building energy consumption assessment method based on building material modification provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 2This is a schematic block diagram of the building energy consumption assessment system based on building material modification provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10. Building energy consumption assessment system based on building material modification; 11. Acquisition module; 12. Data calculation module; 13. Material screening module; 14. Scheme screening module. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in a more comprehensive manner with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to these examples; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this application will be more comprehensive and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art.

[0018] Furthermore, the features, structures, or characteristics described in this application can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Numerous specific details are provided in the following description to provide a full understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that when implementing the technical solutions of this application, not all the detailed features in the embodiments may be used, one or more specific details may be omitted, or other methods, elements, devices, steps, etc., may be employed.

[0019] The block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are merely functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically independent entities. That is, these functional entities can be implemented in software, in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different network and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0020] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative and do not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor do they necessarily have to be performed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, while others can be combined or partially combined; therefore, the actual execution order may change depending on the specific circumstances.

[0021] It should be noted that "multiple" in this article refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Example 1: like Figure 1 As shown, this example provides a building energy consumption assessment method based on building material renovation. This assessment method can be used to compare and select the energy consumption effects of different renovation materials before designing building energy-saving renovations, thereby providing a scientific basis for building renovation decisions. Specifically, it includes the following steps S100 to S400.

[0024] Step S100: Obtain the geometric structural parameters, material thermal performance parameters, and meteorological environmental data of the target building.

[0025] The system acquires the geometric parameters of the target building, including its outer dimensions, wall thickness, door and window dimensions, door and window orientation, and building height, to characterize the overall geometric form of the target building. It also acquires the thermal performance parameters of the target building's materials, including the thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficients of the building envelope, such as walls, roof, insulation layer, doors, and windows, to reflect the thermal characteristics of each building component. Simultaneously, it acquires meteorological environmental data of the target building's location, including hourly outdoor temperature and solar radiation intensity, to characterize the impact of the external environment on the building's thermal performance.

[0026] The exterior of the target building can be scanned in three dimensions using a laser rangefinder to obtain geometric structural parameters; thermal performance parameters of materials can be obtained from a pre-set material database using an infrared thermal imager in conjunction with building material specifications; and meteorological environmental data from the past three years can be obtained through a meteorological data platform.

[0027] Step S200: Calculate the current energy consumption of the target building based on geometric structural parameters, material thermal performance parameters, and meteorological environmental data.

[0028] Using the wall area, roof area, and door and window area from the geometric structural parameters, combined with the heat transfer coefficient from the material thermal performance parameters, the heat transfer loss of each building envelope is calculated. Using the hourly outdoor temperature, humidity, and solar radiation intensity from meteorological environmental data, combined with the indoor set temperature, the heat balance during the heating and cooling seasons is calculated separately. By combining the calculation results for the heating and cooling seasons with the energy efficiency ratio of the equipment, the heating energy consumption and cooling energy consumption of the target building are obtained, and these are added together as the current energy consumption value of the target building.

[0029] If the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor set temperature, it is determined to be the heating season. The heat transfer loss of the walls and roof is calculated, and the solar radiation heat gain is deducted before dividing by the energy efficiency ratio of the heating equipment to obtain the heating energy consumption. If the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor set temperature, it is determined to be the cooling season. The heat load of solar radiation heat gain and indoor temperature is calculated, and the heat transfer loss of the building envelope is deducted before dividing by the energy efficiency ratio of the cooling equipment to obtain the cooling energy consumption.

[0030] Step S300: Determine at least one material modification scheme, and screen candidate modification materials and their performance parameters based on the material modification scheme. Calculate the expected energy consumption value after the implementation of each material modification scheme using the performance parameters corresponding to the candidate modification materials.

[0031] Based on the renovation needs of the target building, at least one material renovation scheme is constructed. The material renovation scheme includes single or multiple combined renovations of exterior wall renovation, door and window replacement, and roof renovation. In the material renovation scheme, candidate renovation materials that meet energy-saving requirements are selected from a preset material database. The performance parameters of the candidate renovation materials include thermal conductivity, heat transfer coefficient, and thermal resistance. The performance parameters of the candidate renovation materials are substituted into the energy consumption calculation process in step S200 to obtain the expected heating energy consumption and cooling energy consumption after the implementation of each material renovation scheme. The two are then added together to obtain the expected energy consumption value.

[0032] In the exterior wall renovation plan, a renovation material with a lower thermal conductivity than the original wall insulation layer can be selected to replace the existing material, and the heat transfer loss can be recalculated using the thermal conductivity of the new material, thereby calculating the expected energy consumption value after the renovation.

[0033] Step S400: Compare the expected energy consumption of each material modification scheme with the current energy consumption, and select the optimal modification scheme based on the comparison results, and output the expected energy consumption of the optimal modification scheme as the evaluation result.

[0034] The expected energy consumption value of each material modification scheme is calculated by comparing it with the current energy consumption value in step S200 to obtain the energy saving; based on the energy saving and the expected energy consumption value, each scheme is compared and the scheme with the most significant energy saving effect is selected as the optimal modification scheme; finally, the expected energy consumption value of the optimal modification scheme is output as the evaluation result.

[0035] When the expected energy consumption of the exterior wall renovation plan is reduced by 20% compared to the current energy consumption, while the door and window replacement plan only reduces it by 10%, the exterior wall renovation plan is selected as the optimal renovation plan, and its corresponding expected energy consumption is output as the evaluation result.

[0036] In this embodiment, a basic dataset for building energy consumption calculation is established by acquiring the geometric structural parameters, material thermal performance parameters, and meteorological environmental data of the target building. Then, based on the geometric structural parameters, material thermal performance parameters, and meteorological environmental data, the energy consumption value of the target building in its current state is calculated. On this basis, at least one material modification scheme is determined, and candidate modification materials and their performance parameters are screened based on the material modification scheme. The expected energy consumption value after the implementation of each material modification scheme is calculated using the performance parameters corresponding to the candidate modification materials. Finally, the expected energy consumption value of each material modification scheme is compared with the current energy consumption value, and the optimal modification scheme is selected based on the comparison results. The expected energy consumption value of the optimal modification scheme is output as the evaluation result.

[0037] This embodiment of the solution can scientifically calculate the energy consumption level of the target building under its current state, based on a full consideration of the target building's geometric structural parameters, material thermal performance parameters, and local meteorological environmental data. Furthermore, it predicts and compares the energy consumption of various material renovation schemes based on the performance parameters of candidate renovation materials, thereby achieving a quantitative assessment of the energy efficiency differences before and after the renovation. This addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies in assessing energy consumption during building renovations. It not only improves the accuracy of building energy consumption assessments but also assists users in selecting the optimal renovation scheme that meets both energy-saving and economic requirements, thus effectively enhancing the decision-making efficiency and practical application value of building energy-saving renovations.

[0038] Example 2: Specifically, steps S10 to S130 are preferably performed in step S100.

[0039] Step S110: Scan the target building using a laser ranging device to obtain geometric structural parameters, including outer contour dimensions, wall thickness, door and window dimensions, door and window orientation, and building height.

[0040] The target building is scanned point by point using a laser rangefinder, and point cloud data of the building's outer contour is generated using architectural 3D modeling software. This point cloud data is then converted into a 3D geometric model of the building, from which the outer contour dimensions, including the building's length, width, and height, are extracted. Simultaneously, the wall thickness, the height and width of doors and windows are measured, and the orientation of doors and windows is determined based on their location. All measured data are summarized into geometric structural parameters.

[0041] For example, in a three-story residential building, the point cloud data collected by laser ranging equipment, after processing, yields the following results: the building's outer outline is 15 meters long, 10 meters wide, and 9 meters high; the outer wall thickness is 0.35 meters; the window size is 1.5 meters × 1.2 meters, with the windows facing east and south respectively; the door height is 2.1 meters and the width is 0.9 meters.

[0042] Step S120: Obtain the surface temperature distribution of the building envelope using an infrared thermal imager. Combine the surface temperature distribution with the architectural drawings and material specifications, and determine the thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient of the walls, insulation layer, doors and windows, and roof from the preset material database as material thermal performance parameters.

[0043] Infrared thermal imagers are used to scan the exterior walls, doors, windows, and roof of a target building under conditions of significant indoor-outdoor temperature differences to obtain the surface temperature distribution of each building envelope. Combined with structural information from architectural drawings and material specifications, corresponding thermal performance parameters, including thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient, are matched against a pre-defined material database to obtain a complete set of material thermal performance parameters.

[0044] When the infrared thermal imager detected uneven temperature distribution on the surface of a wall, and the drawings showed that the wall was composed of concrete and an insulation layer, the database showed that the thermal conductivity of the concrete was 1.74 W / (m·K) and the heat transfer coefficient was 2.0 W / (m²·K); the thermal conductivity of the insulation layer was 0.04 W / (m·K) and the heat transfer coefficient was 0.3 W / (m²·K).

[0045] Step S130: Obtain meteorological environmental data for the past three years from the meteorological database for the area where the target building is located, wherein the meteorological environmental data includes hourly outdoor temperature and solar radiation intensity.

[0046] Connect to the meteorological data service interface to obtain meteorological environmental data for the past three years for the city or region where the target building is located, covering parameters such as hourly outdoor temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation intensity throughout the year. Through statistical analysis and cleaning of this data, a meteorological environmental dataset that meets the needs of building energy consumption calculations is generated.

[0047] For example, in the assessment of building renovation in Beijing, the meteorological database was consulted and a total of 26,280 meteorological environmental data points from 2021 to 2023 were obtained. Among them, the data for a certain moment were: outdoor temperature -5℃, relative humidity 60%, wind speed 2.5 m / s, and solar radiation intensity 220 W / m².

[0048] Specifically, steps S200 may preferably include steps S210 to S250.

[0049] Step S210: Calculate the area of ​​each building envelope in the target building based on the geometric structural parameters, obtain the indoor temperature and infiltration ventilation rate parameters, and calculate the heat transfer loss of each building envelope by using the heat transfer coefficient of each building envelope in the material thermal performance parameters and the corresponding area, the hourly outdoor temperature in the meteorological environment data and the indoor temperature.

[0050] The geometric dimensions of the building's exterior walls, doors, windows, and roof are calculated based on geometric structural parameters to obtain the area of ​​each building envelope. Simultaneously, indoor temperature is measured, and the building's infiltration ventilation rate is determined. Using the heat transfer coefficient from the material's thermal performance parameters, combined with the area of ​​the building envelope and the hourly outdoor and indoor temperature differences from meteorological data, the heat transfer loss of each building envelope at each moment is calculated.

[0051] The formula for calculating heat transfer loss is as follows: in, Heat transfer loss is expressed in watts (W). The heat transfer coefficient is expressed in W / (m²·K). The area is the area of ​​the enclosure structure, expressed in square meters (m²). This refers to the indoor temperature, expressed in degrees Celsius (°C). This refers to the outdoor temperature, expressed in degrees Celsius (°C). For hours, For time intervals.

[0052] If the exterior wall area of ​​a building is 180 m², the heat transfer coefficient is 2.0 W / (m²·K), the indoor temperature is 20℃, and the outdoor temperature is -5℃ at a certain moment, then the heat loss of the exterior wall at that moment is Q = 2.0 × 180 × (20 - (-5)) ×1 = 9000 W.

[0053] Step S220: Calculate the hourly solar radiation heat gain based on the door and window orientation in the geometric structural parameters and the hourly solar radiation intensity in the meteorological environment data.

[0054] Using information on the orientation of doors and windows and solar altitude angle parameters, combined with hourly solar radiation intensity from meteorological environmental data, the light-receiving area of ​​each door and window is calculated using a geometric projection method, and the hourly solar radiation heat gain is obtained based on the product of solar radiation intensity and light-receiving area.

[0055] If the area of ​​a south-facing window is 1.8 m², the solar radiation intensity at a certain moment is 300 W / m², and the incident angle coefficient is 0.85, then the solar radiation heat gain at that moment is 300 × 1.8 × 0.85 = 459 W.

[0056] Step S230: Set the indoor temperature. When the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, it is determined to be the heating season. Calculate the difference between the total heat loss at each moment during the heating season and the hourly solar radiation heat gain. Divide the difference by the energy efficiency ratio of the heating equipment to obtain the heating energy consumption.

[0057] The heating season is determined by comparing hourly meteorological data throughout the year with the indoor set temperature. During the heating season, heat transfer losses are calculated at each moment, and the hourly solar radiation gain is subtracted. This, combined with the indoor temperature maintenance requirements, yields the heat load difference. Dividing the heat load difference by the energy efficiency ratio of the heating equipment gives the heating energy consumption.

[0058] If the energy efficiency ratio of the heating equipment is 0.9, and the heat loss at a certain moment is 9000 W while the heat gain from solar radiation is 459 W, then the heating energy consumption at that moment is (9000 - 459) ÷ 0.9 ≈ 9489 W.

[0059] Step S240: When the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor set temperature, it is determined to be the cooling period. Calculate the difference between the hourly solar radiation heat gain and the heat transfer loss at each moment during the cooling period, and obtain the cooling energy consumption value by dividing the difference by the energy efficiency ratio of the cooling equipment.

[0060] The cooling period is determined by combining hourly meteorological environmental data. The superposition effect of hourly solar radiation heat gain and indoor temperature is calculated at each moment. The heat transfer loss at the corresponding moment is subtracted to obtain the cooling load difference. Dividing this difference by the energy efficiency ratio of the cooling equipment yields the cooling energy consumption value.

[0061] If the energy efficiency ratio of the refrigeration equipment is 3.0, and the heat gain from solar radiation at a certain moment is 1000 W, and the heat transfer loss is 500 W, then the refrigeration energy consumption at that moment is (1000 - 500) ÷ 3.0 = 166W.

[0062] Step S250: Add the heating energy consumption and the cooling energy consumption to obtain the current energy consumption value of the target building.

[0063] The heating energy consumption at all times during the heating season is accumulated, and the cooling energy consumption at all times during the cooling season is accumulated. Finally, the total heating energy consumption and the total cooling energy consumption are added together to obtain the annual energy consumption level of the target building, i.e., the current energy consumption value.

[0064] If the total energy consumption during the heating season is 20,000 kWh and the total energy consumption during the cooling season is 6,000 kWh, then the current energy consumption of the target building is 26,000 kWh.

[0065] Specifically, steps S300 may preferably include steps S310 to S340.

[0066] Step S310: Construct at least one material renovation scheme based on single renovations and multiple combined renovations of exterior wall renovation, door and window replacement, and roof renovation.

[0067] By analyzing the thermal performance of the existing building envelope, individual renovation schemes for exterior wall modification, door and window replacement, and roof modification are designed. These individual renovations can also be combined to form multiple combined renovation schemes. Each renovation scheme clearly defines the target of the renovation, the type of renovation, and the implementation sequence to ensure that the effects of each renovation scheme are accurately reflected when calculating expected energy consumption.

[0068] For example, for a three-story residential building, a solution could be designed to add an insulation layer to the exterior walls, replace the doors and windows with double-glazed low-emissivity glass, and add insulation panels to the roof. A combination solution could include simultaneously adding an insulation layer to the exterior walls and replacing the doors and windows, or implementing all three renovations at the same time.

[0069] Step S320: Based on the material modification plan, select insulation materials with a thermal conductivity lower than the current materials of the target building, energy-saving doors and windows with a heat transfer coefficient lower than the current doors and windows of the target building, and roofing materials with a thermal resistance higher than the current materials of the target building from the preset material database as candidate modification materials.

[0070] The material database retrieved data on all materials suitable for building renovation, and candidate materials meeting energy-saving targets were screened based on their performance parameters. These materials included wall insulation materials, door and window materials, and roofing materials. The screening criteria were as follows: the thermal conductivity of insulation materials must be lower than that of the original materials; the thermal conductivity of door and window materials must be lower than that of the original doors and windows; and the thermal resistance of roofing materials must be higher than that of the original roofing materials.

[0071] For example, if the thermal conductivity of the original exterior wall material of a building is 1.2 W / (m·K), polystyrene insulation board with a thermal conductivity of 0.045 W / (m·K) is selected as a candidate material from the database; if the thermal conductivity of the original doors and windows is 2.5 W / (m²·K), aluminum-clad wood energy-saving windows with a thermal conductivity of 1.3 W / (m²·K) are selected as candidate materials; and if the thermal resistance of the original roof is 0.5 m²·K / W, roof insulation board with a thermal resistance of 1.2 m²·K / W is selected as candidate material.

[0072] Step S330: Using the thermal conductivity, heat transfer coefficient and thermal resistance of the candidate modification materials as performance parameters, calculate the heat transfer loss of each building envelope based on the performance parameters of each candidate modification material, and perform heat balance calculation by combining the heat transfer loss with the hourly solar radiation heat gain and indoor temperature to obtain the expected heating energy consumption and expected cooling energy consumption after the implementation of each material modification scheme.

[0073] The thermal conductivity, heat transfer coefficient, and thermal resistance of the candidate modification materials selected in step S320 are used to recalculate the heat transfer loss of each building envelope under hourly meteorological conditions. Combined with the solar radiation heat gain and indoor temperature, the heating and cooling loads after the modification are calculated using the heat balance method, thereby obtaining the expected heating energy consumption and expected cooling energy consumption after the implementation of each material modification scheme.

[0074] For example, after the exterior wall renovation, the thermal conductivity of the new material is 0.045 W / (m·K). Combined with the wall area of ​​180 m² and the indoor-outdoor temperature difference of 20℃, the heat transfer loss is calculated to be 162 W. After the doors and windows are replaced, the heat transfer coefficient is 1.3 W / (m²·K), the window area is 10 m², and the heat transfer loss is 260 W. By balancing the hourly solar radiation heat of 460 W with the heat transfer loss, the heating energy consumption at that moment is (162 + 260 - 460) / energy efficiency ratio ≈ 0 W. The expected heating and cooling energy consumption for the whole year is obtained by summing up the energy consumption at each moment throughout the year.

[0075] Step S340: Add the expected heating energy consumption and the expected cooling energy consumption to obtain the expected energy consumption value of each material modification scheme.

[0076] The annual expected heating and cooling energy consumption of each material modification scheme calculated in step S330 are added together to obtain the total annual expected energy consumption value, which is used for subsequent scheme comparison and screening.

[0077] If a certain exterior wall renovation plan has an expected annual heating energy consumption of 18,000 kWh and an expected cooling energy consumption of 5,500 kWh, then the expected energy consumption of the plan is 23,500 kWh.

[0078] Specifically, steps S410 to 440 are preferably performed in step S400.

[0079] Step S410: Calculate the difference between the expected energy consumption value and the current energy consumption value of each material modification scheme, and use it as the energy saving value. Divide the energy saving value by the current energy consumption value to obtain the energy saving rate.

[0080] The current energy consumption value of the target building obtained in step S250 is compared with the expected energy consumption value of each material renovation scheme calculated in step S340 to obtain the energy saving and calculate the energy saving rate. The energy saving rate is the ratio of the energy saving to the current energy consumption value to quantify the renovation effect.

[0081] The current energy consumption is 26,000 kWh, and the expected energy consumption of a certain renovation plan is 23,500 kWh. Therefore, the energy saving is 2,500 kWh, and the energy saving rate is 2,500 ÷ 26,000 ≈ 9.6%.

[0082] Step S420: Calculate the renovation cost of each material renovation scheme, and determine the investment payback period based on the energy saving and renovation cost.

[0083] The total renovation cost is obtained by summing up the material costs, construction costs, and related equipment installation costs required for each renovation plan. Based on the energy savings calculated in step S410 and the local energy price, the investment payback period is calculated, which is the total renovation cost divided by the annual energy savings.

[0084] If the total cost of materials and construction for a certain project is 50,000 yuan, the local electricity price is 0.6 yuan / kWh, and the annual energy saving is 2,500 kWh, then the investment payback period is 50,000 ÷ (2,500 × 0.6) ≈ 33.3 years.

[0085] Step S430: Under the condition that the energy saving rate meets the preset threshold, the scheme with the shortest investment payback period is taken as the optimal renovation scheme, and the expected energy consumption value, energy saving, energy saving rate and investment payback period corresponding to the optimal renovation scheme are output as the evaluation results.

[0086] The various material modification schemes are screened. First, schemes with energy-saving rates lower than the preset threshold are eliminated. Then, the scheme with the shortest investment payback period is selected as the optimal modification scheme from the remaining schemes. The annual expected energy consumption, energy saving, energy saving rate and investment payback period of the scheme are output for decision-making reference.

[0087] For example, if the preset energy saving rate threshold is 5%, and after screening, the energy saving rates of both schemes are greater than 5%, with Scheme A having an investment payback period of 25 years and Scheme B having an investment payback period of 30 years, then Scheme A is selected as the optimal renovation scheme, with an output of its expected energy consumption of 23,500 kWh, energy saving of 2,500 kWh, energy saving rate of 9.6%, and investment payback period of 25 years.

[0088] In this second embodiment, precise geometric parameters of the target building are obtained, including its outer contour dimensions, wall thickness, door and window dimensions, door and window orientation, and building height. Combined with infrared thermal imager data of the surface temperature distribution of the building envelope, the thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficients of the walls, insulation layer, doors and windows, and roof are determined from a pre-set material database as material thermal performance parameters. Simultaneously, meteorological environmental data for the target building's location over the past three years are acquired to accurately calculate the building's current energy consumption. Based on this, individual and combined material renovation schemes for exterior wall modification, door and window replacement, and roof renovation are constructed. Insulation materials with lower thermal conductivity than existing wall materials, energy-saving doors and windows with lower heat transfer coefficients than existing doors and windows, and roof materials with higher thermal resistance than existing roof materials are selected from the material database as candidate renovation materials. The heat transfer loss of each building envelope is calculated using the performance parameters of the candidate materials, and a heat balance calculation is performed by combining hourly solar radiation gain with indoor temperature to obtain the expected heating and cooling energy consumption after implementing each renovation scheme. These two values ​​are then added together to obtain the expected annual energy consumption value. Further, the energy saving is obtained by calculating the difference between the expected energy consumption value and the current energy consumption value, and the energy saving rate is obtained by the ratio of the energy saving value to the current energy consumption value. At the same time, the renovation cost and investment payback period of each renovation scheme are calculated. Under the condition of meeting the preset threshold of energy saving rate, the scheme with the shortest investment payback period is selected as the optimal renovation scheme, and its expected energy consumption value, energy saving, energy saving rate and investment payback period are output.

[0089] Example 3: like Figure 2 As shown, this example also provides a building energy consumption assessment system 10 based on building material modification. The assessment system specifically includes a data acquisition module 11, a data calculation module 12, a material screening module 13, and a scheme screening module 14.

[0090] Data acquisition module 11 is mainly used to acquire the geometric structural parameters, material thermal performance parameters, and meteorological environmental data of the target building.

[0091] The data acquisition module 11 collects comprehensive parameters of the target building, including using laser ranging equipment to obtain geometric parameters such as the building's outer contour dimensions, wall thickness, door and window dimensions, door and window orientation, and building height; using an infrared thermal imager to obtain the surface temperature distribution of the building envelope; and combining this with architectural drawings and material specifications to determine the thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficients of the walls, insulation layer, doors, windows, and roof from a pre-set material database, thereby obtaining the thermal performance parameters of the materials. At the same time, it obtains meteorological environmental data such as hourly outdoor temperature and solar radiation intensity of the target building's location over the past three years from a meteorological database, thus achieving a comprehensive quantification of the building's operating environment and structural material characteristics.

[0092] Data calculation module 12 is mainly used to calculate the current energy consumption of the target building based on geometric structural parameters, material thermal performance parameters and meteorological environmental data.

[0093] In the data calculation module 12, the current energy consumption of the target building is accurately calculated by calculating the area and heat loss of each building envelope, combined with factors such as hourly solar radiation heat gain, indoor set temperature, heating and cooling period judgment, and energy efficiency ratio of heating and cooling equipment, so as to provide basic data for subsequent renovation plan evaluation.

[0094] The material screening module 13 is mainly used to determine at least one material modification scheme, and to screen candidate modification materials and their performance parameters based on the material modification scheme. The expected energy consumption value after the implementation of each material modification scheme is calculated using the performance parameters corresponding to the candidate modification materials.

[0095] In the material screening module 13, by constructing exterior wall renovation, door and window replacement, roof renovation and combined renovation schemes, the module screens the thermal conductivity of insulation materials lower than that of raw materials, the heat transfer coefficient of energy-saving doors and windows lower than that of existing doors and windows, and the thermal resistance of roof materials higher than that of existing roof materials from the material database. Based on the performance parameters of the candidate materials, the module performs hourly heat transfer loss and heat balance calculations to obtain the expected heating energy consumption and cooling energy consumption after the implementation of each material renovation scheme, thereby calculating the expected energy consumption value.

[0096] The scheme selection module 14 is mainly used to compare the expected energy consumption value of each material modification scheme with the current energy consumption value, and select the optimal modification scheme based on the comparison results, and output the expected energy consumption value of the optimal modification scheme as the evaluation result.

[0097] In the scheme selection module 14, the expected energy consumption value of each material renovation scheme is compared with the current energy consumption value to calculate the energy saving and energy saving rate. At the same time, the investment payback period is calculated in combination with the renovation cost of each scheme. The optimal renovation scheme is selected based on the criteria of meeting the preset threshold for energy saving rate and having the shortest investment payback period. The corresponding expected energy consumption value, energy saving, energy saving rate and investment payback period are output to realize the quantitative evaluation and decision guidance of building energy consumption renovation schemes.

[0098] In this embodiment, the interconnection of various modules enables a complete closed loop from building parameter acquisition, energy consumption calculation, material selection to scheme optimization. This not only improves the accuracy and efficiency of building energy consumption assessment, but also provides quantitative and feasible optimization suggestions for building material modification schemes.

[0099] It should be noted that although several modules or units of the system for executing actions have been mentioned in the detailed description above, this division is not mandatory. In fact, according to the embodiments of this application, the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above can be embodied in one module or unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one module or unit described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple modules or units.

[0100] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the exemplary embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of this application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, external hard drive, etc.) or on a network, including several instructions to cause an electronic device (such as a personal computer, server, touch terminal, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods according to the embodiments of this application.

[0101] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the embodiments disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein.

[0102] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for assessing building energy consumption based on building material modification, characterized in that, include: Obtain the geometric structural parameters, material thermal performance parameters, and meteorological environmental data of the target building and its location; Based on the geometric structural parameters, the thermal performance parameters of the materials, and meteorological environmental data, the current energy consumption value of the target building is calculated; Determine at least one material modification scheme, and screen candidate modification materials and their performance parameters based on the material modification scheme. Calculate the expected energy consumption value after the implementation of each material modification scheme using the performance parameters corresponding to the candidate modification materials. The expected energy consumption of each material modification scheme is compared with the current energy consumption, and the optimal modification scheme is selected based on the comparison results. The expected energy consumption of the optimal modification scheme is then output as the evaluation result.

2. The building energy consumption assessment method based on building material modification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of obtaining the geometric structural parameters, material thermal performance parameters, and meteorological environmental data of the target building include: The target building is scanned using a laser rangefinder to obtain geometric parameters, including the outer contour dimensions, wall thickness, door and window dimensions, door and window orientation, and building height. The surface temperature distribution of the building envelope is obtained by an infrared thermal imager. The surface temperature distribution is combined with the building drawings and material specifications to determine the thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient of the walls, insulation layer, doors and windows and roof from a preset material database, so as to serve as the thermal performance parameters of the materials. Meteorological environmental data for the past three years for the area where the target building is located are obtained from a meteorological database. The meteorological environmental data includes hourly outdoor temperature and solar radiation intensity.

3. The building energy consumption assessment method based on building material modification according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of calculating the current energy consumption value of the target building based on the geometric structural parameters, the material thermal performance parameters, and meteorological environmental data includes: The area of ​​each building envelope in the target building is calculated based on the geometric structural parameters. Indoor temperature and permeability exchange rate parameters are obtained. The heat transfer coefficient of each building envelope in the material thermal performance parameters and the corresponding area, the hourly outdoor temperature in the meteorological environmental data and the indoor temperature are used to calculate the heat transfer loss of each building envelope. Hourly solar radiation heat gain is calculated based on the door and window orientation in the geometric structural parameters and the hourly solar radiation intensity in the meteorological environment data. The heat transfer loss, the hourly solar radiation heat gain and the infiltration ventilation rate parameter are used to perform heat balance calculations to obtain the heating energy consumption and cooling energy consumption required by the target building during the heating and cooling seasons. The heating energy consumption and the cooling energy consumption are added together to obtain the current energy consumption value of the target building.

4. The building energy consumption assessment method based on building material modification according to claim 3, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the heat transfer loss is as follows: in, For heat transfer loss, The heat transfer coefficient is... For the area of ​​the enclosure structure, Indoor temperature, Outdoor temperature, For hours, For time intervals.

5. The building energy consumption assessment method based on building material modification according to claim 3, characterized in that, The step of performing heat balance calculations on the heat transfer loss, the hourly solar radiation heat gain, and the infiltration ventilation rate parameter to obtain the heating and cooling energy consumption required by the target building during the heating and cooling seasons, and adding the heating and cooling energy consumption to obtain the current energy consumption value of the target building, includes: The indoor temperature is preset. When the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, it is determined to be the heating season. The difference between the total heat loss at each moment during the heating season and the hourly solar radiation heat gain is calculated. The heating energy consumption is obtained by dividing the difference by the energy efficiency ratio of the heating equipment. When the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor set temperature, it is determined to be a cooling period. The difference between the hourly solar radiation heat gain and the heat transfer loss at each moment during the cooling period is calculated, and the cooling energy consumption value is obtained by dividing the difference by the energy efficiency ratio of the cooling equipment.

6. The building energy consumption assessment method based on building material modification according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steps of determining at least one material modification scheme, screening candidate modification materials and their performance parameters based on the material modification scheme, and calculating the expected energy consumption value after the implementation of each material modification scheme using the performance parameters corresponding to the candidate modification materials include: Construct at least one material renovation plan based on single renovations and multiple combined renovations of exterior wall renovation, door and window replacement, and roof renovation; Based on the material modification scheme, thermal insulation materials with a thermal conductivity lower than the current materials of the target building, energy-saving doors and windows with a heat transfer coefficient lower than the current doors and windows of the target building, and roofing materials with a thermal resistance higher than the current materials of the target building are selected from the preset material database as candidate modification materials. Using the thermal conductivity, heat transfer coefficient and thermal resistance of the candidate modification materials as performance parameters, the heat transfer loss of each building envelope is calculated based on the performance parameters of each candidate modification material. The heat transfer loss is combined with the hourly solar radiation heat gain and the indoor temperature to perform heat balance calculation, and the expected heating energy consumption and expected cooling energy consumption after the implementation of each material modification scheme are obtained. The expected heating energy consumption and the expected cooling energy consumption are added together to obtain the expected energy consumption value of each of the material modification schemes.

7. The building energy consumption assessment method based on building material modification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of comparing the expected energy consumption of each material modification scheme with the current energy consumption, selecting the optimal modification scheme based on the comparison results, and outputting the expected energy consumption of the optimal modification scheme as the evaluation result includes: Calculate the difference between the expected energy consumption value and the current energy consumption value of each of the aforementioned material modification schemes, and use the energy saving as the energy saving value. Divide the energy saving by the current energy consumption value to obtain the energy saving rate. Calculate the modification cost of each of the aforementioned material modification schemes, and determine the investment payback period based on the energy savings and the modification costs; Under the condition that the energy saving rate meets the preset threshold, the scheme with the shortest investment payback period is taken as the optimal renovation scheme, and the expected energy consumption value, energy saving, energy saving rate and investment payback period corresponding to the optimal renovation scheme are output as the evaluation result.

8. A building energy consumption assessment system based on building material modification, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the geometric structural parameters, material thermal performance parameters, and meteorological environmental data of the target building. The data calculation module is used to calculate the current energy consumption value of the target building based on the geometric structure parameters, the material thermal performance parameters, and meteorological environmental data. The material screening module is used to determine at least one material modification scheme, and to screen candidate modification materials and their performance parameters based on the material modification scheme, and to calculate the expected energy consumption value after the implementation of each material modification scheme using the performance parameters corresponding to the candidate modification materials. The scheme selection module is used to compare the expected energy consumption value of each material modification scheme with the current energy consumption value, and select the optimal modification scheme based on the comparison results, and output the expected energy consumption value of the optimal modification scheme as the evaluation result.

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