Gain compensation method based on temperature characteristics of power device

Abstract

The invention provides a gain compensation method based on temperature characteristics of a power device, and relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and the method comprises the following steps: 1, measuring gain change data of a power device link in a preset temperature range through a controllable environment temperature experiment, and fitting a gain-temperature curve; 2, integrating a high-precision temperature sensor, and monitoring the temperature of the environment where the power device is located in real time; 3, dynamically adjusting the output power of the transmitter according to the real-time temperature and the gain-temperature curve; 4, introducing a closed-loop verification mechanism to ensure the stability of the output power; and step 5, the gain-temperature curve is measured again at regular intervals, and automatic calibration and maintenance are carried out. The method is suitable for various power device application scenes needing temperature compensation, such as a 5G small base station and a vehicle-mounted wireless communication module, and has the advantages of high precision, real-time response and long-term stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, specifically to a gain compensation method based on the temperature characteristics of power devices. Background Technology

[0002] In wireless communication systems, the performance of power devices (such as power amplifiers) is significantly affected by ambient temperature. As the temperature rises or falls, the gain of power devices drifts, leading to unstable output power and consequently affecting communication quality. Traditional methods often employ hardware compensation, such as adding temperature compensation circuits or using temperature-sensitive components. However, these methods increase system complexity and cost, and have limited compensation accuracy and response speed.

[0003] In existing technologies, although there are attempts to perform temperature compensation through software algorithms, these often lack systematic experimental verification and closed-loop control mechanisms, resulting in poor compensation effects in practical applications and failing to meet the requirements for high-precision and high-stability communication. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the above problems, this invention provides a gain compensation method based on the temperature characteristics of power devices.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a gain compensation method based on the temperature characteristics of power devices, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Through controlled ambient temperature experiments, measure the gain change data of the power device link within a preset temperature range, and fit the gain-temperature curve;

[0007] Step 2: Integrate a high-precision temperature sensor to monitor the ambient temperature of the power devices in real time;

[0008] Step 3: Dynamically adjust the transmitter output power based on real-time temperature and gain-temperature curve;

[0009] Step 4: Introduce a closed-loop verification mechanism to ensure output power stability;

[0010] Step 5: Periodically remeasure the gain-temperature profile and perform automatic calibration maintenance.

[0011] Preferably, the controlled ambient temperature experiment uses a high and low temperature test chamber to construct an experimental environment ranging from -40℃ to +85℃, with a temperature step size of 5℃. After maintaining a stable temperature for 30 minutes at each temperature point, the link gain is measured.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature sensor is a digital integrated temperature sensor with a measurement range of -55℃ to +125℃ and an accuracy of ±0.5℃, and transmits data via I²C or SPI bus.

[0013] Preferably, the transmitter output power is dynamically adjusted as follows: Where K is the temperature compensation coefficient. For real-time temperature, The reference temperature is +25℃.

[0014] Preferably, the closed-loop verification mechanism collects the actual output power of the transmitter through a directional coupler, converts it into a digital signal by an ADC, and compares it with the calibrated power value. If the deviation exceeds the threshold, the compensation coefficient K is adjusted.

[0015] Preferably, automatic calibration maintenance includes: re-performing the temperature experiment, updating the gain-temperature curve, and conducting a 48-hour continuous aging test at room temperature every 2000 hours of operation or when the ambient temperature changes by more than 20°C.

[0016] Preferably, it is suitable for power devices that require temperature compensation to maintain output power stability, such as 5G small base stations, vehicle-mounted wireless communication modules, industrial IoT terminal equipment, and satellite communication ground stations.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] 1. Through controlled ambient temperature experiments, the gain variation data of the power device link within a preset temperature range is accurately measured, and a gain-temperature curve is fitted. Based on this curve, combined with real-time monitoring of the ambient temperature, the transmitter output power is dynamically adjusted, accurately compensating for gain drift caused by temperature changes. Compared with traditional hardware compensation methods, this avoids inaccurate compensation caused by differences in hardware component characteristics and aging, greatly improving the stability of output power and effectively ensuring wireless communication quality.

[0019] 2. The controlled ambient temperature experiment used a high and low temperature test chamber to construct an experimental environment ranging from -40℃ to +85℃, with a temperature step size of 5℃. After maintaining stability at each temperature point for 30 minutes, the link gain was measured. This meticulous experimental design can comprehensively and accurately obtain the gain changes of power devices at different temperatures, providing reliable data support for fitting an accurate gain-temperature curve and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent compensation operations.

[0020] 3. An integrated digital temperature sensor with a measurement range of -55℃ to +125℃ and an accuracy of ±0.5℃ is used to monitor the ambient temperature of power devices in real time and accurately. Data is transmitted via I²C or SPI bus, offering fast transmission speed and high stability. Temperature information is promptly fed back to the control system, enabling the system to quickly adjust based on real-time temperature changes and achieve rapid response to temperature variations, further improving the timeliness and effectiveness of compensation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of the gain compensation method based on the temperature characteristics of power devices proposed in this invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature change curve structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the technical means, creative features, achieved objectives, and effects of this invention readily understandable, the invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. However, the following embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this invention and not all embodiments. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described herein without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this invention.

[0025] Example 1: Reference Figures 1-2 The gain compensation method based on the temperature characteristics of power devices, as shown, includes the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: Through controlled ambient temperature experiments, measure the gain change data of the power device link within a preset temperature range, and fit the gain-temperature curve;

[0027] Step 2: Integrate a high-precision temperature sensor to monitor the ambient temperature of the power devices in real time;

[0028] Step 3: Dynamically adjust the transmitter output power based on real-time temperature and gain-temperature curve;

[0029] Step 4: Introduce a closed-loop verification mechanism to ensure output power stability;

[0030] Step 5: Periodically remeasure the gain-temperature profile and perform automatic calibration maintenance.

[0031] This embodiment utilizes a high and low temperature test chamber to construct a controllable environmental temperature experimental scenario. A preset temperature range (-40℃ to +85℃) is set, and the ambient temperature is gradually changed in a certain temperature step (5℃). After maintaining the ambient temperature stable for 30 minutes at each temperature point, the gain data of the power device link is measured using professional testing equipment. After collecting sufficient data, a gain-temperature curve is fitted using mathematical fitting methods. This curve reflects the law of power device gain change with temperature. A high-precision digital integrated temperature sensor is integrated at the location of the power device, which has a wide measurement range (-55℃ to +125℃) and high accuracy (±0.5℃). The sensor works continuously, sensing the temperature of the environment in which the power device is located in real time, and transmitting the temperature data quickly and stably to the subsequent processing module via I²C or SPI bus. After receiving real-time temperature data, the processing module, combined with the fitted gain-temperature curve from step one, calculates the required transmitter output power value based on a specific algorithm (based on the temperature compensation coefficient K and the relationship between the real-time temperature and the reference temperature (+25℃)). It then sends a control signal to the transmitter to dynamically adjust the output power to compensate for gain drift in the power devices caused by temperature changes. A closed-loop verification mechanism is introduced. The actual output power signal of the transmitter is acquired through a directional coupler. This analog signal is converted into a digital signal via an ADC (analog-to-digital converter), and then compared with a pre-set calibration power value. If the deviation exceeds a set threshold, the processing module automatically adjusts the temperature compensation coefficient K, recalculates and adjusts the transmitter output power based on the real-time temperature and the gain-temperature curve, forming a closed-loop control loop to ensure the output power remains stable within the set range. Automatic calibration and maintenance trigger conditions are set. Every 2000 hours of operation or when the ambient temperature changes by more than 20℃, the system automatically re-executes the temperature experiment from step one, re-measuring the gain change data of the power device link at different temperatures and updating the gain-temperature curve. After the update is completed, the power devices are subjected to a 48-hour continuous aging test at room temperature to verify the performance of the calibrated system and ensure its stability and reliability.

[0032] This embodiment obtains a precise gain-temperature curve through controlled ambient temperature experiments, providing a foundation for subsequent compensation; integrates a high-precision temperature sensor to achieve real-time temperature monitoring, ensuring timely response to temperature changes; dynamically adjusts the transmitter output power to directly compensate for gain drift; a closed-loop verification mechanism ensures the compensation effect and guarantees output power stability; periodic automatic calibration and maintenance adapt to changes in power device performance, maintaining high-precision compensation over the long term. Overall, it effectively solves the problem of unstable output power caused by temperature changes in power devices, improving the reliability and stability of the wireless communication system.

[0033] The controlled ambient temperature experiment used a high and low temperature test chamber to construct an experimental environment ranging from -40℃ to +85℃, with a temperature step size of 5℃. After maintaining a stable temperature for 30 minutes at each temperature point, the link gain was measured.

[0034] This embodiment constructs an environment ranging from -40℃ to +85℃, which can cover most of the actual temperature scenarios of power devices, making the experiment close to the real operating conditions and ensuring the reliability of the link gain data. The 5℃ step size can sample temperature changes in detail, obtain sufficient and uniform data points, and stabilize each temperature point for 30 minutes to stabilize the device performance, reduce measurement errors, and ensure data accuracy. This helps to fit a high-precision gain-temperature curve, providing a basis for accurate compensation of gain drift. It can also simulate various temperature changes to verify the effectiveness of the compensation strategy, which is convenient for optimization and adjustment to ensure stable output power.

[0035] The temperature sensor is a digital integrated temperature sensor with a measurement range of -55℃ to +125℃ and an accuracy of ±0.5℃. It transmits data via I²C or SPI bus.

[0036] This embodiment uses a digital integrated temperature sensor with a measurement range of -55℃ to +125℃ and an accuracy of ±0.5℃. It transmits data via I²C or SPI bus and plays a significant role in power device gain compensation: the wide measurement range can cover the extreme and normal temperatures that power devices may encounter, ensuring effective monitoring under various operating conditions; the high accuracy can accurately capture subtle temperature changes, providing a reliable basis for subsequent accurate compensation; the I²C or SPI bus data transmission method is stable and efficient, and can quickly transmit temperature data to the processing module, ensuring that the system responds to temperature changes in a timely manner to adjust the gain.

[0037] The transmitter output power is dynamically adjusted as follows: Where K is the temperature compensation coefficient. For real-time temperature, The reference temperature is +25℃.

[0038] In this embodiment, the gain of the power device (power amplifier) ​​drifts with changes in ambient temperature; the gain increases as the temperature rises and decreases as the temperature falls. The temperature compensation coefficient K is a parameter obtained through experimental measurement and fitting, reflecting the sensitivity of the power device gain to temperature changes. The difference (T−T0) between the real-time temperature T and the reference temperature T0 reflects the change in the current temperature relative to the reference temperature. By multiplying this difference by the temperature compensation coefficient K and then adjusting the initial output power P0, dynamic compensation of the transmitter output power can be achieved to offset the gain changes of the power device caused by temperature variations, thereby maintaining stable output power. In wireless communication systems, the stability of the transmitter output power is crucial for ensuring communication quality. If the output power fluctuates excessively due to temperature changes, it may lead to problems such as unstable signal coverage and increased bit error rate. By dynamically adjusting the transmitter output power, the influence of temperature on the power device gain can be effectively eliminated, ensuring that the transmitter can output stable power under different temperature environments, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the communication system. Improving system performance: Stable output power helps optimize the performance indicators of communication systems, improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and reduce the impact of multipath effects. Furthermore, for applications with high power accuracy requirements, such as radar systems and satellite communications, dynamic power adjustment ensures that the system can operate normally under various temperature conditions, meeting stringent performance requirements.

[0039] If the output power of a power device is unstable during long-term operation, it may cause excessive stress on the device, accelerating its aging and damage. By dynamically adjusting the output power to ensure that the power device always operates within a suitable power range, device losses can be reduced, its service life extended, and equipment maintenance costs lowered.

[0040] The closed-loop verification mechanism collects the actual output power of the transmitter through a directional coupler, converts it into a digital signal by an ADC, and compares it with the calibrated power value. If the deviation exceeds the threshold, the compensation coefficient K is adjusted.

[0041] In this embodiment, the directional coupler is cleverly placed in the transmitter's output link. It acts like a precise "power shunt," extracting a small portion of power from the transmitter's output RF signal at a specific ratio. This extracted power represents the transmitter's actual output power without significantly affecting the normal transmission of the transmitter's main output signal. The acquired analog power signal needs to be converted into a digital signal for subsequent digital processing and analysis. This task is performed by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The ADC converts the analog power signal into a discrete digital signal at a certain sampling frequency and precision, enabling processing in a digital system. The ADC-converted digital signal is then transmitted to the processing unit and compared with a pre-set calibration power value. The calibration power value is the transmitter's expected output power value determined under specific standard conditions (reference temperature, specific operating frequency, etc.). The processing unit calculates the deviation between the actual output power digital signal and the calibration power value. Coefficient adjustment: If the calculated deviation exceeds a pre-set threshold, it indicates a significant difference between the transmitter's actual output power and the expected value, possibly due to factors such as temperature changes causing inadequate compensation. At this point, the processing unit will automatically adjust the temperature compensation coefficient K based on the magnitude and direction of the deviation. The adjusted K value will then be reapplied to the dynamic adjustment formula for the transmitter output power to further correct the output power.

[0042] This embodiment's closed-loop verification mechanism can monitor the transmitter's actual output power in real time and promptly detect power deviations. By automatically adjusting the compensation coefficient K, it can effectively eliminate power fluctuations caused by factors such as temperature changes and component aging, ensuring that the transmitter can output stable power under different operating conditions, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the communication system. In practical applications, the transmitter's operating environment and conditions may undergo various changes, such as large temperature fluctuations and unstable power supply voltage. The closed-loop verification mechanism can dynamically adjust the compensation strategy based on the deviation between the actual output power and the calibration value, enabling the system to quickly adapt to these changes and maintain good operating performance. Traditional power adjustment methods often require manual periodic detection and adjustment, which is not only inefficient but also susceptible to human factors. The closed-loop verification mechanism achieves automated power monitoring and adjustment, greatly reducing the need for manual intervention, lowering maintenance costs, and improving the system's automation level.

[0043] Automatic calibration and maintenance include: re-performing the temperature experiment, updating the gain-temperature curve, and conducting a 48-hour continuous aging test at room temperature every 2000 hours of operation or when the ambient temperature changes by more than 20°C.

[0044] During 2000 hours of continuous operation, the internal materials of the power device in this embodiment undergo gradual physical and chemical changes due to prolonged electrical and thermal stress, including alterations in crystal structure and migration of electrode materials. These changes cause a drift in the device's gain-temperature characteristics, rendering the previously fitted gain-temperature curve inaccurate in reflecting the device's current performance. Re-performing the temperature experiment every 2000 hours allows for timely detection of these performance changes caused by prolonged operation. The updated gain-temperature curve, based on the new experimental data, enables more precise power compensation and adjustments, ensuring the stability of the transmitter's output power. As the operating time increases, the amount of temperature experimental data collected at different operating stages continuously grows. Utilizing this abundant data to update and optimize the gain-temperature model improves its accuracy and adaptability. By analyzing the trends in the gain-temperature curve under different operating durations, patterns of device performance degradation can be identified, allowing for early prediction and appropriate maintenance measures to extend the device's lifespan.

[0045] Suitable for power devices that require temperature compensation to maintain output power stability, such as 5G small base stations, vehicle-mounted wireless communication modules, industrial IoT terminal equipment, and satellite communication ground stations.

[0046] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A gain compensation method based on the temperature characteristics of power devices, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Through controlled ambient temperature experiments, measure the gain change data of the power device link within a preset temperature range, and fit the gain-temperature curve; Step 2: Integrate a high-precision temperature sensor to monitor the ambient temperature of the power devices in real time; Step 3: Dynamically adjust the transmitter output power based on real-time temperature and gain-temperature curve; Step 4: Introduce a closed-loop verification mechanism to ensure output power stability; Step 5: Periodically remeasure the gain-temperature profile and perform automatic calibration maintenance.

2. The gain compensation method based on the temperature characteristics of power devices according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controlled ambient temperature experiment used a high and low temperature test chamber to construct an experimental environment ranging from -40℃ to +85℃, with a temperature step size of 5℃. After maintaining a stable temperature for 30 minutes at each temperature point, the link gain was measured.

3. The gain compensation method based on the temperature characteristics of power devices according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor is a digital integrated temperature sensor with a measurement range of -55℃ to +125℃ and an accuracy of ±0.5℃. It transmits data via I²C or SPI bus.

4. The gain compensation method based on the temperature characteristics of power devices according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitter output power is dynamically adjusted as follows: Where K is the temperature compensation coefficient. For real-time temperature, The reference temperature is +25℃.

5. The gain compensation method based on the temperature characteristics of power devices according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closed-loop verification mechanism collects the actual output power of the transmitter through a directional coupler, converts it into a digital signal by an ADC, and compares it with the calibrated power value. If the deviation exceeds the threshold, the compensation coefficient K is adjusted.

6. The gain compensation method based on the temperature characteristics of power devices according to claim 1, characterized in that: Automatic calibration and maintenance include: re-performing the temperature experiment, updating the gain-temperature curve, and conducting a 48-hour continuous aging test at room temperature every 2000 hours of operation or when the ambient temperature changes by more than 20°C.

7. The gain compensation method based on the temperature characteristics of power devices according to claim 1, characterized in that: Suitable for power devices that require temperature compensation to maintain output power stability, such as 5G small base stations, vehicle-mounted wireless communication modules, industrial IoT terminal equipment, and satellite communication ground stations.

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