Plasma channel generation system and method capable of controlling transmission track
By modulating the phase of a Gaussian beam to generate a plasma channel with a controllable transmission trajectory, the problem of uncontrollable plasma filament trajectory in existing technologies has been solved, enabling expanded applications in fields such as microfabrication and waveguide structures.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies cannot generate plasma channels with controllable transmission trajectories, resulting in insufficient controllability of plasma filament trajectories and limiting their application in fields such as microfabrication and waveguide structures.
By sequentially connecting a femtosecond laser amplifier, an energy control device, a phase modulation device, a beam scaling device, and a plasma channel generation device, the phase of a Gaussian beam is modulated using a computer control system to generate a phase-modulated beam with a controllable transmission trajectory, and a nonlinear effect is induced in the optical medium to form a plasma channel.
This achievement enables controllability of plasma filament trajectories, expanding its application potential in fields such as microfabrication and waveguide structures.
Smart Images
Figure CN121793218A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of femtosecond laser filamentation control, and in particular to a plasma channel generation system and method with controllable transmission trajectory. Background Technology
[0002] In existing technologies, femtosecond laser filamentation is mainly achieved through Gaussian beams, Bessel beams, vortex beams, or Airy beams. Bessel beams can form long-distance plasma filaments, but the trajectory is fixed as a straight line; Airy beams can generate parabolic curved trajectories, but the controllability is limited, only producing plasma filaments with specific trajectories. Vortex beams can form helical plasma filaments, but lack flexibility and cannot achieve arbitrary trajectory control. For example, using an Airy beam to generate parabolic trajectory plasma filaments in water, and using Bessel beams to superimpose helical filaments, neither can achieve stable transmission of complex trajectories (such as hyperbolas or serpentine patterns).
[0003] The core flaw of existing technology lies in its reliance on the inherent characteristics of the beam itself (such as the self-acceleration of Airy beams and the orbital angular momentum of vortex beams), lacking an effective means to achieve arbitrary transmission trajectories by actively constructing modulated phases, and failing to generate plasma channels with controllable transmission trajectories. This results in insufficient controllability of the plasma filament's trajectory, limiting its application in fields such as microfabrication and waveguide structures. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a plasma channel generation system and method with controllable transmission trajectory to solve the problem of being unable to generate plasma channels with controllable transmission trajectory.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution: In a first aspect, this application provides a plasma channel generation system with controllable transmission trajectory, comprising: a femtosecond laser amplifier, an energy control device, a phase modulation device, a beam scaling device, a plasma channel generation device, and a computer control system connected in sequence; wherein the phase modulation device is connected to the computer control system; The femtosecond laser amplifier is used to generate a Gaussian beam and input it to the energy control device; The energy control device is used to regulate the initial laser energy of the Gaussian beam and input the regulated Gaussian beam into the phase control device. The phase modulation device is used to modulate the phase of the modulated Gaussian beam according to the required modulation phase parameters input by the computer control system, to generate a phase-modulated beam with a controllable transmission trajectory that is transmitted according to a preset transmission trajectory, and input the beam scaling device; the required modulation phase parameters are calculated according to the preset transmission trajectory equation; the preset transmission trajectory corresponds to the preset transmission trajectory equation, and the required modulation phase parameters carry information of the preset transmission trajectory. The beam scaling device is used to scale the phase-modulated beam and input it to the plasma channel generating device; The plasma channel generating device has an internal optical medium, which is used to generate plasma by inducing a nonlinear effect in the optical medium according to the scaled phase-modulated beam, thereby forming a plasma channel with a controllable transmission trajectory.
[0006] Secondly, this application provides a method for generating a plasma channel with a controllable transmission trajectory, including: A Gaussian beam is generated based on a femtosecond laser amplifier and input to an energy control device; Based on the energy control device, the initial laser energy of the Gaussian beam is regulated, and the regulated Gaussian beam is input to the phase regulation device. Based on the phase modulation device, according to the required modulation phase parameters input by the computer control system, the phase of the modulated Gaussian beam is modulated to generate a phase-modulated beam with a controllable transmission trajectory that is transmitted according to a preset transmission trajectory, and the beam scaling device is input to the beam scaling device; the required modulation phase parameters are calculated according to the preset transmission trajectory equation; the preset transmission trajectory corresponds to the preset transmission trajectory equation, and the required modulation phase parameters carry information about the preset transmission trajectory. The phase-modulated beam is scaled using a beam scaling device and input into a plasma channel generating device; the plasma channel generating device has an optical medium built in. Based on the plasma channel generating device, plasma is generated by the nonlinear effect induced in the optical medium by the scaled phase-modulated beam, forming a plasma channel with a controllable transmission trajectory.
[0007] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects: This application, through a femtosecond laser amplifier, an energy control device, a phase modulation device, a beam scaling device, a plasma channel generation device, and a computer control system connected in sequence, modulates the phase of a Gaussian beam according to a preset transmission trajectory designed according to the transmission trajectory requirements, that is, superimposing the modulated phase on the Gaussian beam to generate a phase-modulated beam with a controllable transmission trajectory, thereby forming a plasma channel with a controllable transmission trajectory. This realizes the controllability of the plasma filament trajectory, enabling the plasma channel with a controllable transmission trajectory to be applied in fields such as micromachining and waveguide structures. Attached Figure Description
[0008] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0009] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a plasma channel generation system with controllable transmission trajectory provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for generating a plasma channel with a controllable transmission trajectory, provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0010] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0011] To make the objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0012] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a plasma channel generation system with controllable transmission trajectory, characterized in that it includes: a femtosecond laser amplifier 1, an energy control device 2, a phase modulation device 3, a beam scaling device 4, a plasma channel generation device 5, and a computer control system 7 connected in sequence; wherein, the phase modulation device 3 is connected to the computer control system 7.
[0013] The femtosecond laser amplifier 1 is used to generate a Gaussian beam and input it to the energy control device 2.
[0014] The energy control device 2 is used to regulate the initial laser energy of the Gaussian beam and input the regulated Gaussian beam into the phase control device 3.
[0015] The phase modulation device 3 is used to modulate the phase of the modulated Gaussian beam according to the required modulation phase parameters input by the computer control system 7, and generate a phase-modulated beam with a controllable transmission trajectory that is transmitted according to a preset transmission trajectory, and input it to the beam scaling device 4; the required modulation phase parameters are calculated according to the preset transmission trajectory equation; the preset transmission trajectory corresponds to the preset transmission trajectory equation, and the required modulation phase parameters carry information of the preset transmission trajectory.
[0016] The beam scaling device 4 is used to scale the phase-modulated beam and input it to the plasma channel generating device 5.
[0017] The plasma channel generating device 5 has an internal optical medium, which is used to generate plasma by inducing a nonlinear effect in the optical medium according to the scaled phase-modulated beam, thereby forming a plasma channel with a controllable transmission trajectory.
[0018] In an exemplary embodiment, the system further includes an image acquisition device 6, connected to the optical medium and the computer control system 7, for acquiring and monitoring the trajectory, transmission distance, and intensity of the plasma channel with the controllable transmission trajectory, and uploading the monitoring results to the computer control system 7.
[0019] In one exemplary embodiment, the trajectory of the plasma channel of the controllable transmission trajectory is the same as the preset transmission trajectory.
[0020] In one exemplary embodiment, the curvature, shape, and length of the preset transmission trajectory are changed by adjusting the parameters in the preset transmission trajectory equation and the Gaussian beam diameter.
[0021] In one exemplary embodiment, the femtosecond laser amplifier 1 is a titanium-doped sapphire femtosecond laser amplifier 1; The output center wavelength of the titanium-doped sapphire femtosecond laser amplifier 1 is 800 nm, the pulse duration is 50 fs, and the repetition frequency is 1 kHz.
[0022] In one exemplary embodiment, the phase modulation device 3 has a built-in liquid crystal spatial light modulator, which can be replaced with a custom phase plate.
[0023] In one exemplary embodiment, the optical medium is fused silica, which can be replaced with glass and various optical crystals depending on the application requirements.
[0024] In one exemplary embodiment, the image acquisition device 6 is a CCD camera.
[0025] In practical applications, the Gaussian beam generated by the femtosecond laser amplifier 1 enters the energy control device 2 to regulate the initial laser energy. The energy-regulated Gaussian beam then undergoes phase modulation via the phase modulation device 3. Through computer programming, the required modulation phase parameters are calculated based on a preset transmission trajectory equation. These parameters are then loaded into the spatial light modulator, thereby achieving phase modulation of the initial Gaussian beam. The modulated beam will then propagate according to the transmission trajectory corresponding to the preset transmission trajectory equation, resulting in a phase-modulated beam with a controllable transmission trajectory. The modulated beam enters the beam scaling device 4 to obtain a beam with a scaled transmission distance. The scaled beam then enters the optical medium. Due to the nonlinear effect caused by the laser beam intensity, plasma is generated. The plasma forms along the transmission trajectory of the modulated beam (because the light intensity is strongest at the beam center, the nonlinear effect occurs first). Since the trajectory and parameters of the plasma channel are consistent with the trajectory of the modulated beam, controlling the trajectory of the modulated beam also controls the trajectory of the plasma channel, thus forming a controllable plasma channel that matches the initially preset trajectory. The trajectory, transmission distance, and intensity of the plasma channel are acquired and monitored by the image acquisition device 6.
[0026] The operation flow of the plasma channel generation system with controllable transmission trajectory is as follows, and the operation steps of the present invention are explained in conjunction with the hardware operation flow: Perform step 1 to begin the device self-test; if the self-test is normal, proceed to step 2.
[0027] Step 2 is executed to turn on the femtosecond laser amplifier 1 and generate a femtosecond laser beam, i.e., a Gaussian beam.
[0028] Perform step 3 to set the parameters of energy control device 2 and adjust the power of the initial Gaussian laser beam. Specifically, setting the parameters of energy control device 2 involves controlling the power of the initial laser beam, commonly achieved by adjusting the angle between the polarizing beam splitter and the waveplate.
[0029] Step 4 involves setting the parameters of phase modulation device 3 and loading the calculated modulation phase parameters, which include the preset transmission trajectory, into the spatial light modulator. Setting the parameters of phase modulation device 3 is used to load the modulation phase parameters, which are the calculated modulation phase parameters containing transmission trajectory information.
[0030] Step 5 involves setting the parameters of the beam scaling device 4 to control the length of the portion of the beam that meets the transmission trajectory requirements, proportionally reducing the length of the trajectory. Setting the parameters of the beam scaling device 4 controls the overall size of the trajectory, typically achieved by adjusting the focal length of the lens group.
[0031] Perform step 6 to generate a plasma channel.
[0032] Perform step 7: Image acquisition and detection of the plasma channel.
[0033] Execute step 8 to output a plasma channel or filament that meets the conditions, and then end. The condition is that the trajectory of the plasma channel meets the preset trajectory, and the length meets the scaled trajectory length.
[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, this application provides a method for generating a plasma channel with a controllable transmission trajectory, comprising: S1: Based on a femtosecond laser amplifier, a Gaussian beam is generated and input to the energy control device.
[0035] S2: Based on the energy control device, the initial laser energy of the Gaussian beam is regulated, and the regulated Gaussian beam is input to the phase regulation device.
[0036] S3: Based on the phase modulation device, according to the required modulation phase parameters input by the computer control system, the phase of the modulated Gaussian beam is modulated to generate a phase-modulated beam with a controllable transmission trajectory that is transmitted according to a preset transmission trajectory, and input to the beam scaling device; the required modulation phase parameters are calculated according to the preset transmission trajectory equation; the preset transmission trajectory corresponds to the preset transmission trajectory equation, and the required modulation phase parameters carry information of the preset transmission trajectory.
[0037] S4: Based on the beam scaling device, the phase-modulated beam is scaled and input to the plasma channel generating device; the plasma channel generating device has an optical medium built in.
[0038] S5: Based on the plasma channel generating device, plasma is generated by the nonlinear effect induced in the optical medium by the scaled phase-modulated beam, forming a plasma channel with a controllable transmission trajectory.
[0039] In one exemplary embodiment, after S5, the following is also included: Based on the image acquisition device, the trajectory, transmission distance, and intensity of the plasma channel with the controllable transmission trajectory are acquired and monitored, and the monitoring results are uploaded to the computer control system.
[0040] This application achieves beam control based on phase modulation of the initial laser beam. The difference lies in its use of a self-accelerating Bessel-like beam designed by Chremmos, capable of propagating along a controllable trajectory, to control the plasma channel trajectory, thus realizing a plasma channel with a controllable propagation trajectory. This method involves pre-setting a preset propagation trajectory equation, such as a parabolic trajectory. serpentine trajectory The parameters a, b, and c are adjustable. Then, the modulation phase parameters that actually need to be loaded are calculated through numerical simulation. Finally, the calculated modulation phase parameters are loaded into the spatial light modulator to modulate the initial beam, thereby obtaining a laser beam with a controllable transmission trajectory, and thus forming a plasma channel with a controllable trajectory in the medium.
[0041] Since the modulation phase parameters carry transmission trajectory information, superimposing the modulation phase onto a straight-propagating Gaussian beam can alter the transmission trajectory of the modulated beam. The parameters of the modulation phase can be changed; for example, by altering parameters a, b, and c in the trajectory equation, replacing them with different trajectory equations, and changing the beam diameter, parameters such as the curvature, shape, and length of the trajectory can be changed.
[0042] Secondly, vortex phase parameters can be superimposed on the calculated modulation phase parameters to obtain a vortex beam with a controllable transmission trajectory and diverse optical field distribution.
[0043] The calculation process for the actual modulation phase parameters that need to be loaded is as follows: First, design a trajectory equation, such as a parabolic trajectory. Then, based on the preset transmission trajectory equation and the light field distribution function, obtain the modulation phase parameter corresponding to the preset transmission trajectory through numerical simulation. Finally, superimpose the modulation phase parameter onto the basic laser beam (usually a Gaussian beam) through a spatial light modulator to obtain the modulated beam. The transmission trajectory of the modulated beam will no longer be a straight line, but a transmission path with the same initial trajectory equation, i.e., a parabolic trajectory.
[0044] Specifically, the self-accelerating Bessel-like beam, as a type of designed synthetic beam, uses the Fresnel integral of the paraxial approximation to give the light field distribution function: (1) In this coordinate system, Z represents the actual transmission distance of the beam, XY represents the coordinate position in the cross-section XY at the transmission distance Z; x and y represent the coordinate positions on the initial cross-section when Z is 0; and i is the imaginary unit. Given an initial Gaussian light field, the beam design problem becomes solving for the phase. .
[0045] Assuming the transmission trajectory is ,in, Given a trajectory function. Any point on the trajectory. It must be the focal point of the conical ray; correspondingly, the phase... Satisfying stable phase approximation and integrability condition , phase Q Find the partial derivative of x. phase Q Find the partial derivative of y; Yes Q Find the partial derivatives for x and y respectively; For is Q Find the partial derivatives for y and x respectively. It can be observed that at any point on the defined self-accelerating trajectory... The corresponding phase satisfies the circular function: (2) in, , Yes Find the derivative. Yes Find the derivative. , R is the coordinate of the center of the isomorphic circle on the initial cross-section when Z is 0, corresponding to the transmission distance Z, and R is the radius of the isomorphic circle. This is determined by formula (2) and the phase. By applying the stable phase approximation condition, the initial phase condition can be solved: (3) in, = , = , Let Z be a variable, representing any location along the transmission distance Z.
[0046] Thus, we obtain the design trajectory. The initial phase and initial optical field function of the transmitted self-accelerating zero-order Bessel-like beam.
[0047] In summary, phase modulation of the initial laser beam is achieved using a spatial light modulator or a phase plate to obtain a modulated Bessel beam, Airy beam, or some other beam. In other words, similar existing solutions exist for the apparatus preceding the plasma channel generation, including the laser, energy control, and phase modulation device. The difference lies in using similar existing solutions; this application enables phase modulation of a high-power laser beam to generate a plasma channel with a controllable transmission trajectory.
[0048] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0049] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.
Claims
1. A plasma channel generation system with controllable transmission trajectory, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a femtosecond laser amplifier, an energy control device, a phase modulation device, a beam scaling device, a plasma channel generating device, and a computer control system, connected in sequence; wherein the phase modulation device is connected to the computer control system. The femtosecond laser amplifier is used to generate a Gaussian beam and input it to the energy control device; The energy control device is used to regulate the initial laser energy of the Gaussian beam and input the regulated Gaussian beam into the phase control device. The phase modulation device is used to modulate the phase of the modulated Gaussian beam according to the required modulation phase parameters input by the computer control system, to generate a phase-modulated beam with a controllable transmission trajectory that is transmitted according to a preset transmission trajectory, and input the beam scaling device; the required modulation phase parameters are calculated according to the preset transmission trajectory equation; the preset transmission trajectory corresponds to the preset transmission trajectory equation, and the required modulation phase parameters carry information of the preset transmission trajectory. The beam scaling device is used to scale the phase-modulated beam and input it to the plasma channel generating device; The plasma channel generating device has an internal optical medium, which is used to generate plasma by inducing a nonlinear effect in the optical medium according to the scaled phase-modulated beam, thereby forming a plasma channel with a controllable transmission trajectory.
2. The plasma channel generation system with controllable transmission trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trajectory of the plasma channel of the controllable transmission trajectory is the same as the preset transmission trajectory.
3. The plasma channel generation system with controllable transmission trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that, The curvature, shape, and length of the preset transmission trajectory can be changed by adjusting the parameters in the preset transmission trajectory equation and the Gaussian beam diameter.
4. The plasma channel generation system with controllable transmission trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that, The femtosecond laser amplifier is a titanium-doped sapphire femtosecond laser amplifier; The output center wavelength of the titanium-doped sapphire femtosecond laser amplifier is 800 nm, the pulse duration is 50 fs, and the repetition frequency is 1 kHz.
5. The plasma channel generation system with controllable transmission trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase modulation device has a built-in liquid crystal spatial light modulator.
6. The plasma channel generation system with controllable transmission trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical medium is fused silica, glass, or an optical crystal.
7. The plasma channel generation system with controllable transmission trajectory according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An image acquisition device, connected to the optical medium and the computer control system, is used to acquire and monitor the trajectory, transmission distance, and intensity of the plasma channel with the controllable transmission trajectory, and upload the monitoring results to the computer control system.
8. The plasma channel generation system with controllable transmission trajectory according to claim 7, characterized in that, The image acquisition device is a CCD camera.
9. A method for generating a plasma channel with a controllable transmission trajectory, characterized in that, The plasma channel generation method for controllable transmission trajectories is applied to the plasma channel generation system for controllable transmission trajectories according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the plasma channel generation method for controllable transmission trajectories includes: A Gaussian beam is generated based on a femtosecond laser amplifier and input to an energy control device; Based on the energy control device, the initial laser energy of the Gaussian beam is regulated, and the regulated Gaussian beam is input to the phase regulation device. Based on the phase modulation device, the phase of the modulated Gaussian beam is modulated according to the required modulation phase parameters input by the computer control system to generate a phase-modulated beam with a controllable transmission trajectory that is transmitted according to a preset transmission trajectory, and the beam scaling device is input to the beam scaling device; the required modulation phase parameters are calculated according to the preset transmission trajectory equation; the preset transmission trajectory corresponds to the preset transmission trajectory equation, and the required modulation phase parameters carry information about the preset transmission trajectory. The phase-modulated beam is scaled using a beam scaling device and input into a plasma channel generating device; the plasma channel generating device has an optical medium built in. Based on the plasma channel generating device, plasma is generated by the nonlinear effect induced in the optical medium by the scaled phase-modulated beam, forming a plasma channel with a controllable transmission trajectory.
10. The method for generating a plasma channel with a controllable transmission trajectory according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on the image acquisition device, the trajectory, transmission distance, and intensity of the plasma channel with the controllable transmission trajectory are acquired and monitored, and the monitoring results are uploaded to the computer control system.