System and method for inhibiting soil resistance gene diffusion by regulating water, fertilizer and oxygen

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural environment protection, and provides a system and a method for inhibiting soil resistance gene diffusion by regulating water, fertilizer and oxygen. The system for inhibiting soil resistance gene diffusion by regulating water, fertilizer and oxygen comprises an information sensing module, a central intelligent control module, a water, fertilizer and oxygen collaborative supply module and a transmission and distribution module. The system for inhibiting soil resistance gene diffusion by regulating water, fertilizer and oxygen can intelligently trigger and accurately transmit and distribute oxygen-enriched water and fertilizer liquid and regulate and control the rhizosphere microenvironment by integrating information perception, central control and water, fertilizer and oxygen collaborative supply and transmission and distribution modules, so that the purposes of inhibiting antibiotic resistance gene diffusion of facility vegetable fields and synergistically improving the productivity are achieved. In addition, the invention further provides a method applied to the system for inhibiting soil resistance gene diffusion by regulating water, fertilizer and oxygen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of agricultural environmental protection, and in particular to a system and method for inhibiting the spread of soil resistance genes by regulating water, fertilizer and oxygen. Background Technology

[0002] Intensive greenhouse vegetable fields often have high multiple cropping indices and frequent inputs of organic fertilizers and irrigation water, leading to the continuous accumulation of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in the soil, posing environmental and health risks. Antibiotic resistance genes can spread among microorganisms through horizontal gene transfer, and their transfer capacity is closely related to mobile genetic elements, with class I integrons being one of the key indicator markers. Currently, there are reports and patents regarding the use of aeration measures to promote the decomposition of organic matter or the degradation of antibiotic residues, providing some technical solutions to the problem of antibiotic and antibiotic resistance gene accumulation in soil.

[0003] Existing oxygenation measures mainly include soil tillage, addition of peroxides, and water aeration. These operations attempt to improve the soil environment, thereby decomposing organic matter or degrading antibiotic residues, and thus reducing the risks associated with antibiotic resistance genes.

[0004] However, existing oxygenation technologies are mostly operated independently and lack deep integration with the core water and fertilizer management system of facility agriculture. This results in high energy consumption, cumbersome operation, and poor spatiotemporal precision. They fail to simultaneously intervene during the critical window period for antibiotic resistance gene input or focus on rhizosphere hotspots where antibiotic resistance genes are actively exchanged. Furthermore, the regulatory factors are relatively singular, failing to systematically and continuously regulate key environmental factors affecting microbial activity and gene transfer potential. This leads to insufficient stability and persistence of the inhibitory effect, and the effect evaluation indicators are limited, mostly focusing on changes in the abundance of total antibiotic resistance genes, lacking targeted attention to the abundance of mobile genetic elements, a key biomarker that more directly reflects the risk of spread. Therefore, existing technologies cannot achieve long-term, stable, and root-cause control of the risk of antibiotic resistance gene spread in facility vegetable fields while ensuring agricultural production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application aims to propose a system and method for inhibiting the spread of soil resistance genes by regulating water, fertilizer and oxygen, so as to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this application is implemented as follows: In the first aspect, this application proposes a system for inhibiting the spread of soil resistance genes by regulating water, fertilizer and oxygen, including an information sensing module deployed in the crop root zone for real-time monitoring of core rhizosphere environmental parameters, including a soil redox potential sensor and a soil moisture sensor. The central intelligent control module receives real-time data from the information sensing module, is embedded or connected to the irrigation and fertilization management program, and has built-in control logic. It can automatically generate water-fertilizer-oxygen synergistic operation instructions based on preset irrigation and fertilization events or real-time monitored redox potential thresholds. The water, fertilizer and oxygen co-supply module includes an irrigation water supply unit, a fertilizer injection unit and a micro-nano bubble oxygen generation and online mixing unit. The micro-nano bubble oxygen generation and online mixing unit can generate and efficiently mix micro-nano bubble oxygen online in the irrigation pipeline to form a stable oxygen-rich irrigation solution. The delivery module is used to deliver the oxygen-enriched irrigation solution to the roots of each crop.

[0007] Furthermore, the diameter of the bubbles generated by the micro / nano bubble oxygen generator and online mixing unit is less than 100 micrometers.

[0008] Furthermore, the control logic of the central intelligent control module is dual-mode triggering, including an event triggering mode based on the start of irrigation or fertilization programs, and a status feedback triggering mode based on real-time oxidation-reduction potential data.

[0009] Furthermore, the redox potential threshold is a warning lower limit value, which ranges from +150mV to +250mV.

[0010] Furthermore, the preset irrigation and fertilization event is the process of applying liquid fertilizer containing organic matter.

[0011] Furthermore, the distribution module includes a distribution pipeline network and a water emitter, with the water emitter connected to the distribution pipeline network.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, the system proposed in this application for inhibiting the spread of soil resistance genes by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen has the following advantages: (1) This application integrates the information sensing module, the central intelligent control module, the water, fertilizer and oxygen co-supply module and the distribution module with the facility agriculture water and fertilizer integration system, and combines the dual-mode trigger control logic to achieve precise and intelligent response regulation of the rhizosphere environment. This solves the problems of existing technology being disconnected from agronomic systems and insufficient spatiotemporal precision, and improves the pertinence of intervention.

[0013] (2) This application generates micro-nano bubble oxygen with a diameter of less than 100 micrometers through a micro-nano bubble oxygen generation and online mixing unit, and delivers it to the crop root zone in a targeted manner with a delivery module. This achieves continuous and stable optimization of the rhizosphere redox environment, creates a microenvironment that is unfavorable to the proliferation and gene transfer of antibiotic resistance gene host bacteria, and enhances the stability and durability of the inhibitory effect.

[0014] (3) This application reuses the existing irrigation network through the distribution module and combines the automated operation logic of the central intelligent control module to realize the synchronous and precise distribution of water, fertilizer and oxygen. There is no need to add extra agricultural operation burden. At the same time, the improved root zone oxygen environment can promote crop growth, achieving synergistic effect between pollution risk control and agricultural production capacity improvement, and solving the problems of high energy consumption and disconnection from production needs of existing technologies.

[0015] Secondly, this application proposes a method for applying the above-mentioned system of inhibiting the spread of soil resistance genes by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen, comprising the following steps: S1, System deployment and parameter setting: Install the system that inhibits the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in the soil of the facility vegetable field by regulating water, fertilizer and oxygen, and set the target regulation range and warning lower limit value of the redox potential of the root zone soil in the central intelligent control module. S2, intelligent triggering and decision-making, activates the corresponding trigger mode based on preset irrigation and fertilization events or real-time monitored redox potential data, and generates collaborative operation instructions; S3 executes the command to simultaneously and evenly distribute water, fertilizer, and micro-nano bubble oxygen to the crop root zone; S4. Effect evaluation and feedback: Rhizosphere soil samples are collected regularly, and the abundance changes of mobile genetic elements are detected by quantitative PCR technology as a key indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of antibiotic resistance gene spread risk control, and feedback is provided to optimize regulatory parameters.

[0016] Furthermore, the target regulation range in step S1 is a microaerobic environment, and the corresponding redox potential value is maintained between +200mV and +400mV.

[0017] Furthermore, the distribution operation in step S3 covers the entire fertilization process and continues for 30 to 60 minutes after fertilization is completed.

[0018] Furthermore, the marker gene of the mobile genetic element in step S4 is a class I integron gene.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the method proposed in this application for the above-mentioned system for inhibiting the spread of soil resistance genes by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen has the following advantages: (1) This application sets the target regulation range and warning lower limit of the redox potential of the root zone soil corresponding to the microaerobic environment, and combines it with the intelligent decision-making logic triggered by the dual-mode of events and states to achieve precise and timely intervention during the critical window period of antibiotic resistance gene input and when the rhizosphere environment is abnormal, thus solving the problem of insufficient spatiotemporal precision of the existing technology.

[0020] (2) This application achieves the synchronous connection between antibiotic resistance gene input and inhibition measures by covering the entire fertilization operation with the oxygen-enriched water fertilizer solution and continuing for 30 to 60 minutes after fertilization, thereby stabilizing and optimizing the rhizosphere microenvironment from the source and enhancing the continuous inhibition effect on the spread of antibiotic resistance genes.

[0021] (3) This application uses class I integron genes as marker genes for mobile genetic elements and quantitative PCR technology to detect their abundance changes as the core assessment indicator, thereby achieving a direct and accurate assessment of the risk of antagonistic gene spread. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system for inhibiting the spread of soil resistance genes by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen, as described in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of the method for inhibiting the spread of soil resistance genes by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen, as described in the embodiments of this application.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Information sensing module; 101. Soil oxidation-reduction potential sensor; 102. Soil moisture sensor; 2. Central intelligent control module; 3. Water, fertilizer and oxygen co-supply module; 301. Irrigation water supply unit; 302. Fertilizer injection unit; 303. Micro-nano bubble oxygen generation and online mixing unit; 4. Distribution module; 401. Distribution pipeline network; 402. Irrigator. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the technical solution and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0025] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0026] Furthermore, it should be noted that in the description of this application, if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer" appear, indicating orientation or positional relationship, these are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In addition, if terms such as "first" or "second" appear, they are also used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "connector" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in light of the specific circumstances.

[0028] In this application, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0029] The present application will now be described in detail through exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that, without further description, elements, structures, and features in one embodiment may be advantageously incorporated into other embodiments.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] Existing oxygenation measures mainly include soil tillage, addition of peroxides, and water aeration. These operations attempt to improve the soil environment, thereby decomposing organic matter or degrading antibiotic residues, and thus reducing the risks associated with antibiotic resistance genes.

[0032] However, existing oxygenation technologies are mostly operated independently and lack deep integration with the core water and fertilizer management system of facility agriculture. This results in high energy consumption, cumbersome operation, and poor spatiotemporal precision. They fail to simultaneously intervene during the critical window period for antibiotic resistance gene input or focus on rhizosphere hotspots where antibiotic resistance genes are actively exchanged. Furthermore, the regulatory factors are relatively singular, failing to systematically and continuously regulate key environmental factors affecting microbial activity and gene transfer potential. This leads to insufficient stability and persistence of the inhibitory effect, and the effect evaluation indicators are limited, mostly focusing on changes in the abundance of total antibiotic resistance genes, lacking targeted attention to the abundance of mobile genetic elements, a key biomarker that more directly reflects the risk of spread. Therefore, existing technologies cannot achieve long-term, stable, and root-cause control of the risk of antibiotic resistance gene spread in facility vegetable fields while ensuring agricultural production.

[0033] In view of this, to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this application provides a system for inhibiting the spread of soil resistance genes by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen. This system is applied in the field of agricultural environmental protection and includes an information sensing module 1, a central intelligent control module 2, a water, fertilizer, and oxygen co-supply module 3, and a distribution module 4. The information sensing module 1 is deployed in the crop root zone and its function is to capture core rhizosphere environmental parameters in real time, providing accurate environmental data support for subsequent regulation. The central intelligent control module 2, as the core decision-making unit of the system, can receive real-time data transmitted from the information sensing module 1 and is associated with the irrigation and fertilization management program. Based on preset irrigation and fertilization events or real-time monitored redox potential thresholds, it automatically integrates and forms water, fertilizer, and oxygen co-operation instructions. The water, fertilizer, and oxygen co-supply module 3 is responsible for the coordinated supply of water, fertilizer, and oxygen. The irrigation water supply unit 301 provides the water source required for irrigation, the fertilizer injection unit 302 precisely injects fertilizer, and the micro-nano bubble oxygen generation and online mixing unit 303 adds micro-nano bubble oxygen to the irrigation water. The three work together to form a stable oxygen-rich irrigation solution. The distribution module 4 receives the oxygen-enriched irrigation solution output from the water, fertilizer and oxygen co-supply module 3 and delivers it precisely to the roots of each crop.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 The information sensing module 1 is deployed in the crop root zone to capture core rhizosphere environmental parameters in real time. It consists of a soil redox potential sensor 101 and a soil moisture sensor 102. The two types of sensors are evenly distributed according to the crop planting row spacing and root zone distribution range to ensure that the monitoring points can cover the key rhizosphere area and guarantee the representativeness and comprehensiveness of the data. The sensors adopt a waterproof and corrosion-resistant packaging design, which is suitable for the moist soil environment of greenhouse vegetable fields. The real-time collected redox potential and soil moisture data are stably transmitted to the central intelligent control module 2 through wired or wireless signal transmission.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 The central intelligent control module 2 undertakes the key functions of data processing, logical judgment, and instruction generation. Its hardware structure integrates a processor, signal receiving module, instruction output module, and data storage. At the software level, it is embedded within or connected to the irrigation and fertilization management program via a communication interface, and it also has pre-set control logic algorithms. During operation, the signal receiving module receives environmental data transmitted in real time from the information sensing module 1. The processor, combined with the agricultural plans in the irrigation and fertilization management program, such as fertilization time and irrigation cycle, performs rapid data analysis and logical judgment by comparing them with preset irrigation and fertilization event judgment standards or redox potential thresholds. When the triggering conditions are met, the processor automatically integrates and generates water, fertilizer, and oxygen coordinated operation instructions, which are accurately sent to the water, fertilizer, and oxygen coordinated supply module 3 and the distribution module 4 through the instruction output module, realizing the automated initiation of the control behavior.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The water, fertilizer, and oxygen co-supply module 3 is used for the co-preparation and mixing of water, fertilizer, and oxygen. It includes an irrigation water supply unit 301, a fertilizer injection unit 302, and a micro-nano bubble oxygen generation and online mixing unit 303. The irrigation water supply unit 301 includes a booster pump connected to the water source and a multi-stage filtration device. The booster pump provides stable power for irrigation, and the filtration device effectively removes impurities and particulate matter from the water source, preventing blockage of subsequent pipelines and components. The fertilizer injection unit 302 adopts a proportional fertilizer pump structure, controlling the injection volume and speed to achieve proportional mixing of fertilizer and irrigation water, ensuring that the water and fertilizer concentration meets the crop growth requirements. The micro-nano bubble oxygen generation and online mixing unit 303 adopts a dissolved gas release structure, using high-pressure dissolved gas to fully dissolve oxygen in the water, and then releasing micro-nano-level bubbles online through a release component. These bubbles further fuse with the water-fertilizer mixture in the irrigation pipeline through turbulence, ultimately forming an oxygen-rich irrigation solution.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 The distribution module 4 is used to accurately and evenly deliver oxygen-enriched irrigation solution to the roots of each crop, including the distribution pipeline network 401 and the irrigation device 402. The distribution pipeline network 401 adopts a field trunk and branch pipeline network made of corrosion-resistant and pressure-resistant PE material. It is laid out reasonably according to the planting layout and crop row spacing of the facility vegetable field to form a complete delivery network from the main pipeline to the field branch pipeline, ensuring that the oxygen-enriched irrigation solution can cover all crop planting areas. The irrigation device 402 uses drip irrigation tape or drip arrows, which are connected to the distribution pipeline network 401 through an interface and are evenly distributed according to the location of the crop roots. It can deliver the oxygen-enriched irrigation solution to the root zone soil in a slow and continuous drip irrigation manner, avoiding local water accumulation or uneven nutrient distribution, and ensuring that the rhizosphere environment of each crop receives a balanced supply of water, fertilizer and oxygen.

[0038] Based on the above overall introduction, specifically, as an exemplary structural form, refer to Figure 1In the water-fertilizer-oxygen co-supply module 3 of this embodiment, the micro-nano bubble oxygen generated by the micro-nano bubble oxygen generator and online mixing unit 303 has a diameter of less than 100 micrometers, possessing a small bubble diameter. These small-diameter micro-nano bubbles can achieve efficient mixing with water and fertilizer within the irrigation pipe, are less prone to floating and bursting, allowing oxygen to remain in the irrigation solution for a longer period. When the oxygen-enriched irrigation solution is delivered to the root zone, the small-diameter bubbles can be more evenly distributed in the rhizosphere soil, increasing the contact area between oxygen and soil, improving the dissolved oxygen efficiency of the rhizosphere soil, and thus more effectively regulating the rhizosphere redox environment.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 The control logic of the central intelligent control module 2 adopts a dual-mode triggering system: an event-triggered mode and a state feedback-triggered mode. The event-triggered mode is associated with the initiation of irrigation or fertilization programs. When irrigation or fertilization operations are carried out, the system automatically initiates coordinated oxygenation operations to ensure that the rhizosphere oxygen environment is simultaneously optimized during the critical stages of crop water and fertilizer demand. The state feedback-triggered mode is based on real-time redox potential data monitored by the information sensing module 1. When the data indicates that the rhizosphere environment deviates from the suitable range, the system automatically initiates regulatory measures.

[0040] The dual-mode triggering design enables the system to respond to key agricultural events in agricultural production and to address dynamic changes in the rhizosphere environment in real time. This avoids the problems of untimely or insufficient regulation under a single triggering mode, making the coordinated regulation of water, fertilizer, and oxygen more flexible and precise, and further enhancing the effect of inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 The redox potential threshold set in this system is a lower warning limit, ranging from +150mV to +250mV. This threshold range is determined based on the influence of the rhizosphere environment on microbial activity and the spread of antibiotic resistance genes. When the redox potential monitored by the information sensing module 1 is lower than this lower warning limit, it indicates that the oxygen content in the rhizosphere environment is insufficient, which may promote the proliferation and gene transfer of antibiotic resistance gene host bacteria.

[0042] By setting this lower warning limit, the central intelligent control module 2 can promptly detect adverse changes in the rhizosphere environment and then automatically initiate regulatory measures to replenish rhizosphere oxygen, maintain the oxidation-reduction potential within a suitable range, effectively avoid the risk of antibiotic resistance gene spread due to environmental imbalance, and ensure the stability of the inhibition effect.

[0043] Reference Figure 1The pre-defined irrigation and fertilization event specifically refers to the process of applying liquid fertilizer containing organic matter. This is because liquid fertilizer containing organic matter may carry exogenous antibiotic resistance genes during the application process. At the same time, the introduction of such fertilizer may also change the structure of the rhizosphere microbial community, providing favorable conditions for the spread of antibiotic resistance genes. This is a critical period for the introduction of antibiotic resistance genes.

[0044] By setting the operation process as a specific irrigation and fertilization event, the system can automatically initiate water, fertilizer, and oxygen synergistic regulation at this critical juncture. By synchronously increasing oxygen to change the rhizosphere microenvironment, it inhibits the survival and spread of antibiotic resistance genes from the source, solving the problem that existing technologies cannot intervene synchronously during critical windows, and improving the pertinence and effectiveness of the inhibition measures.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] This application provides a method for applying to the above-mentioned system for inhibiting the spread of soil resistance genes by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen, including the following steps: S1, System deployment and parameter setting: Install the system that inhibits the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in the soil of the facility vegetable field by regulating water, fertilizer and oxygen; set the target regulation range and warning lower limit value of the redox potential of the root zone soil in the central intelligent control module 2. S2, intelligent triggering and decision-making, activates the corresponding trigger mode based on preset irrigation and fertilization events or real-time monitored redox potential data, and generates collaborative operation instructions; S3 executes the command to simultaneously and evenly distribute water, fertilizer, and micro-nano bubble oxygen to the crop root zone; S4. Effect evaluation and feedback: Rhizosphere soil samples are collected regularly, and the abundance changes of mobile genetic elements are detected by quantitative PCR technology as a key indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of antibiotic resistance gene spread risk control, and feedback is provided to optimize regulatory parameters.

[0047] Reference Figure 2This embodiment describes a method for inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in greenhouse vegetable fields. Applied to the system in Embodiment 1, the method comprises four steps. First, system deployment and parameter setting: After installing the entire system appropriately within the greenhouse vegetable field, the target regulation range and lower warning limit of the redox potential in the root zone soil are defined in the central intelligent control module 2, providing a clear reference standard for subsequent regulation operations. Next, the system enters the intelligent triggering and decision-making stage. Based on preset irrigation and fertilization events or real-time redox potential data monitored by the information sensing module 1, the system activates the corresponding trigger mode, thereby generating precise water, fertilizer, and oxygen synergistic operation instructions. Following this is the instruction execution step: the system synchronously and uniformly delivers water, fertilizer, and micro-nano bubble oxygen to the crop root zone according to the generated synergistic operation instructions, achieving regulation of the rhizosphere environment. Finally, the effect evaluation and feedback step involves periodically collecting rhizosphere soil samples and using quantitative PCR technology to detect changes in the abundance of mobile genetic elements. This serves as an indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of antibiotic resistance gene spread risk control, and the regulation parameters are further optimized based on the detection results.

[0048] This method enables dynamic and precise regulation of the rhizosphere environment, effectively inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes. At the same time, the evaluation and feedback mechanism continuously optimizes the regulatory strategy, thereby continuously improving the inhibition effect.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 In the system setup and parameter setting steps, the target range for adjusting the redox potential of the root zone soil is set between +200mV and +400mV, corresponding to a microaerobic environment. The characteristics of a microaerobic environment determine that it is unfavorable to the proliferation of host bacteria of most antibiotic resistance genes, and at the same time, it will reduce the activity of gene transfer. This environmental condition fundamentally inhibits the basis for the spread of antibiotic resistance genes.

[0050] By setting the target regulation range to this interval, the system can specifically maintain the rhizosphere environment in a state that is conducive to inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes during subsequent regulation processes. This avoids the problem of unstable inhibition effect caused by environmental fluctuations, making the inhibition effect more fundamental and lasting. At the same time, the microaerobic environment can also adapt to the respiration needs of crop roots, helping crop growth.

[0051] Reference Figure 2 During the execution of the instructions, the delivery and mixing of oxygen-enriched water-fertilizer solution covers the entire fertilization process and continues for 30 to 60 minutes after fertilization. The fertilization period is a critical stage for the introduction of antibiotic resistance genes. Simultaneous delivery of oxygen-enriched water-fertilizer solution at this time can promptly alter the rhizosphere microenvironment, inhibiting the survival and spread of antibiotic resistance genes. After fertilization, the rhizosphere environment may still be in a state conducive to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes; continuing the delivery and mixing operation can continuously optimize the rhizosphere environment and consolidate the inhibitory effect.

[0052] This continuous matching design ensures that the inhibitory measures are implemented throughout the critical stages of antibiotic resistance gene input and subsequent potential spread, avoiding the risk of rebound due to discontinuous regulation, making the inhibitory effect more continuous and stable, and further improving the ability to control the risk of resistance gene spread.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 In the effect evaluation and feedback step, class I integron genes were selected as marker genes for mobile genetic elements. Mobile genetic elements are key vectors for the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes, and class I integron genes are representative of mobile genetic elements; their abundance changes can directly reflect the diffusion potential of antibiotic resistance genes.

[0054] Using this gene as a marker gene and detecting its abundance changes through quantitative PCR, the control effect on the risk of antibiotic resistance gene spread can be accurately and directly assessed. Compared with detecting the abundance of total antibiotic resistance genes, this method is more targeted and accurate. Optimizing regulatory parameters based on these detection results allows subsequent regulatory measures to better meet actual needs, continuously improve the inhibitory effect, and ensure the practicality and effectiveness of the system and method.

[0055] The actual effects of this application will be further explained below with reference to specific applications.

[0056] The process of applying this application in a certain solar greenhouse tomato growing area is as follows: First, deploy the drip irrigation system and install sensors at typical locations in the tomato root zone. Connect a dissolved air release micro / nano bubble generator to the main irrigation pipeline.

[0057] Set an event trigger so that the aerator starts simultaneously when the fertilizer pump starts and continues to run for 40 minutes after fertilization is completed; set a status trigger so that aeration starts for 30 minutes when the sensor reading is below +180mV for 30 consecutive minutes.

[0058] During the tomato fruit enlargement stage, apply organic liquid fertilizer containing humic acid and amino acids. The system automatically enters event-triggered mode and executes 2-hour water-fertilizer-oxygen synergistic irrigation. During this period, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the root zone irrigation solution is maintained at 6.5±1.0 mg / L, and the soil redox potential remains stable between +250 and +350 mV.

[0059] After the entire growing season, rhizosphere soil samples were collected from the treatment area of ​​this invention and the control area that only underwent conventional fertigation. Real-time quantitative PCR detection revealed that the copy number of class I integrontogenes in the soil of the treatment area was significantly reduced by 68.5% compared to the control area. Simultaneously, 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis showed beneficial changes in the microbial community structure of the treatment area, with a decrease in the relative abundance of potential host genera associated with ARGs transmission. Tomato yield increased by 7.3% compared to the control area, and fruit quality indicators also improved.

[0060] The above descriptions are merely some embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. The technical features or structures in the foregoing different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined to form other specific technical solutions as needed. For those skilled in the art, this application can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A system for inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in greenhouse vegetable fields by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen, characterized in that, include: The information sensing module (1) is deployed in the crop root zone to monitor core rhizosphere environmental parameters in real time, including a soil redox potential sensor (101) and a soil moisture sensor (102). The central intelligent control module (2) receives real-time data from the information sensing module (1), is embedded or connected to the irrigation and fertilization management program, has built-in control logic, and can automatically generate water-fertilizer-oxygen synergistic operation instructions based on preset irrigation and fertilization events or real-time monitored redox potential thresholds. The water, fertilizer and oxygen co-supply module (3) includes an irrigation water supply unit (301), a fertilizer injection unit (302) and a micro-nano bubble oxygen generation and online mixing unit (303). The micro-nano bubble oxygen generation and online mixing unit (303) can generate and efficiently mix micro-nano bubble oxygen online in the irrigation pipeline to form a stable oxygen-rich irrigation solution. The delivery module (4) is used to deliver the oxygen-enriched irrigation solution to the roots of each crop.

2. The system for inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in greenhouse vegetable fields by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The micro-nano bubble oxygen generation and online mixing unit (303) produces bubbles with a diameter of less than 100 micrometers.

3. The system for inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in greenhouse vegetable fields by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The control logic of the central intelligent control module (2) is a dual-mode trigger, including an event trigger mode based on the start of irrigation or fertilization programs, and a state feedback trigger mode based on real-time oxidation-reduction potential data.

4. The system for inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in greenhouse vegetable fields by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The redox potential threshold is a warning lower limit value, which ranges from +150mV to +250mV.

5. The system for inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in greenhouse vegetable fields by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The preset irrigation and fertilization event is the process of applying liquid fertilizer containing organic matter.

6. The system for inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in greenhouse vegetable fields by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that... The distribution module (4) includes a distribution pipeline (401) and a water emitter (402), and the water emitter (402) is connected to the distribution pipeline (401).

7. A method for inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in greenhouse vegetable fields by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen, applied to the system for inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in greenhouse vegetable fields by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, System setup and parameter setting: Install the system described above that inhibits the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in the soil of the facility vegetable field by regulating water, fertilizer and oxygen. Set the target regulation range and warning lower limit value of the redox potential of the root zone soil in the central intelligent control module (2). S2, intelligent triggering and decision-making, activates the corresponding trigger mode based on preset irrigation and fertilization events or real-time monitored redox potential data, and generates collaborative operation instructions; S3 executes the command to simultaneously and evenly distribute water, fertilizer, and micro-nano bubble oxygen to the crop root zone; S4. Effect evaluation and feedback: Rhizosphere soil samples are collected regularly, and the abundance changes of mobile genetic elements are detected by quantitative PCR technology as a key indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of antibiotic resistance gene spread risk control, and feedback is provided to optimize regulatory parameters.

8. The method for inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in greenhouse vegetable fields by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen, as described in claim 7, is characterized in that... The target regulation range in step S1 is a microaerobic environment, and the corresponding redox potential value is maintained between +200mV and +400mV.

9. A method for inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in greenhouse vegetable fields by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen, as described in claim 7, characterized in that... The transport and distribution operation in step S3 covers the entire fertilization process and continues for 30 to 60 minutes after fertilization is completed.

10. The method for inhibiting the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in greenhouse vegetable fields by regulating water, fertilizer, and oxygen, as described in claim 7, is characterized in that... The marker gene for the mobile genetic element in step S4 is a class I integron gene.

Images