High-pressure separation equipment

Abstract

The invention provides high-pressure separation equipment which comprises an upper seal head, a barrel and a lower conical section which are mutually connected from top to bottom, a mixed phase inlet and a liquid phase outlet are formed in the barrel, and a solid-liquid separation guide pipe is arranged in the barrel and connected with the liquid phase outlet. The solid-liquid separation guide pipe comprises a vertical guide pipe, a spiral guide sheet, a detachable flange and a guide pipe elbow, the detachable flange is arranged at the upper part of the vertical guide pipe and is connected with the elbow, the spiral guide sheet is arranged in the vertical guide pipe, the spiral angle of the spiral guide sheet is not less than 45 degrees, and the mixed phase inlet is symmetrically arranged relative to the central line of the liquid phase outlet; a baffle is arranged inside the cylinder body and right opposite to each mixed-phase inlet, two streams of oil gas are prevented from being directly collided and mixed, the path of the oil gas entering the liquid-phase outlet is prolonged, the retention time is prolonged, the lower cone section is arranged on the lower portion of the cylinder body, and the cone angle alpha of the lower cone section is smaller than or equal to 30 degrees. And the operation period is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of high-pressure equipment, and relates to a device for realizing the separation of gas, liquid and solid in a medium under high operating pressure, in particular to a high-pressure separation device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The boiling-solid composite boiling bed heavy oil hydrogenation or hydrocracking device is a newly developed key technical equipment for deep processing of poor heavy oil. A small amount of catalyst particles in the boiling bed reactor will escape with the reaction product (oil gas). If these solid catalyst particles enter the subsequent processing gas phase and liquid phase equipment, it will seriously affect the performance of the related equipment, such as causing the reaction efficiency of the subsequent fixed bed reactor to decrease, and other subsequent related pipelines and equipment to be scaled, worn, and blocked, etc., and causing unexpected loss of catalyst. In order to solve this key technical problem, the present application develops a special high-pressure separation device.

[0003] The device operates under high pressure conditions, and its main function is to realize efficient separation of oil, gas and solid catalyst particles:

[0004] Gas phase separation: the separated gas phase escapes from the top of the device.

[0005] Oil-gas separation: the treated oil and a small amount of gas mixed phase flow out from the liquid phase outlet in the middle.

[0006] Solid phase enrichment: the mixture of small catalyst particles and part of the liquid phase is discharged from the bottom and recirculated into the boiling bed reactor, thereby realizing effective capture and enrichment of solids.

[0007] Patent CN201426991Y discloses a non-powered gravity type solid-liquid separation device, which is a vertical structure, including a feed inlet, a separation bin and a liquid outlet. The lower part of the separation bin is in the shape of an inverted cone, and the lower part of the side wall of the separation bin is provided with a viewing window. The feed inlet is arranged at the upper part of the separation bin, and the liquid outlet is arranged at the bottom of the separation bin. The device realizes one-stage solid-liquid separation and removes 60% to 70% of water. However, the device cannot be used to completely remove solid catalyst from the liquid phase to avoid the catalyst entering the subsequent liquid phase equipment.

[0008] Patent CN121082026A discloses a hydrogen production tail gas filtration and separation device, which includes a separation tank, an air guiding component, a filter plate, a triggering component, a spraying component and an activated carbon filter cover. The air guiding component ensures that the tail gas fully contacts clean water, the triggering component realizes water vapor liquid separation by using air pressure enhancement, and the spraying component and the cleaning brush cooperate to automatically clean the filter plate, which can effectively solve the problems of insufficient tail gas adsorption, lack of gas-liquid separation and filter component blockage. However, the device is not suitable for three-phase separation of gas, liquid and solid, and its structure is complex and not suitable for high-pressure operating conditions. SUMMARY

[0009] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, realize the three-phase separation of gas, liquid and solid in the medium under high operating pressure, and prevent the micro solid particles (catalyst, etc.) contained in the medium from entering the device for subsequent treatment of the liquid phase, the application provides a high-pressure separation device.

[0010] The high-pressure separation device provided by the application mainly comprises an upper head, a cylinder body and a lower cone section which are connected with each other from top to bottom, a mixed-phase inlet and a liquid-phase outlet are arranged on the cylinder body, a solid-liquid separation guide pipe is arranged in the cylinder body and connected with the liquid-phase outlet, the solid-liquid separation guide pipe comprises a vertical guide pipe, a spiral guide piece, a detachable flange and a guide pipe elbow, the detachable flange is arranged at the upper part of the vertical guide pipe and connected with the elbow, the spiral guide piece is arranged in the vertical guide pipe, and the spiral angle of the spiral guide piece is not less than 45°, the mixed-phase inlet is arranged symmetrically relative to the center line of the liquid-phase outlet, baffles are arranged opposite to each mixed-phase inlet in the cylinder body, so as to prevent two oil-gas flows from directly colliding and mixing, prolong the path of the oil-gas flow into the liquid-phase outlet and increase the residence time, and the lower cone section is arranged at the lower part of the cylinder body, and the cone angle α of the lower cone section is ≤30°.

[0011] The upper head is arranged at the upper part of the cylinder body and welded with the cylinder body, has a semispherical shape, an upper manhole is welded at the upper part of the upper head, and a gas-phase outlet is arranged on the end face of the flange of the upper manhole.

[0012] The gas-phase outlet comprises a reducing flange, a gas-phase elbow, a horizontal pipe and an outlet flange, one end of the flange face of the reducing flange is connected with the upper manhole in a matched mode, the other end is welded with the gas-phase elbow and has the same diameter as the gas-phase outlet.

[0013] A support skirt is arranged outside the lower cone section, the support skirt is welded with the upper part of the lower cone section and used for supporting and fixing the whole device.

[0014] A solid-phase outlet is arranged at the bottom of the lower cone section and comprises an upper end flange, a lower end interface flange and an intermediate cone section, the upper end flange is connected with the lower manhole in a matched mode, and the cone angle β of the intermediate cone section is ≤30°.

[0015] A lower manhole is arranged at the lower part of the lower cone section, and the flange end face of the lower manhole should extend to the outside of the skirt.

[0016] In order to monitor the liquid level in the device, a liquid level meter opening for measuring the liquid level is arranged on the cylinder body, and the number of liquid level meter openings is determined according to specific monitoring requirements.

[0017] The mixed-phase inlet and the liquid-phase outlet arranged on the cylinder body are arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction, that is, three pipe openings are arranged at an angle of 120°.

[0018] The structural design of the separation device is suitable for high pressure conditions, and the sealing surfaces of all flanges of the device adopt ring joint surfaces (RJ) or tongue and groove surfaces (TG) when used under high pressure, and the relevant wall thicknesses of the upper head, cylinder and lower cone section are calculated according to the pressure borne.

[0019] The working principle of the present application is: the mixed phase medium from the previous section enters the device through the mixed phase inlet, after separation in the device, a large amount of light gas escapes from the top gas phase outlet, the liquid phase and a small part of gas flow out of the device through the liquid phase outlet, and the solid particles in the medium and part of the liquid phase will be enriched at the bottom of the device and leave the device through the solid phase outlet.

[0020] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1) Innovative liquid-solid separation structure, compared with the traditional cavity design, by setting the liquid-solid separation guide pipe and baffle, the solid-liquid separation capacity is effectively improved, which can effectively remove the small solid particles entrained in oil and gas, protect the downstream equipment, and reduce the loss of valuable catalyst;

[0022] 2) The device is designed for high pressure and high temperature conditions to ensure stability and safety under harsh process conditions;

[0023] 3) Double-symmetrical inlet design, compared with the traditional one inlet design, the flow field is optimized, the low-speed area (dead zone) existing in the device is effectively reduced, the coking rate of heavy oil in the device is effectively reduced, and the operation cycle is prolonged;

[0024] 4) Considering the coking characteristics of heavy oil, setting the upper and lower manholes and the detachable flange of the liquid-solid separation guide pipe facilitates coke removal and maintenance, and improves the maintainability of the device;

[0025] 5) Compact structure, the device structure is optimized, which not only ensures the separation performance, but also has the advantage of small occupied area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The structure of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0027] Figure 2 The present application Figure 1 The orientation of the pipe opening is shown in the figure.

[0028] In the diagram: 1-Cylinder, 2-Lower conical section, 3-Upper end cap, 4-Support skirt, 5-Baffle, 6-Liquid-solid separation conduit, 7-Solid phase outlet, 8-Lower manhole, 9-Gas phase outlet, 10-Upper manhole, 11-Mixed phase inlet, 12-Liquid phase outlet, 13-Level gauge port, 61-Vertical conduit, 62-Spiral guide vane, 63-Removable flange, 64-Conduit elbow, 71-Lower end interface flange, 72-Intermediate conical section, 73-Upper end flange, 91-Reducing flange, 92-Gas phase elbow, 93-Gas phase horizontal pipe, 94-Gas phase outlet flange. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this invention patent develops a separation device for efficient separation of oil, gas, and solid catalyst particles, preventing solid catalyst particles from entering subsequent gas and liquid phase processing equipment and reducing unexpected catalyst loss. This is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the device in this invention patent is a vertical device, which is supported and fixed by a supporting skirt 4. The device mainly consists of a cylinder 1, a lower conical section 2, an upper end cap 3, a supporting skirt 4, a baffle 5, a liquid-solid separation conduit 6, a solid phase outlet 7, a lower manhole 8, a gas phase outlet 9, an upper manhole 10, a mixed phase inlet 11, a liquid phase outlet 12, and a liquid level gauge port 13.

[0032] When the oil and gas containing a small amount of catalyst from the fluidized bed enters the high-pressure separation device through the two miscible inlets 11-1 and 11-2, the baffle 5 can prevent the two streams of oil and gas from directly colliding and mixing and prolong the path of the oil and gas into the liquid phase outlet to increase the residence time. At the same time, it can prevent direct impact on the liquid-solid separation conduit 6.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention patent provides two mixed-phase inlets 11-1 and 11-2. The two mixed-phase inlets should be arranged symmetrically with respect to the center line of the liquid phase outlet. In a preferred embodiment, the three nozzles are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, that is, the three nozzles are arranged at 120°.

[0034] After the oil and gas enter the equipment, they disperse and mix in three dimensions due to inertia. However, under the influence of gravity, the solid catalyst and some liquid phase accumulate in the lower conical section 2 at the bottom of the equipment, and leave the equipment through the lower manhole 8 and the solid phase outlet 7, before entering the catalyst circulation system. To facilitate the outflow of solid catalyst and prevent deposition, the cone angle β of the middle conical section 72 between the lower conical section 2 and the solid phase outlet 7 is ≤30°.

[0035] A large amount of light gas escapes from the top of the equipment through the manhole 10 and the gas phase outlet 9.

[0036] The liquid phase and a small amount of gas will flow out of the device through the liquid phase outlet 12 after passing through the liquid-solid separation conduit 6.

[0037] The liquid-solid separation conduit 6 is arranged inside the cylinder 1 and is in communication with the liquid phase outlet 12, and its function is to prevent a small amount of catalyst from being carried out of the device by the oil gas through the liquid phase outlet 12. The liquid-solid separation conduit 6 is composed of a vertical conduit 61, a spiral guide vane 62, a detachable flange 63 and a conduit elbow 64. When the catalyst is carried into the liquid-solid separation conduit 6 by the oil gas, the spiral guide vane 62 changes the flow direction of the oil gas, and the catalyst will slow down and drop after impacting the guide vane. The detachable flange 63 is arranged to facilitate the removal of the catalyst deposited in the liquid-solid separation conduit after a long period of operation and the oil gas that may be scaled.

[0038] In order to remove the catalyst deposited in the device and the scaled oil gas and to carry out maintenance, the lower and upper manholes 8 and 10 are arranged at the top and bottom of the device, respectively.

[0039] In order to monitor the liquid level inside the device, the liquid level meter ports 13-1 and 13-2 for measuring the liquid level are arranged on the cylinder.

[0040] The above description is only a typical example of the present application and does not limit the present application in any form. Any skilled person in the art can make changes or modifications to the above technical content without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present application, and such changes or modifications shall be regarded as equivalent examples. Any equivalent changes made to the above examples based on the technical essence of the present application without departing from the technical solution of the present application shall be regarded as within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-pressure separation device, characterized in that: The device comprises an upper end cap, a cylindrical body, and a lower conical section connected from top to bottom. A mixed-phase inlet and a liquid-phase outlet are provided on the cylindrical body. A solid-liquid separation conduit is provided inside the cylindrical body and connected to the liquid-phase outlet. The solid-liquid separation conduit includes a vertical conduit, a spiral guide vane, a detachable flange, and a conduit elbow. The detachable flange is located at the upper part of the vertical conduit and is connected to the elbow. The spiral guide vane is located inside the vertical conduit and its spiral angle is not less than 45°. The mixed-phase inlets are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the liquid-phase outlet. A baffle is provided inside the cylindrical body directly opposite each mixed-phase inlet to prevent the two streams of oil and gas from directly colliding and mixing and to prolong the path of the oil and gas into the liquid-phase outlet, thereby increasing the residence time. The lower conical section is located at the lower part of the cylindrical body, and the cone angle α of the lower conical section is ≤30°.

2. The high-pressure separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end cap is located on the upper part of the cylinder and is welded to the cylinder. It is hemispherical in shape. An upper manhole is welded on the upper part of the upper end cap, and a gas outlet is provided on the end face of the upper manhole flange.

3. The high-pressure separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas phase outlet includes a reducing flange, a gas phase elbow, a horizontal pipe, and an outlet flange. One end of the flange face of the reducing flange is paired with and connected to the upper manhole, and the other end is welded to the gas phase elbow and has the same diameter as the gas phase outlet.

4. The high-pressure separation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support skirt is provided on the outside of the lower cone section. The support skirt is welded to the upper part of the lower cone section to support and fix the entire device.

5. The high-pressure separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A solid phase outlet is provided at the bottom of the lower conical section, including an upper flange, a lower interface flange, and an intermediate conical section. The upper flange is paired with and connected to the lower manhole, and the cone angle β of the intermediate conical section is ≤30°.

6. The high-pressure separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lower manhole is provided at the lower part of the lower cone section, and the flange end face of the lower manhole extends to the outside of the skirt.

7. The high-pressure separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In order to monitor the liquid level inside the equipment, a liquid level gauge port is opened on the cylinder to measure the liquid level. The number of liquid level gauge ports is determined according to the specific monitoring requirements.

8. The high-pressure separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixed-phase inlet and liquid-phase outlet on the cylinder are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, that is, the three inlets are arranged at 120°.

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