A machining center for metal pieces and a machining method thereof

Abstract

The application is suitable for the technical field of metal part processing, and provides a machining center for metal parts and a machining method thereof.The machining center comprises a workbench, a displacement assembly for adjusting the position of the metal part, the displacement assembly comprising a first driving slide rail installed on the top of the workbench and a second driving slide rail sliding on the top of the first driving slide rail, and the top of the second driving slide rail is provided with a positioning mechanism, and a blocking assembly for blocking the metal part and guiding the cutting point, the blocking assembly comprising a thin air cylinder arranged on the top of the positioning mechanism.The device solves the problems of material stacking and cutting piece scratching, cutting interference, precision decline and low product qualification rate during the cutting of the surrounding parts in batches, and the device can stably block the workpiece, avoid the interference between the material and the cutting piece, guarantee the machining precision and surface quality and improve the product qualification rate by means of the swing plate adhering to the two sides of the cutting point of the metal part to form a lower knife gap.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal parts processing technology, and more specifically, to a machining center for metal parts and a machining method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] In the lost-wax precision casting process, wax models are typically assembled and welded together in a tree-like pattern. After casting and dewaxing, a tree of metal parts with integral runner residue is formed. Multiple metal parts arranged around the tree need to be separated from the residue using cutting equipment to obtain individual finished workpieces. Currently, the cutting of these metal parts largely relies on metal machining centers, using high-speed cutting blades to separate the metal parts from the runner residue.

[0003] For metal parts arranged in a ring, a row-by-row cutting method is adopted. The cutting blade of the cutting equipment first aligns with the metal parts in the same circumference of the string, and completes the cutting and separation of the entire row of metal parts and the scrap. Then, the string of metal parts and the scrap are rotated as a whole at a set angle, so that the next row of metal parts to be processed is accurately fed to the cutting station. This cycle is repeated to complete the cutting operation of all metal parts.

[0004] During the above-mentioned row-by-row cutting process, because the parts on the metal parts are arranged in a tightly wrapped manner, the cut-off parts cannot be easily removed from the cutting area by gravity. When the cutting blade cuts into the next part in the same row, the piled-up parts will come into contact with the cutting blade and rub against it. This will not only change the preset movement trajectory of the cutting blade and cause cutting interference, but also cause the workpiece processing accuracy to deteriorate and the surface quality to decline, seriously affecting the finished product qualification rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a machining center for metal parts and a machining method thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a machining center for metal parts, including a worktable.

[0007] A displacement assembly for adjusting the position of a metal part, the displacement assembly including a first drive slide rail mounted on the top of the worktable and a second drive slide rail sliding on the top of the first drive slide rail, the top of the second drive slide rail being equipped with a positioning mechanism.

[0008] A material blocking assembly is used to block metal parts and guide the cutting point. The material blocking assembly includes a thin cylinder disposed on the top of the positioning mechanism. A clamping cylinder is mounted on the top of the thin cylinder. Both drive ends of the clamping cylinder are connected to connecting rods. A swing plate is disposed at the bottom end of the side wall of the connecting rod.

[0009] A CCD camera is installed inside the positioning mechanism and is used to capture images of the position and angle of the two swing plates.

[0010] Cutting assembly for vertical cutting of metal parts.

[0011] A support frame is used to support the cutting assembly.

[0012] Material control components are used to assist in the cutting of metal parts.

[0013] It also includes a controller, which receives the shooting data from the CCD camera and executes the control logic of each component.

[0014] The invention is further configured such that the controller is electrically connected to the displacement component, the cutting component, the material control component, the material blocking component, and the CCD camera, respectively.

[0015] The positioning mechanism includes a positioning frame that slides on the top of the second drive slide rail and a positioning cylinder installed on one side of the positioning frame. The piston rod of the positioning cylinder extends into the interior of the positioning frame and is connected to a second rotary cylinder. A sliding frame slides inside the positioning frame. The second rotary cylinder is installed on the side wall of the sliding frame. A positioning clamp is installed at the output end of the second rotary cylinder.

[0016] The positioning frame has a feeding groove on the side away from the positioning cylinder. The feeding groove is used to support the metal part, and the positioning chuck is used to clamp and position one end of the metal part.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that: the cutting assembly includes a carrier mounted on the top of the support frame and a hinge frame hinged to the top of the carrier frame; a cutting motor is mounted on one side of the hinge frame; the output end of the cutting motor is connected to a cutting blade; an adjusting cylinder is hinged on the carrier frame; and the piston rod end of the adjusting cylinder is hinged to one end of the hinge frame.

[0018] The present invention is further configured such that: the material blocking assembly further includes a guide rail mounted on the top of the positioning frame and a slide table sliding on the top of the guide rail; a drive cylinder is also mounted on the top of the positioning frame; and the piston rod end of the drive cylinder is connected to one side of the slide table.

[0019] The present invention is further configured such that: a rotating rod is rotatably inserted through one side of each of the connecting rods, one end of the rotating rod is connected to a corresponding swing plate, and a torsion spring is sleeved on the end of the rotating rod away from the swing plate, and the two ends of the torsion spring are respectively connected to the outer wall of the corresponding rotating rod and the side wall of the corresponding connecting rod.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that when the two swing plates are in an inclined state, a virtual extension line is drawn downward along the inclination angle of the swing plates, and the intersection of the two extension lines is a virtual intersection point.

[0021] The present invention is further configured such that: the material control assembly includes an adjusting cylinder installed on one side of the support frame, the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder is connected to the mounting frame, the material control rotary cylinder is installed inside the mounting frame, and the output end of the material control rotary cylinder is connected to a V-shaped support plate.

[0022] The present invention is further configured such that: a positioning frame is installed on the top of the workbench, a receiving hopper is installed on the top of the positioning frame, and an inclined part is provided on one side of the receiving hopper, the inclined part being positioned towards the metal part.

[0023] A method for machining metal parts, using a machining center for metal parts as described above, includes the following steps:

[0024] S1. Position the metal part using a positioning mechanism, and then drive the metal part to rotate using the positioning mechanism, so that there is no obstruction above the point to be cut on the metal part.

[0025] S2. Then, the material blocking assembly is used to reach the metal part to be cut, and two swing plates are used to block the parts on both sides of the metal part to be cut.

[0026] S3. Use a CCD camera to capture the angle and position of the two swing plates. After capturing the images, transmit the data to the controller. Use the controller to perform cutting control, that is, determine the minimum distance and angle between the two swing plates and optimize the cutting path of the cutting component.

[0027] S4. Then, the position of the metal part is adjusted by the first drive slide rail and the second drive slide rail, so that the cutting point of the metal part is moved to the bottom of the cutting component. At the same time, the material control component supports the part to be cut. Then, the cutting component cuts the metal part. After the cutting is completed, the two swing plates are removed from the metal part, and the first drive slide rail drives the metal part to retract away from the cutting component. Then, the material control component collects the cut parts. Then, the positioning mechanism drives the metal part to rotate to the position of the next cutting point. Steps S1-S3 are used to adjust again, and then the cutting component cuts the metal again. This process is repeated.

[0028] The more specific steps of the cutting control strategy in step S3 are as follows:

[0029] S31. Visual perception detection and posture modeling: The CCD camera is used to acquire images containing the bottom working edges of the two swing plates, identify and extract the working edge features of the two swing plates, calculate the tilt angle of the two swing plates, measure the measured distance between the working edges of the two swing plates, and establish the current posture parameter set of the two swing plates.

[0030] S32. Cutting path spatial prediction: The two swing plates are virtually extended along the tilt angle, and the virtual intersection of the two extension lines is calculated. The cutting path is predicted based on the positional relationship between the virtual intersection and the cutting starting plane.

[0031] S33, Intelligent Safety Decision: Based on the measured distance between the working edges of the two swing plates and the relative positional relationship between the virtual intersection and the cutting starting plane, a cutting decision is made to optimize the cutting path of the cutting components.

[0032] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0033] (1) By setting up a material blocking component, the position and height of the swing plate are adjusted by the coordinated action of the drive cylinder, the thin cylinder and the clamping cylinder. With the help of the torsion spring, the swing plate is tightly attached to the side walls on both sides of the metal part to be cut, forming a dedicated cutting gap of the cutting blade. This can not only stably block the parts on both sides of the metal part to be cut, but also prevent the already cut parts from accumulating and rubbing against the cutting blade, thus preventing cutting interference from the root and ensuring the workpiece processing accuracy and surface quality, effectively improving the finished product qualification rate.

[0034] (2) By setting up a material control component, the cylinder drives the V-shaped pallet to rise and fall to a height that matches the part to be cut, so that it extends under the part to be cut to support it. After cutting, the material control rotary cylinder drives the V-shaped pallet to flip and drop the part. With the guiding effect of the inclined part of the receiving hopper, the problem of complex parts being easily stuck on metal parts after being cut and difficult to fall by their own weight is solved, so as to achieve stable collection of parts and ensure the continuity of the processing flow.

[0035] (3) The position and angle data of the swing plate are collected by the CCD camera. The control system built into the controller analyzes and processes the data, calculates the virtual intersection of the tilt extension lines of the two swing plates, and drives the second rotary cylinder to adjust the angle of the metal part to optimize the cutting path through the two-level logic of comparing the measured distance with the threshold and judging the position of the virtual intersection. It can be adapted to the processing of metal parts with small spacing between the cutting points, avoids the interference problem caused by the closure of the cutting channel, and significantly improves the cutting accuracy and processing adaptability of metal parts. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a machining center for metal parts according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A side view structural diagram.

[0038] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial structural diagram.

[0039] Figure 4for Figure 3 A partial side view of the structure.

[0040] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the two swing plates in this invention.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the two swing plates in their separated swing state in this invention.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the material control component structure in this invention.

[0044] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of the processing method in this invention.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Workbench;

[0046] 2. Displacement component; 21. First drive slide rail; 22. Second drive slide rail;

[0047] 23. Positioning mechanism; 231. Positioning frame; 232. Positioning cylinder; 233. Feed chute; 234. Sliding frame; 235. Second rotary cylinder; 236. Positioning clamp;

[0048] 3. Support frame;

[0049] 4. Cutting assembly; 41. Carrier; 42. Hinge frame; 43. Cutting motor; 44. Adjusting cylinder; 45. Cutting disc;

[0050] 5. Material control assembly; 51. Positioning frame; 52. Receiving hopper; 53. Mounting frame; 54. Material control rotary cylinder; 55. V-shaped support plate; 56. Adjusting cylinder;

[0051] 6. Material blocking assembly; 61. Guide rail; 62. Slide table; 63. Drive cylinder; 64. Thin cylinder; 65. Clamping cylinder; 66. Connecting rod; 67. Swing plate; 68. Rotating rod; 69. Torsion spring;

[0052] 7. CCD camera. Detailed Implementation

[0053] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0054] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0055] Please see Figure 1-9 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a machining center for metal parts, including a worktable 1, a displacement component 2 installed on the top of the worktable 1, the displacement component 2 supporting the metal parts and adjusting the position of the metal parts to facilitate subsequent cutting operations.

[0056] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The specific structure of displacement component 2 is as follows:

[0057] The displacement assembly 2 includes a first drive slide rail 21 mounted on the top of the worktable 1 and a second drive slide rail 22 sliding on the top of the first drive slide rail 21. A positioning mechanism 23 is mounted on the top of the second drive slide rail 22.

[0058] The first drive slide rail 21 and the second drive slide rail 22 are arranged in an alternating manner. The first drive slide rail 21 provides sliding driving force to the second drive slide rail 22, and the second drive slide rail 22 provides sliding driving force to the positioning mechanism 23. Through the coordinated action of the first drive slide rail 21 and the second drive slide rail 22, the positioning mechanism 23 and the positioned metal part are driven to adjust their positions, ensuring that the metal part can be moved to the designated processing position.

[0059] See Figures 3-5 The specific structure of the positioning mechanism 23 is as follows:

[0060] The positioning mechanism 23 includes a positioning frame 231 that slides on the top of the second drive slide rail 22 and a positioning cylinder 232 installed on one side of the positioning frame 231. The piston rod of the positioning cylinder 232 extends into the interior of the positioning frame 231 and is connected to the second rotary cylinder 235. A sliding frame 234 slides inside the positioning frame 231. The second rotary cylinder 235 is installed on the side wall of the sliding frame 234. A positioning clamp 236 is installed at the output end of the second rotary cylinder 235.

[0061] The positioning frame 231 is slidably fitted on the top of the second drive slide rail 22. The positioning cylinder 232 is used to drive the second rotary cylinder 235 and the sliding frame 234 to move synchronously, thereby driving the positioning clamp 236 to move synchronously.

[0062] See Figures 3-5A feeding groove 233 is provided on the side of the positioning frame 231 away from the positioning cylinder 232. The feeding groove 233 is used to support the metal part. That is, the feeding groove 233 on the positioning frame 231 is used to support the metal part to be processed, which facilitates the placement and initial positioning of the metal part. When the metal part is placed into the feeding groove 233, the positioning cylinder 232 pushes the positioning clamp 236 to move towards the metal part until the positioning clamp 236 abuts against one end of the metal part, completing the axial clamping and positioning of the metal part. When the second rotary cylinder 235 is activated, it can drive the positioning clamp 236 to rotate, thereby driving the positioned metal part to rotate around its own axis, realizing the circumferential adjustment of the cutting point of the metal part.

[0063] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 A support frame 3 is installed on the top of the workbench 1, and a cutting assembly 4 is installed on the top of the support frame 3. The support frame 3 is used to support the cutting assembly 4, which is used for vertical cutting of metal parts. The specific structure of the cutting assembly 4 is as follows:

[0064] See Figure 2 The cutting assembly 4 includes a carrier 41 mounted on the top of the support frame 3 and a hinge frame 42 hinged to the top of the carrier 41. A cutting motor 43 is mounted on one side of the hinge frame 42, and the output end of the cutting motor 43 is connected to the cutting blade 45. An adjusting cylinder 44 is hinged on the carrier 41, and the piston rod end of the adjusting cylinder 44 is hinged to one end of the hinge frame 42.

[0065] When the metal part is adjusted to be below the cutting blade 45 by the displacement component 2, the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder 44 extends and retracts, pushing the hinge frame 42 to swing up and down around the hinge point of the carrier frame 41, thereby driving the cutting motor 43 and the high-speed rotating cutting blade 45 to swing up and down synchronously, realizing the vertical cutting action of the metal part. When the piston rod extends, the cutting blade 45 swings down, contacts the metal part and completes the cutting. When the piston rod of the adjusting cylinder 44 retracts, the cutting blade 45 swings up, disengages from the metal part, completes the cutting reset, and prepares for the next cutting. At this time, the metal part is driven to rotate by the second rotating cylinder 235 and the positioning chuck 236, thereby adjusting the next cutting point of the metal part, and then it can be cut again by the cutting component 4.

[0066] In the second embodiment, during the above-mentioned row-by-row cutting process, since the parts on the metal parts are arranged in a tightly wrapped manner, the cut-off parts cannot be easily removed from the cutting area by gravity. When the cutting blade 45 cuts into the next part in the same row, the accumulated parts will come into contact with the cutting blade 45 and rub against it. This will not only change the preset movement trajectory of the cutting blade 45 and cause cutting interference, but also cause the workpiece processing accuracy to deteriorate and the surface quality to decline, seriously affecting the finished product qualification rate.

[0067] For this purpose, please refer to Figures 1-3A material blocking component 6 is installed on the top of the positioning frame 231. The material blocking component 6 is used to block the metal part and guide the cutting point. The specific structure of the material blocking component 6 is as follows:

[0068] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 The material blocking assembly 6 includes a guide rail 61 mounted on the top of the positioning frame 231 and a slide table 62 sliding on the top of the guide rail 61. A drive cylinder 63 is also mounted on the top of the positioning frame 231. The piston rod end of the drive cylinder 63 is connected to one side of the slide table 62. The drive cylinder 63 and the guide rail 61 cooperate to provide a stable sliding guide for the slide table 62, ensuring that the slide table 62 can slide smoothly along the guide rail 61.

[0069] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 The material blocking assembly 6 includes a thin cylinder 64 disposed on the top of the positioning mechanism 23. A clamping cylinder 65 is mounted on the top of the thin cylinder 64. Both drive ends of the clamping cylinder 65 are connected to connecting rods 66. A swing plate 67 is disposed at the bottom of the side wall of the connecting rod 66. A rotating rod 68 is rotatably inserted through one side of each connecting rod 66. One end of the rotating rod 68 is connected to the corresponding swing plate 67. A torsion spring 69 is sleeved on the end of the rotating rod 68 away from the swing plate 67. The two ends of the torsion spring 69 are respectively connected to the outer wall of the corresponding rotating rod 68 and the side wall of the corresponding connecting rod 66.

[0070] When the slide table 62 moves, it drives the thin cylinder 64, the clamping cylinder 65, the connecting rod 66, and the swing plate 67 to move synchronously, thereby adjusting the position of the swing plate 67. The thin cylinder 64 is used to adjust the height of the swing plate 67, thereby extending the swing plate 67 to the position of the metal part to be cut. The clamping cylinder 65 is used to drive the two connecting rods 66 and the swing plate 67 to move, causing the two swing plates 67 to separate from each other and contact and block the part to be cut on the metal part. The gap between the two swing plates 67 is the cutting gap of the cutting blade 45. The cutting blade 45 moves down through the gap between the two swing plates 67 and contacts the point to be cut on the metal part, thereby cutting off the part on the metal part. The cut part is blocked by the swing plate 67 and will not contact the cutting blade 45, thereby improving the quality of the cut part of the metal part.

[0071] Specifically, when both swing plates 67 are deeply inserted into the metal part to be cut, the clamping cylinder 65 drives the two connecting rods 66 to separate from each other. The connecting rods 66 drive the swing plates 67 to swing towards the metal part through the rotating rod 68. At this time, the torsion spring 69 undergoes elastic deformation due to the torsional force of the rotating rod 68, generating a reverse elastic force. This force is transmitted to the swing plates 67 through the rotating rod 68, ensuring that the swing plates 67 can fit tightly against the side wall of the metal part to be cut, improving the stability of the blocking limit and guidance, and avoiding the metal part from shifting during cutting due to the swing plates 67 not fitting tightly.

[0072] When the clamping cylinder 65 resets and the connecting rods 66 approach each other, the elastic deformation of the torsion spring 69 is restored, the swing plate 67 quickly resets to the initial position, and the thin cylinder 64 pushes the clamping cylinder 65 upward, causing the two swing plates 67 to move away from the metal part. Then, the next cutting point is adjusted by the rotation of the metal part. After that, the swing plate 67 moves downward again to stop the material, and so on, until all the parts on the metal part are removed.

[0073] In the third embodiment, during the cutting and unloading process of the parts, under normal circumstances, they will fall directly. If they get stuck on the next row of parts, the unloading effect can be achieved by simply rotating the metal part. However, since the parts in this invention are relatively complex, the cut parts are very likely to get stuck when they fall onto the next row of parts. Even if the metal part is rotated, the parts may not fall.

[0074] See Figure 1 and Figure 8 Therefore, a material control component 5 is installed on one side of the support frame 3 to assist in the unloading of the cut metal parts. The specific structure of the material control component 5 is as follows:

[0075] See Figure 8 The material control assembly 5 includes an adjusting cylinder 56 mounted on one side of the support frame 3. The piston rod of the adjusting cylinder 56 is connected to the mounting frame 53. A material control rotary cylinder 54 is installed inside the mounting frame 53. A V-shaped support plate 55 is connected to the output end of the material control rotary cylinder 54. The adjusting cylinder 56 is used to drive the mounting frame 53, the material control rotary cylinder 54, and the V-shaped support plate 55 to rise and fall, thereby adjusting the height of the V-shaped support plate 55. The V-shaped support plate 55 is adjusted to a height that matches the cutting point of the metal part. When the metal part is positioned by the displacement assembly 2, it is driven by the first drive slide rail. Driven by 21, the metal part moves closer to the cutting assembly 4, causing the V-shaped support plate 55 to extend under the part to be cut. After the parts in the same row are cut, the parts fall onto the V-shaped support plate 55. Then, by adjusting the extension of the cylinder 56, the mounting bracket 53, the material control rotary cylinder 54 and the V-shaped support plate 55 move upward, and the cut parts are lifted away from the metal part. Subsequently, the material control rotary cylinder 54 drives the V-shaped support plate 55 to rotate, thereby flipping the metal part on the V-shaped support plate 55 and dropping it. During this process, the metal part can continue to rotate to adjust the cutting point position.

[0076] See Figure 8 A positioning frame 51 is installed on the top of the workbench 1. A receiving hopper 52 is installed on the top of the positioning frame 51. An inclined part is provided on one side of the receiving hopper 52, which faces the metal part. When the cut part slides down from the V-shaped support plate 55, it will first contact the inclined part of the receiving hopper 52. Under the guidance of the inclined part, it will slide smoothly into the inside of the receiving hopper 52, avoiding the part from directly hitting the inner wall of the receiving hopper 52 and causing damage to the part. At the same time, it improves the smoothness of part collection and further ensures the continuity of the processing flow.

[0077] In Example 4, since the production of metal parts is done manually, it is difficult to guarantee the spacing between adjacent rows of corresponding parts. Therefore, when the spacing between the parts on both sides of the cutting point is small, the cutting method is directly adopted, and the cutting blade 45 is difficult to penetrate deeply using conventional methods.

[0078] For this purpose, please refer to Figures 4-7 A CCD camera 7 is installed on the inner top wall of the positioning frame 231. The CCD camera 7 is used to capture the position and angle of the two swing plates 67. A controller is also installed on the worktable 1. The controller is used to receive the capture data of the CCD camera 7 and execute the control logic of each component. The controller is configured to be electrically connected to the displacement component 2, the cutting component 4, the material control component 5, the material blocking component 6 and the CCD camera 7 respectively. The controller controls the overall operation of the machining center.

[0079] When the two swing plates 67 are tilted, a virtual extension line is drawn downward along the tilt angle of the swing plates 67, and the intersection of the two extension lines is a virtual intersection point.

[0080] Specifically, when the two swing plates 67 are tilted under the drive of the clamping cylinder 65 and the connecting rod 66 and are attached to the side walls on both sides of the metal part to be cut, the measured distance between the lowest points of the two swing plates 67 and the tilting angle of each swing plate 67 are obtained. The controller uses the obtained data to draw a virtual extension line downward along the tilting angle of each swing plate 67. The two extension lines will intersect to form a virtual intersection point. This virtual intersection point can be used as a reference point for the cutting path. Combined with the position and angle data of the swing plates 67 captured by the CCD camera 7, the actual position and cutting direction of the metal part to be cut can be accurately determined. This provides an important spatial position basis for the controller to optimize the cutting path of the cutting component 4, ensuring that the cutting path is accurately aligned with the point to be cut and improving the cutting accuracy of the metal part.

[0081] To better analyze the above data, the controller has a built-in control system, which includes a vision sensing and processing module, a calculation and prediction module, an intelligent decision-making module, and an execution module.

[0082] The vision sensing and processing module is electrically connected to the CCD camera 7. The vision sensing and processing module is used to perform image acquisition, extraction and processing of the CCD camera 7, that is, to obtain the measured distance between the lowest points of the two swing plates 67 and to draw a virtual extension line downward along the tilt angle of each swing plate 67. The two extension lines will intersect to form a virtual intersection point, which can be used as a reference point for the cutting path.

[0083] The calculation and prediction module is used to perform the calculation and position determination of the virtual intersection point and the determination of the measured distance between the lowest points of the two swing plates 67.

[0084] The intelligent decision-making module is used to execute control decisions based on the location judgment in the calculation and prediction module.

[0085] A preset spacing threshold is set. If the measured spacing data is within the spacing threshold range, then a virtual intersection judgment decision is made.

[0086] If the virtual intersection point is located above the point to be cut, it means that the cutting channel formed between the two swing plates 67 has been closed before the cutting blade 45 has reached the point to be cut, and interference will inevitably occur.

[0087] If the virtual intersection is located inside the part, it means that the cutting channel will close before completely cutting the part, which is a critical state and the cutting risk is high.

[0088] If the virtual intersection point is located below the cutting surface, it indicates that the cutting channel is open throughout the entire cutting process, and the cutting is safe.

[0089] If the measured spacing data is outside the spacing threshold range, it is determined that cutting is not possible.

[0090] Furthermore, when the measured distance is outside the distance threshold range, the controller drives the second rotary cylinder 235 to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle of the metal part and the position of the point to be cut. In this state, the swing angle of the two swing plates 67 will change, that is, the measured distance and the position of the virtual intersection will also change.

[0091] The visual sensing and processing module acquires the image again, and the calculation and prediction module performs the calculation and position judgment of the virtual intersection point and the actual distance judgment of the lowest point of the two swing plates 67 again. The intelligent decision module judges again whether the actual distance is within the distance range. If it is, the virtual intersection point judgment decision is executed. If it is not, the angle of the metal part is adjusted and an alarm is notified to the staff.

[0092] The execution module is used to drive each component to execute corresponding instructions in order to achieve the purpose of cutting.

[0093] Example 5, see Figure 9 A method for machining metal parts, using a machining center for metal parts as described above, includes the following steps:

[0094] S1. Position the metal part using the positioning mechanism 23, and then drive the metal part to rotate using the positioning mechanism 23, so that there is no obstruction above the cutting point on the metal part.

[0095] The more specific steps in S1 are as follows:

[0096] S11. The metal part to be processed is placed into the positioning frame 231 through the feed groove 233, so that one end of the metal part is facing the positioning clamp 236. The controller controls the positioning cylinder 232 to move. The piston rod of the positioning cylinder 232 pushes the sliding frame 234 to slide along the inside of the positioning frame 231, which drives the second rotary cylinder 235 and the positioning clamp 236 to move towards the metal part until the positioning clamp 236 abuts against one end of the metal part, thus completing the axial clamping and positioning of the metal part.

[0097] S12. Start the second rotary cylinder 235. The second rotary cylinder 235 drives the positioning chuck 236 to rotate, which in turn drives the metal part that has been clamped and positioned to rotate synchronously around its own axis. During the rotation, observe the position of the metal part to be cut until it is adjusted to a state where there is no obstruction above the metal part to be cut.

[0098] S2. Then, the material blocking assembly 6 is inserted into the position of the metal part to be cut, and the two swing plates 67 are used to block the parts on both sides of the metal part to be cut.

[0099] The more specific steps of S2 are as follows:

[0100] S21. The controller controls the drive cylinder 63, which pushes the slide table 62 to slide along the guide rail 61, thereby moving the thin cylinder 64, the clamping cylinder 65 and the swing plate 67 as a whole, so that the two swing plates 67 move above the point where the metal part is to be cut.

[0101] S22. The controller controls the thin cylinder 64, which retracts to adjust the height of the clamping cylinder 65 and the swing plate 67, so that the bottom end of the swing plate 67 extends between the parts on both sides of the metal part to be cut.

[0102] S23. The controller controls the clamping cylinder 65. The two drive ends of the clamping cylinder 65 separate synchronously, causing the two connecting rods 66 to separate from each other. The connecting rods 66 drive the rotating rod 68 and the swing plate 67 to swing, so that the two swing plates 67 are in an inclined state and fit against the side walls on both sides of the metal part to be cut, thereby blocking and limiting the metal part. At the same time, the torsion spring 69 is deformed by force and applies a reverse force to the swing plate 67, ensuring that the swing plate 67 fits tightly against the side wall of the metal part, thus completing the guiding and positioning of the point to be cut.

[0103] S3. Use CCD camera 7 to capture the angle and position of the two swing plates 67. After capturing the images, transmit the data to the controller. Use the controller to execute the cutting control strategy, that is, determine the minimum distance and angle between the two swing plates 67, and optimize the cutting path of the cutting component 4.

[0104] S4. Then, the position of the metal part is adjusted by the first drive slide rail 21 and the second drive slide rail 22, so that the cutting point of the metal part is moved to the bottom of the cutting component 4. At the same time, the material control component 5 supports the part to be cut. Then, the cutting component 4 cuts the metal part. After the cutting is completed, the two swing plates 67 are removed from the metal part. The first drive slide rail 21 drives the metal part to retract away from the cutting component 4. Then, the material control component 5 collects the cut parts. Then, the positioning mechanism 23 drives the metal part to rotate to the position of the next cutting point. The adjustment is made again by steps S1-S3. Then, the cutting component 4 cuts the metal again. This process is repeated.

[0105] The more specific steps for S4 are as follows:

[0106] S41, the first drive slide rail 21 and the second drive slide rail 22 of the start displacement component 2 are activated. The staggered coordinated action of the first drive slide rail 21 and the second drive slide rail 22 drives the positioning mechanism 23 and the metal parts that have been positioned and blocked to move synchronously, and adjusts the position of the metal parts so that the cutting point of the metal parts is moved directly below the cutting blade 45.

[0107] S42, the second drive slide rail 22 moves into place first, and then moves by the first drive slide rail 21. As the metal part approaches the cutting assembly 4 along the driving direction of the first drive slide rail 21, the V-shaped support plate 55 extends into the bottom of the part to be cut.

[0108] S43. According to the optimized cutting path, the controller controls the cutting motor 43 to start, the cutting motor 43 drives the cutting blade 45 to rotate at high speed, and at the same time controls the adjustment cylinder 44 to move. The adjustment cylinder 44 extends and pushes the hinge frame 42 to swing around the hinge point of the carrier frame 41, which drives the cutting motor 43 and the cutting blade 45 to swing downward, and performs vertical cutting on the metal part to be cut until a single cut is completed.

[0109] S44. After the cutting is completed, the controller stops the cutting motor 43 and simultaneously controls the adjusting cylinder 44 to reset, and the cutting blade 45 swings upward and away from the metal part.

[0110] S45, the controller controls the clamping cylinder 65 to reset, the two swing plates 67 move closer to each other to reset, and then controls the thin cylinder 64 to extend the height of the swing plate 67, so that the swing plate 67 moves away from the metal part.

[0111] S46. Start the first drive slide rail 21 to drive the metal part to retract and move away from the cutting component 4. The controller controls the extension of the adjusting cylinder 56, causing the V-shaped support plate 55 to lift the cut part away from the metal part. Then, the material control rotating cylinder 54 drives the V-shaped support plate 55 to swing, so that the cut part slides from the V-shaped support plate 55 into the receiving hopper 52. The receiving hopper 52 guides the part to slide to the designated collection position through the inclined part, completing the part collection.

[0112] S47. Start the second rotary cylinder 235 of the positioning mechanism 23 to drive the positioning chuck 236 and the positioned metal part to rotate around its own axis and adjust to the position of the next cutting point. Then close the second rotary cylinder 235 and repeat the above steps S1-S3 to complete the positioning, material blocking and cutting path optimization of the next cutting point of the metal part. Repeat the relevant operations of this step S4, and so on, until all the parts to be cut on the metal part are cut.

[0113] Furthermore, the more specific steps of the cutting control strategy in step S3 are as follows:

[0114] S31. Visual perception detection and posture modeling: The CCD camera 7 acquires images containing the bottom working edges of the two swing plates 67, identifies and extracts the working edge features of the two swing plates 67, calculates the tilt angle of the two swing plates 67, measures the measured distance between the working edges of the two swing plates 67, and establishes the current posture parameter set of the two swing plates 67.

[0115] S32. Cutting path spatial prediction: The two swing plates 67 are virtually extended along the tilt angle, and the virtual intersection of the two extension lines is calculated. The cutting path is predicted based on the positional relationship between the virtual intersection and the cutting starting plane.

[0116] S33, Intelligent Safety Decision: Based on the measured distance between the working edges of the two swing plates 67 and the relative positional relationship between the virtual intersection and the cutting starting plane, a cutting decision is made to optimize the cutting path of the cutting component 4.

[0117] The more specific steps in S33 are as follows:

[0118] S331. Establish a two-level sequential judgment logic.

[0119] Level 1 Judgment: Basic safety access judgment: Preset spacing threshold, judge whether the measured spacing is greater than the spacing threshold.

[0120] Second-level judgment: Path feasibility decision: When the two swing plates 67 are tilted, draw a virtual extension line downward along the tilt angle of the swing plates 67, and the intersection of the two extension lines is a virtual intersection point. Determine whether the position of the virtual intersection point is within the allowable cutting range.

[0121] S332, Decision Implementation.

[0122] The first-level judgment and execution decision is as follows:

[0123] If the measured spacing data exceeds the threshold range, the cutting path is optimized by issuing control commands through the execution module.

[0124] If the measured spacing data still exceeds the threshold range, continue to adjust the angle of the metal parts and alarm to notify the staff.

[0125] If the measured spacing data is within the spacing threshold range, then the second level of judgment is executed.

[0126] The second-level judgment and execution decision are as follows:

[0127] If the virtual intersection point is located above the point to be cut, it is determined to be a path blockage, and the execution module issues another instruction to adjust the angle of the metal part.

[0128] If the virtual intersection point is located inside the part, it is determined that the path is tight, and the execution module will issue another instruction to adjust the angle of the metal part.

[0129] If the virtual intersection point is located below the cutting plane, the path is considered unobstructed, and cutting is allowed.

[0130] S333, Cutting path optimization.

[0131] When the current cutting station is determined to have a tight or blocked path, the control system initiates the following positioning optimization loop:

[0132] During the cutting path optimization, the execution module control command is as follows: the second rotary cylinder 235 rotates, thereby adjusting the angle of the metal part, and then adjusting the position of the point to be cut. In this state, the swing angle of the two swing plates 67 will change, that is, the measured distance will change. After that, the CCD camera 7 and the vision sensing and processing module acquire the image again, and the calculation and prediction module executes the judgment of the measured distance of the lowest point of the two swing plates 67 again. The intelligent decision module is used to judge again whether the measured distance is within the distance range.

[0133] If a workstation with an unobstructed path is found, automatic cutting will be performed at that workstation.

[0134] If no workstation with a clear path is found after traversing all preset workstations within a week, the control system will output an alarm and provide clear manual operation instructions.

[0135] Obviously, the embodiments described above are merely some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machining center for metal parts, characterized in that: Including the workbench (1); The displacement component (2) is used to adjust the position of the metal part. The displacement component (2) includes a first drive slide rail (21) mounted on the top of the worktable (1) and a second drive slide rail (22) sliding on the top of the first drive slide rail (21). A positioning mechanism (23) is mounted on the top of the second drive slide rail (22). The material blocking assembly (6) is used to block the metal parts and guide the cutting point. The material blocking assembly (6) includes a thin cylinder (64) set on the top of the positioning mechanism (23). A clamping cylinder (65) is installed on the top of the thin cylinder (64). Both drive ends of the clamping cylinder (65) are connected to the connecting rod (66). A swing plate (67) is set at the bottom of the side wall of the connecting rod (66). A CCD camera (7) is installed inside the positioning mechanism (23) and is used to capture the position and angle of the two swing plates (67); Cutting assembly (4) is used for vertical cutting of metal parts; The support frame (3) is used to support the cutting assembly (4); Material control component (5) is used to assist in the blanking of the metal parts being cut; It also includes a controller for receiving shooting data from the CCD camera (7) and executing the control logic of each component; The controller is configured to be electrically connected to the displacement component (2), the cutting component (4), the material control component (5), the material blocking component (6), and the CCD camera (7), respectively; The positioning mechanism (23) includes a positioning frame (231) that slides on the top of the second drive slide rail (22) and a positioning cylinder (232) installed on one side of the positioning frame (231). The piston rod of the positioning cylinder (232) extends into the interior of the positioning frame (231) and is connected to a second rotary cylinder (235). A sliding frame (234) slides inside the positioning frame (231). The second rotary cylinder (235) is installed on the side wall of the sliding frame (234). A positioning clamp (236) is installed at the output end of the second rotary cylinder (235). The positioning frame (231) has a feeding groove (233) on the side away from the positioning cylinder (232). The feeding groove (233) is used to support the metal part, and the positioning clamp (236) is used to clamp and position one end of the metal part. The material blocking assembly (6) also includes a guide rail (61) mounted on the top of the positioning frame (231) and a slide table (62) sliding on the top of the guide rail (61). A drive cylinder (63) is also mounted on the top of the positioning frame (231), and the piston rod end of the drive cylinder (63) is connected to one side of the slide table (62). A rotating rod (68) is rotatably passed through one side of each of the connecting rods (66). One end of the rotating rod (68) is connected to the corresponding swing plate (67). A torsion spring (69) is sleeved on the end of the rotating rod (68) away from the swing plate (67). The two ends of the torsion spring (69) are respectively connected to the outer wall of the corresponding rotating rod (68) and the side wall of the corresponding connecting rod (66).

2. A machining center for metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting assembly (4) includes a carrier (41) mounted on the top of the support frame (3) and a hinge frame (42) hinged to the top of the carrier (41). A cutting motor (43) is mounted on one side of the hinge frame (42), and the output end of the cutting motor (43) is connected to a cutting blade (45). An adjusting cylinder (44) is hinged on the carrier (41), and the piston rod end of the adjusting cylinder (44) is hinged to one end of the hinge frame (42).

3. A machining center for metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the two swing plates (67) are tilted, a virtual extension line is drawn downward along the tilt angle of the swing plates (67), and the intersection of the two extension lines is a virtual intersection point.

4. A machining center for metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material control assembly (5) includes an adjusting cylinder (56) installed on one side of the support frame (3). The piston rod of the adjusting cylinder (56) is connected to the mounting frame (53). The material control rotary cylinder (54) is installed inside the mounting frame (53). The output end of the material control rotary cylinder (54) is connected to a V-shaped support plate (55).

5. A machining center for metal parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: A positioning frame (51) is installed on the top of the workbench (1), and a receiving hopper (52) is installed on the top of the positioning frame (51). An inclined part is provided on one side of the receiving hopper (52), and the inclined part is positioned towards the metal part.

6. A method for machining metal parts, using a machining center for metal parts as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Position the metal part through the positioning mechanism (23), and then drive the metal part to rotate through the positioning mechanism (23) so that there is no obstruction above the cutting point on the metal part; S2. Then, the material blocking assembly (6) is inserted into the position of the metal part to be cut, and the two swing plates (67) are used to block the parts on both sides of the metal part to be cut. S3. Use the CCD camera (7) to take pictures of the angle and position of the two swing plates (67). After taking pictures, the data is transmitted to the controller. The controller is used to perform cutting control, that is, to determine the minimum distance and angle between the two swing plates (67) and optimize the cutting path of the cutting component (4). S4. Then, the position of the metal part is adjusted by the first drive slide rail (21) and the second drive slide rail (22) so that the metal part to be cut point is moved to the bottom of the cutting assembly (4). At the same time, the material control assembly (5) supports the part to be cut. Then, the metal part is cut by the cutting assembly (4). After the cutting is completed, the two swing plates (67) are removed from the metal part. The first drive slide rail (21) drives the metal part to retreat away from the cutting assembly (4). Then, the material control assembly (5) collects the cut parts. Then, the positioning mechanism (23) drives the metal part to rotate to the position of the next to be cut point. The steps S1-S3 are adjusted again. Then, the metal is cut again by the cutting assembly (4). This process is repeated.

7. A method for processing metal parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The more specific steps of the cutting control strategy in step S3 are as follows: S31, Visual perception detection and posture modeling: The CCD camera (7) acquires images containing the bottom working edges of the two swing plates (67), identifies and extracts the working edge features of the two swing plates (67), calculates the tilt angle of the two swing plates (67), measures the measured distance between the working edges of the two swing plates (67), and establishes the current posture parameter set of the two swing plates (67). S32, Cutting path spatial prediction: The two swing plates (67) are virtually extended along the tilt angle, and the virtual intersection of the two extension lines is calculated. The cutting path is predicted based on the positional relationship between the virtual intersection and the cutting starting plane. S33, Intelligent Safety Decision: Based on the measured distance between the working edges of the two swing plates (67) and the relative positional relationship between the virtual intersection and the cutting starting plane, a cutting decision is made to optimize the cutting path of the cutting component (4).

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