Device and method for online cutting of iron-based amorphous alloy sheet through pulse laser

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal material pulse laser processing, and particularly discloses a device and method for online cutting of an iron-based amorphous alloy sheet through pulse laser. The device comprises pulse laser cutting units arranged on the two sides of a conveying path, galvanometer driving modules arranged at the output ends of the cutting units, a high-speed conveying belt mechanism used for conveying the iron-based amorphous alloy sheets at the constant linear speed, and a speed sensing unit used for monitoring and feeding back the conveying speed of a sheet belt. The control system module is used for controlling a laser switch and synchronous coordinated movement; and the mounting support assembly is used for stabilizing device positioning and structure fixing. The pulse laser one-way dynamic cutting device integrates the advantages of a high-speed kinematic model, pulse laser one-way dynamic cutting, closed-loop speed control, a low heat influence technology and the like, has the characteristics of high cutting speed, high precision, small thermal deformation, high applicability and the like, and has a wide industrial application prospect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metal material pulse laser processing, in particular to a device and method for online cutting of iron-based amorphous alloy sheet by pulse laser. BACKGROUND

[0002] Iron-based amorphous alloy is a new type of energy-saving material. Iron-based amorphous alloy sheet has the characteristics of high magnetic permeability and low loss, and is widely used in power distribution transformers, inductance elements, motor stators and sensors, etc., which can significantly improve the efficiency of the device and reduce energy consumption. In the production process of the sheet, the continuous feeding of the amorphous alloy strip needs to be cut online to obtain different width specifications. In the prior art, a fixed blade mechanism is often used to mechanically cut the sheet. However, due to the high hardness of the sheet, the blade is prone to wear and passivation under high-speed working conditions, resulting in a decrease in cutting precision, an increase in edge burrs, and even quality defects such as broken strips and warped edges. At the same time, mechanical contact cutting cannot meet the requirements of precision machining at higher line speeds, and has been difficult to adapt to the needs of modern high-speed production lines.

[0003] Laser cutting has the advantages of non-contact, high precision and high flexibility, and is theoretically suitable for online cutting. At present, laser cutting equipment generally uses high-power and high-output continuous lasers. However, when the continuous laser continuously irradiates the high-speed advancing amorphous sheet, heat is easily accumulated in the cutting area, causing thermal warping and deformation of the sheet at the cutting edge, thereby reducing the cutting quality. In addition, the existing laser cutting equipment is mostly used for stationary workpieces, and has insufficient dynamic matching capability for high-speed moving strips, making it difficult to achieve stable and continuous online cutting.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an online pulse laser cutting method and device for iron-based amorphous alloy sheet that can precisely match the high-speed conveying line and avoid heat accumulation, by adjusting the pulse technology to achieve high-quality and high-speed online cutting of the sheet. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a device and method for online cutting of iron-based amorphous alloy sheet by pulse laser, which can adjust and apply pulse technology to adapt to high-speed conveying sheet and effectively suppress heat accumulation by one-way swinging light output.

[0006] The present application is achieved by the following technical solutions: The application discloses a kind of online cutting iron-based amorphous alloy sheet device of pulsed laser, including high-speed conveying belt mechanism, it is characterized in that: the high-speed conveying belt mechanism is arranged with pulsed laser cutting unit in the vertical conveying direction both sides, the laser output end of pulsed laser cutting unit is equipped with galvanometer drive module, speed sensing unit is installed on high-speed conveying belt mechanism, high-speed conveying belt mechanism, pulsed laser cutting unit, galvanometer drive module and speed sensing unit are positioned fixed and respectively communication connection control system module by installation support component;The inside of the pulsed laser cutting unit is provided with pulsed fiber laser, and the pulsed fiber laser is connected with the galvanometer drive module through the fiber interface;The galvanometer drive module includes a two-dimensional galvanometer drive motor mounted on the module housing, a two-dimensional galvanometer group is mounted at the end of the two-dimensional galvanometer drive motor, a lens fixing structure is provided on the module housing corresponding to the position of the two-dimensional galvanometer group, and a field lens is mounted on the lens fixing structure.

[0007] The device includes pulsed laser cutting units arranged on both sides of the conveying path, galvanometer drive modules arranged at the output end of the cutting units, a high-speed conveying belt mechanism for conveying iron-based amorphous alloy sheets at a constant linear speed, a speed sensing unit for monitoring and feeding back the conveying speed of the sheet belt, a control system module for controlling the functions of the laser, the galvanometer motion posture, the signal input and synchronous coordination motion of the upper computer, and an installation support component for stabilizing the positioning and structure of the device.

[0008] The pulsed laser cutting unit uses a pulsed fiber laser as an energy source, which is linked with the galvanometer drive module at the laser output end through a fiber interface, and is used for outputting stable pulsed laser to both sides of the sheet.

[0009] The more optimal technical solution of the application is: The high-speed conveying belt mechanism includes a conveying table with an integrated drive motor, a drive motor connected to a conveying shaft through a shaft structure to provide transportation power for the entire high-speed conveying belt mechanism, a conveying belt connected to the conveying shaft and tensioning wheels located at both ends of the conveying belt are arranged on the conveying table, and the conveying shaft drives the conveying belt above the workbench at a set speed under the drive of a high-power conveying motor to transport the iron-based amorphous alloy sheet at a high speed, and the tensioning wheels press and tension the strip-shaped sheet during transportation to ensure that the strip-shaped sheet closely adheres to the conveying belt without wrinkles, tears, and other transportation damage.

[0010] Further preferably, the speed sensing unit is fixed to the side of the tensioning wheel at the end of the high-speed conveying belt mechanism through a mounting support assembly, and a miniature infrared speed sensor is built in the speed sensing unit to monitor the linear speed of the conveying belt in real time and feed the monitoring data to the control system module, so that the control system module automatically adjusts the speed of unidirectional swinging of the galvanometer, the speed of reverse swinging and the length of single cutting according to the change of the conveying speed, to realize dynamic matching and stable control of the cutting process.

[0011] The control system module takes an STM32 single-chip microcomputer as the core to realize accurate control of the behavior of the pulsed laser, response control of the surrounding electrical components, and real-time control of the light output safety mechanism. The single-chip microcomputer controls the movement of the two-dimensional galvanometer group through the XY2-100 communication protocol to adjust the swinging speed and mode of the galvanometer and control the external driving motor to change the conveying speed. The single-chip microcomputer is also connected to the upper computer through a standard serial port to accurately obtain the commands of the user and realize real-time operation of the upper computer and response of the components. The speed sensing unit can also be used to realize real-time monitoring and feedback of the conveying speed of the driving motor, so that the conveying speed of the driving motor and the swinging speed of the galvanometer are connected and coordinated.

[0012] The module housing is the overall external structure of the galvanometer driving module. Through reasonable mechanical design, two two-dimensional galvanometer driving motors are fixed on the two vertical inner surfaces of the module housing through built-in knob connection structures. The two-dimensional galvanometer group includes an X-direction galvanometer and a Y-direction galvanometer, which are connected to the ends of the two two-dimensional galvanometer driving motors through buckle clamps and are fixed in the X and Y directions, respectively, to realize two-dimensional output swinging of the laser. The laser reflected by the two-dimensional galvanometer group is output through a field lens, the end of which is provided with an air curtain that works with the laser output to realize end air blowing protection and efficient, fast and safe cutting. An end connection knob is provided on the bottom surface of the module housing, which is connected to the pulsed fiber laser through a fiber interface to realize stable output of the laser during cutting.

[0013] The method for online cutting of iron-based amorphous alloy sheets by the above device includes the following steps: the high-speed conveying belt mechanism conveys the iron-based amorphous alloy sheets at a preset linear speed, the output ends of the pulsed laser cutting units on both sides of the high-speed conveying belt mechanism are connected to the galvanometer driving mechanism, and synchronous laser cutting is performed on both sides of the sheets during unidirectional swinging of the galvanometer; the galvanometer driving mechanism swings in the reverse direction at a high speed and quickly returns to the original position to form an online cutting mode of reverse light output and forward light off; the speed sensing unit monitors the conveying speed of the sheets in real time and feeds back to the control system module; and the control system module dynamically adjusts the reverse cutting speed, the forward swinging speed and the single swinging distance of the galvanometer based on the data fed back by the speed sensing unit and controls the on-off state of the laser to realize high-speed, continuous and stable online slitting cutting.

[0014] A further optimized cutting method, tailored to the unique characteristics of online high-speed transport of iron-based amorphous alloy sheet materials, involves the iron-based amorphous alloy sheet moving forward at a constant conveyor speed on a high-speed conveyor belt. A galvanometer performs high-speed oscillating cutting at a reverse cutting speed in the opposite direction of the conveyor belt's movement. Then, in the off state, the galvanometer swings the laser point of action back to the initial position of the reverse oscillation at a forward swing speed. This process is repeated, ensuring that the initial point of laser action (i.e., the starting point of the next section of sheet material to be cut) at the start of the next reverse oscillation aligns with the end point of the previous laser cut. This achieves seamless connection between adjacent cutting sections, eliminating gaps and repetitive cutting. This ensures stable and uninterrupted long-distance continuous cutting while avoiding the heat accumulation effect caused by repeated laser action areas. Therefore, a kinematic matching relationship of "instantaneous synchronous cutting" is established between galvanometer scanning and sheet transport. Upper computer control parameters: galvanometer reverse cutting speed, sheet conveying speed, single swing distance (galvanometer scanning length); Response parameters: cutting length (relative displacement distance), cutting cycle duration, and forward swing speed of the galvanometer.

[0015] More preferably, the forward swing speed of the galvanometer is equal to the conveying speed of the iron-based amorphous alloy sheet.

[0016] The iron-based amorphous alloy sheet has a width of 200-800 mm, a thickness of 25±2 μm, a Vickers hardness of 700-850 HV, a density of 7.23-7.28 g / cm³, and a resistivity of 1.20-1.23 μΩ·m.

[0017] The high-speed conveyor belt mechanism has a conveying speed of 3000-5000 mm / s, a galvanometer reverse speed of 1000-8000 mm / s, and a galvanometer swing distance of 30-100 mm. Depending on the reverse cutting speed and single swing distance, the laser power output by the pulsed fiber laser is 200-300 W, the laser pulse repetition rate is 165-400 kHz, and the laser pulse width is 120-500 ns. These parameters are adjustable, enabling the cutting action to be completed within a single pulse cycle.

[0018] Traditional mechanical blades suffer from limitations in precision, severe blade wear, and burrs and warping on the cut edges during high-speed cutting. Meanwhile, conventional continuous laser irradiation easily generates heat accumulation in amorphous materials, leading to edge curling and deformation, making it difficult to meet the stable slitting requirements under high-speed transport. The purpose of this patent is to provide an online pulsed laser cutting device and method that, through pulse technology control and application, can adapt to high-speed transport of thin sheets and effectively suppress heat accumulation through a unidirectional oscillating light emission method.

[0019] The online high-speed laser cutting device of this invention achieves stable, low-heat-affected zone cutting of iron-based amorphous alloy sheets under high-speed continuous conveying conditions through dynamic matching between the galvanometer drive module and the high-speed conveying mechanism. Iron-based amorphous alloy sheets exhibit high hardness, high brittleness, and significant thermal sensitivity. Continuous laser processing easily leads to problems such as excessive heat accumulation, localized crystallization, structural degradation, and edge microcracks. Pulsed lasers, however, release high peak energy within extremely short pulse widths, enabling rapid material ablation during instantaneous impact ablation. This effectively confines heat diffusion within a microscale time range, significantly reducing the heat-affected zone and preventing performance degradation of the amorphous structure due to prolonged energy deposition.

[0020] To further avoid heat buildup, the device employs a unidirectional light output and unidirectional light shut-off galvanometer oscillation cutting method. This effectively prevents heat buildup caused by continuous laser irradiation, resulting in straight, curl-free cutting edges and significantly improved cutting quality. The control system module, combined with a speed sensor unit, acquires the conveyor speed in real time and dynamically adjusts the conveyor speed. 𝑐 Reverse cutting speed 𝑓 The single swing distance D ensures that the cutting trajectory is always precisely coupled with the forward speed of the thin sheet, thereby guaranteeing stable synchronous cutting even at high speeds above 3000 mm / s.

[0021] In terms of device structure, the pulsed laser cutting units and galvanometer drive module on both sides are rationally arranged to achieve synchronous cutting on both sides, improving slitting efficiency; the high-speed conveying mechanism provides stable sheet tension and smooth movement, ensuring cutting accuracy; the speed sensing unit and control system module form a closed-loop control, enabling the invention to adapt to different working conditions and meet the process requirements of different speeds and different single cutting lengths; the mounting support components ensure the mechanical stability of the entire system, keeping the laser path, galvanometer movement direction, and sheet conveying direction in a precise coaxial relationship.

[0022] This invention integrates multiple advantages such as high-speed kinematic model, pulsed laser unidirectional dynamic cutting, closed-loop speed control, and low thermal impact technology, featuring fast cutting speed, high precision, small thermal deformation, and strong applicability. The pulsed technology not only provides a cutting mechanism with high laser peak value and high efficiency, but also provides the necessary energy foundation and stability guarantee for the realization of the galvanometer reverse scanning mode. It can significantly improve the automation level and processing efficiency of amorphous thin film production lines and has broad prospects for industrial application. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall device structure of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the galvanometer driving module of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the high-speed conveyor belt mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a logic diagram of the control system module of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting method of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram, 100 is the pulsed laser cutting unit, 200 is the galvanometer drive module, 201 is the module housing, 202 is the 2D galvanometer drive motor, 203 is the 2D galvanometer assembly, 204 is the end connection knob, 205 is the field lens, 206 is the air curtain, 207 is the lens fixing structure, 300 is the high-speed conveyor belt mechanism, 301 is the conveyor table, 302 is the conveyor belt, 303 is the conveyor shaft, 304 is the drive motor, 305 is the tensioning wheel, 400 is the speed sensing unit, 500 is the control system module, and 600 is the mounting support assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0028] Example 1: A device for in-line pulsed laser cutting of iron-based amorphous alloy sheets As attached Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment includes: a pulsed laser cutting unit 100 arranged on both sides of the conveying path, a galvanometer driving module 200 configured at the output end of the cutting unit, a high-speed conveying mechanism 300 for conveying iron-based amorphous alloy sheets at a constant linear speed, a speed sensing unit 400 for monitoring and feedback the conveying speed of the sheet belt, a control system module 500 for controlling the laser switch and synchronously coordinating the motion, and an installation support assembly 600 for stabilizing the positioning of the device and fixing the structure.

[0029] The high-speed conveyor belt mechanism 300 is used to continuously convey iron-based amorphous alloy sheets at a preset linear speed. It consists of a conveying worktable 301, a conveyor belt 302, a conveyor shaft 303, a drive motor 304, and a tensioning wheel 305. The drive motor 304 provides the conveying power, and the conveyor belt 302 enables the sheet to pass through the cutting area stably and without shaking under tension.

[0030] Pulsed laser cutting units 100 are arranged on both sides of the conveying path. Each unit uses a QYCL-FP300 300W pulsed fiber laser as its energy source, achieving high-stability coupling output through a QCS fiber optic interface. The QCS interface has high power carrying capacity and vibration resistance, making it suitable for online high-speed oscillating cutting environments. The laser is delivered from the end of the cutting unit to the galvanometer drive module 200 for synchronous slitting of the thin sheet on both sides.

[0031] The galvanometer drive module 200 is fixedly installed at the end of the pulsed laser cutting unit 100, and consists of a module housing 201, a two-dimensional galvanometer high-speed drive motor 202, a two-dimensional galvanometer assembly 203, an end connection knob 204, a field lens 205, a lens fixing structure 207, and an air curtain 206. The galvanometer assembly 203 can achieve high-speed reverse unidirectional oscillating cutting along the sheet conveying direction under control commands, and then oscillate back at high speed in the forward direction, realizing a continuous oscillating cutting trajectory.

[0032] The speed sensing unit 400 is installed on one side of the end tensioning wheel 305 of the high-speed conveyor belt mechanism 300. It monitors the conveying speed in real time through a miniature infrared speed sensor and feeds the data back to the control system module 500 for adjusting the oscillation speed of the galvanometer and the laser switch logic.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, the control system module 500 is based on an STM32 microcontroller and includes: a galvanometer control module: which sends real-time swing speed commands (i) via the XY2-100 protocol. 𝑓 , 𝑟 Laser control module: controls the pulsed laser's output / off timing, and adjusts laser parameters such as laser power, pulse frequency, and pulse width; Speed ​​feedback module: acquires signals from the speed sensing unit 400 in real time and calculates the transmission speed. 𝑐 Matching settings; Safety control module: immediately stops cutting and triggers equipment alarm mechanism in case of abnormal speed, laser failure, or galvanometer over-limit; Upper computer communication module: accepts user input of pulsed laser output parameters such as laser power P, pulse frequency f, and galvanometer swing distance D, conveyor speed f 𝑐 The cutting motion parameters are communicated with the control core.

[0034] The entire device is positioned and fixed by the mounting support assembly 600, ensuring the accurate alignment of the optical path, galvanometer, speed sensor and conveying mechanism, thus ensuring the stability of the online high-speed cutting process.

[0035] The working principle of the device in this embodiment is as follows: The pulsed laser cutting unit 100 uses a pulsed fiber laser as its energy source and is connected to the end-connection knob 204 of the built-in galvanometer drive module 200 at the laser output end via a QCS interface. This allows for stable pulsed laser output to both sides of the thin sheet. The galvanometer drive module 200 is positioned in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions along the thin sheet's movement and can oscillate unidirectionally at different speeds under the command of the control system module 500. During this oscillation, unidirectional laser output cutting is achieved, and after the cutting segment is completed, the laser returns to its initial position at a set speed in the off state. The high-speed conveying mechanism 300 uses... The system continuously conveys iron-based amorphous alloy sheets at a set linear speed, maintaining the smoothness and tension of the sheet movement to create controllable relative motion with the oscillation of the galvanometer. The speed sensing unit 400 is installed on one side of the tensioning wheel 305 at the end of the conveyor belt mechanism, feeding back the monitored sheet conveying speed to the control system, effectively linking the conveying speed with the oscillation speed of the galvanometer. The control system module 500 allows for upper-level computer control of the galvanometer drive module 200's corresponding matching parameter window at a fixed conveying speed. The control system module 500 coordinates the reverse cutting speed. 𝑓 Forward swing speed 𝑣 𝑟 (i.e., conveying speed) 𝑐 The laser on / off state ensures that the single cutting length matches the oscillation cycle, thereby achieving continuous and uninterrupted online slitting cutting; the mounting support assembly 600 is used to fix the positional relationship of the cutting unit, fiber optic interface, galvanometer mechanism and speed sensing unit, ensuring stable installation and precise alignment of the device on the production line.

[0036] Example 2: A method for in-line pulsed laser cutting of iron-based amorphous alloy thin films The specific steps of this embodiment are as follows: A high-speed conveyor belt mechanism 300 is used to convey iron-based amorphous alloy sheets at a preset linear speed; two pulsed laser cutting units 100 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the sheet conveying path, with their output ends connected to a galvanometer drive module 200, used to perform laser cutting on the sheet during the unidirectional oscillation of the galvanometer; the galvanometer drive module 200 is located at the output end of the pulsed laser cutting unit 100, capable of high-speed unidirectional oscillation in the opposite direction of the sheet's movement and rapid return at high speed, forming an online cutting mode of "reverse light output, forward light off"; a speed sensing unit 400 is installed on one side of the tensioning wheel 305 at the end of the high-speed conveyor belt mechanism 300, used to monitor the sheet conveying speed in real time and feed it back to the control system module 500; the control system module 500 dynamically adjusts the reverse cutting speed of the galvanometer based on the data fed back by the speed sensing unit 400. 𝑓 Forward swing speed 𝑣 𝑟 (i.e., conveying speed) 𝑐 The laser system, along with the single swing distance D, precisely matches the cutting trajectory with the sheet's forward speed and controls the laser switch to achieve high-speed, continuous, and stable online slitting.

[0037] The pulsed laser cutting unit 100 adopts a QCS (Quartz Capillary Socket) fiber optic interface for laser optical path input. The laser output from the external pulsed fiber laser is stably coupled to the internal optical path of the pulsed laser cutting unit through the QCS interface. The QCS interface has the structural advantages of high power carrying capacity, low loss transmission and quick assembly and disassembly. Combined with pulse control technology, it enables the pulsed laser energy to maintain output stability during high-speed oscillating cutting and improves the optical path reliability and maintenance convenience of the entire cutting device.

[0038] The other galvanometer fixed in the vertical direction in the two-dimensional galvanometer group 203 and its corresponding drive motor can achieve a swing effect perpendicular to the swing direction of the above-mentioned galvanometer according to different requirements of the workpiece, so that the laser is perpendicular to the above-mentioned light output direction, thereby performing specific length cutting of strip-shaped thin slices.

[0039] The combination of pulse technology and two-dimensional galvanometer scanning enables high-frequency microscale processing capabilities. In this invention, the galvanometer swing speed and pulse repetition frequency are synchronized and coordinated by a real-time control system, so that each pulse application point forms a consistent microscale ablation spot on the surface of the thin sheet. This allows for the formation of continuous and precise kerf paths even at high speeds, which is difficult to achieve with continuous lasers.

[0040] The galvanometer drive module 200 uses an F160 field lens 205 with a focal length of 185mm and a maximum scanning distance (D) of 100mm. The galvanometer's swing scanning distance is adjusted via a host computer to match the single swing distance (D) at a fixed focal length. The air curtain 206 uses compressed air or nitrogen as the auxiliary gas for dust removal and protection. It addresses dust in the workshop environment and small splashes generated during cutting, providing safety protection for the laser cutting output end and the built-in field lens 205 to prevent contamination or damage to the field lens from reflecting back laser light and damaging internal components, thus affecting cutting quality.

[0041] The optimal repetition frequency of the pulsed laser used in the pulsed laser cutting unit 100 at full power is 165kHz (pulse mode). In practical applications, the pulse frequency is adjustable to achieve real-time synchronization with the galvanometer scanning speed. The actual application repetition frequency range is 165-400kHz (single-line scanning cutting mode). The pulse superposition density is dynamically adjusted to ensure a constant pulse spacing and uniform energy distribution, thereby ensuring the continuity and consistency of cutting. This achieves the impact cutting effect for iron-based amorphous alloy thin sheets, avoiding the formation of discontinuous ablation points by low-frequency pulses under high-speed scanning.

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, on a thin film of iron-based amorphous alloy at a constant speed of 𝑣 𝑐 As the galvanometer moves along the conveyor belt, it travels at a reverse speed of 𝑣 𝑓 High-speed oscillating cutting is performed. The laser emits light only during the reverse oscillation to form the cutting trajectory; after the cutting segment ends, the galvanometer returns to its forward oscillation speed. 𝑟 (Its value is related to the conveying speed) 𝑐 (Equal) Returns to the initial position in the off state, ready for the next cut. To ensure seamless connection between adjacent cut segments, this invention establishes a kinematic matching relationship for "instantaneous synchronous cutting": (1) Adjustable parameter settings on the host computer: Galvanometer reverse cutting speed 𝑓 (mm / s); Conveying speed 𝑐 (mm / s); The swing distance D (mm) is the scanning length of the galvanometer, and the maximum value depends on the field lens model (F160: 100mm).

[0043] (2) Relative directions of motion: During laser cutting, the oscillation of the galvanometer (i.e., the direction of laser action) moves in the opposite direction to the thin strip, with a reverse cutting speed of φ. 𝑓 Conveying speed 𝑐 The relationship with the relative speed Δt, i.e. ; (3) The relationship between the swing distance D and the cutting period T, i.e. , Therefore, the total time for completing one reverse light-emitting oscillation and one forward light-off oscillation, i.e., the time of one laser cutting cycle, is: ; (4) Actual cutting length L in a single operation: The actual cutting length L is actually the relative displacement distance between the reverse oscillation of the galvanometer and the forward movement of the thin strip, i.e., the reverse oscillation cutting time t. f The product of the relative speed Δt, i.e. ; (5) Continuous cutting without seams: Set the forward swing speed 𝑣 𝑟 With conveying speed 𝑐 The values ​​are equal to ensure that during the laser-induced swing-back process, the endpoint of the laser action always coincides with the initial point of action for the next cycle on the thin strip. , In this way, the end point of this cut coincides with the starting point of the next cut, achieving "instantaneous synchronous cutting". This ensures that the thin strip is cut stably and continuously without overlapping areas, thus avoiding heat accumulation that could affect the deformation of the thin strip.

[0044] By substituting the known parameters (motion parameters adjustable by the host computer), the cutting period T can be derived, i.e. ; (6) Theoretical verification: The distance the thin sheet travels in one complete oscillation cycle is equal to the length L of a single cut, that is... , Substitute the time t of the reverse pendulum f With the time t of the swing r achievable , use , achievable (Same as above); This ensures that the laser's point of action returns to the accurate starting point of the next cut segment immediately during the swing, thus enabling continuous and uninterrupted high-speed online cutting.

[0045] Meanwhile, the control system uses the real-time conveying speed R as feedback from the speed sensing unit. 𝑐 Automatically adjust the forward swing speed.𝑟 The timing of laser switching is adjusted to avoid repeated cutting or gaps, ensuring stable heat input and consistent cuts.

[0046] Table 1. Process Parameter Window of the Invention

[0047] As shown in Table 1, for commonly processed iron-based amorphous alloy sheets with a width of 200-800 mm (width 100-300 mm, thickness 25±2 μm, hardness 700-850 HV, density 7.23-7.28 g / cm³), through experiments and analysis, the corresponding pulsed laser cutting process parameter window established in this invention is as follows: Conveying speed 𝑐 3000-5000 mm / s; galvanometer inverse velocity 𝑣 𝑓 : 1000-8000mm / s; Galvanometer swing distance D: 30-100mm; Laser power: 200-300W; Laser pulse repetition rate: 165-400kHz; Laser pulse width: 120-500ns.

[0048] This parameter window has been verified to achieve high-speed, continuous, and stable online cutting results, with burr-free cuts, small heat-affected zones, and high surface finish.

[0049] The core of this invention utilizes a pulsed fiber laser as its energy source, whose pulsed output characteristics play an irreplaceable and crucial role in the high-speed scanning cutting mode of this invention. The pulsed laser can output high-peak-power energy pulses in an extremely short time, achieving efficient stripping of high-hardness iron-based amorphous alloy materials through a transient impact ablation mechanism. Compared to continuous light output, it offers advantages such as concentrated energy, a smaller heat-affected zone, and higher kerf stability, making it particularly suitable for the high-speed, short-duration oscillating cutting process required by this invention.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for online pulsed laser cutting of iron-based amorphous alloy sheets, comprising a high-speed conveyor belt mechanism (300), characterized in that: The high-speed conveyor belt mechanism (300) has pulsed laser cutting units (100) arranged on both sides of the vertical conveying direction. The laser output end of the pulsed laser cutting unit (100) is equipped with a galvanometer drive module (200). A speed sensing unit (400) is installed on the high-speed conveyor belt mechanism (300). The high-speed conveyor belt mechanism (300), the pulsed laser cutting unit (100), the galvanometer drive module (200) and the speed sensing unit (400) are positioned and fixed by the mounting support assembly (600) and are respectively connected to the control system module (500). The pulsed laser cutting unit (100) is equipped with a pulsed fiber laser, which is connected to the galvanometer drive module (200) through a fiber optic interface. The galvanometer drive module (200) includes a two-dimensional galvanometer drive motor (202) mounted on the module housing (201). A two-dimensional galvanometer group (203) is mounted at the end of the two-dimensional galvanometer drive motor (202). A lens fixing structure (207) is provided on the module housing (201) corresponding to the position of the two-dimensional galvanometer group (203). A field lens (205) is mounted on the lens fixing structure (207).

2. The pulsed laser in-line cutting device for iron-based amorphous alloy thin films as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The high-speed conveyor belt mechanism (300) includes a conveyor platform (301) with an internally integrated drive motor (304). The drive motor (304) drives and connects to the conveyor shaft (303) through a rod shaft structure. The conveyor shaft (303) is fixed to the feeding end of the conveyor platform (301) by bolts. The conveyor platform (301) is provided with a conveyor belt (302) connected to the conveyor shaft (303) and tensioning wheels (305) located at both ends of the conveyor belt (302).

3. The pulsed laser in-line cutting device for iron-based amorphous alloy thin films as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The speed sensing unit (400) is fixed to one side of the tensioning wheel (305) at the end of the high-speed conveyor belt mechanism (300) by the mounting support assembly (600), and the speed sensing unit (400) has a built-in miniature infrared speed sensor.

4. The pulsed laser in-line cutting device for iron-based amorphous alloy thin films as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The control system module (500) is based on an STM32 microcontroller and controls the movement of the two-dimensional galvanometer group (203) through the XY2-100 communication protocol. It communicates with the host computer through a standard serial port.

5. The pulsed laser in-line cutting device for iron-based amorphous alloy thin films as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The module housing (201) is the overall external structure of the galvanometer drive module (200). Two two-dimensional galvanometer drive motors (202) are fixed on the two vertical inner surfaces of the module housing (201) through a built-in knob connection structure. The two-dimensional galvanometer group (203) includes an X-axis galvanometer and a Y-axis galvanometer. The X-axis galvanometer and the Y-axis galvanometer are respectively connected to the ends of the two two-dimensional galvanometer drive motors (202) through snap-fit ​​clamps and are fixed perpendicularly to each other in the X and Y directions according to the optical path design. The laser reflected by the two-dimensional galvanometer group (203) is output through the field lens (205). An air curtain (206) is provided at the end of the field lens (205). An end connection knob (204) is provided on the bottom surface of the module housing (201). The end connection knob (204) is connected to the pulsed fiber laser through the fiber optic interface.

6. A method for pulsed laser in-line cutting of iron-based amorphous alloy thin sheets based on the apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: The high-speed conveyor belt mechanism transports iron-based amorphous alloy sheets at a preset linear speed. The output ends of the pulsed laser cutting units on both sides are connected to the galvanometer drive mechanism. During the unidirectional oscillation of the galvanometer, synchronous laser cutting is performed on both sides of the sheet. The galvanometer drive mechanism oscillates at high speed in the opposite direction of the sheet's movement and quickly returns to its original position, forming an online cutting mode with reverse light output and forward light off. The speed sensing unit monitors the sheet conveying speed in real time and feeds it back to the control system module. Based on the data fed back by the speed sensing unit, the control system module dynamically adjusts the reverse cutting speed, forward oscillation speed, and single oscillation distance of the galvanometer, and controls the laser on / off state.

7. The method for in-line pulsed laser cutting of iron-based amorphous alloy thin films as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The iron-based amorphous alloy sheet moves forward at a constant conveying speed on a high-speed conveyor belt mechanism. The galvanometer performs high-speed oscillating cuts in the opposite direction of the conveyor belt's movement at a reverse cutting speed. Then, in the off state, the galvanometer swings the laser action point back to the initial position of the reverse light output oscillation at a forward swing speed. This process is repeated, and the initial position of the laser action point at the start of the next reverse oscillation is aligned with the end point of the previous laser cut, achieving seamless connection between adjacent cut segments.

8. The method for in-line pulsed laser cutting of iron-based amorphous alloy thin films as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The forward swing speed of the galvanometer is equal to the conveying speed of the iron-based amorphous alloy sheet.

9. The method for in-line pulsed laser cutting of iron-based amorphous alloy thin films as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The iron-based amorphous alloy sheet has a width of 200-800 mm, a thickness of 25±2 μm, a Vickers hardness of 700-850 HV, a density of 7.23-7.28 g / cm³, and a resistivity of 1.20-1.23 μΩ·m.

10. The method for in-line pulsed laser cutting of iron-based amorphous alloy thin films as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The high-speed conveyor belt mechanism has a conveying speed of 3000-5000 mm / s, a galvanometer reverse speed of 1000-8000 mm / s, a galvanometer swing distance of 30-100 mm, a laser power output of 200-300 W from the pulsed fiber laser, a laser pulse repetition rate of 165-400 kHz, and a laser pulse width of 120-500 ns.

Images