RH vacuum tank cold steel flue gas dust removal device and method

Abstract

The invention provides an RH vacuum tank cold steel flue gas dust removal device and method, and belongs to the technical field of steel smelting. The device comprises a collection container, a lifting device, a transportation device, a telescopic joint, a dust removal valve and a dust removal flue. The top of the collecting container is opened and matched with a side smoke exhaust hole, the dip pipe is inserted into the collecting container in the jacking state of the lifting device, dynamic sealing connection is achieved by combining an air cylinder driving corrugated pipe structure of the telescopic connector, and the tail end of the dust removal flue is connected into an air exhaust system. The method comprises the steps of container in-place, transportation, dip pipe insertion, flue connection, dust removal operation and recovery. According to the invention, the problem of smoke dust diffusion of the cold steel is solved through modular collaborative operation, and the dust removal efficiency reaches 100%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steel smelting equipment technology, and in particular to a dust removal device and method for RH vacuum troughing cold steel flue gas. Background Technology

[0002] During the RH refining process, cold steel accumulates in the vacuum tank, and the traditional blowing oxidation cold steel process generates a large amount of iron oxide fumes (commonly known as "yellow smoke"). Studies have shown that the cold steel formed by molten steel splashing during RH vacuum refining leads to increased maintenance costs. Although vacuum tank slag removal systems exist, they cannot effectively solve the problem of fume capture during cold steel melting. Existing high-efficiency dust removal devices use a spray structure, but are not suitable for treating high-temperature molten metal fumes; flue gas purification systems focus on waste heat recovery and do not address source capture. Therefore, a dedicated device needs to be developed to solve the problem of fume diffusion during cold steel melting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dust removal device and method for RH vacuum trough steel cooling flue gas, which aims to solve the technical problems of dust emission from steel cooling workshops, limited collection function, and dynamic sealing of moving parts.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, according to one aspect of this application, an embodiment of the present invention provides a dust removal device for RH vacuum troughing cold steel flue gas, comprising: The collection container is open at the top and has smoke vents on the sides, and is lined with refractory material inside. A transport device that travels horizontally along tracks and carries collection containers; The lifting device is located directly below the collection container and is in rigid contact with the vehicle frame; Expansion joints connect the exhaust port and the dust collection duct via flanges; Dust removal valves are integrated into the straight section of the dust removal flue. The lifting device vertically lifts the collection container so that the immersion tube can be inserted into it, and the bellows of the telescopic joint is driven by a cylinder to achieve axial extension and retraction.

[0005] In some embodiments: the distance from the center line of the exhaust hole of the collection container to the top of the collection container is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the total height of the collection container, and the hole diameter is 0.8 to 1.0 times the outer diameter of the impregnation tube.

[0006] In some implementations: the lifting device is hydraulically driven and the maximum lifting force is 1.5-2 times the weight of the collection container, and the lifting stroke accuracy is controlled within ±10mm.

[0007] In some embodiments, the wheel assembly of the transport device adopts a double-flange structure.

[0008] In some embodiments: the bellows of the expansion joint is a multi-layer stainless steel structure, with annular reinforcing ribs at the troughs of the bellows, and the cylinder thrust calculation formula is: F≥f×K, where f is the bellows tension, K is the safety factor, and K is between 1.5 and 2.0.

[0009] In some embodiments, the device further includes a control unit, which is electrically connected to the displacement sensor of the lifting device, the laser rangefinder of the transport device, and the opening detector of the dust removal valve, respectively.

[0010] This invention also provides a method for dust removal from RH vacuum troughing cold steel flue gas, based on the apparatus described in any of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps: S1: Container positioning - The collection container is hoisted onto the support of the transport device using the lifting lugs; S2: Path planning - The transport device runs along the track to the processing position directly below the vacuum tank, with a positioning error of ≤10mm; S3: Lifting and Insertion – The lifting device lifts the collection container to insert the immersion tube to a depth of 600-900 mm; S4: Flue connection - The cylinder of the expansion joint pushes the bellows to extend 150-200mm to achieve flange sealing connection; S5: Negative pressure dust removal - Open the dust removal valve to maintain the system negative pressure at -10 to -30 kPa, and start blowing the cold steel to oxidize it. S6: Material recovery - After closing the valve, retract the expansion joint, lower the collection container and transport it to the hoisting position.

[0011] In some implementations: the oxygen blowing pressure in step S5 is 1.0-1.6 MPa, and the steelmaking temperature is controlled at 1500-1550℃.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the RH vacuum troughing cold steel flue gas dust removal device and method of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects: Smoke and dust collection efficiency is 100%; Modular design adapts to different RH furnace types, resulting in low retrofit costs; The collection container has the functions of both dust collection and cold steel recycling.

[0013] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 System overall structure diagram; Figure 2 Collect container structure diagrams; Figure 3 : Structural diagram of the transportation device; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of expansion joint structure.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Vacuum tank; 2. Impregnation tube; 3. Collection container; 4. Transport device; 5. Lifting device; 6. Expansion joint; 7. Dust removal flue; 8. Valve; 11. Refractory material; 13. Lifting lug; 14. Support; 15. Smoke exhaust port; 21. Support; 22. Frame; 23. Wheel set; 31. Cylinder; 32. Flange; 33. Corrugated pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, the specific embodiments, structures, features, and effects according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "embodiments" or "embodiments" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be clearly stated that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence; the terms "vertical," "lateral," "longitudinal," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "up," "down," "horizontal," etc., indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are merely for the convenience of describing this invention, and do not mean that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or position, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0020] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a dust removal device for RH vacuum troughing cold steel flue gas, including... The collection container 3 has an open top and a smoke exhaust hole 15 on the side, and is lined with refractory material 11 inside. The transport device 4 travels horizontally along the track and carries the collection container 3; The lifting device 5 is located directly below the collection container 3 and is in rigid contact with the vehicle frame 22; Expansion joint 6 is connected to smoke exhaust port 15 and dust removal flue 7 respectively via flange 32; Dust removal valve 8 is integrated into the straight section of the dust removal flue 7; The lifting device 5 vertically lifts the collection container so that the immersion tube 2 is inserted into it, and the bellows 33 of the telescopic joint 6 is driven by the cylinder 31 to achieve axial extension and retraction.

[0021] This embodiment of an RH vacuum troughing cold steel flue gas dust removal device addresses the problem of flue gas control during the RH vacuum troughing cold steel process. It constructs a collaborative dust removal system, the core of which consists of a collection container 3, a lifting device 5, a transport device 4, a telescopic joint 6, a dust removal valve 8, and a dust removal flue 7. The precise cooperation of each component achieves efficient collection of flue gas and recovery of cold steel.

[0022] The collection container 3 features an open top design, providing ample space for the insertion of the impregnation tube 2 and fully accommodating the cold steel flowing down after molten steel. Its specially designed exhaust port 15 on the side serves as a dedicated channel for smoke and dust discharge. The refractory material 11 inside the collection container effectively resists the erosion of high-temperature molten steel, extending the service life of the collection container. The lifting device 5 is precisely positioned directly below the collection container 3, forming rigid contact with the container support 14 during operation to ensure stability during the lifting process. Through a vertically upward driving force, the collection container is precisely lifted, allowing the impregnation tube 2 to be smoothly inserted into the collection container, achieving a tight connection between the source of smoke and dust generation and the collection device.

[0023] The transport device 4 is securely connected to the frame 22 via rails. The frame 22 provides a reliable load-bearing foundation for the collection container 3, allowing the container to move flexibly with the transport device 4 and be smoothly transferred between the processing position and the hoisting position, meeting the positional requirements of different processes. The expansion joint 6, as a key structure connecting the dynamic and fixed components, achieves a sealed connection with the exhaust port 15 of the collection container 3 and the dust collection duct 7 via flanges 32 at both ends. Its internal bellows 33 can axially expand and contract under the drive of the cylinder 31, ensuring a sealed state even when the position of the collection container changes, preventing dust leakage. The dust collection valve 8 is integrated into the straight section of the dust collection duct 7, allowing precise control of the duct's opening and closing, and working with the subsequent extraction system to achieve directional discharge of dust.

[0024] During operation, the collection container 3 is first transferred to the processing position directly below the vacuum tank 1 via the transport device 4. Then, the lifting device 5 is activated, vertically lifting the collection container to a preset height, allowing the impregnation tube 2 to be stably inserted into the collection container, forming a closed space for dust collection. Next, the cylinder 31 of the expansion joint 6 drives the bellows 33 to extend, completing a sealed connection with the exhaust port 15 and the dust collection duct 7 via the flange 32. At this time, the dust collection valve 8 is opened, and the extraction system is activated to create a negative pressure environment. A large amount of dust generated during the melting and cooling of the steel enters the expansion joint 6 through the exhaust port 15, and then enters the dust collection duct 7 through the dust collection valve 8 for centralized treatment. Simultaneously, the molten cold steel is collected by the collection container 3. Through the coordinated operation of its components, the entire system blocks the dust diffusion path at the source and achieves the recycling of cold steel. This solves the problems of severe dust pollution and resource waste in traditional melting and cooling processes, significantly improving the workshop operating environment and enhancing the environmental friendliness and economic efficiency of production.

[0025] In some embodiments: the distance from the center line of the exhaust hole 15 of the collection container 3 to the top of the collection container is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the total height of the collection container, and the hole diameter is 0.8 to 1.0 times the outer diameter of the impregnation tube 2.

[0026] In this embodiment, the exhaust port 15 of the collection container 3 has been precisely optimized. The distance from the center line of the exhaust port 15 to the top of the collection container is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the total height of the collection container, and the aperture is 0.8 to 1.0 times the outer diameter of the impregnation tube 2. The efficiency of smoke and dust collection is further improved through reasonable size design.

[0027] In actual operation, after the collection container 3 is transferred to the processing position by the transport device 4, the lifting device 5 lifts it up, allowing the impregnation tube 2 to be inserted into the collection container. Since the centerline of the exhaust port 15 is located at 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the total height of the collection container, this position is precisely below the core area where smoke and dust are generated. A large amount of iron oxide smoke (yellow smoke) generated during the ferro-oxygen reaction during the melting and cooling of steel will accumulate inside the collection container. This height setting allows the smoke and dust to quickly reach the exhaust port 15 during its ascent, preventing the smoke and dust from lingering in the collection container for an extended period and overflowing. Simultaneously, the orifice diameter is set to 0.8-1.0 times the outer diameter of the impregnation tube 2, ensuring smooth smoke and dust passage without causing smoke and dust blockage due to an excessively small orifice diameter, while also creating a reasonable airflow velocity to enhance the smoke and dust extraction effect and prevent smoke and dust from swirling and leaking near the exhaust port 15.

[0028] When the exhaust system is activated, a negative pressure is created inside the collection container. Under this negative pressure, the smoke and dust are smoothly discharged from the exhaust port 15 and enter the dust collection duct 7 through the expansion joint 6. The reasonable orifice position and diameter design reduces resistance and stabilizes the flow path of the smoke and dust during collection and transportation, effectively reducing the risk of smoke and dust residue and leakage in the collection container. Compared with traditional exhaust structures without specific size design, this optimized design makes smoke and dust collection more targeted, significantly improving the integrity of smoke and dust collection, further reducing the dust concentration in the workshop, and avoiding the problems of insufficient negative pressure due to excessively large orifice diameters or smoke and dust blockage due to excessively small orifice diameters. This ensures the continuous and stable operation of the dust collection system and provides a more reliable environmental protection guarantee for the cold steelmaking process.

[0029] In some embodiments: the lifting device 5 is hydraulically driven and the maximum lifting force is 1.5-2 times the weight of the collection container, and the lifting stroke accuracy is controlled within ±10mm.

[0030] This embodiment focuses on optimizing the driving method and performance parameters of the lifting device 5. It adopts a hydraulic drive mode, sets the maximum lifting force to 1.5-2 times the weight of the collection container, and controls the lifting stroke accuracy within ±10mm to ensure the stability and precision of the lifting process of the collection container, providing a solid guarantee for the sealed collection of smoke and dust.

[0031] During operation, after the transport device 4 transports the collection container 3 to the processing position, the lifting device 5 begins to work. The hydraulic drive system is characterized by its strong power and smooth operation, providing a continuous and uniform lifting force to the collection container. Since the maximum lifting force is set to 1.5-2 times the weight of the collection container, even if a certain amount of molten cold steel is collected inside, the lifting device 5 can easily lift it, avoiding difficulties in lifting or insufficient power due to increased load. Simultaneously, the smoothness of the hydraulic drive effectively prevents the collection container from shaking or tilting during lifting, ensuring that the impregnation tube 2 can be accurately and smoothly inserted into the collection container, avoiding gaps in the dust leakage caused by container misalignment.

[0032] The lifting stroke accuracy is controlled to a high standard of ±10mm, enabling the lifting device 5 to lift the collection container to a preset precise height. This ensures that the insertion depth of the impregnation tube 2 into the collection container meets design requirements, preventing smoke and dust from overflowing from the gaps due to shallow insertion, and avoiding damage to the refractory material 11 of the collection container due to excessive insertion. This precise control capability allows for a more seamless cooperation between the lifting device 5, the collection container 3, and the impregnation tube 2, creating favorable conditions for the subsequent sealing connection of the expansion joint 6.

[0033] During the cooling process, the lifting device 5 maintains a stable lifting position, bearing the weight of the collection container and the internal cooled steel. Its reliable performance ensures the continuous operation of the entire dust removal system under high temperature and high pressure conditions. Compared to traditional electric drive methods, the hydraulically driven lifting device 5 has advantages in load capacity, operational stability, and precision control, effectively improving the operational reliability and service life of the entire dust removal device and providing strong equipment support for efficient dust collection.

[0034] In some embodiments, the wheel assembly 23 of the transport device 4 adopts a double-flange structure.

[0035] This embodiment optimizes the structure of the transport device 4, and its wheel set 23 adopts a double flange structure. The structural design improves the operational stability and path adaptability of the transport device 4, ensuring the safe and accurate transfer of the collection container 3.

[0036] The transport device 4, as the mobile carrier of the collection container 3, undertakes the important task of transferring the collection container between the hoisting position and the processing position. The double-flange wheel structure adopted by the wheel set 23 can effectively limit the lateral displacement of the wheels on the track, prevent the wheels from derailing due to vibration or slight unevenness of the track during transportation, and provide structural protection for the smooth transportation of the collection container.

[0037] When the transport device 4 carries the collection container 3 along the track, the collection container 3 can remain stable and will not shake or tilt, effectively protecting the refractory material 11 inside the collection container and avoiding damage caused by collision.

[0038] In actual production, the transport device 4 needs to frequently travel between the hoisting position and the processing position, and its stable operation ensures the continuity of the process. Precise transfer capability allows the collection container 3 to accurately reach the processing position, creating precise positioning conditions for the lifting device 5, the insertion of the impregnation tube 2, and the connection of the expansion joint 6. The combination of the double-flange wheel structure and the reasonable track design allows the transport device 4 to adapt to the complex layout of the workshop, improving the site adaptability of the entire dust removal system. This ensures that the collection container transfer task can be completed stably and efficiently in different production sites, providing reliable transportation support for the smooth operation of dust collection and cold steel recycling.

[0039] In some embodiments: the bellows 33 of the expansion joint 6 is a multi-layer stainless steel structure, with annular reinforcing ribs at the troughs of the bellows. The formula for calculating the thrust of the cylinder 31 is: F≥f×K, where f is the elastic force of the bellows, K is the safety factor, and K is between 1.5 and 2.0.

[0040] The scheme of this embodiment has refined the design of the structure and performance of the expansion joint 6. Its bellows 33 adopts a multi-layer stainless steel structure, and there are annular reinforcing ribs at the troughs of the bellows. At the same time, the formula for calculating the thrust of the cylinder 31 is defined as F≥f×K; where f is the elastic force of the bellows and K is the safety factor with a value between 1.5 and 2.0. Through structural reinforcement and accurate thrust calculation, the sealing performance and service life of the expansion joint 6 are ensured.

[0041] The expansion joint 6, as a key component connecting the collection container 3 and the dust collection flue 7, needs to maintain a reliable seal under dynamic conditions. The bellows 33 adopts a multi-layer stainless steel structure, which, compared to a single-layer structure, has stronger pressure resistance, fatigue resistance, and sealing effect, effectively resisting the erosion of high-temperature dust and the impact of airflow during the melting and cooling process. The annular reinforcing ribs at the corrugation troughs further enhance the structural strength of the bellows 33, preventing deformation or damage due to pressure changes or frequent use during expansion and contraction, thus extending the service life of the bellows 33.

[0042] During operation, after the collection container 3 is lifted to the preset height by the lifting device 5, it needs to be sealed to the dust collection duct 7 via the expansion joint 6. At this time, the cylinder 31 is activated, and its thrust is precisely calculated according to the formula F≥f×K to ensure that sufficient driving force can be provided to push the bellows 33 to extend. The bellows elasticity f is determined according to the wavelength, radius, and thickness of the bellows, and the safety factor K is taken as 1.5-2.0, which ensures that the thrust can overcome the system resistance and achieve reliable sealing, while avoiding damage to the bellows 33 due to excessive thrust.

[0043] When cylinder 31 pushes the bellows 33 to extend to the preset length, the flanges 32 at both ends fit tightly with the exhaust port 15 of the collection container 3 and the dust removal flue 7, respectively, forming a sealed connection. During the dust removal process of the cooled steel, the expansion joint 6 remains sealed to prevent dust leakage from the connection. After the dust removal is completed, cylinder 31 reverses its action, pulling the bellows 33 to retract, causing the expansion joint 6 to separate from the collection container 3, so that the transport device 4 can transfer the collection container to the hoisting position.

[0044] Through structural reinforcement and precise thrust calculation, this design enables the expansion joint 6 to maintain stable sealing performance under high temperature, high pressure, and frequent expansion and contraction working environments. It effectively solves the problems of unreliable sealing, easy leakage, and poor high temperature resistance of traditional connection methods, providing a guarantee for the directional transportation of smoke and dust, and further improving the dust removal efficiency and operational reliability of the entire dust removal system.

[0045] During the operation of the dust removal system, the smoke and dust generated by the cooling steel enter the expansion joint 6 through the exhaust port 15 of the collection container 3, then flow into the dust removal flue 7, and then enter the extraction system.

[0046] In some embodiments, the device further includes a control unit, which is electrically connected to the displacement sensor of the lifting device 5, the laser rangefinder of the transport device 4, and the opening detector of the dust removal valve 8, respectively.

[0047] The solution in this embodiment adds a control unit to the existing device. The control unit is electrically connected to the displacement sensor of the lifting device 5, the laser rangefinder of the transport device 4, and the opening detector of the dust removal valve 8. Through automated control, the precise coordinated operation of each component is realized, thereby improving the intelligence level and operating accuracy of the dust removal system.

[0048] At the start of operation, after receiving the start signal, the control unit first obtains the current position information of the transport device 4 through the laser rangefinder. Based on the preset processing position coordinates, it controls the transport device 4 to move precisely along the track. The laser rangefinder can provide real-time feedback on the running distance and speed of the transport device 4. The control unit adjusts the drive parameters based on this data to ensure that the positioning error of the transport device 4 when it reaches the processing position meets the requirements, laying a precise positional foundation for subsequent processes.

[0049] Once the transport device 4 reaches the processing position, the control unit sends a lifting command to the lifting device 5, while simultaneously monitoring the lifting height of the collection container in real time via the displacement sensor of the lifting device 5. The displacement sensor transmits the detected height data to the control unit in real time. Based on the preset target height, the control unit precisely controls the lifting stroke of the lifting device 5, ensuring that the lifting stroke accuracy is controlled within ±10mm, so that the immersion tube 2 can be accurately inserted into the preset depth of the collection container 3.

[0050] After the lifting device 5 completes the lifting, the control unit controls the cylinder 31 of the telescopic joint 6 to actuate, pushing the bellows 33 to extend and achieve a sealing connection. Subsequently, the control unit sends an opening command to the dust removal valve 8 and monitors the valve's opening status and degree in real time through the opening degree detector of the dust removal valve 8. According to the negative pressure requirements of the exhaust system, the control unit precisely adjusts the opening degree of the dust removal valve 8 to maintain the system negative pressure within the preset range, ensuring that the smoke and dust can be discharged efficiently.

[0051] During the dust removal process of the cooled steel, the control unit continuously receives data from various sensors and detectors, and monitors parameters such as the stability of the lifting device 5, the position of the conveying device 4, and the opening degree of the dust removal valve 8 in real time. Once a parameter is found to deviate from the preset range, the control unit immediately issues an adjustment command to correct the deviation in a timely manner, ensuring that the entire system is always in optimal operating condition.

[0052] After the dust removal operation is completed, the control unit, according to a preset program, sequentially controls the dust removal valve 8 to close, the expansion joint 6 to retract, and the lifting device 5 to descend. Then, the laser rangefinder of the transport device 4 controls the precise transfer of the collection container 3 to the hoisting position. The entire process requires no manual intervention, realizing fully automated control from the positioning of the collection container, transportation, lifting, flue connection, dust removal to material recovery.

[0053] The addition of this control unit not only reduces errors and labor intensity caused by manual operation, but also significantly improves the accuracy and timeliness of the coordinated operation of various components, avoiding problems such as dust leakage and equipment damage caused by improper manual operation. At the same time, automated control makes the dust removal system more stable and reliable, improves production efficiency, reduces the impact of human factors on dust removal effect, and makes the entire dust removal system more adaptable to the automated production needs of modern steel smelting.

[0054] This invention also provides a method for dust removal from RH vacuum troughing cold steel flue gas, based on the apparatus described in any of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps: S1: Container positioning - The collection container 3 is hoisted onto the support 21 of the transport device 4 via the lifting lug 13; S2: Path planning - The transport device 4 runs along the track to the processing position directly below the vacuum tank 1, with a positioning error of ≤5mm; S3: Lifting and Insertion - Lifting device 5 lifts the collection container so that the immersion tube 2 is inserted to a depth of 600-900mm; S4: Flue connection - the cylinder 31 of the expansion joint 6 pushes the bellows 33 to extend by 150-200mm to achieve a sealing connection of the flange 32; S5: Negative pressure dust removal - Open dust removal valve 8 to maintain the system negative pressure at -10 to -30 kPa, and start blowing to oxidize cold steel at the same time; S6: Material recovery - After closing valve 8, retract the expansion joint 6, lower the collection container and transport it to the hoisting position.

[0055] In some implementations: the oxygen blowing pressure in step S5 is 1.0-1.6 MPa, and the steelmaking temperature is controlled at 1500-1550℃.

[0056] This embodiment refines the parameters of the negative pressure dust removal step (step S5), specifying that the oxygen blowing pressure is 1.0-1.6MPa and the steel melting temperature is controlled at 1500-1550℃. By optimizing the oxygen blowing parameters and temperature control, the synergy between efficient melting of cold steel and orderly collection of smoke and dust is achieved.

[0057] After entering the negative pressure dust removal step, the system negative pressure has been adjusted to the preset range of -10 to -30 kPa through dust removal valve 8. At this time, the oxygen blowing device starts according to the set parameters, and the oxygen blowing pressure is controlled between 1.0 and 1.6 MPa. This pressure range can ensure that the oxygen is in full contact with the surface of the cold steel, promote the vigorous iron-oxygen reaction, and generate enough heat to melt the cold steel, while avoiding excessive splashing of molten steel due to excessive pressure, thus reducing the disorderly diffusion of dust.

[0058] During the oxygen blowing process, the steel melting temperature is precisely controlled between 1500-1550℃. This temperature range is the optimal range for the ferro-oxygen reaction, maximizing the reaction rate and exothermic efficiency to ensure the rapid and complete melting of the cold steel. Simultaneously, this temperature also ensures that the molten steel has good fluidity, facilitating its smooth flow into the collection container 3 and preventing the molten steel from solidifying at the bottom of the immersion tube and forming "sags" due to excessively low temperatures.

[0059] The combination of a negative pressure environment, reasonable oxygen blowing parameters, and precise temperature control makes the cold steel melting process both efficient and orderly. The large amount of dust generated by the ferro-oxygen reaction is promptly removed under negative pressure, while the molten cold steel is effectively collected, achieving the dual goals of dust control and cold steel recovery. Compared to traditional oxygen blowing processes without clearly defined parameter control, this refined scheme makes the cold steel melting process more controllable, improving both the efficiency of cold steel melting and the effectiveness of dust collection, significantly enhancing the practicality and reliability of the entire dust removal method.

[0060] After the steel is cooled, the dust removal valve 8 is closed, the expansion joint 6 is retracted, the lifting device 5 is lowered, and the collection container 3 is placed back on the transport device 4 and transferred to the hoisting position.

[0061] The overhead crane in the workshop smoothly lifts the collection container 3 using the lifting lugs 13 on both sides of the collection container. The structural design of the lifting lugs 13 can withstand the weight of the collection container and the molten steel inside, ensuring the stability of the lifting process.

[0062] During the hoisting process, the collection container must be transported to the scrap steel processing station according to the pre-set transfer route. Upon arrival at the station, specialized equipment is used to safely extract the collected molten steel from the container for subsequent recycling and reuse. This molten steel recycling not only reduces resource waste but also lowers the cost of scrap steel processing, achieving a balance between economic and environmental benefits.

[0063] These detailed steps standardize the entire material recycling process, from the end of the molten steel cooling process to the hoisting and transportation, with clear operational standards and safety requirements for each step. Through scientifically standardized hoisting operations, the safety risks associated with high-temperature operations are effectively mitigated, while ensuring the smooth recycling of the collected molten steel. This creates a complete closed loop for the dust removal method, solving the problem of smoke and dust pollution while achieving resource recycling, further enhancing the practicality and overall benefits of the technical solution.

[0064] The inside of the smoke exhaust port 15 is provided with a conical guide hood. The large diameter end of the guide hood faces the inside of the collection container and smoothly transitions with the inner wall of the collection container. The conical guide hood of the smoke exhaust port guides the smoke and dust in the collection container to flow in a directional direction to the smoke exhaust port, reducing the stagnation of smoke and dust in the collection container and improving the collection efficiency. The smooth transition design avoids the accumulation of smoke and dust at the connection between the guide hood and the inner wall of the collection container.

[0065] Wheel set 23 is equipped with an electromagnetic braking device with a braking response time of ≤0.5s. The electromagnetic braking device of the wheel set enables the transport device to brake quickly and accurately, ensuring the positioning accuracy at the processing position and the hoisting position, avoiding the displacement of the collection container due to braking delay, and ensuring operational safety.

[0066] A high-temperature resistant gasket is installed between the flanges 32 at both ends of the bellows 33. The gasket material is flexible graphite. The high-temperature resistant gasket enhances the sealing performance between the expansion joint and the exhaust port and dust removal duct, resists high-temperature dust erosion, prevents dust leakage from the flange connection, and improves sealing reliability.

[0067] The dust collection flue 7 is equipped with a detachable filter screen in the middle, with a screen aperture of 5-10mm. The flue filter screen intercepts larger particles of impurities in the flue dust, preventing impurities from clogging subsequent pipes or equipment. The detachable design facilitates cleaning and maintenance, extending the service life of the flue.

[0068] The control unit integrates a smoke concentration sensor, with the sensor probe positioned on the upper part of the collection container 3. The smoke concentration sensor monitors the smoke concentration within the collection container in real time, providing data support to the control unit to dynamically adjust the opening of the dust removal valve, optimize dust removal efficiency, and avoid energy waste.

[0069] During oxygen blowing, the opening degree of the dust removal valve is dynamically adjusted based on the feedback data from the smoke concentration sensor; the oxygen blowing flow rate is increased in a stepwise manner: this avoids the violent splashing of molten steel caused by the initial large amount of oxygen blowing, reduces the disorderly diffusion of smoke and dust, and at the same time allows the iron-oxygen reaction to start smoothly, improving the uniformity and safety of steelmaking.

[0070] The connection between the bellows 33 and the flange 32 can also be sealed with a metal spiral wound gasket, which is ≥800℃. The gasket is made of stainless steel strip wound with graphite, providing high-temperature sealing and preventing leakage at the connection of the bellows 33.

[0071] The following are some specific examples: Example 1:

[0072] Reference Figure 1 The apparatus is arranged around the vacuum tank 1. The collection container 3 is initially located at the hoisting position and moves to the processing position along the track via the transport device 4. The lifting device 5 uses a hydraulic cylinder with a lifting speed of 30~50mm / s to ensure that the immersion tube 2 is inserted into the collection container to a depth ≥600mm. The bellows 33 of the expansion joint 6 is made of 316L stainless steel, and the working pressure of the cylinder 31 is 0.4~0.6MPa. Example 2:

[0073] When applied to a 250tRH furnace, the inner diameter of the collection container is 2.4 times the outer diameter of the impregnation tube, and the exhaust port 15 has a diameter of 1200mm. The dust collection duct 7 has an inner diameter of 1200mm, and valve 8 is an electric butterfly valve with adjustable opening. The control system uses PLC programming to achieve sequential control, and displacement sensors monitor the lifting height of the collection container in real time.

[0074] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the devices, apparatuses, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0075] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dust removal device for RH vacuum troughing cold steel flue gas, characterized in that: include The collection container (3) has an open top and a smoke exhaust hole (15) on the side, and is lined with refractory material (11) inside. The transport device (4) moves horizontally along the track and carries the collection container (3); The lifting device (5) is located directly below the collection container (3) and is in rigid contact with the frame (22); The expansion joint (6) is connected to the smoke exhaust port (15) and the dust removal flue (7) respectively through the flange (32); Dust removal valve (8) is integrated into the straight section of the dust removal flue (7); The lifting device (5) vertically lifts the transport device (4) and the collection container (3), so that the immersion tube (2) is inserted into it, and the bellows (33) of the telescopic joint (6) is driven by the cylinder (31) to achieve axial extension and retraction.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the center line of the exhaust hole (15) of the collection container (3) and the top of the collection container (3) is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the total height of the collection container (3), and the hole diameter is 0.8 to 1.0 times the outer diameter of the impregnation tube (2).

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device (5) is hydraulically driven and the maximum lifting force is 1.5-2 times the weight of the collection container (3). The lifting stroke accuracy is controlled within ±10mm.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel assembly (23) of the transport device (4) adopts a double-flange structure.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bellows (33) of the expansion joint (6) is a multi-layer stainless steel structure, with annular reinforcing ribs at the troughs of the bellows. The formula for calculating the thrust of the cylinder (31) is: F≥f×K; Where f is the bellows tension and K is the safety factor, with a value between 1.5 and 2.

0.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a control unit, which is electrically connected to the displacement sensor of the lifting device (5), the laser rangefinder of the transport device (4), and the opening detector of the dust removal valve (8), respectively.

7. A method for dust removal from RH vacuum troughing cold steel flue gas, based on the apparatus described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Container positioning - The collection container (3) is hoisted onto the support (21) of the transport device (4) using the lugs (13); S2: Path planning - The transport device (4) runs along the track to the processing position directly below the vacuum tank (1), with a positioning error of ≤10mm; S3: Lifting and Insertion - The lifting device (5) lifts the collection container (3) so that the immersion tube (2) is inserted to a depth of 600-900 mm; S4: Flue connection - The cylinder (31) of the expansion joint (6) pushes the bellows (33) to extend by 150-200mm to achieve a flange (32) sealing connection; S5: Negative pressure dust removal - Open the dust removal valve (8) to maintain the negative pressure of the system at -10 to -30 kPa, and start blowing the oxidized cold steel at the same time; S6: Material recovery - After closing the valve (8), retract the expansion joint (6), lower the collection container (3) and transport it to the hoisting position.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S5, the oxygen blowing pressure is 1.0-1.6 MPa, and the temperature of the cooled steel is controlled at 1500-1550℃.

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