Fabricated construction process for roof engineering

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembly type construction technology of roof engineering, and relates to the technical field of building construction, and the technology comprises the steps that after a roof structural plate is completed, waterproof structure construction and waterproof protection construction are sequentially carried out; the prefabricated heat insulation facing unit is pasted on the waterproof protection layer in an assembled mode, and heat insulation and facing integrated installation of the roof center area is completed; a drainage outer groove is installed on the periphery of a roof in an assembled pasting mode, and a slope-adjustable drainage ditch is formed through an internally-installed insertion plate and an internally-installed inner groove plate. A splicing seam between the heat insulation veneer unit and the drainage component is filled with a foaming type heat preservation material and a weather-proof sealing material in a grading mode, and a splicing seam structure with heat preservation and waterproof performance is formed; and the tail end of the drainage ditch and the water falling opening position of the roof are connected and sealed to form an assembly type roof drainage system. The process can reduce on-site wet operation, improve construction efficiency and enhance durability of a waterproof, heat-preservation and drainage system of the roof, and is suitable for fabricated building roof engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a prefabricated construction process for roofing projects. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement of building energy efficiency standards, the requirements for the thermal insulation performance of roof envelope structures are constantly increasing. In coastal cities, the thickness of roof insulation layers has been generally increased in residential projects in recent years. The design thickness of extruded polystyrene (XPS) boards has approached 100mm. At the same time, it is required that roof finishing materials use durable hard paving materials such as plaza bricks to meet the functional and aesthetic requirements of the roof.

[0003] Currently, inverted roof structures are commonly used in engineering projects. The typical approach is as follows: multiple waterproof layers, waterproof protective layers, extruded polystyrene boards, isolation layers, and cast-in-place concrete protective layers are sequentially installed on the reinforced concrete roof structure slab. Anti-crack reinforcing bars are placed inside the concrete protective layer, and decorative bricks are laid on the top layer. This type of roof structure is mainly constructed using wet work, with many construction procedures and complex layers, and it is highly dependent on the quality of on-site construction.

[0004] In actual construction, since the extruded polystyrene board is located above the waterproof layer, it is prone to deformation or damage during concrete pouring, foot traffic, and material stacking, affecting the overall insulation effect. At the same time, the construction of the concrete protective layer and the facing bricks both require on-site wet work, resulting in a long construction period and significant impact from weather conditions. When roof leaks occur later, it is often necessary to completely remove the facing layer and protective layer for repairs, which is costly, causes significant construction disruption, and seriously affects the use and maintenance of the building.

[0005] In addition, traditional roof drainage ditches are mostly cast-in-place or simply prefabricated, which are not well integrated with the roof structure. They have many drainage nodes, and it is difficult to control the construction precision, which can easily lead to leakage problems. It is difficult to balance construction efficiency, durability and economy.

[0006] In summary, the existing technology has at least the following technical problems: Existing roof cladding structures all require on-site wet construction, and the insulation and drainage structures have a low degree of prefabrication, making it difficult to meet the technical requirements of prefabricated buildings for construction efficiency and durability. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated construction process for roofing projects, in order to solve the technical problems that existing roof enclosure structures all require on-site wet construction and have low prefabrication levels in insulation and drainage structures, making it difficult to meet the requirements of prefabricated buildings for construction efficiency and durability.

[0008] The preferred technical solutions among the many technical solutions provided by this invention can produce a variety of technical effects, which are described in detail below.

[0009] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a prefabricated construction process for roofing projects, including: S1, waterproofing construction: after the roof structure slab is poured, the base layer of the roof is cleaned, and rounded corners are applied at the inside and outside corners, and a waterproof layer is constructed. S2. Waterproofing and protection construction: Lay an isolation layer on the waterproof layer and construct a waterproof protection layer with a drainage slope. At the same time, complete the flashing structure of the parapet wall and the forming of the roof pipe piers to form a continuous and complete waterproof protection base surface on the roof base. S3. Roof central thermal insulation finish assembly: The thermal insulation finish unit is directly pasted and fixed onto the waterproof protective layer, and laid out according to the pre-detailed layout path, so that the thermal insulation layer and the finish layer integrated by the thermal insulation finish unit are installed in one assembly. S4. Roof perimeter drainage component assembly: The prefabricated drainage channel is pasted onto the waterproof protective layer and continuously spliced ​​with the side of the thermal insulation finishing unit to form a drainage path at the low point of the waterproof protective layer and the drainage line position, so as to collect the rainwater poured down by the thermal insulation finishing unit. S5. Graded filling of joints: In the joints between the thermal insulation finishing units, between the thermal insulation finishing unit and the drainage outer channel, and between the thermal insulation finishing unit and the flashing structure, foamed thermal insulation material and weather-resistant sealing material are filled from bottom to top to form a double-layer joint that combines thermal insulation continuity and waterproof sealing. S6. Drainage slope assembly: Insert multiple plates of gradually decreasing height to form a drainage slope in the outer drainage channel along the drainage path, and lay inner channel plates on the multiple plates to form a drainage ditch with adjustable slope. S7. Drainage system forming: The end of the drainage ditch is sealed to connect with the roof drain outlet to form a prefabricated roof drainage system.

[0010] In one of the methods, in S1, the waterproof layer includes at least one waterproof coating and a waterproof membrane layer applied sequentially; after the waterproof layer is formed on the roof base layer, the drain outlet is temporarily sealed, and water is released to submerge the waterproof layer to a depth of at least 5 cm for a 24-hour water storage test. After checking for no leakage and determining that the water storage test is qualified, the next process is initiated.

[0011] In one of the methods, in S3, the thermal insulation finishing unit is a prefabricated assembly component manufactured in a factory. The thermal insulation structure and finishing structure of the thermal insulation finishing unit are prefabricated as a whole before being pasted and installed on the roof, so as to realize the prefabricated thermal insulation and waterproof construction that forms the insulation layer without on-site wet work during the roof construction.

[0012] In one embodiment, in S3 and S4, the thermal insulation finishing unit is adhered to the waterproof protective layer at the center of the roof and the drainage channel is adhered to the waterproof protective layer at the periphery of the roof using an elastic adhesive material; the elastic adhesive material is a neutral silicone structural adhesive or an equivalent elastic structural adhesive, so that a flexible connection capable of buffering displacement is formed between the thermal insulation finishing unit and the drainage channel and the waterproof protective layer.

[0013] In one embodiment, in step S5, the insulation material being filled is polyurethane foam, and the filling height is level with the insulation layer height of the insulation finishing unit to ensure the continuity of the insulation layer on the roof at the joint position.

[0014] In one embodiment, in S5, the weather-resistant sealant is a neutral silicone weather-resistant adhesive, and the filling height corresponds to the thickness of the finish layer of the thermal insulation finishing unit, so as to form a continuous waterproof sealant on the surface of the roof.

[0015] In one approach, in S6, by replacing the insert plates of various heights within the outer drainage channel and correspondingly laying the inner channel plates on the insert plates, the drainage ditch forms the required drainage slope on the surface of the multiple consecutively laid inner channel plates without changing the installation elevation of the outer drainage channel.

[0016] In one approach, before S3 and S4, the layout lines and positioning lines for the thermal insulation finishing unit and the drainage component laid on the waterproof protective layer are determined according to the detailed engineering design drawings of the roof. During the construction process of S3 and S4, the components are positioned and assembled according to the layout lines and positioning lines.

[0017] In one approach, when the roof experiences localized leakage and requires repair, the prefabricated thermal insulation finishing unit and drainage component corresponding to the leaking area are removed. After the waterproof layer, the isolation layer, and the waterproof protective layer are repaired, the thermal insulation finishing unit and drainage component are then reassembled in situ using adhesive. This allows for the repair of localized leakage without completely dismantling the roof's waterproofing and insulation structure.

[0018] In one approach, the prefabricated construction process for roofing works is applicable to inverted roof structures, and the insulation and finishing process formed by wet construction above the waterproof layer is transformed into a prefabricated installation process of pasting prefabricated insulation finishing units and drainage channels, so as to improve the construction efficiency and durability of the waterproof and insulation structure of the roof.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) Significantly reduce wet work in roof construction and improve construction efficiency. This technical solution combines the roof insulation layer with the finishing layer after completing the waterproof layer, isolation layer, and waterproof protective layer, and installs them in prefabricated thermal insulation finishing units. This transforms the traditional on-site wet construction process of roof waterproofing and insulation layers into a prefabricated construction process, thereby reducing wet work steps such as concrete pouring and mortar laying. The construction process is simplified, less affected by weather conditions, and significantly improves the construction efficiency of roofing projects.

[0020] (2) Achieve integrated assembly of roof insulation and finishing to improve system stability. By integrating the insulation layer and the finishing layer into a prefabricated insulation finishing unit and assembling them in one go in the central area of ​​the roof, the roof insulation structure and the finishing structure form a stable whole. This avoids the performance degradation caused by construction errors, material aging, or gaps between layers in traditional layered construction, and helps to improve the long-term thermal insulation performance and reliability of the roof envelope.

[0021] (3) Improve the prefabrication level of drainage structures and enhance the adaptability of drainage systems. This technical solution involves installing an external drainage channel on the waterproof protective layer, and forming an adjustable-slope drainage ditch structure inside the drainage channel by combining insert plates and inner channel plates. This allows the drainage slope to be achieved without relying on secondary slope finding or cast-in-place molding, thereby improving the prefabrication level of the drainage structure and enhancing the adaptability of the drainage system to different roof conditions.

[0022] (4) Form a synergistic protective structure for thermal insulation and waterproofing at the joints. At the joints between the thermal insulation finishing unit and the drainage components and flashing, a graded filling method of foamed insulation material and weather-resistant sealing material is adopted from bottom to top. This ensures that the joint area maintains the continuity of the insulation layer and forms a reliable waterproof sealing structure, effectively reducing the risk of thermal bridging and leakage at the roof joints.

[0023] (5) It facilitates later roof maintenance and reduces maintenance costs. When localized leaks occur on the roof, the prefabricated thermal insulation finishing units and drainage components in the corresponding area can be removed to complete the local repair of the waterproof layer and waterproof protective layer before reassembling them in situ. This eliminates the need to completely demolish the roof structure, thereby significantly reducing the workload and maintenance costs of roof leak repairs and improving the maintainability of the building roof.

[0024] (6) Improve the assembly efficiency and durability of the roof structure of prefabricated buildings. By transforming the roof structure above the waterproof layer from traditional wet construction to a prefabricated construction method mainly based on the bonding of precast components, this technical solution can effectively improve the construction efficiency and structural durability of roof projects, which is conducive to meeting the requirements of standardization, assembly and long-term performance of prefabricated buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of the prefabricated construction process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] This specific implementation provides a prefabricated construction process for roofing projects. The prefabricated construction process includes sequentially constructing waterproofing structures and waterproofing protection after the roof structural panels are completed; prefabricated thermal insulation finishing units are attached to the waterproofing protective layer in a prefabricated manner, completing the integrated installation of thermal insulation and finishing in the central area of ​​the roof; drainage channels are prefabricated and attached to the perimeter of the roof, forming adjustable-slope drainage ditches through built-in inserts and inner channel plates; foamed insulation materials and weather-resistant sealing materials are used to fill the joints between the thermal insulation finishing units and drainage components in a graded manner, forming a joint structure that combines thermal insulation and waterproofing performance; the ends of the drainage ditches are connected and sealed to the roof's drain outlets to form a prefabricated roof drainage system. This process reduces on-site wet work, improves construction efficiency, and enhances the durability of the roof's waterproofing, insulation, and drainage systems. It is suitable for prefabricated building roofing projects and effectively solves the technical problems that existing roof enclosure structures all require on-site wet work, and the low degree of prefabrication of insulation and drainage structures makes it difficult to meet the construction efficiency and durability requirements of prefabricated buildings.

[0029] The first implementation of prefabricated construction technology, for example Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are carried out in sequence from S1 to S6: S1, Waterproofing construction: After the roof structure slab is poured, clean the base layer of the roof, and apply rounded corners and waterproofing layer at the inside and outside corners. S2. Waterproofing and protection construction: Lay an isolation layer on the waterproof layer and construct a waterproof protection layer with a drainage slope. At the same time, complete the flashing construction of the parapet wall and the forming of the roof pipe piers to form a continuous and complete waterproof protection base surface on the roof base. S3. Roof central thermal insulation finish assembly: The prefabricated thermal insulation finish unit is directly pasted and fixed onto the waterproof protective layer, and laid out according to the pre-detailed layout path, so that the thermal insulation layer and the finish layer integrated by the thermal insulation finish unit are installed in one assembly. S4. Roof perimeter drainage component assembly: The prefabricated drainage channel is pasted onto the waterproof protective layer and continuously spliced ​​with the side of the thermal insulation finishing unit to form a drainage path at the lowest point of the waterproof protective layer and the location of the drainage line, so as to collect the rainwater poured down by the thermal insulation finishing unit. S5. Graded filling of joints: In the joints between thermal insulation finishing units, between thermal insulation finishing units and drainage channels, and between thermal insulation finishing units and flashing structures, foamed insulation material and weather-resistant sealing material are filled from bottom to top to form a double-layer filling that combines thermal insulation continuity and waterproof sealing. S6. Drainage slope assembly: Insert multiple plates of gradually decreasing height along the drainage path in the outer drainage channel to form a drainage slope, and lay inner channel plates on the multiple plates to form a drainage ditch with adjustable slope. S7. Drainage system forming: The sealing treatment is completed at the end of the drainage ditch and the roof drain outlet to form a prefabricated roof drainage system.

[0030] When a localized leak occurs on the roof and requires repair, the prefabricated thermal insulation unit and drainage components corresponding to the leaking area are removed. After the waterproof layer, isolation layer, and waterproof protective layer are repaired, the thermal insulation unit and drainage components are then reassembled in situ using adhesive. This allows for the repair of the localized leak without completely destroying the roof's waterproofing and insulation structure.

[0031] Specifically, compared with existing roof construction processes that require extensive on-site wet work and have a low degree of prefabrication of drainage structures, the prefabricated construction process provided by this technical solution has several technical advantages: it significantly reduces wet work in roof construction and improves construction efficiency; this technical solution combines the roof insulation layer with the finishing layer after completing the waterproof layer, isolation layer and waterproof protective layer, and installs them in the form of prefabricated heat-insulating finishing units. This transforms the traditional on-site wet work process for roof waterproofing and insulation layers into a prefabricated construction process, thereby reducing wet work links such as concrete pouring and mortar laying. The construction process is simplified, less affected by weather conditions, and significantly improves the construction efficiency of roof projects.

[0032] This system achieves integrated assembly of roof insulation and finishing, improving system stability. By integrating the insulation layer and finishing layer into prefabricated insulation and finishing units and assembling them in one go in the central area of ​​the roof, the roof insulation structure and finishing structure form a stable whole. This avoids performance degradation caused by construction errors, material aging, or gaps between layers in traditional layered construction, and helps improve the long-term insulation performance and reliability of the roof envelope.

[0033] This technical solution improves the prefabrication level of drainage structures and enhances the adaptability of drainage systems. It involves installing drainage outer channels on the waterproof protective layer and forming an adjustable slope drainage ditch structure inside the drainage outer channel by combining insert plates and inner channel plates. This allows the drainage slope to be achieved without relying on secondary slope finding or cast-in-place molding, thereby improving the prefabrication level of drainage structures and enhancing the adaptability of drainage systems to different roof conditions.

[0034] A synergistic structure for insulation and waterproofing is formed at the joints. At the joints between the thermal insulation finishing unit and the drainage components and flashing, a graded filling method of foamed insulation material and weather-resistant sealing material is adopted from bottom to top. This ensures that the joint area maintains the continuity of the insulation layer and forms a reliable waterproof sealing structure, effectively reducing the risk of thermal bridging and leakage at the roof joints.

[0035] It facilitates later roof repairs and reduces maintenance costs. When localized leaks occur on the roof, the prefabricated thermal insulation finishing units and drainage components in the corresponding area can be removed to complete the local repair of the waterproof layer and waterproof protective layer before reassembly in situ. This eliminates the need to completely demolish the roof structure, thereby significantly reducing the workload and maintenance costs of roof leak repairs and improving the maintainability of the building roof.

[0036] This technical solution improves the assembly efficiency and durability of roof structures in prefabricated buildings. By transforming the traditional wet construction of the roof structure above the waterproof layer into a prefabricated construction method based on the bonding of precast components, this solution can effectively improve the construction efficiency and structural durability of roof projects, which is conducive to meeting the requirements of standardization, assembly, and long-term performance of prefabricated buildings.

[0037] As one alternative implementation method: When constructing the waterproof protective layer, the highest and lowest elevation points of the roof slope must be determined first to ensure that the thinnest part of the waterproof protective layer is not less than 40mm. C25 fine stone concrete should be laid in the direction of drainage according to the design slope. The fine stone concrete of the waterproof protective layer should be reinforced with steel mesh, and the steel mesh must be broken after a certain length is laid. The mesh should be divided into sections at 3-meter intervals, with the joint width controlled at 20mm and the joint depth being 1 / 3 of the thickness of the waterproof protective layer.

[0038] The flashing of the parapet wall shall be constructed with fine aggregate concrete, and the inner vertical height of the flashing shall be 300mm higher than the waterproof protective layer; the flashing of pipes extending from the roof shall be constructed with fine aggregate concrete pipe supports, and the outer vertical height of the pipe supports shall be 300mm higher than the waterproof protective layer.

[0039] The joint width between thermal insulation finishing units, between thermal insulation finishing units and drainage channels, and between thermal insulation finishing units and flashing structures shall be controlled to be 20mm.

[0040] Regarding the specific setup of the waterproof layer in step S1 above, in S1, the waterproof layer includes at least one waterproof coating and a waterproof membrane layer applied sequentially. After the waterproof layer is formed on the roof base, the drainage outlet is temporarily sealed, and water is released to submerge the waterproof layer to a depth of at least 5 cm for a 24-hour water storage test. After checking for any leakage and determining that the water storage test is qualified, the next process can begin.

[0041] In application, after the roof structural slab is poured, a waterproof coating and a waterproof membrane layer are applied sequentially, forming a composite waterproof structure of "coating sealing + membrane coverage". The waterproof coating continuously covers and self-heals cracks, pores, and corners of the base layer, while the waterproof membrane layer forms a stable waterproof barrier for the entire roof. After the waterproof layer is completed, the drainage outlets are temporarily sealed and a water retention test is conducted for no less than 24 hours. This ensures the reliability of the waterproof layer before the prefabricated construction begins, avoiding rework and repairs after the installation of the insulation finishing units and drainage components. This ensures the smooth implementation of the prefabricated construction process for the roof project based on reliable waterproofing and effectively reduces the risk of roof leakage.

[0042] In other implementations, the material type, thickness, or number of coats of the waterproof coating and waterproof membrane layer can be adjusted according to the roof grade and service life requirements, and the water depth and time for water storage testing can also be flexibly set according to specifications or engineering conditions.

[0043] Regarding the specific structure of the thermal insulation finishing unit in step S3 above, in S3, the thermal insulation finishing unit is a prefabricated assembly component in the factory. The thermal insulation structure and finishing structure of the thermal insulation finishing unit are formed as a whole before being pasted and installed on the roof, so as to realize the prefabricated thermal insulation and waterproof construction that forms the insulation layer without on-site wet work during roof construction.

[0044] When applied, prefabricated insulation and finishing units are used in the factory to integrate the traditionally separate insulation and finishing layers into a whole component before installation. This allows the insulation and finishing structures to be quality controlled and dimensionally formed under factory conditions. During roof construction, the insulation and finishing units only need to be pasted onto the waterproof protective layer to complete the insulation and finishing functions. This avoids wet operations such as on-site pouring, plastering, or tiling, significantly shortens the construction cycle, and reduces quality fluctuations caused by unstable on-site construction conditions. It also solves the problems of low construction efficiency and easy damage to the insulation layer in existing roof cladding structures.

[0045] The dimensions, material types, and insulation structure of the thermal insulation finishing unit can be modularly designed according to the building's appearance and energy-saving design requirements to adapt to different types of roofing projects.

[0046] Regarding the specific connecting materials used in the bonding and assembly of the thermal insulation finishing unit and the drainage channel on the roof in steps S3 and S4 above, in S3 and S4, an elastic adhesive is used to bond the thermal insulation finishing unit to the waterproof protective layer at the center of the roof and the drainage channel to the waterproof protective layer at the perimeter of the roof; the elastic adhesive is a neutral silicone structural adhesive or an equivalent elastic structural adhesive, so as to form a flexible connection between the thermal insulation finishing unit and the drainage channel and the waterproof protective layer that can buffer displacement.

[0047] In application, a flexible adhesive material is used to connect the thermal insulation finishing unit and the drainage channel to the waterproof protective layer, forming a flexible connection interface between the assembled components and the base surface of the roof's waterproof protective layer. This flexible connection can absorb minor displacements caused by temperature changes, structural deformation, or loads, avoiding interface cracking or delamination problems caused by rigid connections. At the same time, the adhesive method does not damage the structure of the waterproof protective layer, which helps maintain the integrity of the waterproof system, thereby improving assembly efficiency while enhancing the long-term durability of the roof structure.

[0048] By selecting adhesive materials with different weather resistance grades or elastic moduli under different environmental conditions, it is possible to adapt to application environments in high-temperature, strong ultraviolet, or humid climate areas.

[0049] Regarding the specific setting of the insulation material in step S5 above, in S5, the insulation material used for filling is polyurethane foam, and the filling height is level with the insulation layer height of the insulation finishing unit to ensure the continuity of the insulation layer on the roof at the joint position.

[0050] When applied, polyurethane foam is filled into the joints between the thermal insulation finishing unit and the drainage channel and flashing structure, so that the joint area forms a continuous insulation structure with the same height as the thermal insulation layer of the thermal insulation finishing unit, thereby avoiding the formation of thermal bridges at the joints. During the filling process, the polyurethane foam can adapt to the shape of the gaps, fill densely, effectively compensate for assembly errors, ensure the continuity and stability of the thermal insulation performance of the overall roof insulation structure, and solve the problem of weakened thermal insulation performance at the joints of traditional roofs.

[0051] In other embodiments, elastic filler materials with similar foam insulation properties can also be selected to meet the needs of different energy-saving levels or construction conditions.

[0052] Regarding the specific setting of the weather-resistant sealing material in step S5 above, in S5, the weather-resistant sealing material is a neutral silicone weather-resistant adhesive, and the filling height corresponds to the thickness of the finishing layer of the thermal insulation finishing unit, so as to form a continuous waterproof sealing strip on the surface of the roof.

[0053] Among them, the filling height of the weather-resistant sealing material, namely neutral silicone weather-resistant sealant, is controlled to be at least 20mm.

[0054] When applying the product, after completing the insulation filling at the bottom of the joint, a neutral silicone weather-resistant sealant is filled onto the surface of the joint to form a continuous waterproof seal. This weather-resistant sealant not only blocks rainwater but also resists deformation caused by ultraviolet aging and temperature changes. Working in synergy with the underlying insulation filling layer, it simultaneously achieves waterproof sealing and structural buffering at the joint, thereby improving the overall waterproof reliability and durability of the roofing system.

[0055] The color and surface texture of weather-resistant sealing materials can be adjusted according to the roof finishing effect to meet the requirements of building appearance.

[0056] Regarding the specific adjustable slope structure and assembly method of the drainage components in step S6 above, in S6, by replacing the insert plates of various heights in the outer drainage channel and laying the inner channel plates on the insert plates accordingly, the drainage ditch forms the required drainage slope on the surface of multiple continuously laid inner channel plates without changing the installation elevation of the outer drainage channel.

[0057] Specifically, the drainage outer channel, insert plate, and inner channel plate are all drainage ditch components made of PVC material; during installation, the joints between the drainage outer channels must be sealed with PVC glue.

[0058] The drain is connected to the roof drain via a floor drain assembly, and the connection is sealed with PVC glue.

[0059] After the drainage ditch is formed by installing the outer drainage channel, insert plate and inner channel plate, the drainage ditch needs to be covered with a prefabricated rainwater grate to seal the drainage ditch.

[0060] When applied, by setting insert plates of various heights inside the outer drainage channel and laying inner channel plates on the insert plates, the drainage slope is formed by the combination of internal components, eliminating the need for secondary slope construction on the outer drainage channel or waterproof protective layer. This method ensures the continuity of the drainage path while improving the assembly flexibility of the drainage structure, allowing the drainage slope to be adjusted according to the actual roof conditions, thus solving the problems of traditional drainage ditches being highly dependent on the slope of the roof base and having difficulty controlling construction precision.

[0061] The height difference of the insert plates and the laying method of the inner groove plates can be customized and optimized according to the roof drainage distance and flow requirements.

[0062] Regarding the method for quickly positioning and assembling the thermal insulation finishing unit and drainage components in steps S3 and S4 above, before S3 and S4, the layout lines and positioning lines for laying the thermal insulation finishing unit and drainage components on the waterproof protective layer are determined according to the detailed engineering design drawings of the roof. During the construction process of S3 and S4, the positioning and assembly are carried out according to the layout lines and positioning lines.

[0063] When applying this technology, by completing the detailed design of the roof project before construction and pre-marking the layout and positioning lines of the thermal insulation finishing units and drainage components on the waterproof protective layer, the assembly and construction process has a clear positioning basis. This reduces repeated adjustments and error accumulation during assembly, improves the accuracy of component installation and construction efficiency, ensures the standardization and aesthetics of the overall layout of the prefabricated roof system, and enhances the reliability of waterproof performance.

[0064] The positioning lines can be marked using methods such as line laying, laser projection, or digital assisted positioning to adapt to different construction conditions.

[0065] The second embodiment of the prefabricated construction process differs from the first embodiment in that the prefabricated construction process for roofing projects is applicable to inverted roof structures. It transforms the insulation and finishing processes, which are formed by wet construction above the waterproof layer, into prefabricated installation processes of pasting prefabricated insulation finishing units and drainage channels, thereby improving the construction efficiency and durability of the roof's waterproofing and insulation structures.

[0066] When applied to inverted roof structures, this prefabricated construction process transforms the insulation and finishing layers, which were originally constructed through wet work above the waterproof layer, into a prefabricated installation process involving the bonding of precast thermal insulation finishing units and drainage channels. This simplifies the roof structure and makes the construction process more controllable. While ensuring the waterproof safety of the inverted roof, it improves construction efficiency and structural durability. It is particularly suitable for prefabricated building roof projects with high requirements for construction period and subsequent maintenance.

[0067] The prefabricated construction process for this roofing project can be adapted and adjusted according to different roof structure forms, and is not limited to inverted roofs.

[0068] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described.

Claims

1. A prefabricated construction process for roofing projects, characterized in that, Including S1, waterproof construction: After the roof structure slab is poured, clean the base layer of the roof, and apply rounded corners and waterproof layer at the inside and outside corners; S2. Waterproofing and protection construction: Lay an isolation layer on the waterproof layer and construct a waterproof protection layer with a drainage slope. At the same time, complete the flashing structure of the parapet wall and the forming of the roof pipe piers to form a continuous and complete waterproof protection base surface on the roof base. S3. Roof central thermal insulation finish assembly: The thermal insulation finish unit is directly pasted and fixed onto the waterproof protective layer, and laid out according to the pre-detailed layout path, so that the thermal insulation layer and the finish layer integrated by the thermal insulation finish unit are installed in one assembly. S4. Roof perimeter drainage component assembly: The prefabricated drainage channel is pasted onto the waterproof protective layer and continuously spliced ​​with the side of the thermal insulation finishing unit to form a drainage path at the low point of the waterproof protective layer and the drainage line position, so as to collect the rainwater poured down by the thermal insulation finishing unit. S5. Graded filling of joints: In the joints between the thermal insulation finishing units, between the thermal insulation finishing unit and the drainage outer channel, and between the thermal insulation finishing unit and the flashing structure, foamed thermal insulation material and weather-resistant sealing material are filled from bottom to top to form a double-layer joint that combines thermal insulation continuity and waterproof sealing. S6. Drainage slope assembly: Insert multiple plates of gradually decreasing height to form a drainage slope in the outer drainage channel along the drainage path, and lay inner channel plates on the multiple plates to form a drainage ditch with adjustable slope. S7. Drainage system forming: The end of the drainage ditch is sealed to the roof drain outlet to form a prefabricated roof drainage system.

2. The prefabricated construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the waterproof layer includes at least one waterproof coating layer and a waterproof membrane layer applied sequentially. After the waterproof layer is formed on the roof base layer, the drainage outlet is temporarily sealed, and water is released to submerge the waterproof layer to a depth of at least 5 cm for a 24-hour water storage test. After checking for any leakage and determining that the water storage test is qualified, the process proceeds to the next step.

3. The prefabricated construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the thermal insulation finishing unit is a prefabricated assembly component manufactured in the factory. The thermal insulation structure and finishing structure of the thermal insulation finishing unit are formed as a whole before being pasted and installed on the roof, so as to realize the prefabricated thermal insulation and waterproof construction that forms the insulation layer without on-site wet work during the roof construction.

4. The prefabricated construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3 and S4, the heat insulation finishing unit is attached to the waterproof protective layer at the center of the roof and the drainage channel is attached to the waterproof protective layer at the perimeter of the roof using an elastic adhesive material. The elastic adhesive material is a neutral silicone structural adhesive or an equivalent elastic structural adhesive, so that a flexible connection that can buffer displacement is formed between the heat insulation finishing unit, the drainage outer groove and the waterproof protective layer.

5. The prefabricated construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S5, the insulation material used for filling is polyurethane foam, and the filling height is the same as the height of the insulation layer of the insulation finishing unit to ensure the continuity of the insulation layer on the roof at the joint position.

6. The prefabricated construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S5, the weather-resistant sealing material is a neutral silicone weather-resistant adhesive, and the filling height corresponds to the thickness of the finish layer of the thermal insulation finishing unit, so as to form a continuous waterproof sealing strip on the surface of the roof.

7. The prefabricated construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S6, by replacing the insert plates of various heights in the outer drainage channel and correspondingly laying the inner channel plates on the insert plates, the drainage ditch forms the required drainage slope on the surface of multiple continuously laid inner channel plates without changing the installation elevation of the outer drainage channel.

8. The prefabricated construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before S3 and S4, the layout lines and positioning lines for laying the thermal insulation finishing unit and the drainage component on the waterproof protective layer are determined according to the detailed engineering design drawings of the roof. During the construction of S3 and S4, the components are positioned and assembled according to the layout lines and positioning lines.

9. The prefabricated construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the roof experiences localized leakage and requires repair, the prefabricated thermal insulation finishing unit and drainage component corresponding to the leaking area are removed. After the waterproof layer, the isolation layer, and the waterproof protective layer are repaired, the thermal insulation finishing unit and drainage component are then reassembled in situ using adhesive. This allows for the repair of localized leakage without completely dismantling the roof's waterproofing and insulation structure.

10. The prefabricated construction process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prefabricated construction process for roofing projects is applicable to inverted roof structures. It transforms the insulation and finishing processes, which are formed by wet construction above the waterproof layer, into a prefabricated installation process of pasting prefabricated insulation finishing units and drainage channels, thereby improving the construction efficiency and durability of the roof's waterproofing and insulation structure.

Images