Downward mining filling body bottom plate vertical displacement in-situ monitoring device and method

Abstract

According to the in-situ monitoring device and method for the vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the downward mining filling body, a laser range finder, a monitoring barrel and a data processor are all located outside a goaf to be filled, the size of each device does not need to be considered during monitoring, and the devices are not affected during filling; the monitoring barrel and the elastic hose are combined, a part of a pipe body of the elastic hose is arranged in a bottom plate of a goaf to be filled, and pressure transmitters are arranged at different depth positions of the part of the pipe body respectively; before filling, the relative position between each pressure transmitter and a reference plane is obtained by collecting data; then filling work is carried out until the end, and data are collected again to obtain the relative position between each pressure transmitter and the reference plane; and the vertical displacement change of each pressure transmitter before and after filling can be obtained by calculating the difference between the relative positions of the pressure transmitters before and after filling, so that the vertical displacement change condition of a filling body bottom plate in the downward mining process can be accurately obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mining engineering technology, specifically a device and method for in-situ monitoring of vertical displacement of the bottom plate of a downward mining backfill body. Background Technology

[0002] Displacement monitoring of backfill in underground goaf areas of metal mines is a crucial technique for assessing the stability of backfill. While equipment such as laser rangefinders can monitor the vertical displacement of the backfill floor during downward mining within the goaf, this monitoring requires ore extraction from the lower mining area to create space for laser rangefinder installation. This method significantly lags behind the initial exposure of the backfill floor after blasting in the stope, failing to effectively characterize the impact of the mining process on the stability of the backfill. Furthermore, laser rangefinders rely on the backfill floor remaining intact during monitoring and must be installed inside the production stope. This poses a risk of damage from falling debris and can interfere with the stope recovery process. Therefore, it is necessary to install displacement monitoring devices inside the backfill, enabling monitoring to begin immediately upon blasting in the lower stope.

[0003] Currently, fiber optic gratings are also used to analyze the strain evolution of filling bodies and estimate their displacement. However, this method measures the relative displacement within the filling body and makes it difficult to obtain the absolute vertical displacement during the deformation of the filling body's base plate. Furthermore, the deployment of fiber optic grating sensors requires highly skilled personnel, and in dangerous goaf areas, it is difficult to quickly deploy them using unmanned control devices, thus failing to fully realize the value of the sensors.

[0004] Therefore, the research direction of this invention is to provide a new device and method for monitoring the vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the backfill body, which can be deployed without personnel entering the goaf area and can be operated unmanned. The device and method can monitor the vertical displacement of the bottom plate from the beginning of blasting in the lower mining area, thereby accurately obtaining the vertical displacement changes of the bottom plate of the backfill body during the downward mining process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an in-situ monitoring device and method for vertical displacement of the bottom plate of a downward mining backfill body, which can effectively solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an in-situ monitoring device for vertical displacement of the bottom plate of a downward mining backfill body, comprising a laser rangefinder, a monitoring bucket, an elastic hose, and a data processor.

[0007] The monitoring barrel is placed outside the goaf to be filled. It includes a barrel body and a barrel cover. The barrel cover is detachably installed on the upper part of the barrel body to seal the opening at the upper part of the barrel body. The barrel body contains monitoring liquid. A laser rangefinder is installed on the upper part of the barrel body to measure the liquid level of the monitoring liquid in the barrel body.

[0008] The lower part of the barrel has a through hole. One end of the elastic hose is sealed to the through hole and the other end is blocked. The elastic hose is filled with monitoring liquid. A part of the elastic hose is laid in the bottom plate of the goaf to be filled. Pressure transmitters are installed at different positions of this part of the hose to monitor the liquid pressure at different positions.

[0009] The data processor is placed outside the goaf to be filled and is connected to the laser rangefinder and each pressure transmitter. It is used to receive the monitoring data fed back by the laser rangefinder and each pressure transmitter. Initially, the monitoring data is acquired once and analyzed to determine the initial depth of each pressure transmitter in the bottom plate. After the filling is completed, the monitoring data is acquired again and analyzed to determine the post-filling depth of each pressure transmitter in the bottom plate. This enables in-situ monitoring of the vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the filling body from the start to the end of filling.

[0010] Furthermore, the flexible hose is a corrugated metal hose. Other materials can also be used, but corrugated metal hoses are preferred because they not only have good deformation characteristics, allowing them to elongate with the vertical displacement of the base plate, but also have good compressive strength, thus ensuring the stability of the monitoring process.

[0011] Furthermore, the monitoring liquid is water. Other liquids may also be used, but water is preferred because it is readily available and will not cause environmental pollution to the filling area should the monitoring device leak.

[0012] Furthermore, the total length of the flexible hose is determined based on the length of the base plate to be measured. This length ensures that the flexible hose can cover the required measurement range.

[0013] Furthermore, the number and spacing of the pressure transmitters are determined based on the total length of the flexible hose and the monitoring requirements. For example, if higher accuracy is required for monitoring the vertical displacement of the base plate, the number of force transmitters can be increased and the spacing reduced. This allows for the acquisition of more vertical displacement data before and after filling at different depths after subsequent processing.

[0014] Furthermore, one end of the flexible hose is fixed to the barrel body by a clamp, and this end is sealed to the through hole with sealant. This ensures the stability and sealing of the connection between the flexible hose and the barrel body.

[0015] Furthermore, the laser rangefinder has an accuracy of no less than ±0.1 mm; the pressure transmitter has an accuracy of no less than ±1 Pa. These parameters ensure the accuracy of the measurement data, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent vertical displacement calculations.

[0016] The monitoring method of the above-mentioned in-situ monitoring device for vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the down-mining backfill includes the following steps: Step 1: Deploy the monitoring device. Place the monitoring bucket and data processor outside the goaf to be filled, and determine the total length of the flexible hose according to the length of the bottom plate of the filling body to be measured. Then determine the number of pressure transmitters and the spacing between them on the flexible hose. After determining the length, assemble the monitoring device and lay part of the flexible hose inside the bottom plate of the filling body. After completion, inject monitoring liquid into the monitoring bucket until the entire flexible hose is filled and a certain height of liquid level is left in the bucket.

[0017] Step 2: Data collection during unfilled operation: When unfilled, the laser rangefinder obtains the current liquid level in the tank, and each pressure transmitter measures the liquid pressure at its respective depth in the flexible hose.

[0018] Step 3: Determine the relative position of each pressure transmitter when it is not filled: Using the plane where the initial liquid level in the tank is located as the reference plane, the data processor calculates the relative position of each pressure transmitter to the reference plane when it is not filled, based on Bernoulli's principle and the principle of communicating vessels, combined with the data obtained in Step 2.

[0019] Step 4: Data acquisition after filling: After filling, the laser rangefinder obtains the current liquid level in the tank, and each pressure transmitter measures the liquid pressure at its respective depth in the flexible hose.

[0020] Step 5: Determine the relative positions of each pressure transmitter after filling: Using the plane where the initial liquid level in the tank is located as the reference plane, the data processor calculates the relative positions of each pressure transmitter after filling to the reference plane based on Bernoulli's principle and the principle of communicating vessels, combined with the data obtained in Step 4.

[0021] Step 6: Vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the filling body before and after filling: Subtract the relative position obtained by each pressure transmitter in Step 5 from the relative position obtained in Step 3 to obtain the vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the filling body at different depths before and after filling.

[0022] Compared with existing technologies, this invention combines a laser rangefinder, a monitoring tank, a flexible hose, and a data processor. All three components—the laser rangefinder, the monitoring tank, and the data processor—are located outside the goaf to be filled. This eliminates the need to consider the size of each device during monitoring and prevents any impact on the equipment during filling. The monitoring tank and flexible hose are connected, with the flexible hose filled with monitoring liquid. A portion of the flexible hose is installed within the bottom plate of the goaf to be filled, and pressure transmitters are installed at different depths within this portion. Before filling, the liquid level in the tank is used as a reference plane, and the liquid pressure at different depths is obtained through the pressure transmitters. Then, Bernoulli's principle and the principle of communicating vessels are used to determine the pressure at each pressure transmitter relative to the reference plane. The relative positions between the reference planes are determined; then the filling work is carried out until completion. During the filling process, the bottom plate of the filling body deforms under stress before and after filling, and the elastic hose has the ability to elongate and deform. When the bottom plate is displaced vertically, the elastic hose deforms and elongates or shortens synchronously, which will cause changes in the liquid level in the tank. Also, because the elastic hose elongates, the position of each pressure transmitter will change. Therefore, after the filling is completed, the data is collected again, and the relative positions of each pressure transmitter with respect to the reference plane are obtained again using Bernoulli's principle and the principle of communicating vessels. The difference between the relative positions of each pressure transmitter before and after filling can be used to obtain the vertical displacement change of each pressure transmitter before and after filling, thereby accurately obtaining the vertical displacement change of the bottom plate of the filling body during the downward mining process. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1-bucket lid, 2-laser rangefinder, 3-bucket body, 4-pressure transmitter one, 5-pressure transmitter two, 6-pressure transmitter three, 7-metal corrugated hose, 8-data cable, 9-data processor. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below.

[0027] Example: An underground goaf in a mine needs to be backfilled. To determine the stability of the backfill, the method of this invention is used to monitor the vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the backfill before and after backfilling. In this example, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the in-situ monitoring device for the vertical displacement of the filling body base plate includes a laser rangefinder 2, a monitoring bucket, an elastic hose, and a data processor 9; the elastic hose is a metal corrugated hose 7; the total length of the metal corrugated hose 7 is determined according to the length of the base plate to be measured.

[0028] The monitoring barrel is placed outside the goaf to be filled. It includes a barrel body 3 and a barrel cover 1. The barrel cover 1 is detachably installed on the upper part of the barrel body 3 to seal the opening at the upper part of the barrel body 3. The barrel body 3 contains the monitoring liquid. The laser rangefinder 2 is installed on the upper part of the barrel body 3 to measure the liquid level of the monitoring liquid in the barrel body 3.

[0029] A through hole is opened at the bottom of the barrel body 3. One end of the metal corrugated hose 7 is fixed to the barrel body 3 by a clamp, and this end is sealed to the through hole with sealant. The other end is blocked, so that the inside of the metal corrugated hose 7 is filled with monitoring liquid. A part of the metal corrugated hose 7 is laid in the bottom plate of the goaf to be filled, and three pressure transmitters are installed at different positions of this part of the hose, namely pressure transmitter 1 4, pressure transmitter 2 5 and pressure transmitter 3 6, to monitor the liquid pressure at different positions; the monitoring liquid is water.

[0030] The data processor 9 is placed outside the goaf to be filled. It is connected to the laser rangefinder 2 and each pressure transmitter via data cable 8. It is used to receive monitoring data fed back by the laser rangefinder 2 and each pressure transmitter. Initially, the monitoring data is acquired once and analyzed to determine the initial depth of each pressure transmitter in the bottom plate. After filling is completed, the monitoring data is acquired again and analyzed to determine the post-filling depth of each pressure transmitter in the bottom plate. This enables in-situ monitoring of the vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the filling body from the start to the end of filling.

[0031] The laser rangefinder 2 has an accuracy of no less than ±0.1 mm; the pressure transmitter has an accuracy of no less than ±1 Pa. These parameters ensure the accuracy of the measurement data, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent vertical displacement calculations.

[0032] The monitoring method of the above-mentioned in-situ monitoring device for vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the down-mining backfill includes the following steps: Step 1: Deploy monitoring devices: such as Figure 2 As shown, the monitoring bucket and data processor 9 are placed outside the goaf to be filled, the monitoring device is assembled, and part of the flexible hose is laid into the bottom plate of the filling body. After completion, water is injected into the monitoring bucket until the entire metal corrugated hose 7 is filled, and a certain height of liquid level is left in the bucket body 3.

[0033] Step 2: Data Acquisition During Unfilled Period: When unfilled (t=0), laser rangefinder 2 acquires the current liquid level in the tank, denoted as h1; and pressure transmitters one to three measure the liquid pressure at their respective depths within the corrugated metal hose 7, denoted as P. 1-0 P 2-0 P 3-0 .

[0034] Step 3: Determine the relative positions of each pressure transmitter before filling: Using the plane where the initial liquid level in the tank is located as the reference plane, data processor 9, based on Bernoulli's principle and the principle of communicating vessels, combined with the data obtained in Step 2, knows that the density of water is... The acceleration due to gravity is The calculated height differences between the positions of pressure transmitters one to three and the reference plane when they are not filled are as follows: , , .

[0035] Step 4: Post-filling monitoring data collection: After filling, the ore body below the filling body is mined, and the time is recorded as t=m. The laser rangefinder 2 obtains the current liquid level height in the bucket and records it as h. m Furthermore, pressure transmitters one through three respectively measure the liquid pressure at their respective depths within the corrugated metal hose 7, and record it as P. 1-m P 2-m P 3-m .

[0036] Step 5: Determine the relative positions of each pressure transmitter after filling: Using the plane where the initial liquid level in the tank is located as the reference plane, the data processor 9, based on Bernoulli's principle and the principle of communicating vessels, and combined with the data obtained in Step 4, calculates the height differences between the positions of transmitters one to three after filling and the reference plane as follows: , , .

[0037] Step Six: Vertical Displacement of the Filler Base Plate Before and After Filling: Subtract the height difference (relative position) obtained in Step Five from the height difference (relative position) obtained in Step Three for each pressure transmitter to obtain the vertical displacement of the filler base plate at each of the three pressure transmitter positions: , , That is, to obtain the vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the mine filling body at different depths before and after filling.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An in-situ monitoring device for vertical displacement of the bottom plate of a downwardly mined backfill body, characterized in that, Includes laser rangefinder, monitoring bucket, flexible hose and data processor; The monitoring barrel is placed outside the goaf to be filled. It includes a barrel body and a barrel cover. The barrel cover is detachably installed on the upper part of the barrel body to seal the opening at the upper part of the barrel body. The barrel body contains monitoring liquid. A laser rangefinder is installed on the upper part of the barrel body to measure the liquid level of the monitoring liquid in the barrel body. The lower part of the barrel has a through hole. One end of the elastic hose is sealed to the through hole and the other end is blocked. The elastic hose is filled with monitoring liquid. A part of the elastic hose is laid in the bottom plate of the goaf to be filled. Pressure transmitters are installed at different positions of this part of the hose to monitor the liquid pressure at different positions. The data processor is placed outside the goaf to be filled and is connected to the laser rangefinder and each pressure transmitter. It is used to receive the monitoring data fed back by the laser rangefinder and each pressure transmitter. Initially, the monitoring data is acquired once and analyzed to determine the initial depth of each pressure transmitter in the bottom plate. After the filling is completed, the monitoring data is acquired again and analyzed to determine the post-filling depth of each pressure transmitter in the bottom plate. This enables in-situ monitoring of the vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the filling body from the start to the end of filling.

2. The in-situ monitoring device for vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the downward mining backfill body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible hose is a metal corrugated hose.

3. The in-situ monitoring device for vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the downward mining backfill body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring liquid is water.

4. The in-situ monitoring device for vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the downward mining backfill body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total length of the flexible hose is determined based on the length of the base plate to be tested.

5. The in-situ monitoring device for vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the downward mining backfill body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number and spacing of the pressure transmitters are determined based on the total length of the flexible hose and the monitoring requirements.

6. The in-situ monitoring device for vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the downward mining backfill body according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the flexible hose is fixed to the barrel body by a clamp, and this end is sealed to the through hole with sealant.

7. The in-situ monitoring device for vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the downward mining backfill body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The accuracy of the laser rangefinder is not less than ±0.1 mm; the accuracy of the pressure transmitter is not less than ±1 Pa.

8. A monitoring method for the in-situ monitoring device for vertical displacement of the bottom plate of a downwardly mined backfill body according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Deploy the monitoring device: Place the monitoring bucket and data processor outside the goaf to be filled, and determine the total length of the flexible hose according to the length of the bottom plate of the filling body to be measured. Then determine the number of pressure transmitters and the spacing of them on the flexible hose. After determining, assemble the monitoring device and lay part of the flexible hose into the bottom plate of the filling body. After completion, inject monitoring liquid into the monitoring bucket until the entire flexible hose is filled, and leave a certain height of liquid level in the bucket. Step 2, Data Acquisition for Unfilled Containers: When unfilled, the laser rangefinder acquires the current liquid level in the container, and each pressure transmitter measures the liquid pressure at its respective depth within the flexible hose. Step 3: Determine the relative position of each pressure transmitter when it is not filled: Take the plane where the initial liquid level in the tank is located as the reference plane. The data processor calculates the relative position of each pressure transmitter to the reference plane when it is not filled, based on Bernoulli's principle and the principle of communicating vessels, combined with the data obtained in Step 2. Step 4: Data acquisition after filling: After filling, the laser rangefinder obtains the current liquid level in the tank, and each pressure transmitter measures the liquid pressure at its respective depth in the flexible hose. Step 5: Determine the relative positions of each pressure transmitter after filling: Using the plane where the initial liquid level in the tank is located as the reference plane, the data processor calculates the relative positions of each pressure transmitter after filling to the reference plane based on Bernoulli's principle and the principle of communicating vessels, combined with the data obtained in Step 4. Step 6: Vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the filling body before and after filling: Subtract the relative position obtained by each pressure transmitter in Step 5 from the relative position obtained in Step 3 to obtain the vertical displacement of the bottom plate of the filling body at different depths before and after filling.

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