Three-axis integrated optical fiber gyroscope

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-axis integrated optical fiber gyroscope which comprises a light source base assembly and three gauge outfit assemblies, the light source base assembly and the three gauge outfit assemblies are installed on a system body structure, and the light source base assembly and the three gauge outfit assemblies form the complete three-axis integrated optical fiber gyroscope. The light source base assembly and the meter head assembly are connected through a wire harness. The light source base assembly generates light signals, the light signals enter the three gauge outfit assemblies after light splitting operation is completed in the light source base assembly, the light signals are subjected to light splitting, transmission and interference processes in the gauge outfit assemblies to form interference light signals, then the interference light signals are transmitted back to the gauge outfit assemblies, and photoelectric conversion is conducted on the gauge outfit assemblies to obtain electric signals. Through the process design that the box body is processed and matched with the slot position, the bending and abrasion risks of the optical fiber are reduced, the service life of the optical fiber is effectively prolonged, and finally the design targets of low power consumption and low cost of the three-axis integrated gyroscope are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of fiber optic gyroscopes, and in particular to a three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope, belonging to the technical field of fiber optic gyroscopes. Background Technology

[0002] Gyroscopes are core components of various inertial measurement systems, used to sense the angular motion of a carrier relative to inertial space and to measure the carrier's angular displacement and angular velocity.

[0003] Based on their optical path design, fiber optic gyroscopes are divided into single-axis fiber optic gyroscopes and three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscopes. Single-axis gyroscopes can only measure the angular rate along a single axis. To achieve attitude perception in three-dimensional space, multiple single-axis fiber optic gyroscopes need to be used in combination. This not only leads to larger equipment size and increased power consumption, but also makes them prone to measurement errors due to misalignment of the multi-axis mounting reference. As a result, they are not suitable for the miniaturized and low-power application requirements of drones and other similar applications.

[0004] Existing high-precision three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscopes suffer from problems such as excessive temperature performance, rework issues, and poor heat dissipation during production and application. These problems directly lead to a low first-time assembly pass rate for three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscopes, which cannot meet the high reliability and high environmental adaptability requirements of gyroscopes for tasks such as UAVs.

[0005] Therefore, developing a medium-to-high precision three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope structure with good environmental adaptability and high production and assembly efficiency has become the key to solving the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention This application provides a three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope. The four components are structurally independent and connected only by wiring harnesses. The components have a high degree of modularity, achieving high reliability and high applicability of the three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope under conditions of small size and light weight.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is: a three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope, comprising a light source base assembly and three meter head assemblies, which are mounted on the system body structure. The light source base assembly and the three meter head assemblies constitute a complete three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope, and the light source base assembly and the meter head assemblies are connected by a wiring harness. The light source base assembly generates an optical signal, which is then split within the light source base assembly and enters the three meter head assemblies. The optical signal undergoes splitting, transmission, and interference processes within the meter head assemblies to form an interference optical signal. Subsequently, the interference optical signal is transmitted back to the meter head assemblies, where it undergoes photoelectric conversion to obtain an electrical signal.

[0007] The light source base assembly includes a simulation board heat dissipation bracket, a simulation circuit board, and a mounting base assembly; the simulation circuit board is installed inside the base assembly to drive and control the temperature of the light source base assembly. The mounting base assembly includes a housing, a light source, a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, a third beam splitter, a fourth beam splitter, and a fifth beam splitter. The light emitted from the light source passes through the first beam splitter, which has two output terminals: a 30° output terminal and a 70° output terminal. The 70° output terminal serves as the input to the second beam splitter, and the 30° output terminal serves as the input to the third beam splitter. The output terminal of the third beam splitter serves as the light input to the meter assembly. The output terminal of the second beam splitter serves as the input to the fifth beam splitter. The other output terminal of the second beam splitter serves as the input to the fourth beam splitter. The output terminal of the fourth beam splitter serves as the light input to the meter assembly. The output terminal of the fifth beam splitter serves as the light input to the meter assembly.

[0008] Inside the mounting base assembly, there is a first groove near the top of the box, a second groove near the center, a third groove and a fourth groove near the bottom of the second groove. The first and second beam splitters are mounted on the first groove, the light source is mounted on the second groove, the third and fourth beam splitters are mounted on the third groove, and the fifth beam splitter is mounted on the fourth groove. The inner cavity of the box has three pillars with mounting holes for connecting analog circuit boards. The bottom of the box has a first fiber outlet groove and a second fiber outlet groove. The first fiber outlet groove is the lead-out point of the fourth beam splitter, and the second fiber outlet groove is the lead-out point of the third and fifth beam splitters. Four through holes are cut at the four corners of the outer perimeter of the box for connecting the heat dissipation bracket of the simulation board. The four through holes are connected to the main body structure by fastening screws.

[0009] The meter head assembly includes a mounting flange, a fiber optic ring base, a fiber optic ring cover, a digital board heat dissipation bracket, a fiber optic ring assembly, a Y-waveguide, a digital circuit board, a temperature sensor, and a detector. The fiber optic ring assembly includes a fiber optic ring base and a fiber optic ring. The mounting flange has through holes at the four corners of its outer perimeter for external mounting and is connected to the main body structure by fastening screws; eight mounting holes are drilled on the first outer circle for connecting the digital board heat dissipation bracket; three pillars with mounting holes are provided on the inner cavity of the second outer circle for connecting the digital circuit board; the middle baffle of the mounting flange is configured such that fiber optic grooves and fiber routing grooves are drilled on the baffle surface. The fiber optic ring base includes a fiber optic ring mounting platform, an inner ring sidewall, an outer ring sidewall, and a device mounting platform. The fiber optic ring base and the fiber optic ring cover form a closed annular cavity. The fiber optic ring is mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting platform. The fiber optic ring base has fiber exit grooves and fiber routing grooves near the inner ring sidewall. The fiber enters the device mounting platform through the fiber exit groove. The device mounting platform has device mounting grooves for mounting Y-waveguides. Both ends of the Y-waveguide are connected to the fiber optic ring pigtail. One end of the Y-waveguide passes through the fiber routing groove and then through the wiring groove to connect with the output ends of the third, fourth, and fifth beam splitters. The first plane of the fiber optic ring base has eight countersunk holes, which are connected to the mounting flange by fastening screws. The second plane has four countersunk holes, which are connected to the top cover of the fiber optic ring by fastening screws. A boss is provided on the outer circle of the fiber optic ring cover, and a boss is provided on the inner circle of the fiber optic ring cover. The boss on the inner circle overlaps with the stop on the inner ring side wall of the fiber optic ring base, and the boss on the outer circle overlaps with the stop on the outer ring side wall of the fiber optic ring base. The temperature sensor is mounted on a device mounting platform away from the device. Three detectors are soldered onto the digital circuit board to receive the output optical signals of the three fiber optic gyroscope instrument head assemblies, and convert the optical signals into electrical signals. After the electrical signals are processed by the digital circuit board of the fiber optic gyroscope, they become the output of the gyroscope.

[0010] The analog board heat sink bracket is provided with mounting bosses, and high-power heat-generating devices on the analog circuit board are attached to the mounting bosses using high-performance thermally conductive materials; the digital board heat sink bracket is provided with mounting bosses, and high-power heat-generating devices on the digital circuit board are attached to the mounting bosses using high-performance thermally conductive materials.

[0011] Both the analog board heat sink and the digital board heat sink have thin-walled structures. The minimum vertical distance between the high-power heat-generating components of the analog circuit board and the analog board heat sink is 0.4-0.5mm, and the minimum vertical distance between the high-power heat-generating components of the digital circuit board and the digital board heat sink is 0.4-0.5mm.

[0012] The inner diameter of the fiber optic ring is 39.5-40.5 mm, the outer diameter is 51.5-53.1 mm, the height is 9.8-10.3 mm, and the total length is 735 m ± 0.5 m. The minimum vertical mounting distance between the top of the Y-waveguide device and the top cover of the fiber optic ring is 0.9-1.1 mm; The wall thickness of the U-shaped part of the fiber optic ring base is 0.8-1mm. The fiber optic ring is bonded to it with epoxy adhesive with a thickness of 0.1-0.2mm. The minimum vertical distance between the top of the bonded fiber optic ring and the top cover of the fiber optic ring is 0.8-1.1mm. The wall thickness of the inner and outer ring sidewalls of the fiber optic ring base is 0.8-1mm, and the gap between the inner and outer ring sidewalls and the fiber optic ring is 1-1.2mm. The thickness of the fiber optic ring cover is 0.6-1 mm, and the gap between the side wall of the fiber optic ring cover and the side wall of the outer ring is 0.3-0.5 mm.

[0013] The outer diameter of the mounting flange is equal to the outer diameter of the fiber optic ring base.

[0014] The four modules of the component are installed on the four planes of the main body, providing excellent visibility. During the installation of the main body, operators can clearly see whether the optical fibers and wires are compressed.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, it has the following beneficial technical effects: (1) The present invention provides a three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope based on a single-axis gyroscope scheme. In order to further reduce power consumption requirements, the three gyroscopes share a single light source, reducing cost by 20%, power consumption by 20%-40%, and weight by about 10%. Under the premise of comparable accuracy, it achieves lower cost, smaller size, and lighter weight.

[0016] (2) The present invention provides a three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope, which adopts a modular design and is divided into a light source assembly and a meter assembly module. The components are independent of each other and are connected only by wire harnesses, supporting parallel and independent operation. Moreover, there are no blind spots in operation when the modules are installed inside, the components are installed on all four sides of the main body, which improves the flexibility of assembly and maintenance.

[0017] (3) The present invention provides a three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope with a fan-type heat dissipation structure, which optimizes the heat dissipation path of the core heat-generating device and selects a high thermal conductivity material as the heat dissipation substrate to control the internal temperature of the gyroscope in the range of -10℃ to 60℃, thereby improving the working reliability of electronic components in high and low temperature environments.

[0018] (4) The present invention provides a three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope, which optimizes the layout of optical components and refines the design of the pigtail winding path. At the same time, the pigtails of the Y-waveguide fiber and the light source detector are designed separately, which facilitates the rework and troubleshooting during the production stage of the gyroscope.

[0019] (5) The present invention provides a three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope, which adopts a centralized installation method for optical components, reduces optical path connection points and losses, and simplifies the production and assembly process.

[0020] (6) The present invention provides a three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope, which reduces the risk of fiber bending and wear by using a process design of matching slots in the housing, and effectively extends the life of the fiber.

[0021] (7) The present invention provides a three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope, which adopts an instrument-level independent operation mode, allowing for the assembly and debugging of the gyroscope head in advance; the processes of each module are not interdependent, supporting the parallel advancement of complex processes, while key processes such as the assembly and curing of the head optical components are brought forward, reserving time for stress release, making the gyroscope performance more stable. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope of the present invention; Figure 2This is a structural diagram of the light source base assembly in this invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the header component in this invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the mounting base assembly in this invention; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the box in this invention; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the heat dissipation bracket for the simulated board in the light source base assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the mounting flange in the meter head assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the fiber optic ring base in the meter head assembly of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the fiber optic ring cover in the meter head assembly of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the heat dissipation bracket for the digital board in the meter assembly of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] To meet the mission requirements of small-size, low-cost, and medium-to-high-precision three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscopes, this invention proposes a three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope that achieves miniaturization, lightweighting, and modular design of the three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope assembly while ensuring accuracy and reducing costs.

[0025] This invention provides a three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a light source base assembly 1 and a meter assembly 2. The light source base assembly 1 and the meter assembly 2 are mounted on the main structure of the system. The light source base assembly 1 and the three meter assemblies 2 form a complete three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope. The light source base assembly 1 and the optical path assembly 2 are connected by a wire harness 3. The light source base assembly 1 generates a light signal. After the light signal is split within the light source base assembly 1, it enters the three meter head assemblies 2. The light signal undergoes splitting, transmission, and interference processes within the meter head assembly 2 to form an interference light signal. Subsequently, the interference light signal is transmitted back to the meter head assembly 2, where it undergoes photoelectric conversion to obtain an electrical signal.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the light source base assembly 1, from top to bottom, includes a simulation board heat dissipation bracket 11, a simulation circuit board 12, and a mounting base assembly 4; the simulation circuit board 12 supplies power to the mounting base assembly 4, thereby driving and controlling the temperature of the light source base assembly 1.

[0027] like Figure 3As shown, the meter head assembly 2, from top to bottom, includes a mounting flange 21, a fiber optic ring base 22, a fiber optic ring cover 23, a digital board heat dissipation bracket 24, a fiber optic ring assembly 5, a Y-waveguide 26, a digital circuit board 27, a temperature sensor 28, and a detector 29. The fiber optic ring assembly 5 includes a fiber optic ring base 22 and a fiber optic ring 25. like Figures 4 to 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a mounting base assembly 4 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the mounting base assembly 4 includes a housing 41, a light source 42, a first beam splitter 43, a second beam splitter 44, a third beam splitter 45, a fourth beam splitter 46, and a fifth beam splitter 47. The light emitted by the light source 42 passes through the first beam splitter 43. The first beam splitter 43 has two output terminals, namely a 30 output terminal and a 70 output terminal. The 70 output terminal serves as the input of the second beam splitter 44, and the 30 output terminal serves as the input of the third beam splitter 45. The output terminal of the third beam splitter 45 serves as the light input of the meter assembly 2. The output terminal of the second beam splitter 44 serves as the input of the fifth beam splitter 47. The other output terminal of the second beam splitter 44 serves as the input of the fourth beam splitter 46, and the output terminal of the fourth beam splitter 46 serves as the light input of the meter assembly 2. The output terminal of the fifth beam splitter 47 serves as the light input of the meter assembly 2.

[0028] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the light source base assembly 1 and the mounting base assembly 4 share a common housing 41; The box body 41 has a first groove 41-3 near the top, a second groove 41-5 near the center, a third groove 41-6 and a fourth groove 41-8 near the lower part of the second groove 41-5. The first beam splitter 43 and the second beam splitter 44 are installed on the first groove 41-3, the light source 42 is installed on the second groove 41-5, the third beam splitter 45 and the fourth beam splitter 46 are installed on the third groove 41-6, and the fifth beam splitter 47 is installed on the fourth groove 41-8. The inner cavity of the box body 41 has three pillars and mounting holes 41-7 for connecting the analog circuit board 12. The bottom of the box body 41 has a first fiber outlet groove 41-9 and a second fiber outlet groove 41-10. The first fiber outlet groove 41-9 is the lead-out point of the fourth beam splitter 46, and the second fiber outlet groove 41-10 is the lead-out point of the third beam splitter 45 and the fifth beam splitter 47. Four through holes 41-1 are cut at the four corners of the outer perimeter of the box 41 for connecting the heat dissipation bracket 11 of the simulation board. The four through holes 41-1 are connected to the main body structure by fastening screws.

[0029] like Figure 7As shown, through holes 21-1 are drilled at the four corners of the outer periphery of the mounting flange 21 as external mounting holes, and are connected to the main body structure by fastening screws; eight mounting holes 21-2 are drilled on the first outer circle for connecting the digital board heat dissipation bracket 24; three pillars are provided on the inner cavity of the second outer circle and mounting holes 21-3 are opened for connecting the digital circuit board 27; the middle baffle surface of the mounting flange 21 is set as 21-4, and fiber tray grooves 21-5 and fiber routing grooves 21-6 are drilled on the baffle surface.

[0030] like Figures 8 to 9 This diagram illustrates a schematic structural diagram of the installation of an optical fiber ring assembly 5 according to an embodiment of this application. The optical fiber ring assembly 5 is disposed at the lower part of the mounting flange 21, and the optical fiber ring 25 is located between the optical fiber ring base 22 and the optical fiber ring cover 23. The mounting flange 21, the optical fiber ring assembly 5, and the optical fiber ring cover 23 are detachably connected sequentially from top to bottom.

[0031] The fiber optic ring base 22 includes a fiber optic ring mounting platform 22-5, an inner ring sidewall 22-2, an outer ring sidewall 22-9, and a device mounting platform 22-6. The fiber optic ring base 22 and the fiber optic ring cover 23 form a closed annular cavity. The fiber optic ring 25 is mounted on the bottom surface of the mounting platform 22-5. The fiber optic ring base 22 has a fiber outlet groove 22-7 and a fiber routing groove 22-3 near the inner ring sidewall 22-2. The fiber optic cable enters the device mounting platform 22-6 through the fiber outlet groove 22-7. The device mounting platform 22-6 has a device mounting groove 22-4 for mounting a Y-waveguide 26. The Y-waveguide 26 is connected to the pigtail of the fiber optic ring 25 at both ends. The Y-waveguide 26 passes through the fiber routing groove 22-3 and then through the wiring groove 21-6 to connect with the output ends of the third beam splitter 45, the fourth beam splitter 46, and the fifth beam splitter 47. The fiber optic ring base 22 has eight countersunk holes 22-1 on its first plane, which are connected to the mounting flange 21 by fastening screws. The second plane has four countersunk holes 22-8, which are connected to the fiber optic ring cover 23 by fastening screws. While achieving precise length requirements for the fiber optic ring 25 in a small size, full-layer winding is achieved through a refined design. The inner diameter of the fiber optic ring 25 is 39.5-40.5mm, the outer diameter is 51.5-53.1mm, the height is 9.8-10.3mm, and the total length of the fiber optic ring is 735m±0.5m. The fiber optic ring 25 can be wound and bonded to the fiber optic ring base 22 using a new type of low expansion coefficient curing adhesive. The adhesive thickness is 0.1-0.2mm. The bonding parts on the mounting platform 22-5, inner ring sidewall 22-9 and inner ring sidewall 22-2 are pre-treated by sandblasting. The sandblasting particle size can be cured to 80 mesh. After bonding, the minimum vertical distance between the top of the fiber optic ring 25 and the fiber optic ring cover 23 is 0.9-1.1mm. The wall thickness at the U-shaped part of the fiber optic ring base is 0.8-1mm, the wall thickness at the device mounting platform 22-6 is 1.1-1.3mm, and the minimum vertical distance between the top of the Y-waveguide 26 and the upper cover 23 of the fiber optic ring is 0.9-1.1mm. like Figure 9 As shown, the fiber optic ring cover 23 has a wall thickness of 0.6-1 mm, the gap between the side wall of the fiber optic ring cover 23 and the outer ring side wall 22-9 of the fiber optic ring base 22 is 0.6-0.8 mm, the gap between the outer ring side wall 22-9 of the fiber optic ring base 22 and the fiber optic ring 25 is 1-1.2 mm, the gap between the inner ring side wall 22-7 and the fiber optic ring 25 is 1-1.2 mm, and the wall thickness of the inner ring side wall 22-7 is 0.6-0.8 mm.

[0032] Figure 6 , Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of a heat dissipation design scheme provided in an embodiment of this application. The mounting flange 21 is used to support the digital circuit board 27, the fiber optic ring base 22, and the digital board heat dissipation bracket 24. The thermal conductivity of the mounting flange 21 and the digital board heat dissipation bracket 24 is higher than that of the fiber optic ring base 22. The surface A of the digital board heat dissipation bracket has two areas 24-3 and 24-4. This area is bonded with Bergs material as a heat dissipation area for high-power devices. The heat-generating devices are bonded to the surface A through Bergs material, which can more efficiently conduct the heat generated by the high-power devices on the digital circuit board 27 to the high thermal conductivity mounting flange 21, making it easier for the heat to dissipate to the outside rather than being transferred to the fiber optic ring base 22. The surface B of the analog board heat sink bracket has an area 11-2, where Berger material is also adhered as a heat dissipation area for high-power devices. Berger material can achieve insulation and elastic contact effects, and can also compensate for problems such as soldering height errors, so that the high-power devices on the analog circuit board 12 can conduct heat more efficiently to the high thermal conductivity box 41 to complete heat dissipation.

[0033] The following describes the dimensions and structure of a medium-to-high precision three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope with good environmental adaptability, provided by an embodiment of this application.

[0034] The wall thickness at the U-shaped part of the fiber optic ring base is 0.8-1mm, the wall thickness at the middle baffle 22-6 is 1.1-1.3mm, and the minimum vertical installation distance between the top of the Y-waveguide 26 and the upper cover 23 of the fiber optic ring is 0.9-1.1mm. like Figure 9As shown, the fiber optic ring cover 23 has a wall thickness of 0.6-1 mm, and the gap between its sidewall and the outer ring sidewall 22-9 of the fiber optic ring base 22 is 0.3-0.5 mm. The gaps between the outer ring sidewall 22-9, the inner ring sidewall 22-7 of the fiber optic ring base 22, and the fiber optic ring 25 are all 1-1.2 mm, and the wall thickness of the inner ring sidewall 22-7 is 0.8-1 mm. The reserved gap between the inner diameter of the fiber optic ring 25 and the inner wall of the fiber optic ring base 22 can eliminate the influence of fiber optic ring base expansion on the environmental adaptability of the fiber optic ring. The above structural design ensures the miniaturization of the fiber optic gyroscope while meeting the overall strength requirements.

[0035] The vertical distance between the top of the Y-waveguide 26 and the inner wall of the fiber optic ring cover 23 is 0.9-1.1 mm; the vertical distance between the highest point of the detector 29 and the mounting flange 21 is 1-1.5 mm; the vertical distance between the light source 42 and the highest point of the analog circuit board 12 is 1-1.2 mm; the vertical distance between the high-power devices on the digital circuit board 27 and the digital board heat sink 24 is 0.4-0.5 mm; and the vertical distance between the high-power devices on the analog circuit board 12 and the analog board heat sink 11 is 0.4-0.5 mm. These vertical distance settings provide space for device vibration.

[0036] The external dimensions of the gyroscope instrument head are ≤60×60×27mm. The mounting flange 21 is fixedly connected to the external structure by screws, and the spacing between the mounting holes of the screws is ≤52mm.

[0037] The four modules of the component are installed on the four planes of the main body, providing a visual display. During installation, operators can clearly see whether there are any issues with the fiber optic cables or wires being squeezed or damaged.

[0038] Adopting an instrument-level independent operation mode, the assembly and debugging of the gyroscope head can be carried out in advance; the processes of each module are not interfering with each other, supporting the parallel progress of complex processes. At the same time, key processes such as the assembly and curing of the head optical components are brought forward, allowing time for stress release, making the gyroscope performance more stable.

[0039] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope, characterized in that, It includes a light source base assembly (1) and three meter head assemblies (2); the light source base assembly (1) and the three meter head assemblies (2) are installed on the main structure of the system to form a complete three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope; the light source base assembly (1) and the meter head assembly (2) are connected by a wire harness (3); the light source base assembly (1) generates an optical signal, and after the optical signal completes the beam splitting operation in the light source base assembly (1), it enters the three meter head assemblies (2), and undergoes beam splitting, transmission and interference processes in the meter head assembly (2) to form an interference optical signal. Then the interference optical signal is transmitted back to the meter head assembly (2) for photoelectric conversion to obtain an electrical signal and output.

2. The three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light source base assembly (1) includes a simulation board heat dissipation bracket (11), a simulation circuit board (12), and a mounting base assembly (4). The analog circuit board (12) is installed in the space formed by the analog board heat dissipation bracket (11) and the mounting base assembly (4) to realize the driving and temperature control of the light source base assembly (1); the mounting base assembly (4) includes a box (41), a light source (42), a first beam splitter (43), a second beam splitter (44), a third beam splitter (45), a fourth beam splitter (46), and a fifth beam splitter (47); the light emitted by the light source (42) passes through the first beam splitter (43), which includes two output terminals, namely a 30 output terminal and a 30 output terminal. The 70 output terminal serves as the input of the second beam splitter (44), the 30 output terminal serves as the input of the third beam splitter (45), the output terminal of the third beam splitter (45) serves as the optical input of the meter assembly (2), the output terminal of the second beam splitter (44) serves as the input of the fifth beam splitter (47), the other output terminal of the second beam splitter (44) serves as the input of the fourth beam splitter (46), the output terminal of the fourth beam splitter (46) serves as the optical input of the meter assembly (2), and the output terminal of the fifth beam splitter (47) serves as the optical input of the meter assembly (2).

3. The three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 2, characterized in that, Inside the mounting base assembly (4), a first groove (41-3) is provided near the top of the housing (41), a second groove (41-5) is provided near the center of the housing (41), a third groove (41-6) and a fourth groove (41-8) are provided near the lower part of the second groove (41-5), a first beam splitter (43) and a second beam splitter (44) are installed on the first groove (41-3), a light source (42) is installed on the second groove (41-5), a third beam splitter (45) and a fourth beam splitter (46) are installed on the third groove (41-6), and a fifth beam splitter (47) is installed on the fourth groove (41-8). -8) The inner cavity of the box (41) is provided with three pillars and has mounting holes (41-7) for connecting the analog circuit board (12). The bottom of the box (41) is provided with a first fiber outlet groove (41-9) and a second fiber outlet groove (41-10). The first fiber outlet groove (41-9) is the lead-out point of the fourth beam splitter (46), and the second fiber outlet groove (41-10) is the lead-out point of the third beam splitter (45) and the fifth beam splitter (47). Four through holes (41-1) are drilled at the four corners of the outer periphery of the box (41) for connecting the analog board heat dissipation bracket (11). The four through holes (41-1) are connected to the main body structure by fasteners.

4. The three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 2, characterized in that, The meter assembly (2) includes a mounting flange (21), a fiber optic ring base (22), a fiber optic ring cover (23), a digital board heat dissipation bracket (24), a fiber optic ring assembly (5), a Y waveguide (26), a digital circuit board (27), a temperature sensor (28), and a detector (29), wherein the fiber optic ring assembly (5) includes a fiber optic ring base (22) and a fiber optic ring (25). The mounting flange (21) has four through holes (21-1) at the four corners of its outer perimeter, which serve as external mounting holes and are connected to the main body structure by fasteners; eight mounting holes (21-2) are drilled on the first outer circle to connect the digital board heat dissipation bracket (24); three pillars are provided on the inner cavity of the second outer circle and mounting holes (21-3) are opened to connect the digital circuit board (27); the middle baffle surface of the mounting flange (21) is set as (21-4), and fiber tray grooves (21-5) and fiber routing grooves (21-6) are drilled on the baffle surface. The fiber optic ring base (22) includes a fiber optic ring mounting platform (22-5), an inner ring sidewall (22-2), an outer ring sidewall (22-9), and a device mounting platform (22-6). The fiber optic ring base (22) and the fiber optic ring cover (23) form a closed annular cavity. The fiber optic ring (25) is mounted on the mounting platform (22-5) inside the annular cavity. The fiber optic ring base (22) has a fiber outlet groove (22-7) and a fiber routing groove (22-3) near the inner ring sidewall (22-2). The pigtail of the fiber optic ring (25) passes through the fiber outlet groove (22-7). -7) Enter the device mounting platform (22-6). The device mounting platform (22-6) is provided with a device mounting groove (22-4) for mounting Y waveguide (26). The Y waveguide (26) is connected to the pigtail of the fiber ring (25) at both ends. The Y waveguide (26) is passed out from the fiber routing groove (22-3) and then passed into the wiring groove (21-6) and entered the (21-4) surface. Then it enters the fiber coiling groove (21-5) surface and is coiled against the wall and connected to the output end of the third beam splitter (45), the fourth beam splitter (46), and the fifth beam splitter (47). The fiber optic ring base (22) has eight countersunk holes (22-1) on the first plane, which are connected to the mounting flange (21) by fastening screws. The second plane has four countersunk holes (22-8), which are connected to the fiber optic ring cover (23) by fastening screws. A boss (23-2) is provided on the outer circle of the fiber optic ring cover (23), and a boss (23-3) is provided on the inner circle of the fiber optic ring cover (23). The boss (23-3) on the inner circle overlaps with the stop of the inner ring sidewall (22-2) of the fiber optic ring base (22), and the boss (23-2) on the outer circle overlaps with the stop of the outer ring sidewall (22-9) of the fiber optic ring base (22). The temperature sensor (28) is mounted on the device mounting platform (22-6) away from the device; Three detectors (29) are soldered onto the digital circuit board (27) to receive the output optical signals of the three fiber optic gyroscope instrument head assemblies (2) respectively, and convert the optical signals into electrical signals. After the electrical signals are processed by the fiber optic gyroscope digital circuit board (27), they become the output of the gyroscope.

5. A three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 4, characterized in that, The analog board heat sink bracket (11) is provided with mounting bosses (11-2), and the high-power devices on the analog circuit board (12) are attached to the mounting bosses (11-2) by means of high-performance thermal conductive material; the digital board heat sink bracket (24) is provided with mounting bosses (22-3) and (22-4), and the high-power devices on the digital circuit board (27) are attached to the mounting bosses (22-3) and (22-4) by means of high-performance thermal conductive material.

6. The three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 4, characterized in that, The analog board heat sink bracket (11) and the digital board heat sink bracket (24) are both thin-walled structures. The minimum vertical distance between the high-power heat-generating device of the analog circuit board (12) and the analog board heat sink bracket (11) is 0.4-0.5mm. The minimum vertical distance between the high-power heat-generating device of the digital circuit board (27) and the digital board heat sink bracket (24) is 0.4-0.5mm.

7. A three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the fiber optic ring (25) is 39.5-40.5 mm, the outer diameter of the fiber optic ring (25) is 51.5-53.1 mm, the height of the fiber optic ring (25) is 9.8-10.3 mm, and the total length of the fiber optic ring is 735 m ± 0.5 m.

8. A three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 4, characterized in that, The minimum vertical installation distance between the top of the Y-waveguide device (26) and the upper cover (23) of the fiber optic ring is 0.9-1.1 mm.

9. A three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fiber optic ring base (22) has a wall thickness of 0.8-1 mm at the U-shaped section. The fiber optic ring (25) is bonded to (22-5) with epoxy adhesive, and the adhesive thickness is 0.1-0.2 mm. The minimum vertical distance between the top of the bonded fiber optic ring (25) and the fiber optic ring cover (23) is 0.8-1.1 mm. The wall thickness of the inner ring sidewall (22-2) and the outer ring sidewall (22-9) of the fiber optic ring base (22) is 0.8-1 mm. The gap between the inner ring sidewall (22-2), the outer ring sidewall (22-9) and the fiber optic ring (25) is 1-1.2 mm. The wall thickness of the fiber optic ring cover (23) is 0.6-1 mm. The gap between its sidewall and the outer ring sidewall (22-9) of the fiber optic ring base (22) is 0.3-0.5 mm.

10. A three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the mounting flange (21) is equal to the outer diameter of the fiber optic ring base (22).

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