Intervention system for Chinese yam tuber cells based on different development stages
By constructing a high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio time-degradation matrix and targeted activation intervention, the problem of deformity caused by changes in soil properties during the growth of yam tubers was solved, resulting in rounder and denser yam tubers and enhancing their commercial value.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- INNER MONGOLIA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies cannot effectively solve the problem of yam tuber deformities caused by changes in soil physical properties during growth, especially the problem of insufficient support due to loose soil in the early stage and increased mechanical resistance due to soil compaction in the later stage, which affects cell development and tuber appearance quality.
A high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio delayed degradation matrix was constructed by mixing crushed corn stalks with dormant cellulose-degrading bacteria to form a biological support matrix. In the early stage of growth, it provides physical rigid support, and in the later stage, targeted nitrogen supplementation activates matrix degradation to form a porous biochemical buffer layer, which synergistically drives the expansion of cortical cells.
It achieves resistance to soil settling in the early stage of growth, reduces mechanical resistance in the later stage, promotes the maximum expansion of cortical cells, ensures that the yam tubers are round and dense, and solves problems such as tuber deformity and flat head.
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Figure CN121817069A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the yam planting technical field, more particularly, the present application relates to the intervention system for yam tuber cells based on different development periods. BACKGROUND
[0002] The economic value of yam tubers mainly depends on yield and appearance commodity, and high-quality tubers should have the characteristics of flat, round and dense organization. From the perspective of plant cell biology, the transverse thickening of tubers depends on the orderly development of internal cell layers, especially during the swelling period, the volume expansion of cortical parenchyma cells plays a decisive supporting role. In order to guarantee this microscopic development process, the rhizosphere soil needs to provide suitable physical space to reduce the mechanical constraint on cell expansion.
[0003] However, in actual planting, there is a serious spatio-temporal mismatch between the evolution of soil physical properties and the development needs of tubers. On the one hand, yam grows in the early stage (vertical elongation period) and needs relatively stable soil medium to provide vertical orientation and resist natural settlement. If the soil is too loose, it is easy to cause the tuber to bend due to insufficient support; on the other hand, with the influence of rainfall leaching and gravity settlement, the soil bulk density in the planting trench gradually increases, leading to compaction and increased mechanical resistance. This trend from loose to tight coincides with the rapid swelling period of tubers, and the hard physical barrier outside the tuber forms a microscopic clamp on the cortical cells that urgently need to expand. Affected by this, the cortical cells cannot normally expand, the cell wall is forced to abnormally thicken and the shape is squeezed and deformed, which directly leads to yam deformities such as flat head, twisting or unevenness on the macro level, and seriously reduces the commodity value.
[0004] The existing technology such as deep ploughing before sowing or applying conventional organic fertilizer cannot solve the two core problems: first, the conventional loose substrate is prone to premature decomposition or settlement in the early stage, losing support and orientation for tuber vertical growth; second, it cannot precisely eliminate the persistent mechanical stress caused by soil compaction in the later period. In summary, there is currently a lack of a dynamic structure intervention method that can reverse the natural compaction of soil, achieve rigid stability in the early stage and active collapse and resistance reduction in the later stage based on the timing of cell development. SUMMARY
[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present application provides an intervention system for yam tuber cells based on different development periods, which constructs a high carbon-nitrogen ratio delayed degradation substrate, uses physical rigidity to resist soil settlement in the early stage, and starts explosive degradation by targeted nitrogen supplementation in the swelling period, prompting the substrate to collapse in situ into a porous biochemical buffer layer, and uses physical drag reduction and metabolic product induction to cooperatively drive the expansion of cortical cells, thereby solving the problems raised in the background art.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: an intervention system for yam tuber cells based on different development periods, comprising:
[0007] a matrix construction module for premixing the crushed corn stalks with the dormant cellulose-degrading microbial agent, adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture to a high threshold value that inhibits microbial activity, and preparing a biological support matrix that is limited in oxidation and maintains physical rigidity support under conventional soil conditions;
[0008] a space orientation module for vertically backfilling the matrix along the planting trench according to the predetermined growth trajectory and implanting the seed potato, and constructing a vertical loose columnar structure that resists soil settlement and back pressure using the rigidity of the matrix in the early growth stage of yam;
[0009] an activation intervention module for perfusing the activation liquid rich in readily available nitrogen source to the root side of the vertical columnar structure during the critical period of rapid diameter expansion of the tuber, relieving the dormancy of the microbial agent through water and nitrogen supply, and reducing the local carbon-nitrogen ratio to a rapid decomposition threshold value to start the explosive biodegradation reaction;
[0010] a biochemical transformation module for promoting the rapid softening and volume collapse of the straw fiber skeleton in the matrix by using the degradation reaction, and in situ transforming the outer side of the periderm into a porous biochemical buffer layer rich in degradation metabolites and having a retarding resistance network of micropores;
[0011] a cell expansion module for providing physical rebound space for the cortical cells using the reticular micropores in the buffer layer, and inducing acid relaxation of the cell wall using the enriched metabolites in the layer, to cooperatively drive the cortical parenchymal cells to complete maximum volume expansion in a low-resistance environment.
[0012] In the present application, the matrix construction module transmits the matrix data with high carbon-nitrogen ratio threshold value and physical rigidity parameters to the space orientation module for constructing a vertical physical model with anti-settlement capacity in the planting trench; then, the space orientation module feeds back the tuber development timing and diameter change signals to the activation intervention module in real time while maintaining the physical support state in the early stage; upon receiving the determination signal of the "expansion critical period", the activation intervention module outputs the carbon-nitrogen ratio mutation instruction and the activation liquid flow to the system, directly triggering the biochemical transformation module to start the explosive degradation program; then, the biochemical transformation module transmits the in-situ porosity change data and the concentration gradient of metabolites (humic acid, etc.) produced during the degradation process to the cell expansion module; finally, the cell expansion module responds to the low-resistance space and chemical induction parameters to drive the cortical cells to perform wall relaxation and volume expansion program, and complete the final morphological intervention.
[0013] In the present application, the physical crushed corn stalks are premixed with the dormant cellulose-degrading microbial agent, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture is adjusted to 75:1-100:1, and a biological support matrix that is limited in oxidation and maintains physical rigidity is prepared within 80-110 days after the emergence of yam, with an oxidation rate ≤3%;
[0014] wherein, the conventional soil environment is understood as the natural field state before the specific technical intervention (i.e. without the injection of high-nitrogen activating liquid) is implemented, characterized by the maintenance of moisture only by natural rainfall or basic agronomic irrigation, and the nitrogen level in the soil background and microbial activity are blocked by the microcapsule physical isolation layer on the surface of the substrate particles, which cannot trigger the intense biochemical reaction inside the substrate; in this environment, the oxidation rate is limited and the maintenance of physical rigid support means that the internal cellulose of the substrate is significantly inhibited (similar to being in standby state due to lack of fuel and igniter) due to the artificially regulated high carbon-nitrogen ratio (nitrogen starvation) and the dormancy lock of the microbial inoculant, so that it can resist soil gravity settlement and compaction like an inert structure during the growth period of several months; and the explosive biodegradation reaction means that once the exogenous high-concentration nitrogen source and water are injected in a pulse, the above inhibition balance is broken instantly, inducing the exponential growth of microbial population density and the secretion of a large amount of extracellular enzymes, resulting in a dramatic phase change process of the substrate physical structure from rigid support to structural collapse in a short time window (such as 7-10 days).
[0015] Preferably, the construction of the biological support substrate with delayed degradation characteristics performs the following operations:
[0016] Using the microencapsulation coating process, the cellulose-degrading microbial inoculant in the dormant state is wrapped on the surface of the crushed corn straw chips with the binder slurry to construct a substrate particle with a physical isolation layer, which blocks the penetration and contact of external water and oxygen with the cellulose-degrading microbial inoculant, and forces the cellulose-degrading microbial inoculant to remain in a metabolic quiescent state before activation.
[0017] Preferably, the component configuration of the biological support substrate requires:
[0018] In the mixture, the lignin particle carrier with difficult degradation is mixed and matched to construct a dual carbon pool structure of readily available cellulose and slowly available lignin, and the lignin particle carrier is used to maintain the basic pore morphology of the substrate after the degradation of the cellulose skeleton, preventing the complete closed collapse of the porous biochemical buffer layer.
[0019] Preferably, the configuration form of the vertical loose columnar structure:
[0020] Using a concentric double-layer gradient structure layout, the inner layer guiding channel with lower filling density is distributed along the central axis to induce the root system to extend in the vertical direction; the outer layer of the wall ring with higher filling density and compaction treatment is distributed outside the inner layer guiding channel to resist the lateral extrusion stress of the surrounding soil on the vertical loose columnar structure.
[0021] Preferably, the operation mode of the vertical backfilling:
[0022] The double-cylinder sleeve type filler is used to inject the substrate material with different densities into the planting ditch through the inner and outer sleeves, and the vibration compaction treatment is performed on the biological support substrate during the backfilling process to establish the physical occupation structure.
[0023] Preferably, the perfusion is performed in the following manner:
[0024] The hydraulic fracturing high-pressure infiltration operation is used, the liquid injection probe with a lateral injection hole is inserted into the vertical loose columnar structure, the microbial population activating liquid is injected in a pulse pressure mode, the hydraulic shear effect is used to manufacture micro-fissures in the compacted biological support substrate to establish the liquid rapid diffusion channel.
[0025] Preferably, the component functions of the microbial population activating liquid are as follows:
[0026] The microbial population activating liquid is dissolved with a cellulase inducer, the cellulase inducer is configured to synergistically act with the readily available nitrogen source, the chemical induction of the resuscitated microorganism to preferentially synthesize and secrete the extracellular enzyme system required for degrading straws is performed while the nutrient limitation of the cellulose degrading bacterial agent is released.
[0027] Preferably, the degradation mode presented by the volume collapse is as follows:
[0028] According to the centrifugal type step degradation rule, the inner layer substrate close to the tuber preferentially softens and liquefies to form a contact layer with a low friction coefficient, and the outer layer substrate lags behind to degrade and remains a reticular skeleton to form an inner-soft and outer-tough physical transition zone around the tuber.
[0029] Preferably, the substance transport mechanism of the infiltration contact is as follows:
[0030] The directional diffusion process of the chelated metabolic flow is involved, the fulvic acid generated by the degradation of the substrate chelates the mineral ions in the soil with small molecule polyphenols to form a soluble organic-inorganic complex, and moves to the direction of the tuber skin and is enriched in the rhizosphere microdomain under the driving of the water potential difference.
[0031] Preferably, the trigger mechanism of the acid relaxation includes:
[0032] Based on the tonoplast directional acidification mechanism, the organic acid and microbial respiratory product retained in the porous biochemical buffer layer are used to maintain the acid environment of the tonoplast space of the tuber cortex cytoplasm, activate the expansin activity and break the connection between the cell wall fibers.
[0033] Technical effects and advantages of the present application:
[0034] (1) The present application constructs a biological support matrix with delayed degradation characteristics, and adopts microencapsulation coating process and high carbon-nitrogen ratio regulation to force the cellulose degrading bacteria agent to remain dormant in the early stage, so that the matrix maintains physical rigidity in the conventional soil environment, and cooperates with vertical guiding backfill to construct a loose columnar structure. This design effectively resists soil natural settlement and backfill pressure by using the physical skeleton of the matrix in the early growth stage of yam, providing a stable vertical guiding channel for the tuber root system, and reserving the degradation potential energy required in the later stage. This achieves the cross-time and space regulation of the soil physical structure, that is, the rigid protection wall in the early stage prevents the tuber from bending, and has transformation potential in the later stage, effectively solving the technical problems of yam bending and being easily affected by settlement caused by insufficient support of the loose matrix in the prior art.
[0035] (2) The present application implements targeted activation intervention at the critical period of tuber swelling, uses the activation liquid rich in available nitrogen source and enzyme inducer to instantaneously release the bacteria agent from dormancy and lower the carbon-nitrogen ratio, start explosive biodegradation reaction, and promote the in-situ transformation of straw skeleton into a porous biochemical buffer layer. This process uses volume collapse to reduce the mechanical resistance of the soil to the periderm, uses the reticular micropore to provide physical rebound space, and uses the humic acid and organic acid produced by degradation to induce acid relaxation of the periderm cell wall. This realizes the synergistic effect of physical drag reduction and biochemical induction, drives the periderm cells to complete maximum volume expansion in a low-resistance environment, and effectively solves the problems of tuber deformity, flat head and low internal tissue density caused by the development of periderm cells being constrained by soil compaction in the growth middle and late stages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, they are not intended to limit the present disclosure to specific embodiments. Rather, the present disclosure provides a more complete disclosure of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.
[0038] Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in proportion to the actual proportions.
[0039] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application or its use to the embodiments described.
[0040] Techniques, methods, and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail herein. However, where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices can be regarded as part of the specification to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.
[0041] Example 1, see Figure 1 The overall structure of the invention is schematically shown in the figure. This example selects a flat and convenient irrigation land plot to perform the operation, aiming to solve the problem of tuber deformation caused by soil compaction through a basic intervention scheme;
[0042] Matrix construction module: construct a biological support matrix with delayed degradation characteristics
[0043] Select air-dried corn stalks, use crushing equipment to process them into 30-50 mm long fragments, and remove the moldy parts to ensure the purity of the raw materials; Mix Bacillus subtilis dry spore powder into the straw fragments at a ratio of 5 grams per kilogram of straw. The selected spore powder has a live bacteria count of not less than 20 billion per gram; Determine the initial carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture, and adjust the overall carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture to a high threshold range of 80:1 to 90:1 by adding nitrogen-free sawdust accessories; Under this ratio, the microorganisms are in a metabolic inhibition state due to nitrogen deficiency, and the dry environment limits spore germination, ensuring that the matrix only undergoes weak oxidation within the first 90 days after emergence, maintaining sufficient physical rigidity to resist soil settlement.
[0044] Space orientation module: establish a vertically oriented reserved expansion space
[0045] Dig a vertical planting trench with a depth of 100 cm and a width of 25 cm in the planting plot; Backfill the biological support matrix prepared by the matrix construction module into the trench, maintain a natural accumulation state, and control the filling density to be 0.5 g / cm3, constructing a vertically loose columnar structure; Plant yam seed potatoes at the top center of the structure 5 cm down, and the structure uses the physical support force of the internal straw to reserve an unobstructed channel for the longitudinal elongation of the tuber in the early stage, preventing bending growth caused by plowpan obstruction.
[0046] Activation intervention module: implement targeted activation intervention during the cortex cell expansion period
[0047] When the yam grows to 95 days after emergence, field observation confirms that the tuber has entered the rapid diameter expansion critical period, and the regulation is mainly carried out in the main expansion area of the tuber, i.e., the depth interval of 5-45 cm underground. Prepare a 2% urea aqueous solution as the microbial activation solution. Based on the volume of the matrix in this depth interval (about 20 liters) and the target water content (65%), calculate the water requirement per plant. Through the pre-buried drip irrigation pipe network, quantitatively inject 3.5-4.0 liters of the microbial activation solution into the rhizosphere matrix area of each yam. The injection of a large amount of water quickly releases the dormancy of Bacillus subtilis spores, and the high-concentration available nitrogen source provided by urea instantly lowers the local carbon-nitrogen ratio of the matrix to the appropriate range of 25:1, starting the explosive reproduction of microorganisms.
[0048] Biochemical transformation module: transforming in-situ porous biochemical buffer environment
[0049] Within 10 days after activation, the recovered microbial community secretes a large amount of cellulase, causing the straw fiber skeleton to rapidly soften and collapse in volume; this process transforms the outer side of the tuber periderm in-situ to form a porous biochemical buffer layer rich in reticular micropores; the soil bulk density in this area is measured to be significantly reduced from 1.35 g / cm3 on the periphery to 0.65 g / cm3, and the physical and mechanical resistance is greatly reduced, providing physical space for tuber enlargement.
[0050] Cell expansion module: synergistic expansion of cells based on low resistance and metabolic induction
[0051] Along with straw decomposition, a large amount of humic acid, amino acid, and auxin-like substances produced by microbial metabolism are enriched in the porous biochemical buffer layer, and the rhizosphere microenvironment pH value is stabilized at about 5.8; the slightly acidic and active substance-rich environment contacts the yam tuber skin, activates the cortical cell membrane proton pump, induces acid relaxation of the cell wall, and increases the plasticity and ductility of the cell wall; under the synergistic action of external physical resistance elimination and internal cell wall relaxation, the cortical parenchyma cells achieve maximum volume expansion, and the harvested yam tuber skin is smooth and round, microscopic observation shows that the cortical cells are arranged in order and the volume is significantly increased.
[0052] Example 2, this embodiment uses microstructure reorganization and biochemical signal induction technology to solve the problem of high-intensity mechanical resistance in deep soil constraining cell development.
[0053] Matrix construction module: constructing a biological support matrix with delayed degradation characteristics
[0054] Perform microstructure reorganization operation on the matrix. Dry and non-moldy corn stalks are selected and processed into fiber debris with a specific length-width ratio by a pulverizer. A microcapsule coating material is prepared by mixing bentonite powder and pregelatinized starch at a mass ratio of 3:1 and adding water to form a colloidal suspension with a solid content of 15% to 20%. High-concentration Bacillus subtilis spore powder is mixed into the suspension; using spray granulation process, the suspension is uniformly coated on the surface of the straw debris, and the coating layer accounts for 8% to 12% of the total weight of the granules, forming microencapsulated matrix particles with a physical isolation layer; this treatment locks the microbial inoculant in an anoxic and dry microenvironment, forcing it to hibernate; adjust the proportion of difficult-to-degrade lignin particles (carbonized rice husk) in the matrix to control the overall carbon-nitrogen ratio to a high threshold that inhibits microbial activity, and obtain a biological support matrix with long-term physical rigidity and temporary non-rapid biochemical degradation.
[0055] Space orientation module: establishing vertically oriented reserved expansion space
[0056] A special double-layer concentric trenching backfilling equipment is used to construct a vertical guiding space. According to the expected growth depth of yam, the biological support matrix prepared by the matrix construction module is backfilled in layers: the matrix with low density and small particle size is filled in the central axis area of the columnar space to construct a low-resistance induction channel; the matrix with high density, long fibers and compaction is filled in the peripheral area of the central area to construct a high-rigidity wall protection ring; the concentric double-layer gradient structure uses the physical rigidity of the outer wall to resist the natural settlement and lateral extrusion of the soil on both sides of the planting trench in the early growth stage, and uses the inner channel to guide the root system of the seed potato to extend downward along the vertical axis.
[0057] Activation intervention module: implementation of targeted activation intervention in the cortical cell expansion period
[0058] When it is monitored that yam growth enters the physiological critical period of rapid tuber diameter expansion, the chemical activation program is started. A high-pressure liquid injection probe with a lateral micro-nozzle is inserted into the interior of the matrix column to implement hydraulic fracturing high-pressure infiltration. A microbial activation liquid containing a readily available nitrogen source and a cellulase inducer is pulsed into the matrix, and the cellulase inducer is selected from a solution of cellobiose or micro-sophorose with a concentration of 0.1%. The high-pressure liquid flow creates fine cracks in the dense matrix, ensuring rapid and uniform distribution of the activation liquid. The injection of the readily available nitrogen source instantaneously lowers the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the matrix, relieving the nutritional limitation of microorganisms; the water dissolves the physical isolation layer on the surface of the straw, and the cellobiose acts as a chemical signal molecule to induce microorganisms to preferentially synthesize extracellular cellulase, promoting the recovery of dormant Bacillus spores and entering the logarithmic growth phase in a short time.
[0059] Biochemical transformation module: transformation of in-situ porous biochemical buffer environment
[0060] With the outbreak of microbial activity, the matrix inside undergoes centrifugal stepwise degradation. The inner layer of the matrix is first exposed to the activation liquid and has a loose structure, so the fiber skeleton is first enzymatically softened and undergoes volume collapse, transforming into a semi-liquid humus; the outer layer of the matrix degrades later and retains part of the reticular fiber structure. The degradation time sequence from the inside to the outside transforms a special physical environment in-situ around the tuber: the area close to the tuber skin is a soft layer with extremely low friction coefficient, and the peripheral area is a reticular porous shell with air permeability and supporting force. The porous biochemical buffer layer reduces the mechanical resistance of the soil by volume shrinkage, and buffers the external soil rebound pressure through the reticular structure.
[0061] Cell expansion module: metabolic product-based cell wall relaxation promotion
[0062] In the stage of synergistic degradation of matrix and swelling of tubers, the porous biochemical buffer layer is enriched with humic acid, small molecule polyphenol and organic acid converted from lignocellulose. These active substances penetrate to the tuber epidermis in the form of chelate with soil solution. Small molecule acidic substances such as fulvic acid specifically accumulate in the cytoplasmic space of the cortex, maintain a slightly acidic environment, activate the proton pump and expansin of the cortex cell membrane, break the hydrogen bond connection between the microfibrils of the cell wall, and induce acid relaxation of the cell wall. Under the dual action of low mechanical resistance and high cell wall extensibility, the cortex parenchyma cells overcome physical constraints and achieve maximum volume expansion to develop into high-quality tubers with round shape and dense tissue.
[0063] Summary: Examples 1 and 2 aim to solve the core problem of soil mechanical resistance limiting the expansion of yam tuber cortex cells leading to deformity. Both strictly follow the same invention concept of "early rigid support to prevent sedimentation and later biochemical collapse to promote swelling" and the logic module from the matrix construction module to the cell expansion module. The main difference lies in the precision of technical implementation and the depth of targeted micro-mechanism: Example 1, as a basic general solution, focuses on conventional sandy soil environment, regulates carbon-nitrogen ratio through physical mixing, and activates conventional drip irrigation, aiming to solve the basic soil realignment problem. It is simple to operate and has lower cost. While Example 2, as an advanced preferred solution, focuses on deep or high resistance soil environment, introduces microcapsule coating locking, concentric double-layer gradient structure and liquid pressure cracking plus enzyme induction, etc. to achieve more precise control of matrix degradation timing and spatial structure. The connection between the two is that Example 2 is a deepening and refinement of the core technology logic of Example 1. The two support each other and together build a complete technical protection system from basic agricultural improvement to micro-fine control, reflecting different implementation forms of the same invention concept in different technical dimensions.
[0064] Finally: The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A system for intervention on the cells of the tubers of Dioscorea opposita Thunb. at different stages of development, characterized in that, Comprise: A substrate construction module for premixing crushed corn stalks with dormant cellulose-degrading inoculants, adjusting the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of the mixture to a high threshold value that inhibits microbial activity, and preparing a bio-supporting substrate that is limited in oxidation and maintains physical rigid support in a conventional soil environment; A spatial orientation module for vertically backfilling the substrate along planting furrows and implanting seed tubers according to a predetermined growth trajectory, and constructing a vertical loose columnar structure that resists soil subsidence and back pressure with substrate rigidity during the early growth stage of yam; An activation intervention module for infusing an activation liquid rich in readily available nitrogen sources into the root side of the vertical columnar structure during the critical period of rapid tuber diameter expansion, relieving the dormancy of the inoculants through water and nitrogen supplementation, and reducing the local carbon-to-nitrogen ratio to a rapid decomposition threshold to initiate explosive biodegradation; A biochemical transformation module for using the degradation reaction to cause rapid softening and volume collapse of the stalk fiber skeleton in the substrate, and in situ transforming the outer side of the tuber periderm into a porous biochemical buffer layer that not only has a network of microporous pores that reduce resistance, but also is rich in degradation metabolites; A cell expansion module that uses the network of microporous pores to provide physical rebound space for periderm cells, and uses the enrichment of metabolites in the layer to induce acid relaxation of the cell wall, and cooperatively drives the periderm parenchyma cells to complete maximum volume expansion in a low-resistance environment.
2. The intervention system based on different developmental stages of yam tuber cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bio-supporting substrate with delayed degradation characteristics performs the following operations: Using a microencapsulation coating process, the cellulose-degrading inoculants in a dormant state are wrapped in the surface of the crushed corn stalk debris using a binder slurry to construct a substrate particle with a physical isolation layer, which blocks the penetration and contact of external moisture and oxygen with the cellulose-degrading inoculants, and forces the cellulose-degrading inoculants to remain in a metabolic quiescent state until a predetermined activation.
3. The intervention system based on different developmental stages of yam tuber cells according to claim 2, characterized in that, The component configuration requirements of the bio-supporting substrate are: Mixing difficult-to-degrade lignin particles as carriers in the mixture to construct a dual-carbon bank structure with readily available cellulose and delayed lignin, and using the lignin particle carriers to maintain the basic pore morphology of the substrate after the degradation of the cellulose skeleton, preventing the porous biochemical buffer layer from collapsing completely.
4. The intervention system based on different developmental stages of yam tuber cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The configuration form of the vertical loose columnar structure is: Using a concentric double-layer gradient structure layout, where the inner layer guide channel with lower filling density is distributed along the central axis to induce root growth in the vertical direction, and the outer layer wall ring with higher filling density and compaction treatment is distributed outside the inner layer guide channel to resist lateral extrusion stress of the surrounding soil on the vertical loose columnar structure.
5. The intervention system based on different developmental stages of yam tuber cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operation mode of the vertical backfilling is: Using a double-cylinder sleeve type filling operation, different densities of substrate materials are injected into the planting furrows through the inner and outer sleeves, and vibration compaction is performed on the bio-supporting substrate during the backfilling process to establish a physical occupancy structure.
6. The intervention system based on different developmental stages of yam tuber cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The execution mode of the infusion is: Using a hydraulic fracturing high-pressure infiltration operation, a liquid injection probe with lateral injection holes is inserted into the interior of the vertical loose columnar structure to pulse pressure inject the microbial population activation liquid, and hydraulic shear is used to create micro-fissures in the compacted bio-supporting substrate to establish a liquid rapid diffusion channel.
7. The intervention system based on different developmental stages of yam tuber cells according to claim 6, characterized in that, The component functions of the microbial population activation liquid are: The bacterial community activating solution dissolves cellulase inducers configured to synergize with the readily available nitrogen source, chemically inducing the resuscitated microorganisms to preferentially synthesize and secrete the extracellular enzyme system required for degrading straws while alleviating the nutritional limitation of the cellulolytic bacterial agent.
8. The intervention system based on different developmental stages of yam tuber cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The degradation mode of the volume collapse is: Following the centrifugal step degradation law, the inner layer of the substrate adjacent to the tuber preferentially softens and liquefies, forming a contact layer with low friction coefficient, while the outer layer of the substrate degrades with a lag and retains a reticular skeleton, forming an inner-soft outer-tough physical transition zone around the tuber.
9. The intervention system based on different developmental stages of yam tuber cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substance transport mechanism of the penetration contact is: Involving the directed diffusion process of chelated metabolic flow, the fulvic acid produced by the degradation of the substrate chelates the mineral ions in the soil with small molecular polyphenols to form soluble organic-inorganic complexes, which move towards the tuber epidermis under the driving force of water potential difference and accumulate in the rhizosphere microdomain.
10. The intervention system based on different developmental stages of yam tuber cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The trigger mechanism of the acid relaxation includes: Based on the mechanism of tonoplast-directed acidification, the organic acids and microbial respiratory products retained in the porous biochemical buffer layer are used to maintain the acidic environment of the tonoplast space of the tuber cortex cytoplasm, activate the expansin activity and break the connection between the cell wall fibers.