Steel truss type large water body bottom-supported net cage equipment and mounting method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture equipment, in particular to steel truss type large-water-body bottom-supported net cage equipment and a mounting method thereof.The steel truss type large-water-body bottom-supported net cage equipment comprises a plurality of polygonal net cage units, a floating cross beam is arranged between every two adjacent polygonal net cage units, and each polygonal net cage unit comprises a plurality of stand columns; the upper ends of the multiple stand columns are fixedly connected with the integrated upper cross beam, the lower ends of the stand columns are fixed into the concrete base, and the concrete base is fixed to a seabed bearing stratum through the positioning piles. The modular circumferential series design not only breaks through the volume limitation of a single net cage, but also realizes the industrial transformation of culture operation and maintenance through an integrated cross beam channel, the overall scheme gives consideration to the high efficiency of construction and the stability of operation, and provides rigid physical space guarantee for large-scale and high-yield deep and far sea protein production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aquaculture equipment technology, and more specifically, to a steel truss-type large-body bottom-mounted net cage equipment and its installation method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, deep-sea aquaculture mainly relies on gravity cages, semi-submersible platforms, and early fixed truss structures. As aquaculture areas shift from nearshore to deeper waters (20-50 meters), the industry is transitioning from traditional flexible cages to rigid, large-scale, and intelligent metal truss structures. Existing technologies focus on solving structural strength issues under wave loads, but significant limitations remain in adaptability to complex seabed geological conditions, high-precision underwater installation, and large-scale water body expansion, as detailed below: I. Gravity-type deep-sea cages (PE circle cages): These cages use high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes to form a buoyancy frame, which is fixed to the seabed by an anchoring system. Their structure has a certain degree of flexibility, allowing them to rise and fall with the waves to dissipate wave energy. However, in practical applications, they have the following shortcomings: 1. Limited resistance to wind and waves; the frame is prone to deformation or breakage under extreme sea conditions. 2. The aquaculture water body is severely compressed, making it impossible to provide a stable and rigid growth space; 3. Mooring systems are prone to displacement due to insufficient holding power in soft geological conditions; II. Traditional Bottom-Seat Steel Net Cages: These cages are placed directly on the seabed using the self-weight of the steel frame. They typically employ a flat-bottom support structure and are secured by adding counterweights or simple anchors. However, they have the following shortcomings in practical applications: 1. It requires extremely high seabed flatness and is prone to uneven settlement in thick silt or soft strata; 2. Lacking a precise guiding and positioning mechanism, the column and base are difficult to accurately align during underwater installation due to ocean currents; 3. The structure is mostly an integral design, lacking modular expansion capability, making it difficult to flexibly increase the water volume according to aquaculture needs; III. Modified Net Cage for Pile-Foundation Fixed Offshore Platforms: Drawing inspiration from the jacket structure of offshore oil platforms, this method uses pile driving to fix the legs to the seabed, with netting suspended above or trusses added. However, it has the following shortcomings in practical applications: 1. The construction cost is extremely high, requiring large and specialized piling vessels, making it unsuitable for large-scale aquaculture promotion; 2. The structural connections are mostly welded or rigid flange connections, making underwater maintenance and modular replacement difficult; 3. The lack of integrated material transportation channels means that daily aquaculture operations rely on external ship supplies, resulting in low operational efficiency; In medium-deep waters of 20-50 meters, existing technologies lack a standardized truss cage system that can adapt to soft geology (preventing subsidence and displacement), achieve high-precision and rapid underwater assembly (conical alignment guidance), and possess large-scale modular expansion capabilities (multi-unit circumferential series connection). In particular, there is a lack of a flexible connection mechanism between the columns and the base that balances positioning accuracy and structural strength, as well as a lack of functional truss design that integrates operation and maintenance channels. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The summary section introduces a series of simplified concepts, which will be further explained in detail in the detailed description section. The summary section of this invention is not intended to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0004] To at least partially solve the above problems, the present invention provides a steel truss type large water body bottom-sitting cage equipment, including a number of polygonal cage units, with a floating crossbeam between two adjacent polygonal cage units; The polygonal cage unit includes multiple columns, the upper ends of which are fixedly connected to an integrated upper crossbeam. The lower ends of the multiple columns are fixed in multiple concrete bases, which are connected and fixed by a base frame. The concrete bases are fixed to the seabed bearing layer by positioning piles.

[0005] Furthermore, the integrated upper beam has a hollow channel inside, which integrates a pedestrian walkway, an automated feeding pipeline, and a power and data cable tray.

[0006] Furthermore, the concrete base has a conical through hole at its center, the bottom of the column is inserted into the conical through hole, and the conical connector at the bottom of the column forms a tapered fit with the inner wall of the conical through hole.

[0007] Furthermore, the top of the positioning pile is inserted into the conical through hole set in the center of the concrete base. The guide cone surface set on the top of the positioning pile forms a tapered fit with the inner wall of the conical through hole. The concrete base and the positioning pile are fixed in a secondary manner by grouting or mechanical pin.

[0008] Furthermore, several polygonal cage units are connected end to end by floating crossbeams and arranged in a circular array. Several polygonal cage units enclose the central aquaculture water space, and the floating crossbeams are connected to the flanges at the top of the columns by high-strength bolts.

[0009] Furthermore, the concrete base is a high-performance marine concrete precast component, which has an internal cavity or additional pontoon structure to provide buoyancy during installation. The bottom of the concrete base is equipped with an anti-slip tooth structure for direct fixation in hard rocky terrain.

[0010] Furthermore, the columns, floating beams, and integrated upper beams are all made of Q355B or Q420 marine steel, with an anti-corrosion coating on their surfaces. The conical connectors are made of cast steel, and the positioning piles are steel pipe piles with a diameter ranging from 800mm to 1500mm.

[0011] An installation method for a steel truss-type large-body bottom-supported gabion system, applicable to any of the steel truss-type large-body bottom-supported gabion systems described above, includes the following steps: S1. Subseabed pretreatment: Based on the geological survey report, the pre-designated concrete base placement points are dredged until a relatively hard bearing layer is exposed; S2. Positioning stake installation: Positioning stakes are vertically installed at the dredged location using a piling vessel, with the top of the positioning stake protruding above the seabed at a certain height; S3. Floating transport and underwater pile positioning of the underframe system: The concrete base and the underframe are assembled and fixed into an integral frame. The frame is towed to the predetermined sea area by buoyancy. The overall frame is slowly lowered by adjusting the buoyancy. The cone-shaped through hole in the center of the concrete base automatically slides into the guide cone surface of the positioning pile to achieve precise positioning without power. S4. Installation and locking of gabion unit truss: The polygonal gabion unit assembled on the shore foundation is hoisted to the top of the base. The conical connector at the bottom of the column is aligned with the conical through hole. Gravity is used to wedge the column into the hole of the concrete base to form a mechanical self-locking mechanism. S5. Modular Expansion: If it is necessary to expand the breeding volume, multiple polygonal cage units can be connected in circumferentially by using floating beams.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S3, the sinking speed of the concrete base is controlled to prevent impact damage to the conical surface. The alignment process is monitored by an underwater camera. When the distance between the concrete base and the positioning pile is less than a preset threshold, the anchor tension is adjusted to assist in alignment. The preset threshold is 0.05 meters.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S1, if the geological conditions are hard rock reefs, the operation of vertically inserting positioning piles using a piling vessel at the dredged location in step S2 is cancelled, and a gravity-type concrete base is used to directly sit on the ground, and the anti-slip tooth structure at the bottom of the concrete base is activated.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. By using a dual anchoring system of "positioning piles + concrete base", the horizontal displacement resistance is improved from single friction force to deep pile foundation shear resistance, significantly enhancing the structural stability and anti-settlement capability under soft geological conditions.

[0015] 2. Compared with traditional flange connection or welding methods, which are highly dependent on underwater visibility and artificial diving operations, this application utilizes a three-stage conical (positioning pile top cone, base inner cone, column bottom cone) guiding mechanism to significantly reduce the alignment tolerance requirements and achieve high-precision, high-efficiency blind insertion alignment between the underwater column and the base.

[0016] 3. Compared with the limitations of traditional monolithic net cages, which have a fixed volume once built and are difficult to expand, this application uses polygonal net cage units connected in a circular pattern to allow the total aquaculture volume to increase linearly with the number of units, giving the aquaculture water volume extremely high modular expansion flexibility.

[0017] 4. Compared with traditional cages that require frequent deployment of specialized supply vessels for manual feeding and inspection, the integrated channel of this application enables all-weather personnel access and automated material transportation, significantly reducing the reliance on external vessels for daily operation and maintenance and the associated operational risks.

[0018] 5. Compared to flexible net cages or simple steel frames, which are prone to frame distortion and compression of the growth space under strong waves, the steel truss structure of this application, combined with a bottom-mounted fixing, ensures the geometric invariance of the aquaculture space, effectively reducing the impact of wind and waves and dispersing the impact.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the polygonal wire mesh unit structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the polygonal wire mesh unit structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the concrete base structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning pile structure of the present invention; Explanation of markings in the diagram: Polygonal mesh cage unit 1; floating crossbeam 2; column 3; concrete base 4; positioning pile 5; integrated upper crossbeam 6; base frame 7. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] Example 1: As Figures 1-5 As shown, a steel truss type large water body bottom-sitting cage equipment includes several polygonal cage units 1, and a floating crossbeam 2 is provided between two adjacent polygonal cage units 1. The polygonal cage unit 1 includes multiple columns 3, the upper ends of which are fixedly connected to the integrated upper crossbeam 6, and the lower ends of which are fixed in multiple concrete bases 4. The multiple concrete bases 4 are connected and fixed by a base frame 7, and the concrete bases 4 are fixed to the seabed bearing layer by positioning piles 5. Multiple columns 3 enclose a small water body space, and a net cage water body is set up in the small water body space. The water level of the net cage water body is lower than the lower end of the integrated upper crossbeam 6. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: This invention decomposes a large aquaculture space into several polygonal net cage units 1 through modular design. Floating beams 2 connect adjacent units to form an expandable net structure. The columns 3 serve as the main load-bearing components, vertically transferring the water flow load and structural weight from the net to the concrete base 4. The concrete base 4 serves as an intermediate transition component, providing initial stability through its own weight and transferring the horizontal load to the deep seabed bearing layer through the internally embedded positioning piles 5. This force transmission path of columns 3, concrete base 4, and positioning piles 5 achieves a reliable connection between the upper aquaculture structure and the seabed geological conditions, ensuring the geometric stability of the aquaculture space. The modular design also reduces the difficulty of manufacturing and transporting individual components, facilitating assembly at sea. The base frame 7 connects and fixes multiple concrete bases 4 into an overall frame, further enhancing the overall rigidity and anti-overturning ability of the bottom structure. This application successfully solved the installation and stability problems in soft geological conditions in medium and deep waters by using an innovative three-level conical precision alignment system of "column-base-positioning pile". Its modular circular series design not only breaks through the volume limitation of a single cage, but also realizes the industrial transformation of aquaculture operation and maintenance through integrated crossbeam channels. The overall solution takes into account both the high efficiency of construction (shore assembly + underwater blind insertion) and the stability of operation, providing a rigid physical space guarantee for large-scale, high-yield deep-sea protein production.

[0024] Example 2: Figures 1-5 As shown, the integrated upper beam 6 has a hollow channel inside, which integrates a pedestrian walkway, an automated feeding pipeline, and a power and data cable tray. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The hollow channel design inside the integrated upper beam 6 enables multi-functional reuse of space. The pedestrian walkway provides aquaculture personnel with an all-weather, safe passage for inspection and maintenance, avoiding the risks of relying on ships for operations in harsh sea conditions. The automated feeding pipeline utilizes the channel space to directly transport feed from the central platform to each polygonal net cage unit 1, reducing transportation links. The power and data cable trays ensure the stability of power supply and signal transmission for aquaculture monitoring equipment, sensors, and automated control systems. This structure integrates operation and maintenance functions into the load-bearing structure, significantly reducing the operating costs and risks of deep-sea aquaculture, and realizing the industrialization and intelligentization of aquaculture equipment. The integrated upper beam 6 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the column 3, forming a stable top frame structure.

[0025] Example 3: Figures 1-5 As shown, the concrete base 4 has a conical through hole in the center, the bottom of the column 3 is inserted into the conical through hole, and the conical connector at the bottom of the column 3 forms a tapered fit with the inner wall of the conical through hole. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The tapered fit between the conical connector and the conical through-hole of the concrete base 4 enables rapid and precise alignment and locking of the column 3 and the concrete base 4. During installation, when the conical surface at the bottom of the column 3 contacts the inner hole of the concrete base 4, the guiding effect of the conical surface automatically corrects horizontal deviations, exhibiting self-centering characteristics. As the column 3 wedges in under gravity, a huge normal pressure is generated between the conical surfaces, which is then converted into friction, forming a mechanical self-locking mechanism. This connection method eliminates the need for underwater welding or complex bolt operations, ensuring connection rigidity and effectively resisting vertical pull-out forces. It is particularly suitable for underwater blind insertion installation scenarios. The bottom of the column 3 is inserted into the conical through-hole, and the conical connector at the bottom of the column 3 forms a tapered fit with the inner wall of the conical through-hole.

[0026] Example 4: Figures 1-5 As shown, the top of the positioning pile 5 is inserted into the conical through hole set in the center of the concrete base 4. The guide cone surface set on the top of the positioning pile 5 forms a tapered fit with the inner wall of the conical through hole. The concrete base 4 and the positioning pile 5 are fixed in a secondary manner by grouting or mechanical pin. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The guide cone surface at the top of the positioning pile 5 and the conical through hole of the concrete base 4 cooperate to form a guiding and locking mechanism between the concrete base 4 and the seabed anchoring system. The positioning pile 5 is pre-driven into the seabed bearing layer to provide shear resistance; when the concrete base 4 is lowered, the cone surface guides the concrete base 4 to accurately fit into the positioning pile 5. Subsequent grouting or mechanical pin fixing eliminates the gap between the concrete base 4 and the positioning pile 5, forming a rigid connection. This secondary fixing mechanism prevents the concrete base 4 from loosening or floating under long-term wave loads, ensuring the anchoring reliability of the entire cage equipment in complex sea conditions and solving the problem of easy displacement of traditional bottom-mounted cages. The top of the positioning pile 5 is inserted into the conical through hole set in the center of the concrete base 4, and the guide cone surface at the top of the positioning pile 5 and the inner wall of the conical through hole form a tapered fit.

[0027] Example 5: Figures 1-5 As shown, several polygonal cage units 1 are connected end to end by floating crossbeams 2 and arranged in a circular array. Several polygonal cage units 1 enclose the central aquaculture water space. The floating crossbeams 2 are connected to the flanges at the top of the columns 3 by high-strength bolts. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: Several polygonal net cage units 1 are connected end-to-end in a circular array via floating crossbeams 2. The overall rigidity of the geometric structure is used to resist wave impacts from any direction. The circular arrangement allows the outer polygonal net cage units 1 to act as breakwaters, providing a buffer zone for the central aquaculture water space formed by the enclosed space, thus reducing the water flow velocity in the central area. The floating crossbeams 2 are connected to the flanges at the top of the columns 3 with high-strength bolts, which not only ensures the structural continuity between units but also allows for adjustment of the unit spacing within a certain range to adapt to different scales of aquaculture needs. This modular expansion method allows the aquaculture volume to increase linearly with the number of units, providing extremely high flexibility. Several polygonal net cage units 1 enclose the central aquaculture water space, and the floating crossbeams 2 are connected to the flanges at the top of the columns 3 via high-strength bolts.

[0028] Example 6: Figures 1-5 As shown, the concrete base 4 is a high-performance marine concrete precast component, which has an internal cavity or additional pontoon structure to provide buoyancy during installation. The bottom of the concrete base 4 is equipped with an anti-slip tooth structure for direct fixation in hard rocky geological conditions. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The cavity or additional buoy structure inside the concrete base 4 utilizes Archimedes' principle of buoyancy to offset part of the self-weight of the concrete base 4 during the installation stage, allowing it to float or semi-float in the water, facilitating towing by engineering vessels and underwater attitude adjustment. Once the concrete base 4 is in place, it can be stabilized by injecting seawater or removing the buoys. The anti-slip tooth structure at the bottom uses tooth-shaped protrusions to increase the friction coefficient and interlocking force between the concrete base 4 and the hard rocky reef surface on the seabed, preventing the concrete base 4 from sliding horizontally under the action of ocean currents. This design allows the same concrete base 4 to adapt to two completely different geological conditions: soft silt with positioning piles 5 and direct placement on hard rocky reefs, improving the versatility of the equipment. The concrete base 4 is a high-performance marine concrete precast component with an internal cavity or additional buoy structure to provide buoyancy during installation.

[0029] Example 7: Figures 1-5 As shown, the materials of the column 3, floating beam 2 and integrated upper beam 6 are all Q355B or Q420 marine steel, and their surfaces are covered with anti-corrosion coating. The material of the conical connector is cast steel. The positioning pile 5 is a steel pipe pile with a diameter range of 800mm to 1500mm. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: Q355B or Q420 marine engineering steel is selected as the main structural material for the column 3, floating beam 2 and integrated upper beam 6. Its high strength and good low-temperature toughness ensure the load-bearing capacity and corrosion resistance of the truss structure in the high-salt, high-humidity and low-temperature environment of the deep sea. The surface is coated with an anti-corrosion coating to further isolate seawater erosion and extend the service life of the equipment. The conical connector is made of cast steel and the complex conical surface is formed by casting process to ensure fitting accuracy and wear resistance. The diameter range of the positioning pile 5 is set from 800mm to 1500mm, which is calculated based on the shear resistance requirements of the soft soil layer in the deep sea. This ensures that the pile foundation can provide sufficient anchoring force to resist the horizontal load under extreme sea conditions and ensure structural safety.

[0030] Example 8: Figures 1-5 As shown, an installation method for a steel truss-type large-body bottom-supported gabion system is applicable to any of the steel truss-type large-body bottom-supported gabion systems described above, comprising the following steps: S1. Submarine bed pretreatment: According to the geological survey report, the pre-set concrete base 4 placement points are dredged until a relatively hard bearing layer is exposed. S2. Positioning pile 5 insertion: Positioning pile 5 is vertically inserted into the dredged location using a piling vessel, with the top of positioning pile 5 protruding above the seabed at a certain height; S3. Floating transport and underwater pile positioning of the underframe system: The concrete base 4 and the underframe 7 are assembled and fixed into an integral frame. The frame is towed to the predetermined sea area by buoyancy. The overall frame is slowly lowered by adjusting the buoyancy. The cone-shaped through hole in the center of the concrete base 4 automatically slides into the guide cone surface of the positioning pile 5 to achieve precise positioning without power. S4. Installation and locking of gabion unit truss: The polygonal gabion unit 1 assembled on the shore foundation is hoisted to the top of the base. The conical connector at the bottom of the column 3 is aligned with the conical through hole. Gravity is used to wedge the column 3 into the hole of the concrete base 4 to form a mechanical self-locking mechanism. S5. Modular expansion: If it is necessary to expand the breeding volume, multiple polygonal net cage units 1 are connected in circumferentially by floating beams 2; The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: the engineering vessel is used to dredge the pre-set concrete base 4 placement point. The dredging depth is determined according to the geological survey report, usually 1-3 meters, until a relatively hard bearing layer is exposed. At the dredged position, the steel pipe positioning pile 5 is vertically inserted using a piling vessel. The top of the positioning pile 5 is processed with a 30° guide cone surface to compensate for the horizontal deviation during underwater installation. in, The total length of positioning stake 5 is in meters (m). The thickness of the surface silt at the preset delivery point is determined based on the geological survey report, in meters (m). The effective anchoring depth of positioning pile 5 into the hard bearing layer on the seabed, in meters (m). The height of the positioning pile 5 above the seabed mud surface, used to cooperate with the conical through hole of the concrete base 4, unit: meter (m). This formula is used to guide the selection and driving depth control of positioning pile 5 in step S2. By quantifying the depth relationship between the silt layer and the bearing layer, it ensures that positioning pile 5 can penetrate the soft silt layer and penetrate into the hard bearing layer, fundamentally solving the technical problem of traditional bottom-sitting gabions being prone to settlement and displacement in soft geology. On the shore, the concrete base 4 and the base frame 7 are assembled and fixed into an integral frame. The buoyancy is provided by the cavity inside the concrete base 4 or additional buoys. The engineering vessel tows it to the predetermined sea area. By adjusting the water level of the buoyancy chamber, the integral frame is slowly lowered. The center of the concrete base 4 has a conical inner hole (taper 1:10) that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The conical hole automatically slides into the guide cone surface of the positioning pile 5 by gravity, achieving precise positioning without power. in, The net force acting on the entire frame is expressed in Newtons (N). The weight of the concrete base 4 is expressed in Newtons (N). The weight of the base frame 7 is expressed in Newtons (N). The buoyancy force exerted on the overall frame by seawater (including the buoyancy provided by the cavity and additional pontoons), unit: Newton (N). The resistance to water flow during the sinking process, in Newtons (N). This formula is used in step S3 to control the sinking attitude of the concrete base 4 and the base frame 7 assembly. It is achieved by adjusting the water level inside the cavity of the concrete base 4 or by adding floats to change the... The size, thereby controlling The value when When the value approaches 0, the frame is in a state of suspension or slow, uniform descent. By controlling the sinking speed through force balance (usually controlled within 0.1m / s), the excessive gravitational potential energy is avoided, which would cause the concrete base 4 to impact the top of the positioning pile 5 at high speed. This effectively prevents the conical guide surface from cracking or the steel pile from deforming, thus protecting the precision alignment structure. By utilizing buoyancy adjustment instead of forced insertion by large machinery, construction energy consumption is reduced. Combined with the equilibrium state calculated by the formula, the concrete base 4 can naturally slide into the guide cone surface of the positioning pile 5 by gravity, achieving "precise alignment without power" and reducing the risks of offshore operations.

[0031] The polygonal cage unit 1 assembled on the shore is hoisted to the top of the base. The conical joint at the bottom of the column 3 is aligned with the conical through hole. Gravity is used to wedge the column 3 into the hole of the concrete base 4, forming a tight fit with an interference of 0.1-0.3mm, thus achieving mechanical self-locking. in, The single-point normal locking force generated between column 3 and the conical surface of concrete base 4, unit: Newton (N). The weight of a single polygonal wire mesh unit 1 (including the wire mesh and auxiliary facilities) is expressed in Newtons (N). This refers to the number of columns 3 in polygonal mesh cage unit 1; The taper half-angle of the tapered connector, in degrees (°). Friction angle, unit: degree (°); This formula is used in step S4 to verify the connection reliability of column 3 after it is wedged into concrete base 4. Column 3 is wedged in under gravity, and the vertical load is converted into normal pressure on the conical surface. The denominator of the formula ( This demonstrates the supporting effect of the cone angle and friction on vertical loads. Formula calculations prove that this connection method does not require underwater welding or bolt tightening; it generates a huge normal locking force solely through gravity wedging. This generates sufficient frictional resistance to resist the pull-out force, supporting the "mechanical self-locking" technical feature in the claim and clarifying the taper half-angle. The design basis (which must be less than the friction angle) ensures that the column 3 can be automatically locked once inserted, even in situations where underwater visibility is low and manual intervention is not possible. This greatly improves the efficiency of underwater installation and solves the pain point of traditional underwater connections relying on diver operations. This installation method adopts a shore-based prefabrication and offshore assembly model, simplifying complex underwater operations into standardized steps. Steps S1 and S2 pre-treat the seabed geology and establish anchoring points to provide a stable foundation for the superstructure. Step S3 uses buoyancy to control the sinking of the concrete base 4, combined with a conical guide to achieve precise alignment without power, reducing the difficulty of underwater construction. Step S4 uses the gravity self-locking principle to complete the installation of the column 3, avoiding the problem of uncontrollable underwater welding quality. Step S5 achieves volume expansion through modular series connection. The entire process has a clear logic, with each link closely connected, significantly shortening the offshore construction cycle and reducing installation costs and risks.

[0032] Example 9: Figures 1-5 As shown, in step S3, the sinking speed of the concrete base 4 is controlled to prevent impact damage to the conical surface. The alignment process is monitored by an underwater camera. When the distance between the concrete base 4 and the positioning pile 5 is less than a preset threshold, the anchor tension is adjusted to assist in alignment. The preset threshold is 0.05 meters. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: During the sinking process of the concrete base 4, controlling the sinking speed is to reduce the impact force at the moment of contact between the concrete base 4 and the positioning pile 5, and to prevent the concrete cone surface from cracking or the steel pile from deforming. Real-time monitoring by an underwater camera, combined with the adjustment of the mooring tension, achieves closed-loop control. When the distance is less than the preset threshold of 0.05 meters, the system enters the fine-tuning mode, using the fine-tuning capability of the mooring system to eliminate the remaining deviation. This refined control strategy ensures the integrity of the conical mating surface and guarantees the reliability of the subsequent mechanical self-locking. It is a key process guarantee for achieving high-precision blind insertion installation underwater. The alignment process is monitored by an underwater camera. When the distance between the concrete base 4 and the positioning pile 5 is less than the preset threshold, the mooring tension is adjusted to assist in alignment.

[0033] Example 10: As Figures 1-5 As shown, in step S1, if the geological conditions are hard rock reefs, the operation of vertically inserting positioning piles 5 using a pile driving boat at the dredging location in step S2 is cancelled, and gravity concrete base 4 is used to sit directly on the bottom, and the anti-slip tooth structure at the bottom of the concrete base 4 is activated. The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: This step reflects the adaptability of this application to complex geological conditions. Under hard rock and reef geology, the cost of piling is extremely high and the difficulty is great. Therefore, the step of planting positioning pile 5 is cancelled. Instead, the huge gravity of the concrete base 4 itself is used as the main anti-overturning moment. The bottom anti-slip tooth structure is used. The tooth tip is embedded in the micro gaps on the surface of the rock and reef or the surface roughness is increased to provide anti-slip friction. This alternative solution avoids unnecessary piling operations without sacrificing structural stability, and significantly reduces the construction cost under specific geological conditions. It reflects the economy and flexibility of the technical solution. If the geological conditions are hard rock and reef, the planting of positioning pile 5 is cancelled. Instead, the gravity concrete base 4 is used to sit directly on the bottom, and the anti-slip tooth structure at the bottom of the concrete base 4 is used.

[0034] It is understood that the present invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steel truss-type large-body bottom-supported net cage system, characterized in that, It includes several polygonal wire mesh units (1), and a floating crossbeam (2) is provided between two adjacent polygonal wire mesh units (1). The polygonal cage unit (1) includes multiple columns (3), the upper ends of which are fixedly connected to the integrated upper beam (6), the lower ends of which are fixed in multiple concrete bases (4), the multiple concrete bases (4) are connected and fixed by a base frame (7), and the concrete bases (4) are fixed to the seabed bearing layer by positioning piles (5).

2. The steel truss type large-body bottom-supported net cage equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated upper beam (6) has a hollow channel inside, which integrates a pedestrian walkway, an automated feeding pipeline, and a power and data cable tray.

3. The steel truss type large-body bottom-supported net cage equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The concrete base (4) has a conical through hole in the center. The bottom of the column (3) is inserted into the conical through hole. The conical connector at the bottom of the column (3) forms a conical fit with the inner wall of the conical through hole.

4. The steel truss type large-body bottom-supported net cage equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the positioning pile (5) is inserted into the conical through hole set in the center of the concrete base (4). The guide cone surface set on the top of the positioning pile (5) forms a tapered fit with the inner wall of the conical through hole. The concrete base (4) and the positioning pile (5) are fixed in a secondary manner by grouting or mechanical pin.

5. The steel truss type large-body bottom-supported net cage equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, Several polygonal cage units (1) are connected end to end by floating beams (2) and arranged in a circular array. Several polygonal cage units (1) enclose the central aquaculture water space. The floating beams (2) are connected to the flanges on the top of the columns (3) by high-strength bolts.

6. The steel truss type large water body bottom-supported cage equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The concrete base (4) is a high-performance marine concrete precast component with an internal cavity or additional pontoon structure to provide buoyancy during installation. The bottom of the concrete base (4) is provided with an anti-slip tooth structure for direct fixation under hard rocky reef geology.

7. A steel truss-type large-body bottom-supported net cage equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The column (3), floating beam (2) and integrated upper beam (6) are all made of Q355B or Q420 marine steel, with an anti-corrosion coating on their surface. The conical connector is made of cast steel. The positioning pile (5) is a steel pipe pile with a diameter range of 800mm to 1500mm.

8. An installation method for a steel truss-type large-body bottom-supported gabion system, applicable to the steel truss-type large-body bottom-supported gabion system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Submarine bed pretreatment: According to the geological survey report, the pre-set concrete base (4) placement point is dredged until a relatively hard bearing layer is exposed; S2. Positioning pile (5) insertion: Positioning pile (5) is vertically inserted into the dredged position using a piling vessel, with the top of the positioning pile (5) protruding a certain height above the seabed; S3. Floating and underwater pile positioning of the underframe system: The concrete base (4) and the underframe (7) are assembled and fixed into an integral frame. The frame is dragged to the predetermined sea area by buoyancy. The integral frame is slowly lowered by adjusting the buoyancy. The cone-shaped through hole in the center of the concrete base (4) is automatically slid into the guide cone surface of the positioning pile (5) to achieve precise positioning without power. S4. Installation and locking of the gabion unit truss: The polygonal gabion unit (1) assembled on the shore foundation is hoisted to the top of the base. The conical connector at the bottom of the column (3) is aligned with the conical through hole. Gravity is used to wedge the column (3) into the hole of the concrete base (4) to form a mechanical self-locking mechanism. S5. Modular expansion: If it is necessary to expand the breeding volume, multiple polygonal cage units (1) are connected in circumferentially by using floating beams (2).

9. The installation method of a steel truss-type large-body bottom-supported gabion equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S3, the sinking speed of the concrete base (4) is controlled to prevent impact damage to the cone surface. The alignment process is monitored by an underwater camera. When the distance between the concrete base (4) and the positioning pile (5) is less than a preset threshold, the anchor tension is adjusted to assist in alignment. The preset threshold is 0.05 meters.

10. The installation method of a steel truss-type large-body bottom-supported gabion equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S1, if the geological conditions are hard rock reefs, the operation of vertically inserting positioning piles (5) using a pile driving boat at the dredging location in step S2 is cancelled, and a gravity concrete base (4) is used to sit directly on the bottom, and the anti-slip tooth structure at the bottom of the concrete base (4) is activated.

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