Compound feed for juvenile Chinese softshell turtles and preparation method of compound feed

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture feeds, and particularly relates to a compound feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles and a preparation method of the compound feed. The compound feed for the juvenile trionyx sinensis is prepared from the following raw materials: white fish meal, cuttlefish liver powder, composite vegetable protein, alpha-starch, fish oil, threonine, methionine, lysine, taurine, a vitamin premix and a mineral premix. By optimizing the components and proportion of the composite vegetable protein, exerting the complementary effect of amino acids and combining with amino acid supplementation, nutrition balance can be achieved, the palatability and digestion and absorption efficiency of the feed are guaranteed through synergism of all the components, and on the premise that the use amount of animal protein is remarkably reduced and the cost is saved, the production cost is reduced. The feeding rate, the feed conversion rate and the stable growth performance of the juvenile Chinese softshell turtles are ensured, and an economical and efficient feed solution is provided for sustainable development of the Chinese softshell turtle breeding industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aquaculture feed technology, specifically relating to a compound feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In the Chinese soft-shelled turtle farming industry, feed costs have long remained high, with excessive use of animal protein (especially imported white fish meal) being the core issue, seriously affecting the sustainable development of the industry.

[0003] Currently, commercially available compound feeds for Chinese soft-shelled turtles generally use white fishmeal as the main protein source, with its addition amount usually exceeding 50%, resulting in a general ratio of animal to plant protein in the feed that is higher than 6:1 (Ren Zelin et al., Feed Industry, 1997, 18 (5): 21-24). In order to reduce dependence on animal protein, some studies have attempted to reduce the ratio of animal to plant protein to 3:1 by improving the process or adding compound plant protein sources (such as soybean meal, corn protein, yeast, etc.) (Jia Yanjun, Effect of animal to plant protein ratio on energy and nitrogen balance of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles [D], Shijiazhuang: Hebei Normal University, 2002; Bao Jie et al., Effect of adding enzymatically hydrolyzed fish lysate powder to low fishmeal feed on growth performance, serum indicators and intestinal health of Chinese soft-shelled turtles [J]). However, these low fishmeal feeds generally have problems such as poor palatability and low feeding rate, which ultimately lead to poor growth performance of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles and make it difficult to promote and apply them in actual breeding.

[0004] The shortcomings of existing compound feed for Chinese soft-shelled turtles are mainly reflected in the following two aspects: First, the proportion of animal protein raw materials in the feed is too high, and most of them rely on imports, which directly leads to a continuous rise in feed prices, significantly increasing breeding costs and seriously restricting the sustainable development of Chinese soft-shelled turtle farming; Second, although plant protein sources (such as soybean meal, rapeseed meal, etc.) are inexpensive and have the potential to replace some animal protein, they have inherent problems such as unbalanced amino acid composition, high content of anti-nutritional factors (such as trypsin inhibitors, glucosinolates, etc.), and poor palatability, which greatly limits their large-scale substitution application in Chinese soft-shelled turtle feed.

[0005] Therefore, developing a compound feed that can reduce the amount of animal protein used, control feed costs, and at the same time not affect or even improve the feeding rate and growth performance of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles has become a technical problem that the Chinese soft-shelled turtle farming industry urgently needs to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on the above technical background, the main objective of this invention is to provide a compound feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles and its preparation method, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention includes:

[0008] The first aspect of this invention is to provide a compound feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles, which is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-45 parts by weight of white fish meal, 2-7 parts by weight of cuttlefish liver meal, 17-45 parts by weight of compound plant protein, 12-21 parts by weight of α-starch, 1-4 parts by weight of fish oil, 0.2-0.5 parts by weight of threonine, 0.1-0.5 parts by weight of methionine, 0.5-1.2 parts by weight of lysine, 0.3-1.2 parts by weight of taurine, 2.1-2.5 parts by weight of vitamin premix, and 7-8.5 parts by weight of mineral premix.

[0009] Preferably, the compound feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28-43 parts by weight of white fish meal, 3-5 parts by weight of cuttlefish liver meal, 20-41 parts by weight of compound plant protein, 13-19 parts by weight of α-starch, 2-3 parts by weight of fish oil, 0.3-0.4 parts by weight of threonine, 0.2-0.4 parts by weight of methionine, 0.6-1.0 parts by weight of lysine, 0.5-1.0 parts by weight of taurine, 2.21-2.4 parts by weight of vitamin premix, and 7.1-8.3 parts by weight of mineral premix.

[0010] More preferably, the compound feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35.5 parts by weight of white fish meal, 4 parts by weight of cuttlefish liver meal, 31 parts by weight of compound plant protein, 15 parts by weight of α-starch, 2 parts by weight of fish oil, 0.37 parts by weight of threonine, 0.3 parts by weight of methionine, 0.8 parts by weight of lysine, 1.0 part by weight of taurine, 2.33 parts by weight of vitamin premix, and 7.7 parts by weight of mineral premix.

[0011] The compound plant protein is obtained by mixing puffed soybeans, corn protein, brewer's yeast and soybean meal in a mass ratio of (6-12):(4-8):(7-14):(3-6).

[0012] Preferably, the composite plant protein is obtained by mixing puffed soybeans, corn protein, brewer's yeast, and soybean meal in a mass ratio of 6:4:7:3.

[0013] The vitamin premix and mineral premix mentioned are commercially available products from Hebei Haitai Technology Co., Ltd., China.

[0014] The raw materials used in this invention have the following functions: White fish meal: White fish meal is high in crude protein and has a complete amino acid composition, containing essential amino acids for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles such as threonine, methionine, lysine, and taurine, which can directly provide sufficient nitrogen source for muscle building and organ development in juvenile turtles. The crude fat in white fish meal is mainly unsaturated fatty acids, which are easily digested and absorbed by juvenile turtles and can be efficiently converted into energy required for metabolism and growth, working synergistically with fish oil to maintain stable feed energy value; at the same time, the natural growth factors and minerals (calcium, phosphorus, etc.) it contains can help juvenile turtles develop bones and build immune function, forming a nutritional complement with vitamin premixes and mineral premixes.

[0015] Cuttlefish liver powder: Rich in unsaturated fatty acids and high-quality protein, with high digestibility and absorption rates of both fat and protein, it can quickly provide energy for the metabolic activities and growth of juvenile soft-shelled turtles. Simultaneously, its protein amino acid composition is well-suited to the needs of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles, supplementing essential amino acids that may be lacking in complex plant proteins, further optimizing the amino acid balance of the formula. Furthermore, cuttlefish liver powder is naturally rich in various vitamins and minerals such as selenium and zinc, complementing the vitamin and mineral premixes in the formula and enhancing the comprehensiveness of nutritional supply. Its natural growth factors and lecithin, among other active ingredients, can stimulate the secretion of digestive enzymes in juvenile turtles, improving the efficiency of intestinal absorption of nutrients.

[0016] Compound Plant Protein: This invention optimizes the composition ratio of compound plant protein, utilizing the complementary effects of amino acid differences among different plant protein sources. Combined with the additional addition of key amino acids such as threonine, methionine, lysine, and taurine, the overall amino acid composition of the feed ultimately matches the theoretical nutritional requirements of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles, ensuring a comprehensive nitrogen supply for their growth. This compound plant protein reduces dependence on animal protein while ensuring balanced feed nutrition and stable breeding results through nutritional synergy and deficiency compensation.

[0017] Alpha-starch: As a high-quality carbohydrate source, alpha-starch provides juvenile turtles with highly efficient and usable energy. Alpha-starch possesses strong hydrophilicity and binding properties. During feed preparation, when mixed with powdered raw materials such as white fish meal and compound plant protein, it forms a stable colloidal structure upon contact with water, tightly binding the components. Especially in processing soft pellet feed, alpha-starch effectively improves pellet formation rate and structural stability, preventing rapid disintegration of the feed upon entering water, reducing nutrient loss, and facilitating feeding for juvenile turtles. The rapid digestibility of alpha-starch reduces the energy consumption of juvenile turtles' intestinal digestion.

[0018] Fish oil: The high-quality fatty acids and energy supply in fish oil compensate for the potential shortcomings in fat nutrition in low-animal-protein formulations, avoiding insufficient fatty acid supply due to reduced white fish meal. Furthermore, its palatability-enhancing and immunomodulatory effects can solve the technical challenges of poor palatability and growth performance, providing a feasible guarantee for the large-scale replacement of animal protein with compound plant protein. The synergistic effect of fish oil with other components ensures that the growth performance of juvenile turtles is not reduced and may even be improved even with reduced animal protein usage.

[0019] Threonine: Threonine is an essential amino acid that juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles cannot synthesize themselves and must obtain from feed. It plays an irreplaceable role in protein synthesis and physiological metabolism. In the formulation of this invention, although the compound plant protein optimizes the amino acid structure through component complementarity, plant protein has the defect of insufficient threonine content, and the amount of white fish meal added is lower than that of traditional feed, resulting in a reduction in the supply of natural threonine. This invention, by adding extra threonine, can precisely fill this amino acid gap, ensuring that juvenile turtles can still obtain sufficient threonine even with a low animal protein ratio, providing the necessary raw materials for protein synthesis processes such as muscle building and organ development.

[0020] Methionine: Methionine can enhance the immunity of juvenile turtles by promoting the synthesis of immune-related proteins such as immunoglobulins and antibodies, and reduce the risk of disease caused by mild stimulation of anti-nutritional factors in compound plant proteins or fluctuations in the breeding environment. At the same time, antioxidants such as glutathione, which it participates in the synthesis of, can enhance the antioxidant capacity of juvenile turtles and reduce the inhibition of growth by stress response.

[0021] Lysine: Lysine is a core raw material for the formation of muscle protein, enzymes, and hormones, and is crucial for muscle building and organ development in juvenile turtles. Sufficient lysine can accelerate protein synthesis and deposition, increasing the growth rate of juvenile turtles. Lysine participates in key processes such as fat metabolism and energy conversion in the body, promoting fat breakdown and utilization, preventing excessive fat deposition in the liver, and protecting the liver function of juvenile turtles. Simultaneously, it can activate the activity of various digestive enzymes, improving the efficiency of intestinal digestion and absorption of protein and carbohydrates in feed.

[0022] Taurine: This invention, by adding taurine, can precisely meet the specific nutritional needs of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles. Simultaneously, taurine, in synergy with threonine, methionine, and lysine, constructs a complete system of "structural amino acids + functional amino acids," ensuring that the amino acid composition of the feed not only meets the needs of protein synthesis but also adapts to the metabolic, immune, and other physiological functional requirements of juvenile turtles, providing crucial assurance for the nutritional comprehensiveness of low-animal-protein formulas.

[0023] Vitamin premix: Vitamins are essential micronutrients for the growth, development, metabolic regulation, and immune system construction of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles. They cannot be synthesized by the turtles themselves or synthesize them in extremely low quantities, and must be obtained from feed. This invention, by adding a vitamin premix, can systematically supplement various essential vitamins, including fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and water-soluble vitamins (B vitamins, C), ensuring a comprehensive and balanced supply of vitamins in the feed. This forms a complete nutritional system with proteins, amino acids, minerals, and other components, preventing problems such as stunted growth and metabolic disorders caused by vitamin deficiencies.

[0024] Mineral premix: It can provide juvenile turtles with the mineral elements necessary for growth, development and physiological metabolism, make up for the lack and imbalance of minerals in the basic raw materials, and at the same time work with other components to enhance the efficiency of nutrient utilization. It is an important support for ensuring the healthy growth and stable physiological function of juvenile turtles under low animal protein formula.

[0025] The second aspect of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a compound feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles as described in the first aspect of this invention, the preparation method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Mix the white fish meal, squid liver meal, compound plant protein, α-starch, threonine, methionine, lysine, taurine, vitamin premix, and mineral premix evenly, then pulverize to obtain a mixed powder. Step 2: Add fish oil to the mixed powder and mix well to obtain the formulated feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles.

[0026] The steps described above are described in detail below.

[0027] In step 1, the material is pulverized to 60-120 mesh, preferably to 80-100 mesh.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing Chinese soft-shelled turtle compound feeds, which rely heavily on imported white fish meal and have an excessively high proportion of animal protein, resulting in high costs. By optimizing the types and proportions of compound plant protein sources, the amount of animal protein raw materials used in the feed is significantly reduced, and the ratio of animal to plant protein is significantly lower than the traditional standard. Specifically, the compound plant protein is made by combining extruded soybeans, corn protein, brewer's yeast, and soybean meal, with a small amount of white fish meal and cuttlefish liver meal to provide animal protein. This significantly reduces the dependence on expensive imported animal protein raw materials while ensuring nutritional supply and the growth performance of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles. At the same time, the plant protein raw materials are inexpensive and widely available, effectively reducing the overall production cost of the feed, alleviating the pressure of high feed costs in the Chinese soft-shelled turtle farming industry, and providing an economically feasible solution for the sustainable development of the industry.

[0029] (2) This invention utilizes the complementary characteristics of amino acid composition of different plant protein sources. The compounded plant protein can make up for the nutritional shortcomings of single plant protein. This invention also specifically adds key amino acids such as threonine, methionine, lysine, and taurine to meet the nutritional balance requirements for the growth and development of Chinese soft-shelled turtles. At the same time, the mixed use of multiple plant protein sources effectively dilutes the anti-nutritional factors in each raw material, reduces their adverse effects on the digestion and absorption of juvenile turtles, and significantly improves the nutritional utilization rate of the feed.

[0030] (3) The compound feed described in this invention significantly improves the economic benefits of Chinese soft-shelled turtle farming by reducing costs and increasing feed utilization, while ensuring the farming effect. The preparation process of this compound feed is simple and can be produced using general aquatic feed processing equipment without additional equipment investment, making it easy to promote and apply on a large scale. At the same time, this invention reduces the consumption of animal protein resources, which is in line with the industry development trend of resource conservation and green farming. It not only provides an efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly feed option for the farming of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles, but also provides a technical solution that can be referenced for the aquaculture industry to reduce its dependence on animal protein and optimize feed formulation. It has broad industry application prospects and promotion value. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in detail, and its features and advantages will become clearer and more apparent from these descriptions.

[0032] Example The present invention is further illustrated below with specific examples. These embodiments are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. All raw materials used in the embodiments of the present invention are commercially available.

[0033] Example 1 A compound feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles, the compound feed being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 43 parts by weight of white fish meal, 5 parts by weight of cuttlefish liver meal, 20 parts by weight of compound plant protein, 19 parts by weight of α-starch, 2 parts by weight of fish oil, 0.35 parts by weight of threonine, 0.24 parts by weight of methionine, 0.6 parts by weight of lysine, 0.5 parts by weight of taurine, 2.21 parts by weight of vitamin premix (purchased from Hebei Haitai Technology Co., Ltd., China), and 7.1 parts by weight of mineral premix (purchased from Hebei Haitai Technology Co., Ltd., China).

[0034] The compound plant protein is obtained by mixing puffed soybeans, corn protein, brewer's yeast, and soybean meal in a mass ratio of 6:4:7:3.

[0035] A method for preparing a compound feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles: Weigh the raw materials according to the above-mentioned weight proportions, mix all raw materials except fish oil evenly, and pulverize them to 80-100 mesh; then add fish oil and mix thoroughly. Process into compound feed soft pellets using general aquatic feed processing equipment and methods.

[0036] Experimental animals: juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtle, with an average weight of 4.85±0.06g.

[0037] Experimental temperature: 30.0±1℃.

[0038] Example 2 A compound feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles, the compound feed being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts by weight of white fish meal, 3 parts by weight of cuttlefish liver meal, 41 parts by weight of compound plant protein, 13 parts by weight of α-starch, 2 parts by weight of fish oil, 0.4 parts by weight of threonine, 0.4 parts by weight of methionine, 1.0 part by weight of lysine, 0.5 parts by weight of taurine, 2.4 parts by weight of vitamin premix (purchased from Hebei Haitai Technology Co., Ltd., China), and 8.3 parts by weight of mineral premix (purchased from Hebei Haitai Technology Co., Ltd., China).

[0039] The compound plant protein is obtained by mixing puffed soybeans, corn protein, brewer's yeast, and soybean meal in a mass ratio of 6:4:7:3.

[0040] A method for preparing a compound feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles: Weigh the raw materials according to the above-mentioned weight proportions, mix all raw materials except fish oil evenly, and pulverize them to 80-100 mesh; then add fish oil and mix thoroughly. Process into compound feed soft pellets using general aquatic feed processing equipment and methods.

[0041] Experimental animals: juvenile Chinese softshell turtle, with an average weight of 4.81±0.06g.

[0042] Experimental temperature: 30.0±1℃.

[0043] Example 3 A compound feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles, the compound feed being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35.5 parts by weight of white fish meal, 4 parts by weight of cuttlefish liver meal, 31 parts by weight of compound plant protein, 15 parts by weight of α-starch, 2 parts by weight of fish oil, 0.37 parts by weight of threonine, 0.3 parts by weight of methionine, 0.8 parts by weight of lysine, 1.0 part by weight of taurine, 2.33 parts by weight of vitamin premix (purchased from Hebei Haitai Technology Co., Ltd., China), and 7.7 parts by weight of mineral premix (purchased from Hebei Haitai Technology Co., Ltd., China).

[0044] The compound plant protein is obtained by mixing puffed soybeans, corn protein, brewer's yeast, and soybean meal in a mass ratio of 6:4:7:3.

[0045] A method for preparing a compound feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles: Weigh the raw materials according to the above-mentioned weight proportions, mix all raw materials except fish oil evenly, and pulverize them to 80-100 mesh; then add fish oil and mix thoroughly. Process into compound feed soft pellets using general aquatic feed processing equipment and methods.

[0046] Experimental animal: juvenile Chinese softshell turtle, average weight 31.01±1.94g Experimental temperature: 30.0±1℃ Comparative Example 1 A compound feed (conventional feed) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 49 parts by weight of white fish meal, 5.84 parts by weight of squid liver meal, 12 parts by weight of compound plant protein, 21 parts by weight of α-starch, 2 parts by weight of fish oil, 0.32 parts by weight of threonine, 0.22 parts by weight of methionine, 0.52 parts by weight of lysine, 2.1 parts by weight of vitamin premix (purchased from Hebei Haitai Technology Co., Ltd., China), and 7.0 parts by weight of mineral premix (purchased from Hebei Haitai Technology Co., Ltd., China).

[0047] The compound plant protein is obtained by mixing puffed soybeans, corn protein, brewer's yeast, and soybean meal in a mass ratio of 6:4:7:3.

[0048] Preparation method: Weigh the raw materials according to the above-mentioned weight proportions, mix all raw materials except fish oil evenly, and pulverize to 80-100 mesh; then add fish oil and stir thoroughly. Process into compound feed soft pellets using general aquatic feed processing equipment and methods.

[0049] Experimental Example Experimental Example 1: Nutritional Element Testing and Analysis The nutritional elements of the compound feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles in Comparative Example 1, Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3 were tested respectively, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Table 1 Main nutritional composition of each feed

[0051] As can be seen from Table 1, the crude protein, crude fat, and energy values ​​of the compound feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles described in Examples 1 to 3 are similar to those of Comparative Example 1. This indicates that the present invention can achieve the crude protein and crude fat content of conventional feeds while reducing animal protein content, and its energy value is also similar to that of conventional feeds. This shows that the compound feed described in the present invention can meet the growth requirements of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles.

[0052] Experimental Example 2: Feeding Results Under the same conditions, juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles with average weights of 4.82±0.10g, 4.85±0.06g, and 4.81±0.06g, respectively, were fed with the formulated feeds of Comparative Example 1, Example 1, and Example 2 at a temperature of 30.0±1℃. Nine replicates were set up for each feed group, and the turtles were fed continuously for 8 weeks. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0053] Table 2

[0054] Note: Data in the same row without superscripts indicates that there are no significant differences between processing methods.

[0055] Specific growth rate (% / d) = (Ln final body weight - Ln initial body weight) / number of days of rearing × 100; Feed intake rate (% / d) = Total feed intake / ((Initial body weight + Final body weight) / 2) / Number of days of rearing; Feed conversion ratio = feed amount / (final body weight - initial body weight).

[0056] As shown in Table 2, the specific growth rate of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles fed with the formulated feeds of Examples 1 and 2 was similar to that of Comparative Example 1. The feed intake rate of the juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles fed with Examples 1 and 2 was significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 1, and the feed conversion ratio of Example 2 was higher than that of Comparative Example 1. These results indicate that feeding with the formulated feed described in this invention can improve the feed conversion ratio and feed intake rate, and the specific growth rate after feeding is similar to that of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles fed with conventional feed.

[0057] Experimental Example 3: Feeding Results Under the same conditions, juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles with average weights of 31.11±1.88 and 31.01±1.94 g were fed with the formulated feeds described in Comparative Example 1 and Example 3, respectively. Nine replicates were set for each feed group, and the feeding was carried out continuously for 8 weeks. The feeding results are shown in Table 3.

[0058] Table 3

[0059] Superscript " in the same row of data "" indicates a significant difference from the control group (T-test, P<0.05).

[0060] Specific growth rate (% / d) = (Ln final body weight - Ln initial body weight) / number of days of rearing × 100.

[0061] Feed intake rate (% / d) = Total feed intake / ((Initial body weight + Final body weight) / 2) / Number of days of rearing.

[0062] Feed conversion ratio = feed amount / (final body weight - initial body weight).

[0063] As shown in Table 3, the specific growth rate of the feed described in Example 3 was significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 1, while the feed intake rate was similar to that of Comparative Example 1. The feed conversion ratio of Example 3 was lower than that of Comparative Example 1. These results indicate that feeding with the feed described in this invention can significantly improve the specific growth rate of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles.

[0064] In summary, the low animal-to-plant protein ratio formulated feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles in Examples 1 and 2 of this invention showed no significant difference in feeding effect compared with the high animal-to-plant protein ratio control feed; however, the formulated feed described in Example 3 showed significantly better feeding effect than the high animal-to-plant protein ratio control feed.

[0065] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to specific embodiments and exemplary examples; however, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that various equivalent substitutions, modifications, or improvements can be made to the technical solutions and embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A formulated feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles, characterized in that, The formulated feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-45 parts by weight of white fish meal, 2-7 parts by weight of cuttlefish liver meal, 17-45 parts by weight of compound plant protein, 12-21 parts by weight of α-starch, 1-4 parts by weight of fish oil, 0.2-0.5 parts by weight of threonine, 0.1-0.5 parts by weight of methionine, 0.5-1.2 parts by weight of lysine, 0.3-1.2 parts by weight of taurine, 2.1-2.5 parts by weight of vitamin premix, and 7.0-8.5 parts by weight of mineral premix.

2. The formulated feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formulated feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28-43 parts by weight of white fish meal, 3-5 parts by weight of cuttlefish liver meal, 20-41 parts by weight of compound plant protein, 13-19 parts by weight of α-starch, 2-3 parts by weight of fish oil, 0.3-0.4 parts by weight of threonine, 0.2-0.4 parts by weight of methionine, 0.6-1.0 parts by weight of lysine, 0.5-1.0 parts by weight of taurine, 2.21-2.4 parts by weight of vitamin premix, and 7.1-8.3 parts by weight of mineral premix.

3. The formulated feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The formulated feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35.5 parts by weight of white fish meal, 4 parts by weight of cuttlefish liver meal, 31 parts by weight of compound plant protein, 15 parts by weight of α-starch, 2 parts by weight of fish oil, 0.37 parts by weight of threonine, 0.3 parts by weight of methionine, 0.8 parts by weight of lysine, 1.0 part by weight of taurine, 2.33 parts by weight of vitamin premix, and 7.7 parts by weight of mineral premix.

4. The formulated feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound plant protein is obtained by mixing puffed soybeans, corn protein, brewer's yeast and soybean meal in a mass ratio of (6-12):(4-8):(7-14):(3-6).

5. The formulated feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The compound plant protein is obtained by mixing puffed soybeans, corn protein, brewer's yeast, and soybean meal in a mass ratio of 6:4:7:

3.

6. A method for preparing a compound feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: Step 1: Mix the white fish meal, squid liver meal, compound plant protein, α-starch, threonine, methionine, lysine, taurine, vitamin premix, and mineral premix evenly, then pulverize to obtain a mixed powder. Step 2: Add fish oil to the mixed powder and mix well to obtain the formulated feed for juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 1, the white fish meal, squid liver meal, compound plant protein, α-starch, threonine, methionine, lysine, taurine, vitamin premix, and mineral premix are mixed evenly and then pulverized to 60-120 mesh.

Images