Golden silk jujube polysaccharide powder prepared by combining alkali extraction and alcohol precipitation with spray drying as well as preparation method and application of golden silk jujube polysaccharide powder
By combining alkali extraction and alcohol precipitation with spray drying, the preparation process of jujube polysaccharide powder was optimized, solving the problem of preparing high-quality and high-efficiency polysaccharide powder in the existing technology, and realizing simple and efficient industrial production and product application.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- QINGDAO AGRI UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies make it difficult to prepare high-quality, high-efficiency jujube polysaccharide powder in large-scale industrial production. Common drying methods, such as hot air drying and freeze drying, have their own drawbacks, such as high temperature damaging the polysaccharide structure or complex operation and high cost.
A method combining alkali extraction, alcohol precipitation, and spray drying was adopted to extract polysaccharides from jujube using an alkaline solvent, followed by ethanol precipitation and spray drying. By optimizing process parameters such as the material-to-liquid ratio, water bath temperature, heating time, type of excipients, and spray drying conditions, polysaccharide powder with uniform particle size, easy solubility, and stable activity was prepared.
A simple and efficient method for preparing polysaccharide powder has been achieved, which is suitable for large-scale production. The polysaccharide powder has uniform particle size, good flowability, and stable active ingredients, making it suitable for food or pharmaceutical processing and providing a theoretical basis for high-value utilization.
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Figure CN121818697A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of food processing technology, specifically relating to a polysaccharide powder of jujube prepared by alkali extraction, alcohol precipitation and spray drying, its preparation method and application. Background Technology
[0002] Golden thread jujube, belonging to the genus Ziziphus of the family Rhamnaceae, is a deciduous tree with both medicinal and edible properties. It possesses medicinal effects such as benefiting the heart, moistening the lungs, harmonizing the spleen, strengthening the stomach, replenishing qi and promoting body fluids, nourishing blood, and calming the mind. It has good therapeutic effects on anemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Golden thread jujube contains abundant bioactive components, such as polysaccharides, flavonoids, phenolic substances, triterpenoids, and cyclic nucleotides. Polysaccharides, as one of the main bioactive components of golden thread jujube, have biological effects such as immunomodulation, antioxidation, antitumor, hypoglycemic effects, and gastrointestinal protection, possessing high medicinal value and development potential.
[0003] Alkaline extraction involves adding alkaline substances such as NaOH to the extract to break down the cell walls of the raw material, allowing substances in the cell sap to dissolve better in the extract. This facilitates the dissolution of acidic polysaccharides, breaks down the binding of polysaccharides with other substances, and helps decompose and remove some protein impurities, thereby increasing the polysaccharide extraction rate. Combined with an ethanol precipitation step, the polysaccharides in the extract are precipitated, thereby removing other impurities such as proteins and starches, effectively improving the purity of the crude polysaccharide.
[0004] Common drying methods in polysaccharide preparation include hot air drying, freeze drying, and sometimes vacuum freeze drying. Hot air drying is the most widely used method in the food industry due to its simplicity, fast drying rate, and low cost. However, the high temperature can damage the polysaccharide structure, leading to a decrease in its biological activity. Vacuum freeze drying removes water from the substance through sublimation in a low-temperature vacuum environment, avoiding oxidation caused by contact with oxygen. The low temperature environment also prevents damage to the polysaccharide structure, resulting in high-quality polysaccharides. However, freeze drying is complex to operate, has a long production cycle, and high production costs in industrial production, making it unsuitable for large-scale industrial production. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a sophisticated process to prepare high-quality, high-efficiency jujube polysaccharide powder. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing jujube polysaccharide powder by combining alkali extraction, alcohol precipitation, and spray drying, as well as its application. This invention optimizes the process for preparing jujube polysaccharide powder, resulting in a simple, easily promoted method that produces jujube polysaccharide powder with uniform particle size, easy solubility, good flowability, and stable active ingredients. This provides a new approach for the high-quality and efficient preparation of jujube polysaccharide powder, which is beneficial for its future application.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:
[0007] This invention provides a method for preparing polysaccharide powder from jujube, the method comprising the following steps:
[0008] (1) Dry and pulverize the jujubes, and then degrease them to obtain jujube powder;
[0009] (2) Mix the jujube powder with an alkaline solvent, heat the mixture in a water bath, and collect the supernatant by centrifugation;
[0010] (3) The supernatant was added to an ethanol solution for alcohol precipitation to obtain the polysaccharide precipitate of jujube;
[0011] (4) The polysaccharide precipitate of the golden thread jujube is re-dissolved to prepare a polysaccharide aqueous solution, and excipients are added to it. The polysaccharide aqueous solution containing excipients is spray-dried to obtain golden thread jujube polysaccharide powder.
[0012] Furthermore, the ratio of the jujube powder to the alkaline solvent is 1:10~30.
[0013] Furthermore, the pH value of the alkaline solvent is 9-12.
[0014] Furthermore, the conditions for water bath heating include: water bath temperature of 60~90℃ and heating time of 2~4 hours.
[0015] Furthermore, the alcohol precipitation time is 24-36 hours.
[0016] Furthermore, the mass-volume percentage of the jujube polysaccharide contained in the polysaccharide aqueous solution is 20-30%.
[0017] Furthermore, the excipients include at least one of maltodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, and soluble starch, and the amount of the excipients added is 2-10%.
[0018] Furthermore, in the spray drying process, the feed flow rate is 1~3 mL / min and the inlet air temperature is 120~180℃.
[0019] Furthermore, the optimized preparation method of jujube polysaccharide powder includes the following steps:
[0020] (1) Dry and pulverize the jujubes, and soak the jujube powder in an ethanol solution for degreasing treatment to obtain jujube powder;
[0021] (2) The jujube powder is mixed with an alkaline solvent with pH 11. The ratio of the mixture to the liquid is 1:25. After mixing, the mixture is heated in a water bath at 80°C for 3 hours for extraction. After extraction, the mixture is centrifuged at 10000 r / min for 10 minutes to obtain the supernatant.
[0022] (3) Add the supernatant to a 90% ethanol solution for alcohol precipitation. The volume of the ethanol solution is 3 times the volume of the supernatant. Place it in a refrigerator at 4°C for 24 h. After the alcohol precipitation is completed, discard the supernatant at 10000 r / min, collect the precipitate, dry the precipitate at 50°C for 2 h, and evaporate the residual ethanol to obtain the polysaccharide precipitate of jujube.
[0023] (4) The polysaccharide precipitate of the golden thread jujube is re-dissolved to prepare a 20% polysaccharide aqueous solution, and 8% maltodextrin is added to it. The polysaccharide aqueous solution containing excipients is spray-dried. The air inlet temperature in the spray drying is 160℃ and the feed flow rate is 2 mL / min to obtain golden thread jujube polysaccharide powder.
[0024] The present invention also provides the polysaccharide powder of jujube prepared by the above preparation method.
[0025] Furthermore, the viscosity of the jujube polysaccharide powder is 300-400 mPa·s.
[0026] The present invention also provides the application of the aforementioned jujube polysaccharide powder in the preparation of biological agents that enhance immune function, fight tumors, or regulate the gastrointestinal tract.
[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0028] 1. This invention uses a combination of alkali extraction, alcohol precipitation, and spray drying to prepare jujube polysaccharide powder. Spray drying offers rapid drying capabilities, with short heating times, maximizing the protection of the structure and bioactivity of heat-labile components. The entire system is closed during spray drying, effectively preventing polysaccharide oxidation and external contamination. Furthermore, spray drying integrates extraction concentration, drying, and pulverization, greatly simplifying the drying process. It is easy to operate, low-cost, and highly efficient, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production. Additionally, the jujube polysaccharide powder prepared by spray drying is a uniform powder with good solubility, making it suitable as a raw material for food or pharmaceutical production. This further provides a theoretical basis for the high-value utilization of jujube and the development of related functional products.
[0029] 2. This invention uses alcohol precipitation to precipitate polysaccharides from the extract of jujube, which can remove small molecules such as starch, protein, and monosaccharides from the extract.
[0030] 3. This invention provides a method for preparing jujube polysaccharide powder using an alkaline extraction combined with spray drying. The method uses spray drying to prepare the jujube polysaccharide powder. Through single-factor experiments, the optimal extraction conditions for jujube polysaccharide were determined: a water bath heating temperature of 80 ℃, a pH of 11, a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:25, and a water bath heating time of 3 h. Under these conditions, the polysaccharide extraction rate was 11.25%. Simultaneously, this invention, through single-factor experiments, determined the optimal spray drying process: maltodextrin as the excipient, with an addition amount of 8%, a feed flow rate of 2 mL / min, and an inlet air temperature of 160 ℃. Under these conditions, the powder collection rate was 53.71%. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Figure 1 To investigate the effect of extraction temperature on the yield of polysaccharides from jujube.
[0032] Figure 2 The effect of pH on the yield of polysaccharides from jujube.
[0033] Figure 3 The effect of the material-to-liquid ratio on the yield of polysaccharides from jujube.
[0034] Figure 4 To investigate the effect of extraction time on the yield of polysaccharides from jujube.
[0035] Figure 5 The effect of the type of excipients on the powder collection rate of spray-dried jujube polysaccharide powder.
[0036] Figure 6 The effect of the amount of excipients added on the powder collection rate of spray-dried jujube polysaccharide powder.
[0037] Figure 7 The effect of inlet air temperature on the powder collection rate of spray-dried jujube polysaccharide powder.
[0038] Figure 8 The effect of feed flow rate on the powder collection rate of spray-dried jujube polysaccharide powder.
[0039] Figure 9 Comparison of jujube polysaccharide powders dried using different methods.
[0040] Figure 10 The effect of drying method on the solubility of jujube polysaccharide powder.
[0041] Figure 11 The effect of drying method on the oil holding capacity of jujube polysaccharide powder.
[0042] Figure 12 The effect of drying method on the foaming properties of jujube polysaccharide powder.
[0043] Figure 13The effect of drying method on the foam stability of jujube polysaccharide powder.
[0044] Figure 14 The effect of drying method on the viscosity of jujube polysaccharide powder. Detailed Implementation
[0045] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments are merely illustrative examples of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. All equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art in accordance with the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0046] Unless otherwise specified in the examples, the procedures should be performed under standard conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available products.
[0047] The ratio of the jujube powder to the alkaline solvent in this invention is a mass-to-volume ratio, where the mass of the jujube powder is in grams and the volume of the alkaline solvent is in milliliters.
[0048] The mass-volume percentage of the jujube polysaccharide described in this invention is the ratio of the mass of the jujube polysaccharide to the volume of the corresponding polysaccharide aqueous solution. The mass unit of the jujube polysaccharide is g, and the volume unit of the polysaccharide aqueous solution is mL.
[0049] The amount of excipients added in this invention is based on the mass-volume percentage of the corresponding excipient's mass to the volume of the polysaccharide aqueous solution after the polysaccharide precipitate is reconstituted. The mass unit of the excipient is g, and the volume unit of the polysaccharide aqueous solution is mL.
[0050] Example 1: Alkali extraction of polysaccharides from jujubes
[0051] 1. Effect of extraction temperature on the extraction rate of polysaccharides from jujube.
[0052] Jujube powder was obtained by drying, pulverizing, and sieving the jujubes. The jujube powder was then soaked in an ethanol solution for defatting, resulting in jujube powder, which was stored at room temperature for later use. The pretreated jujube powder was mixed with an alkaline solvent of pH 11 at a ratio of 1:20. The mixture was then heated in water baths at 60, 70, 80, and 90 °C for 3 h for extraction. After extraction, the mixture was centrifuged at 10000 r / min for 10 min to obtain the supernatant. The supernatant was collected and precipitated with 90% ethanol solution at three times its volume. The mixture was placed in a refrigerator at 4 °C for 24 h. After precipitation, the supernatant was discarded at 10000 r / min, and the precipitate was collected. The precipitate was dried at 50 °C for 2 h to evaporate the residual ethanol, yielding the jujube polysaccharide precipitate. The experimental results are shown in […]. Figure 1 The highest extraction yield was achieved at an extraction temperature of 80 ℃.
[0053] 2. Effect of pH on the extraction rate of polysaccharides from jujube.
[0054] Jujube powder was obtained by drying, pulverizing, and sieving the jujubes. The jujube powder was then soaked in an ethanol solution for defatting, resulting in jujube powder, which was stored at room temperature for later use. The pretreated jujube powder was mixed with alkaline solvents with pH values of 9, 10, 11, and 12, respectively, at a ratio of 1:20. The mixture was then heated in an 80°C water bath for 3 hours for extraction. After extraction, the mixture was centrifuged at 10,000 r / min for 10 minutes to obtain the supernatant. The supernatant was collected and precipitated with 90% ethanol solution at three times its volume. The mixture was placed in a refrigerator at 4°C for 24 hours. After precipitation, the supernatant was discarded at 10,000 r / min, and the precipitate was collected. The precipitate was dried at 50°C for 2 hours, and the residual ethanol was evaporated to obtain the jujube polysaccharide precipitate. The experimental results are shown in […]. Figure 2 The highest extraction yield of polysaccharides from jujube was observed when the solution pH was 11.
[0055] 3. Effect of material-to-liquid ratio on the extraction rate of polysaccharides from jujube.
[0056] Jujube powder was obtained by drying, pulverizing, and sieving. The jujube powder was then soaked in an ethanol solution for defatting, yielding jujube powder, which was stored at room temperature for later use. The pretreated jujube powder was mixed with alkaline solvents (pH 11) at ratios of 1:10, 1:15, 1:20, 1:25, and 1:30. The mixture was then heated in an 80°C water bath for 3 hours for extraction. After extraction, the mixture was centrifuged at 10000 r / min for 10 minutes to obtain the supernatant. The supernatant was collected, and three times its volume of 90% ethanol solution was added for alcohol precipitation. The mixture was placed in a 4°C refrigerator for 24 hours. After precipitation, the supernatant was discarded at 10000 r / min, and the precipitate was collected. The precipitate was dried at 50°C for 2 hours, and the residual ethanol was evaporated to obtain the jujube polysaccharide precipitate. Experimental results are shown below. Figure 3 The highest extraction yield of polysaccharides from jujube was achieved when the material-to-liquid ratio was 1:25.
[0057] 4. Effect of extraction time on the extraction rate of polysaccharides from jujube.
[0058] Jujube powder was obtained by drying, pulverizing, and sieving the jujubes. The jujube powder was then soaked in an ethanol solution for defatting, resulting in jujube powder, which was stored at room temperature for later use. The pretreated jujube powder was mixed with an alkaline solvent (pH 11) at a ratio of 1:25. The mixture was then heated in an 80 °C water bath for 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, and 4 h for extraction. After extraction, the mixture was centrifuged at 10,000 r / min for 10 min to obtain the supernatant. The supernatant was collected and precipitated with 90% ethanol solution at a volume three times that of the supernatant. The precipitate was placed in a 4 °C refrigerator for 24 h, collected, and dried to obtain the jujube polysaccharide precipitate. The experimental results are shown in […]. Figure 4 The highest extraction yield of polysaccharides from jujube was achieved when the water bath heating time was 3 hours.
[0059] Based on the above single-factor experiments, the optimal extraction process for jujube polysaccharide was determined to be: a water bath temperature of 80 ℃, an alkaline solvent pH of 11, a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:25, and a water bath heating time of 3 h. Under these optimal extraction conditions, the extraction yield of jujube polysaccharide was 11.25%.
[0060] Example 2: Preparation of spray-dried jujube polysaccharide powder
[0061] The polysaccharide precipitate of jujube described in this embodiment was prepared using the optimized process described in Example 1 (i.e., water bath temperature of 80°C, pH of alkaline solvent of 11, material-to-liquid ratio of 1:25, and water bath heating time of 3 h).
[0062] 1. The effect of auxiliary material selection on the powder collection rate of spray-dried jujube powder
[0063] Jujube polysaccharide was precipitated and redissolved to form a 20% (w / v) polysaccharide aqueous solution. Excipients, namely maltodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, and soluble starch, were added at a dosage of 6% and mixed thoroughly. Spray drying was performed at an inlet air temperature of 160 ℃ and a feed flow rate of 2 mL / min. After drying, the jujube polysaccharide powder in the collection chamber was collected. Experimental results are shown below. Figure 5 When maltodextrin is selected as the excipient, the powder collection rate of jujube polysaccharide is the highest.
[0064] 2. Effect of excipient addition amount on powder collection rate of spray-dried jujube powder
[0065] Jujube polysaccharide was precipitated and redissolved to form a 20% (w / v) polysaccharide aqueous solution. Maltodextrin was used as an excipient, and the excipients were mixed evenly at addition rates of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10%, respectively. Spray drying was performed at an inlet air temperature of 160 °C and a feed flow rate of 2 mL / min. After drying, the jujube polysaccharide powder in the collection chamber was collected. Experimental results are shown below. Figure 6 When the amount of excipients added is 8%, the powder collection rate of jujube polysaccharide is the highest.
[0066] 3. Effect of inlet air temperature on the powder collection rate of spray-dried jujube powder
[0067] Jujube polysaccharide was precipitated and redissolved to form a 20% (w / v) polysaccharide aqueous solution. Maltodextrin was added at 8% of this solution and mixed thoroughly. Spray drying was then performed at inlet air temperatures of 120℃, 140℃, 160℃, and 180℃, with a feed flow rate of 2 mL / min. After drying, the jujube polysaccharide powder in the collection chamber was collected. Experimental results are shown below. Figure 7 When the inlet air temperature is 160℃, the powder collection rate of jujube polysaccharide is the highest.
[0068] 4. Effect of feed flow rate on powder collection rate of spray-dried jujube powder
[0069] Jujube polysaccharide precipitate was redissolved to form a 20% polysaccharide aqueous solution. Maltodextrin was added at an 8% addition rate and mixed thoroughly. Spray drying was performed at an inlet air temperature of 160 ℃ and feed flow rates of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 mL / min. After drying, the jujube polysaccharide powder in the collection chamber was collected. Experimental results are shown below. Figure 8 At that time, the feed flow rate was 2 mL / min, and the powder collection rate of jujube polysaccharide was the highest.
[0070] Based on the above single-factor experiments, the optimal preparation process for spray-dried jujube polysaccharide powder was determined to be maltodextrin as the excipient, with an addition amount of 8%, an air inlet temperature of 160℃, a feed flow rate of 2 mL / min, and a powder collection rate of 53.71% for the jujube polysaccharide powder.
[0071] Example 3: Comparison of the physicochemical properties of jujube polysaccharide powder dried using different methods
[0072] 1. Preparation of Jujube Polysaccharide Powder by Different Drying Methods
[0073] At a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:25, the pretreated jujube powder was added to an alkaline solvent with a pH of 11 and extracted at 80℃ for 3 h. The mixture was then centrifuged at 10000 r / min for 10 min to obtain the supernatant. A 90% ethanol solution was added, with the volume of the ethanol solution being three times that of the supernatant. After standing at 4℃ for 24 h, the supernatant was discarded at 10000 r / min, retaining the jujube polysaccharide precipitate.
[0074] Golden thread jujube polysaccharide powder was prepared using different drying methods:
[0075] (1) Hot air drying: The polysaccharide of jujube was precipitated at 80℃ and dried for 24 h to obtain hot air dried jujube polysaccharide.
[0076] (2) Freeze-drying: The polysaccharide precipitate of jujube was redissolved into a 20% polysaccharide aqueous solution and dried at -65℃ and vacuum degree 100Pa for 72 h to obtain freeze-dried jujube polysaccharide.
[0077] (3) Spray drying: Spray-dried jujube polysaccharide was prepared using the optimized spray drying process in Example 2 (the excipient was maltodextrin, the amount added was 8%, the air inlet temperature was 160℃, and the feed flow rate was 2 mL / min).
[0078] The appearance of jujube polysaccharide powder obtained by different drying methods is as follows: Figure 9 As shown.
[0079] 2. Determination of the physicochemical properties of jujube polysaccharide powder dried using different methods
[0080] (1) Determination of solubility
[0081] Using commercially available jujube polysaccharides as a reference, jujube polysaccharides prepared by different drying methods were weighed, and the weight was recorded as m. 10 mL of distilled water was added, and the mixture was stirred until fully dissolved for 30 min. The supernatant was collected by centrifugation and dried at 50 ℃ for 2 h, and the weight was recorded as m0. The solubility of the jujube polysaccharides was calculated using the following formula.
[0082]
[0083] Solubility by Figure 10 It can be seen that the four types of jujube polysaccharides all have good water solubility, but there are subtle differences. The reason may be that different drying methods change the chemical structure of the polysaccharides, exposing more hydrophilic groups. These hydrophilic groups combine with water molecules to form a hydrogen bond network, which increases the solubility of the polysaccharides.
[0084] (2) Determination of oil holding capacity
[0085] Using commercially available jujube polysaccharides as a reference, jujube polysaccharides prepared by different drying methods were weighed, and the weight was recorded as m. Then, 10 mL of soybean oil was added to each sample and mixed thoroughly at room temperature for 2 h. After centrifugation, the remaining soybean oil was poured off, and the mixture was dried at 50℃ for 30 min. The weight was recorded as M. The oil-holding capacity of the jujube polysaccharides was calculated according to the following formula:
[0086]
[0087] Depend on Figure 11 It was found that the oil-holding capacity of freeze-dried jujube polysaccharides was significantly higher than that of other jujube polysaccharides, reaching 3.41 g / g. This is attributed to the fact that freeze-drying removes water through sublimation, a process that significantly affects the microstructure of the polysaccharides, creating a porous and loose structure that increases their oil adsorption capacity. The oil-holding capacity of spray-dried jujube polysaccharides was 1.64 g / g, superior to that of hot-air dried and commercially available jujube polysaccharides. The addition of maltodextrin to the spray-dried polysaccharides enhanced the polysaccharide network structure and improved their oil adsorption capacity.
[0088] (3) Determination of foaming properties and foam stability
[0089] Using commercially available jujube polysaccharides as a reference, jujube polysaccharides prepared by different drying methods were weighed and prepared into 10 mg / mL sample solutions. 20 mL of each sample solution was added to a centrifuge tube, homogenized (8000 rpm, 1 min), and the volume V was recorded. t After standing for 30 minutes, its volume V was recorded again. T Foaming properties and foam stability are calculated using the following formula.
[0090]
[0091] according to Figure 12-13 It can be seen that the polysaccharide of jujube obtained by spray drying has the best foaming properties and foam stability, which are 11.25% and 8.75% respectively. This is due to the addition of maltodextrin to the spray-dried jujube polysaccharide, which leads to an increase in the viscosity of the polysaccharide and thus improves its foaming properties and foam stability.
[0092] (4) Viscosity determination
[0093] The apparent viscosity of polysaccharide solutions at different shear rates was determined using a rheometer. A steady-state shear program and a 40 mm plate were selected, with shear rate, spacing, and test temperature set to 0.01–150 s⁻¹. -1 The sample was prepared at 1000 μm and 25 °C. The polysaccharide was a 1.0% aqueous solution.
[0094] according to Figure 14 It is evident that the viscosity of the spray-dried jujube polysaccharide powder, at 319.63 mPa·s, is significantly higher than that of the other jujube polysaccharides. This is attributed to the addition of maltodextrin to the solution during spray drying, which alters the rheological properties of the polysaccharide solution. Maltodextrin interacts with polysaccharide molecules through hydrogen bonds or hydrophobic interactions, forming a more complex network structure that increases fluid resistance, thus leading to higher viscosity. In contrast, the freeze-dried jujube polysaccharide has the lowest viscosity among the four polysaccharides, at 80.57 mPa·s. This is because freeze-drying removes water through sublimation, weakening the hydrogen bond network between polysaccharide molecules and resulting in reduced intermolecular forces, manifested as a decrease in viscosity.
[0095] The present invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing polysaccharide powder from jujube, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) Dry and pulverize the jujubes, and then degrease them to obtain jujube powder; (2) Mix the jujube powder with an alkaline solvent, heat the mixture in a water bath, and collect the supernatant by centrifugation; (3) The supernatant was added to an ethanol solution for alcohol precipitation to obtain the polysaccharide precipitate of jujube; (4) The polysaccharide precipitate of the golden thread jujube is re-dissolved to prepare a polysaccharide aqueous solution, and excipients are added to it for spray drying. The air inlet temperature and feed flow rate are controlled. After drying, golden thread jujube polysaccharide powder is obtained.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the jujube powder to the alkaline solvent is 1:10~30.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pH value of the alkaline solvent is 10-12.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conditions for water bath heating include: water bath temperature of 70~90℃ and heating time of 2~4 h.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polysaccharide aqueous solution contains 20-30% by mass and volume of jujube polysaccharide.
6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed flow rate in the spray drying process is 1~3 mL / min, and the inlet air temperature is 120~180℃.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excipients include at least one of maltodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, and soluble starch, and the amount of the excipients added is 2-10%.
8. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The optimized preparation method of jujube polysaccharide powder includes: the ratio of jujube powder to alkaline solvent is 1:25, the pH value of alkaline solvent is 11, the water bath heating conditions are: water bath temperature is 80℃, heating time is 3 h, the inlet air temperature in spray drying is 160℃, the feed flow rate is 2 mL / min, the excipient is maltodextrin, and the amount of excipient added is 8%.
9. Jujube polysaccharide powder prepared by any one of the preparation methods according to claims 1 to 7.
10. The use of the jujube polysaccharide powder according to claim 9 in the preparation of biological agents that enhance immune function, fight tumors, or regulate the gastrointestinal tract.