Laboratory mill

Abstract

The invention relates to a laboratory mill (1), in particular in the form of a cutting mill or an impact cross mill, for comminuting ground material, comprising a device housing (12) having a grinder housing (16), the grinder housing (16) defining a grinding chamber (32) and having an axial end face (16a), a rotor grinder (30), which is located in the grinding chamber (32) of the grinder housing (16), the invention relates to a rotor grinding machine (30) comprising a rotor (34) and at least one mating element (36), the rotor (34) defining a rotor axis (X), between which material to be ground is comminuted when the rotor (34) is rotated, a grinding machine drive (2, 4) for driving the rotor (34) within a grinding chamber (32), a grinding machine housing door (18) for closing the grinding machine housing (16) on an axial end face (16a), the at least one mating element (36) being axially insertable into the grinding machine housing (36) when the grinding machine housing door (18) is opened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a laboratory mill, particularly a laboratory-scale cutting mill or impact cross mill, which has a grinding machine in which the material is pulverized, for example by cutting action and / or impact action, in the grinding gap between the grinding machine rotor and one or more stationary mating elements. Background Technology

[0002] A cutting and grinding mill pulverizes material in a grinding gap extending axially between a rotating cutting rotor and one or more stationary, generally axially extending, mating cutting edges, according to the shearing principle. The cutting rotor has one or more rotor cutting edges that also extend generally axially. This type of laboratory cutting and grinding mill is particularly suitable for pulverizing viscous or fibrous samples, such as biological samples like straw or, for example, plastic films, to name a few. Examples of current laboratory cutting and grinding mills include, for example, the applicant's PULVERISETTE® 19 and PULVERISETTE® 15, the basic structure of which is described herein. Product specifications for the PULVERISETTE® 19 and PULVERISETTE® 15 can be found, for example, at www.fritsch.de.

[0003] In these laboratory-scale cutting mills, loose material that is more or less flowable is typically injected into the grinding chamber, for example, through a feed funnel, where a cutting rotor rotates about a horizontal axis. The cutting rotor can have different geometries, such as having straight cutting edges or so-called V-shaped cutting edges. The latter has vortexes and thus achieves good cutting action, especially when crushing viscoelastic materials and films.

[0004] Typically, for example, the sieve of a sieve box is located below the cutting rotor, through which the sample material, which has been sufficiently and intensely pulverized, can flow so that it can be collected in a collection container located below it.

[0005] Other structural details of the cutting and grinding mill that are known in principle to those skilled in the art are referenced to the product descriptions of the applicant's PULVERISETTE® 19 and PULVERISETTE® 15 cutting and grinding mills, which were available for download at www.fritsch.de at the time of application and publication, and the basic structure of such cutting and grinding mills is incorporated herein by reference. Furthermore, applications DE 196 01 594, DE 10 2018 113 751 A1, WO 2020 / 200759 A1 and DE10 2019 133 437 A1 describe such cutting and grinding mills and are also incorporated herein by reference.

[0006] Cutting tools are subject to wear, causing undesirable changes in the cutting gap over time. Furthermore, cutting tools may be damaged by hard, abrasive materials, necessitating regrinding, which also alters the width of the cutting gap. Therefore, the grinding gap in such mills is typically user-adjustable, allowing the user to finely adjust the cutting edge to achieve the desired width and parallelism of the cutting gap between the rotor's cutting edge and the mating cutting edge. (Refer to...) Figure 23 In a conventional cutting and grinding machine 100, the radial positioning of the stationary mating cutter 102 is typically adjusted using two threaded pins 104. Then, another screw 106 is used to pull the mating cutter 102 towards the stop to secure it. The rotor's cutting edge is typically fixed by shaping and grinding, or, if a separate cutting edge is used on the rotor, it is fitted onto the rotor, and subsequently the cutting edge of the stationary mating cutter 102 is adjusted and fixed relative to the rotor's cutting edge. While this adjustment of the cutting gap is validated in principle, it also has some drawbacks.

[0007] First, this adjustment is not particularly simple and requires experience, which may prevent users from always operating it optimally. Furthermore, the grinding clearance changes not only due to wear but can also be adjusted after disassembly and reassembly. Especially in a non-separated grinding machine housing, the cutting clearance at the rear end located on the motor side is difficult to reach and measure.

[0008] Another drawback is that the user can also adjust the cutting or grinding gap too small. This then either results in an insufficiently small grinding gap, which can lead to increased cutting edge wear, overheating, and higher mechanical loads, or, even more detrimentally, cutting edge overlap. The latter can cause damage during mill startup and sometimes even more frequently occurs.

[0009] Another disadvantage is that the adjusting screws, threads, lock nuts, etc. used for adjustment are additional parts and are inconsistent with the hygienic design of the grinding machine.

[0010] Additionally, this type of adjustment may limit the lower limit of the mill's size, because as the mill becomes smaller, the individual components will also need to be scaled down, making adjustments more difficult.

[0011] Therefore, in general, some "errors" may occur during the adjustment process.

[0012] Similar disadvantages also apply to impact cross mills (see PULVERISETTE® 16, www.fritsch.de), whose product description is also incorporated herein by reference. Impact cross mills are similar grinding machines to cutting mills, but typically have a larger grinding gap width than cutting mills. Therefore, the crushing action may be more strongly based on impact. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laboratory grinding machine, especially a cutting grinding machine or an impact cross grinding machine, which is simple to use and requires almost no professional knowledge or operating costs from the user.

[0014] Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a laboratory grinding machine, particularly a cutting grinding machine or an impact cross grinding machine, which is inexpensive, less prone to failure, and requires less maintenance.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a laboratory grinding machine, particularly a cutting grinding machine or an impact cross grinding machine, which is easy to clean and allows the user to easily and accurately change the width of the grinding gap.

[0016] Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a laboratory mill, particularly a cutting mill or an impact cross mill, which can be constructed in a particularly small and compact manner.

[0017] The object of this invention is achieved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous improvements of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.

[0018] According to the present invention, a laboratory mill for crushing and grinding materials is provided, comprising an equipment housing and a grinding mill housing in which a rotor mill is arranged. The grinding mill housing may be made of solid metal, such as aluminum or stainless steel. The grinding mill housing defines a grinding chamber, which is generally cylindrical, into which a rotor mill, consisting of a rotor and at least one stationary mating element, is inserted. The rotor or its drive mechanism defines the central axis of the grinding chamber or grinding mill housing with its axis of rotation. The grinding mill housing may have a rearward, drive-side axial end side, which can be connected to the rear portion of the equipment housing via a flange. The grinding mill housing particularly has a frontal, axial end side opposite the grinding mill drive mechanism, from which a user can axially access the grinding mill.

[0019] The rotor grinder is thus inserted into the grinding chamber of the grinder housing, wherein the rotor can be inserted onto the drive shaft. At least one stationary mating element is inserted parallel to the rotor into the grinder housing to form a defined grinding gap between the rotor and the at least one mating element, in which the material is pulverized and ground when the rotor rotates relative to the at least one mating element. If necessary, the grinder has a rotor with a plurality of, for example, two, three, four or more cutting tools or impact bars, and the laboratory grinder has a plurality of, for example, two, three, four or more mating elements arranged around the rotor circumferentially. In this application, "at least one" therefore means one or more, particularly two, three, four or more such elements.

[0020] Laboratory grinding mills, particularly cutting grinding mills or impact cross grinding mills constructed for laboratory scale. Thus, the rotor can be constructed as a cutting rotor, and at least one mating element can be constructed as a stationary mating cutter of a cutting grinding mill, or the rotor can be constructed as an impact rotor, and at least one mating element can be constructed as a stationary mating impact bar of an impact cross grinding mill.

[0021] The grinding machine drive is preferably housed within the equipment housing and drives the rotor via a drive shaft extending axially into the grinding chamber. The rotor and / or one or more mating elements extend axially within the grinding chamber, preferably from the rearward motor-side end of the grinding chamber to the front end opposite the drive, particularly extending to the grinding machine housing door. The drive shaft may enter the grinding chamber, for example, through a through-hole at the motor-side end of the grinding chamber.

[0022] The grinding machine housing or grinding chamber is open at the front end, that is, at the end opposite the motor side, thereby forming an axial user access opening through which the user can insert and remove the rotor, mating elements, and other replaceable grinding machine parts if necessary, for example, to clean, maintain or replace these parts and also to clean the grinding chamber.

[0023] For operation of the laboratory mill, a user access opening is closed via a mill housing door, which is pivotally suspended from the mill housing, for example, by a hinge. The mill housing door has open and closed states, wherein the user can access the mill in the open state, and the laboratory mill can operate safely when the mill housing door is closed. The laboratory mill may also have a smaller axial or radial feed port for grinding material, for example, with a feed funnel through which grinding material can be continuously fed during operation. The mill housing door can have a door lock and a safety device, by which the door can be locked in the closed state, and the safety device ensures that the mill housing door is locked during operation. Reference is made to a parallel patent application entitled "Laboratory Mill," filed on the same day by the same applicant, which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0024] When the grinding machine housing door is opened, at least one or more stationary mating elements can be advantageously inserted or pushed axially into the grinding machine housing.

[0025] The grinding machine housing is thus formed with one or more mating elements to form axially movable guides with radially acting shapes, such as axially movable tenon guides as linear guides.

[0026] The corresponding radial form fit forms a support that resists the radial inward movement of the mating element toward the rotor, thereby restricting the radial inward movement of the corresponding mating element toward the rotor. Therefore, the form fit support that resists the radial inward movement of the corresponding mating element toward the rotor is, for example, formed by a tenon guide.

[0027] Here, one or more mating elements are preferably loosely inserted into the grinding machine housing. The radial end positions of one or more mating elements are restricted within the grinding machine housing, particularly by form fit, to prevent radially inward movement, thereby defining the minimum size of the grinding clearance. Thus, one or more mating elements are axially inserted into the linear guide in a radial form fit, and the grinding clearance is defined by the radial form fit of the axially extending linear guide. Specifically, the linear guide restricts the radially inward movement of one or more mating elements. Other radial and / or axial fixation, such as helical engagement, and / or adjustment mechanisms and / or radial tension, such as those achieved by bolts, are not required. During operation of the laboratory grinding mill, one or more mating elements are axially inserted into the linear guide and / or radially fixed during installation only by form fit. In particular, during operation of the laboratory grinding mill, one or more mating elements are not tightened. The mating elements cannot be radially adjusted, for example by threaded pins, to adjust the grinding clearance (cutting clearance or impact clearance) between the rotor and at least one mating element. The width of the grinding gap is defined solely through the geometry of the component and the radial shape fit of the linear guide or linear guide. The linear guide is especially a single-axis linear guide. Therefore, the width of the grinding gap cannot be continuously adjusted by the user, but is fixedly determined at the manufacturing end according to the structure and thus fixedly predetermined. For example, the width of the grinding gap can be selected by using different rotors with different rotor diameters, or by using fitting elements of different widths, rather than by the user manually adjusting the width of the grinding gap radially by adjusting one or more fitting elements.

[0028] This ensures the extreme simplicity of the laboratory mill, as it eliminates the need for and eliminates the need for manual adjustment of the grinding gap via radial adjustment of one or more mating elements. If one or more mating elements become worn, they are simply replaced with new ones (the so-called Single-Use-Prinzip principle). To select the desired width of the grinding gap, the user has one, two, or more other rotors with different diameters in reserve, and the width of the grinding gap can be discretely changed simply by replacing these rotors. Clearly, this allows for the selection of several discrete values ​​for the width of the grinding gap.

[0029] Therefore, the design eliminates user error, especially incorrect adjustment of the grinding gap, so the laboratory mill can be operated by less experienced users.

[0030] The subject matter of the invention also includes a laboratory mill assembly consisting of a laboratory mill and at least two, preferably at least three or more rotors having predetermined different diameters, or at least two or preferably at least three sets of mating elements of different widths, wherein the selection of the width of the milling gap between the rotor currently loaded into the milling chamber and at least one mating element is not achieved by radially adjusting at least one mating element, but by replacing the rotor or mating element with other rotors having other diameters or other mating elements having other widths.

[0031] If a rotor with a rotor base and separate cutting tools or separate impact bars is used, and the cutting tools or impact bars are helically fastened to the rotor base, it is preferable to also ensure precise radial positioning of the cutting tools or impact bars on the rotor to accurately define the grinding clearance on the manufacturer's side, especially since one or more mating elements are not radially adjustable but are guided in a single discrete radially predetermined position by linear guides. For this purpose, the rotor base may have a tenoned connection with the cutting tools or impact bars for radial locking, and / or the cutting tools or impact bars may be helically fastened to the rotor base by locating bolts (Passschraube).

[0032] However, inserting one or more stationary mating elements into a linear guide with a radially shaped fit has another advantage. Thus, one or more mating elements, and consequently the grinding machine and the entire laboratory mill, can be implemented very compactly because adjusting elements, such as threaded pins and bolts on the mating elements, can be eliminated, resulting in a synergistic effect of simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and compactness.

[0033] Preferably, the grinding machine housing has at least one or more axially extending guide slots along the rotor and radially for receiving one or more mating elements. The one or more guide slots are radially inward toward the rotor and open on the axial end sides of the grinding machine housing. Through the end-side openings of the guide slots, the corresponding mating elements can be manually inserted or pushed axially into their respective guide slots. One or more mating elements extend radially inward from their respective guide slots into the grinding chamber at least with axial edges (meeting cutting edges or meeting impact edges) to pulverize the grinding material between the rotor and at least one axial edge in the peripheral outer casing area of ​​the grinding chamber. Preferably, the axial linear guide portions between the one or more guide slots and the corresponding one or more mating elements form radial supports for the interior of each respective mating element, thereby restricting its radially inward movement toward the rotor and ensuring precisely defined grinding clearances.

[0034] One or more receiving guide slots may each have at least one guide groove extending axially and transversely to the receiving guide slot as a guide rail, and one or more mating elements may each have at least one tenon element movable in at least one guide groove. However, the groove and tenon of the thus formed axially movable slotted guide portion can also be constructed in reverse, that is, one or more grooves in the mating element and one or more tenons in the receiving guide slot. Thus, the slotted guide portion forms the guide rail of the linear guide portion.

[0035] Preferably, symmetrical axial guide grooves extend on both sides of one or more receiving guide slots. Thus, the one or more receiving guide slots, together with the guide grooves on both sides, can have a substantially cross-shaped cross-section. Here, the linear guide portions, or the receiving guide slots and / or guide grooves, extend axially and linearly from the rear drive side end to the front door side end, respectively. The one or more linear guide portions for one or more mating elements or guide grooves are preferably arranged laterally on both sides of the receiving guide slot.

[0036] Such linear guides, guide slots, and guide grooves can, for example, be introduced into a solid metal grinding machine housing at a reasonable cost.

[0037] Preferably, one or more mating elements each have two flat sides that extend axially and radially within and abut against the respective receiving guide slots when the one or more mating elements are inserted into their respective receiving guide slots. The term "radial" or "radial extension" should not be strictly understood mathematically, but rather refers to a direction that extends "substantially" radially, i.e., inward toward or outward away from the rotor axis. Therefore, the "radial" direction does not necessarily have to be mathematically precise to intersect the rotor axis. According to one embodiment, at least one, preferably at least two or more, transverse holes are provided through the two flat sides of one or more mating elements, each containing a transverse pin, for example, by press-fit. The one or more transverse pins form one or more tenon elements that are radially guided and axially movable in their respective guide slots to form corresponding linear sliding guides. Preferably, tenon guides are provided on both sides of one or more mating elements.

[0038] The radial restriction for the movement of forming the fixed width of the grinding gap can be constructed as follows. To restrict the radially inward movement, one or more mating elements can be supported radially inward toward the rotor on the radially inner sidewall of each corresponding guide groove of the tenon guide, thereby restricting the radially inward movement of one or more mating elements toward the rotor.

[0039] To restrict radially outward movement, one or more mating elements can be supported radially outward on the radially outer sidewall of the corresponding guide groove of the tenon guide portion in the direction away from the rotor, thereby restricting the radially outward movement of one or more mating elements in the direction away from the rotor. Alternatively, the longitudinal side of one or more mating elements away from the rotor can be directly or indirectly supported on the bottom of the radially outer side of each corresponding receiving guide slot, thereby restricting the radially outward movement of one or more mating elements in the same direction away from the rotor. Thus, a clearance fit of the linear guide portion in the radial direction with a small gap, for example, from almost zero to a maximum of + / - one-tenth, preferably + / - a few percent, can be achieved to structurally define the width of the grinding gap.

[0040] Specifically, the guide slot can have axial holes at its bottom, located radially outward, into which axially extending support pins are inserted. One or more mating elements are supported on the longitudinal side away from the rotor by the support pins, which in turn are supported in axial holes in the grinding machine housing, thus restricting radially outward movement of at least one mating element in the direction away from the rotor. This has the advantage that the radially outward load acting during grinding can be removed along the longitudinal pins along the long length, where the axial support pins can be constructed, for example, as hardened steel pins, thus providing a large area within the axial holes for load removal onto the grinding machine housing. This is particularly advantageous in small laboratory grinding mills.

[0041] When a mating element is inserted into its corresponding receiving guide slot, one or more mating elements extend, particularly in a plane transverse to the rotor axis, from both end sides or the narrow side of the end sides. Near at least one of the two end sides, a pull opening may be provided in the mating element, for example, through a transverse hole on the flat side, so that a pull tool, such as a pull hook, can be introduced into the pull opening in a form-fitting manner, particularly hooking into the pull opening, so that when the grinding machine housing door is opened, the mating element can be axially pulled out of the grinding machine housing or from the corresponding receiving guide slot by means of the pull tool. This allows the user to easily remove one or more mating elements from the grinding machine housing, for example, for cleaning, flipping, or replacement.

[0042] What's particularly simple is that the pulling opening is positioned radially on the guide groove, so that the pulling opening can be reached through the existing guide groove by the pulling tool.

[0043] Preferably, one or more mating elements each have a base in the form of an elongated, flat plate or strip. The base is particularly generally square in construction. Thus, one or more mating elements have two axially and radially extending flat sides, two axially extending longitudinal sides transversely to the flat sides, and two end sides extending transversely to the flat and longitudinal sides, i.e., in a plane transverse to the rotor axis and particularly substantially parallel to the axial end sides of the grinding machine housing. Preferably, the aspect ratio between the width and thickness of the base is at least 2 or at least 3.

[0044] At least one longitudinal edge between the flat side and the adjacent longitudinal side forms the cutting edge or impact edge of a corresponding mating element, which works in conjunction with the cutting edge or impact edge of the rotor to crush and grind the material therebetween, wherein the longitudinal edge extends axially inside the grinding chamber when at least one mating element is inserted into at least one receiving guide slot in the grinding machine housing.

[0045] Preferably, while one or more mating elements are designed in principle as single-use components—that is, they will not be reground, because otherwise the width of the grinding gap would no longer be consistent—these one or more mating elements can be flipped and therefore reused multiple times. For this purpose, one or more receiving guide slots can be mirror-symmetrically formed. Furthermore, one or more mating elements can be constructed with rotational symmetry or flipping relative to at least one, two, or three of the following axes by 180°:

[0046] Around an axis extending laterally to the flat side,

[0047] Around an axis extending laterally to the longitudinal side and / or

[0048] Around the axis extending laterally to the end side,

[0049] Thus, one or more mating elements can be inserted into the corresponding receiving guide slot not only along one orientation, but also along at least two, three or four orientations.

[0050] One or more mating elements are therefore preferably capable of being inserted into the grinding machine housing along a first orientation and a second orientation flipped relative to the first orientation and / or along a third orientation flipped relative to the first and second orientations and / or along a fourth orientation flipped relative to the first, second, and third orientations, so that the first and second and / or third and / or fourth longitudinal edges of at least one mating element are used as cutting edges or impact edges. In other words, one or more mating elements can be flipped at least once, twice, or three times and can be used at least two, three, or four times by flipping.

[0051] Preferably, the flipping can have at least four, especially axially collinear, transverse holes passing through the flat side of the at least one mating element, wherein a through transverse pin protruding to both sides as tenon elements is fixed in each of the two axially built transverse holes, for example by press fitting, and wherein the two axially external holes are kept free as pull openings.

[0052] Mating elements that can be inserted with a uniaxially oriented guide can be advantageously designed to be relatively small, especially since the mating elements are not tightened, and more complex components such as threaded pins and bolts for adjustment and tightening can be eliminated. However, they can also be designed to be larger. Preferably, the base of the axially insertable mating element can have a length between 20 mm and 200 mm, preferably between 30 mm and 60 mm, a width between 8 mm and 60 mm, preferably between 15 mm and 30 mm, and / or a thickness between 3 mm and 25 mm, preferably between 4 mm and 8 mm.

[0053] An elastomeric clamping element, such as an elastomeric seal, can be fixed to the inside of the grinding machine housing door. When the grinding machine housing door is closed, one or more mating elements are axially clamped by this clamping element to the end of the axial motor side that houses the guide slot. This prevents residual movement caused by gaps in the linear guide.

[0054] The clamping element of the elastomer can be configured as an annular seal (O-ring) and fixed, for example, in an annular groove on the inside of the grinding machine housing door. The seal of the elastomer can perform a dual function: on the one hand, it annularly seals the guide groove and / or grinding chamber at its end face; on the other hand, it securely clamps the one or more mating elements.

[0055] Preferably, the grinding chamber can be formed in the grinding machine housing as a substantially cylindrical cavity, particularly a substantially cylindrical cavity, and transitions radially downward into the grinding material outlet channel through which the pulverized grinding material flows into a grinding material collection container. The grinding chamber and the grinding material outlet channel can be separated by an arc-shaped screen plate, especially in the absence of a stable screen box, through which the pulverized grinding material flows downward from the grinding chamber into the grinding material outlet channel. The arc-shaped screen plate and the rotor can be axially removed from the grinding machine housing when the grinding machine housing door is opened. For this purpose, the arc-shaped screen plate can be inserted into the grinding machine housing and positioned there between the grinding chamber and the grinding material outlet channel. Advantageously, the grinding machine housing, on its front door side, in the area below the screen plate, is particularly free of joints, i.e., it does not have joints that laterally cross the grinding material outlet channel. Therefore, the grinding chamber and the grinding material outlet channel can be cleaned together and without obstruction from the end side of the grinding machine housing, so that the grinding machine housing can be cleaned when the grinding machine housing door is opened and the rotor and the arc-shaped screen plate are removed. The grinding chamber and the grinding material outlet channel thus have a common, unified front end opening.

[0056] According to one aspect of the invention, a laboratory mill, particularly configured as a cutting mill or an impact cross mill, may include:

[0057] A device housing having a grinding machine housing, wherein the grinding machine housing defines a generally cylindrical grinding chamber and has a front axial end side opposite to the grinding machine drive unit.

[0058] A rotor grinder in a grinding chamber of a grinding machine housing, wherein the rotor grinder has a rotor defining a rotor axis and at least one stationary mating element, preferably multiple, especially two, three, four or more stationary mating elements, wherein when the rotor rotates, the grinding material is crushed between the rotor and one or more stationary mating elements, said mating elements preferably arranged around the rotor along a circumference.

[0059] The grinding machine drive unit within the equipment housing for driving the rotor in the grinding chamber.

[0060] A grinding machine housing door for sealing the grinding machine housing on the axial end side, wherein the grinding machine housing door has an open and a closed state, wherein a user can axially access the grinding machine when the grinding machine housing door is open.

[0061] The grinding chamber is formed in the form of a generally cylindrical cavity within the grinding machine housing and transitions downwards into the grinding material outlet channel. The pulverized grinding material flows through this outlet channel into a grinding material collection container. The grinding chamber and the grinding material outlet channel are separated by an arc-shaped sieve plate, particularly in the absence of a sieve box. The pulverized grinding material flows downwards from the grinding chamber into the grinding material outlet channel through this sieve plate.

[0062] Among them, at least one or more, preferably at least two or at least three axial tapered pins protrude from the grinding machine housing door, which swing into the underside of the arc-shaped screen plate by pivoting motion when the grinding machine housing door is closed, and support the screen plate downward when the grinding machine housing door is closed.

[0063] Therefore, a simple, flat screen plate, for example, punched from a perforated plate and subsequently bent, can be advantageously inserted into two lateral slots in the grinding machine housing without a screen box or other lateral reinforcement, and supported at the bottom by a tapered pin on the edge facing the grinding machine housing cover on the end side. The tapered pin, which serves as a lower support on the grinding machine housing door, ensures smooth, non-jamming pivot closure. Attached Figure Description

[0064] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, wherein the same and similar elements have the same reference numerals in part, and features of different embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0065] in:

[0066] Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of a cutting and grinding mill according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0067] Figure 2 As shown Figure 1 A view of the grinding machine housing with a transparent cover.

[0068] Figure 3 As shown Figure 1 A view showing the open door of the grinding machine housing.

[0069] Figure 4 It shows Figure 1 Front view of a cutting and grinding machine without the grinding machine housing door.

[0070] Figure 5 It shows Figure 4 A magnified view of part A in the image.

[0071] Figure 6 A three-dimensional view of a cutting and grinding machine without a grinding machine housing door is shown according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 7It shows Figure 6 Front view of the cutting and grinding machine.

[0073] Figure 8 It shows Figure 7 A magnified view of part A in the image.

[0074] Figure 9 It shows Figure 1 The longitudinal section of the cutting and grinding machine.

[0075] Figure 10 A three-dimensional view of a stationary mating element is shown.

[0076] Figure 11 It shows Figure 10 A top view of the flat side of the mating component.

[0077] Figure 12 It shows Figure 10 Front view of the longitudinal side of the mating element.

[0078] Figure 13 It shows Figure 10 A view of the end side of the mating component.

[0079] Figure 14 A three-dimensional view of a rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0080] Figure 15 A three-dimensional view of a rotor according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0081] Figure 16 A horizontal cross-section through the grinding machine housing is shown.

[0082] Figure 17 A vertical cross-section through the grinding machine housing is shown.

[0083] Figure 18 A three-dimensional view of a cutting and grinding mill without a grinding machine housing door according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0084] Figure 19 It shows Figure 18 Front view of the cutting and grinding machine.

[0085] Figure 20 It shows Figure 19 A magnified view of part A in the image.

[0086] Figure 21 It shows Figure 6 A three-dimensional view of the base of the cutting and grinding machine, taken from the lower left side.

[0087] Figure 22 It shows Figure 6A three-dimensional view of the base of the cutting and grinding machine, taken from the upper right side at an angle.

[0088] Figure 23 An exploded view of the components of a conventional cutting and grinding machine is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0089] Reference Figure 1-9 A laboratory grinding mill 1 is shown, in this example in the form of a cutting grinding mill. The laboratory grinding mill 1 has a housing 12, which has a user display device 14 for inputting grinding parameters into the control device (not shown) of the laboratory grinding mill 1 by the user. A grinding machine housing 16 is arranged on the front side 12a of the housing 12, which can be closed on the front (axially) side by a grinding machine housing door 18. The grinding machine housing door 18 is constructed as a swing door and can swing open and close about a hinge 20. When the grinding machine housing door 18 is closed, it can be locked by a door lock 22, such as... Figure 1 As shown. With the grinding machine housing 16 closed, the grinding material can be fed through the feeding funnel 24 and, in this example, the radial grinding material feeding port 26. Figures 21 to 22 The material is injected, allowing for continuous input and crushing of the material during operation of the cutting and grinding mill 1. When the locking element 22 is unlocked, the user can pivot open the grinding machine housing door 18 to access the rotor grinding machine 30 located in the internal space of the grinding machine housing 16 or the grinding chamber 32.

[0090] When the grinding machine housing door 18 is fully pivoted open, the user can thus axially access the substantially cylindrical grinding chamber 32 and the rotor grinding machine 30 arranged therein via the axial user access opening 38. The rotor grinding machine has a rotor 34 that rotates coaxially with the drive axis or rotor axis X, and a plurality of axially extending, annularly arranged stationary mating elements 36 surrounding the rotor 34. This embodiment illustrates a cutting grinding machine, where the rotor 34 is configured as a cutting rotor and the stationary mating elements 36 are configured as stationary mating tools. In a correspondingly configured impact cross-grinding machine, the rotor 34 is designed as an impact rotor with impact bars, and the stationary mating elements 36 are configured as mating impact bars.

[0091] The rotor 34 is preferably inserted into and axially tightened onto the drive shaft 2, and driven by a form-fitting element, the drive shaft 2 being driven from the rear by the drive motor 4. For this purpose, the drive shaft 2 extends through a central opening 6 between the rear portion 12b of the equipment housing 12 and the grinding machine housing 16 to which the front flange is connected, and also defines a coaxial rotor axis X. Figure 9 ) .

[0092] When the grinding machine housing door 18 is fully open, the user can loosen the rotor 34 and remove it axially from the drive shaft 2, and pull it out axially through the user access opening 38 at the front of the grinding machine housing 16. During operation, the rotor 34 rotates and the grinding material is fed to the rotor grinding machine 30 via the loading funnel 24 through the radial grinding material loading port 26, and is pulverized between the rotor cutter 40 or the impact bar of the rotor 34 and the stationary mating element 36 by cutting and / or impact. The pulverized grinding material then flows downwards, for example through the screen 42, into the grinding material collection container 44.

[0093] The stationary mating elements 36 are fixed in the grinding machine housing 16, i.e., not radially adjustable, i.e., radially fixedly positioned. In this example, they can be rotated in four different orientations by being constructed with multiple rotational symmetry and can be used four times by being repositioned into the grinding machine housing 16. Nevertheless, in order for the user to select different widths of the grinding gap according to the material being ground, the laboratory grinding mill 1 can, for example, be provided with different rotors 34 with different diameters. For example, each laboratory grinding mill 1 is equipped with a group of three different rotors 34, which work in conjunction with the radially non-adjustable mating elements 36 to provide, for example, three widths of grinding gaps of 0.2 mm, 0.6 mm, and 1 mm. Here, the same cutting tool 40 or impact bar can be used on the different rotors 34, which can also be rotated twice. Only the rotor base 35, which can be easily manufactured, has a correspondingly different radial dimension. Using these radial dimensions of the rotor base 35, the different discrete widths of the grinding gap are ultimately determined, so that the selectable width of the grinding gap is not derived from a dimension not defined by the user, but is explicitly defined in size by the manufacturing of the rotor base 35, for example, by cutting. For this purpose, the rotor cutter 40 or impact bar is explicitly and accurately positioned on the rotor 34, for example by an axially extending tenon joint 46 or by a positioning bolt 48. The rotor cutter 40 or impact bar is precisely machined in terms of geometry, which can be achieved in a simple and cost-effective manner, since they must be ground anyway, and therefore can be machined with high precision in the final process.

[0094] Therefore, the laboratory mill 1 does not allow continuous radial adjustment of the mating element 36, and thus does not allow continuous radial adjustment of the width of the grinding gap. However, it provides discrete values ​​for the width of the grinding gap, for example, two, three, or more discrete numbers, which can be selected from the supplier's catalog by means of rotors 34 of different diameters. Alternatively, discrete values ​​for the width of the grinding gap can also be provided by means of different sets of mating elements 36 with different widths.

[0095] The rotor 34 is axially inserted into the drive shaft 2 via the user intervention opening 38. The laboratory mill 1 according to this embodiment, for example, has four stationary mating elements 36, which are inserted from the axial end side 16a at the front of the mill housing 16 into four long axially accommodating guide slots 52 in the mill housing 16 when the mill housing door 18 is opened. Here, the accommodating guide slots 52 form linear guides extending uniaxially for the stationary mating elements 36.

[0096] Reference Figure 10-13 The mating element 36 is formed by a cuboid base 54 having two flat sides 54a, two longitudinal sides 54b, and two end sides 54c, and is a single piece, made of, for example, hardened steel, tungsten carbide, or ceramic material. In this example, four transverse holes 56 extend through the flat sides 54a; for simplicity, these transverse holes can be implemented identically. Guide pins or tenons 58 are press-fitted into the two axially inner transverse holes 56a respectively. Thus, the axial linear guide 62 for the mating element 36 in the grinding machine housing 16 is constructed in the form of a tenon linear guide, in this example having two sliding bearings. The two axially outer holes 56b remain open and serve as pull openings 60 so that the mating element 36 can be pulled back from the receiving guide slot 52, for example, using a pull tool (not shown) hooked into the pull opening 60 of the corresponding front portion.

[0097] The mating element 36 shown here is very simply constructed and lacks adjusting elements, such as threaded holes for fixing bolts, because they are radially and precisely positioned within the grinding machine housing 16 in a manner determined by manufacturing conditions (dimensions that cannot be changed by the user) by means of the linear guide 62. The mating element 36 can be easily manufactured and designed to be relatively small, thereby enabling the construction of a relatively compact laboratory grinding mill 1. In this embodiment, the mating element 36 is only 40 mm long, 20 mm wide, and 5 mm thick. The tenon 58 has a diameter of 5 mm, and the excess on both sides, i.e., the engagement depth of the tenon linear guide, is 2.5 mm.

[0098] The cuboid base 54 of the mating element 36 is constructed in one piece from a cutting material, such as hardened steel, and the mating element 36 is constructed in a rotationally symmetrical manner about the normals of all three faces by 180°. All four longitudinal edges 54d between the flat side 54a and the longitudinal side 54b are constructed with the same cutting edge. Therefore, the mating element 36 can be triple-flipped and pushed axially into the receiving guide slot 52 in four different orientations, i.e., used four times.

[0099] The axial receiving guide slots 52 are open toward the grinding chamber 32 and have guide grooves 64 extending laterally from the axial direction of the receiving guide slots 52 on both sides. The guide grooves and the tenon elements or tenon pins 58 of the mating element 36 form a linear guide portion 62 in the form of a groove and tenon linear guide portion.

[0100] exist Figure 4-5 In the illustrated embodiment, the fit between the tenon 58 and the guide groove 64 is a clearance fit, for example, with a clearance of + / - 5 / 100, such that the tenon element 58 forms radial support for the mating element 36 not only radially inward but also radially outward. The tenon element 58 engages from behind the radially inward rolling surface 64a of the corresponding guide groove 64 and is radially supported on the rolling surface. The radially inward generatrix 58a of the tenon element 58, together with the rolling surface 64a, forms an inwardly acting stop, and the radially outwardly pointing generatrix 58b of the tenon element 58, together with the radially outward rolling surface 64b, forms an outwardly acting stop for the linear guide portion 62 of the mating element 36. Therefore, the radially outward free space 68 remains empty in accommodating the guide slot 52. Thus, additional relief grooves can be saved during milling. On the other hand, the outwardly acting load is reduced by the relatively short generatrix 58b of the tenon 58. Accordingly, the linear guide portion 62 in the present example has two axially spaced radially spaced load-reducing portions. Using at least two axially spaced radial load-cutting sections can avoid overturning moments and ensure high clearance parallelism.

[0101] Reference Figures 6 to 8 In the embodiment shown, the axially extending guide groove 64 can also be made with a significant radial interference to the radially outer free space 69. In this case, only a radially inwardly acting stop is formed between the tenon element 58 and the guide groove 64. The radially outwardly acting stop is here formed by the longitudinal side 54b located radially outer. In this example, a support pin 72 (e.g., a hardened steel pin 72) extending in the axial hole 70 forms a radially outer mating stop. Although this variant requires additional holes 70 and additional support pins 72, the radially outwardly acting load for this purpose is reduced over a greater length, preferably over the longitudinal side 54b of the mating element 36 radially outer or over the entire length of the support pin 72. Nevertheless, additional relief grooves can be omitted in the milling of the guide slot 52. The groove geometry can thus be simply maintained. The support pins 72 can be press-fitted into the corresponding axial holes 70 by means of a press fit, since these support pins do not need to be removed by the user.

[0102] Therefore, in both embodiments, the stationary mating element 36 is prevented from being fixed radially inward, i.e., toward the rotor 34, by means of a linear guide in the slot, or more precisely, by means of a tenon element 58 guided in the guide slot 64. The axial linear guide 62 therefore does not have at least no degree of freedom of movement toward the rotor 34 for the inserted mating element 36.

[0103] exist Figure 4-5 In the illustrated embodiment, the tenon element 58 and the guide groove 64, as they leave the ground from the rotor, also serve to restrict and stop the movement. Figures 6 to 8 In the illustrated embodiment, a stop against radially outward or movement away from the rotor 34 is formed by a support pin 72. Therefore, for the inserted mating element 36, the axial linear guide 62 preferably also does not have the degree of freedom to move radially away from the rotor 34.

[0104] In both cases, the loosely inserted mating element 36 is preferably radially inward and radially outward in both directions, and is radially fixed in the corresponding receiving guide slot 52 except by means of a radial clearance predetermined by manufacturing tolerances, such that the width of the grinding gap is fixedly predetermined and no longer needs to be adjusted and / or cannot be adjusted.

[0105] Another advantage of abandoning the radial adjustment of the mating element 36 is that, in conventional cutting and grinding machines, this requires rotating the rotor to precisely align the rotor blade 40 and the mating element 36 in order to adjust the cutting gap. This can be omitted in the present invention. Therefore, the rotational drive of the rotor 34 can even be form-fittedly locked as a safety function when the grinding machine housing door 18 is open. Thus, the combination of the present invention with the form-fitting locking of the grinding machine drive (as described in a patent application filed on the same day by the same applicant under the title "Laboratory Grinding Machine") can be particularly advantageous, although not essential. The laboratory grinding machine 1 can, for example, have a form-fitting coupling operated by a door lock 22 via a mechanical operating chain, and form-fittingly lock the grinding machine when the grinding machine housing door 18 is open. For further details, refer to the aforementioned parallel patent application.

[0106] Advantageously, by inserting into or withdrawing from the receiving guide slot 52 or linear guide 62, the mating element 36 can be easily flipped and / or replaced, especially since no threaded pins or screws are required for adjustment and / or tightening. Furthermore, when the grinder housing door 18 is opened, all components of the rotor grinder 30, particularly the rotor 34 and mating element 36, as well as the curved screen 42, can be easily pulled axially out of the grinding chamber 32, thereby facilitating easy cleaning of the grinding dust in the grinding chamber 32, for example, by sweeping it out. Even if grinding dust adheres to the mating element 36, these elements can be pulled out with sufficient extraction force by means of the pull opening 60. Therefore, the laboratory grinder 1 is resistant to contaminants.

[0107] The grinding machine housing door 18 may additionally have an elastomeric seal 74, such as an annular seal in a surrounding groove 76, on its inner side 18a facing the grinding chamber 32. The annular seal 74, such as an O-ring, annularly seals the user access opening 38 or the grinding chamber 32 when the grinding machine housing door 18 is closed, preventing grinding dust from spilling out. The annular seal 74 extends advantageously radially circumferentially between the grinding chamber 32 and the guide groove 64 that accommodates the guide slot 52. Thus, the guide groove 64 can be largely kept free of grinding dust. For this purpose, the front end 54c of the mating element 36 terminates substantially flush with or with a slight interference fit to the front side 16a of the grinding machine housing 16. The elastomeric seal 74 clamps the mating element 36 in the guide slot 52 relative to the rear end of the guide slot 52, thereby ensuring that the mating element 36 is securely held in place without clicking, even with minor clearances in the linear guide 62, when the grinding machine housing 16 is closed.

[0108] Reference Figure 18-20 The elastomeric seal 74 can also be constructed as a special flat seal 74' with a lug 78, which can axially overlap and completely close the front end of the guide groove 64. The larger surface area of ​​the lug 78 allows more force to be applied axially to the mating element 36.

[0109] Three tapered pins 80 are fixed to the grinding machine housing door 18, slightly below the grinding chamber 32, protruding from the inner side 18a of the grinding machine housing door 18. When the grinding machine housing door 18 is closed, particularly by pivoting about the hinge 20, the tapered pins 80 pivot in the pivoting trajectory below the curved screen plate 42 and ultimately support the screen plate 42 downwards. This eliminates the need for a support tab that is fixed to the screen plate 42 at the grinding machine housing 16 and laterally covers the user access opening 38. It has been found that the use of tapered pins 80 in conjunction with the shape of the curved screen plate 42 is particularly advantageous for the pivoting trajectory.

[0110] See Figure 21-22 The grinding machine housing 16 may comprise a one-piece base or housing block 17, and is, for example, integrally milled from a metal block. Here, the cavity 84, which houses the guide slot 52, guide groove 64, grinding chamber 32, and / or the grinding material outlet channel 82 connected below to the grinding chamber, is machined from the metal block as a unified, interconnected cavity 84. The cavity 84 is preferably milled into a cylindrical shape with a complex generatrix 84a. The front end of the cylindrical cavity 84 is preferably completely open. In other words, the unified cylindrical cavity 84, consisting of the interconnected guide slot 52, guide groove 64, grinding chamber 32, and / or the grinding material outlet channel 82 connected below to the grinding chamber, is completely open at the front end 17a of the housing block 17 with a unified common opening surface defined by the generatrix 84a of the cylindrical cavity 84. Thus, the grinding machine housing can be produced cost-effectively, for example, by milling blocks of aluminum or stainless steel, and a compact small laboratory grinding machine 1 can be constructed using a small grinding machine 30.

[0111] The sieve plate 42 can be made relatively simply and flexibly from a simple perforated plate because, despite the uniformly wide user access opening 38, it allows not only unimpeded access to the substantially cylindrical grinding chamber 32 but also unimpeded access to the relatively wide grinding material outlet channel 82. When the grinding machine housing door 18 is opened, the entire cavity 84 formed by the grinding chamber 32 and the grinding material outlet channel 82 uniformly configured therewith is unobstructed at the front end side 16a of the grinding machine housing 16. Bending of the sieve plate 42 during operation is prevented by the tapered pin 80. The sieve plate 42 is inserted between the mating element 36 and the support surface 86 between the grinding chamber 32 and the grinding material outlet channel 82.

[0112] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments described above are to be understood as exemplary, and that the invention is not limited to these embodiments, but can be varied in many ways without departing from the scope of the claims. Components described in the singular are also understood to be plural, and vice versa. Furthermore, it can be seen that the features described, regardless of whether they are disclosed in the specification, claims, drawings, or otherwise, also individually define essential components of the invention, even if they are described together with other features.

Claims

1. Laboratory mill (1) for comminuting mill stock, which is configured as a cutting mill or an impact cross mill, comprising An apparatus housing (12) having a grinder housing (16), wherein - a mill housing (16) which defines a mill chamber (32) and has an axial end side (16a), - a rotor mill (30) in the mill chamber (32) of the mill housing (16), wherein the rotor mill (30) comprises a rotor (34) which defines a rotor axis (X) and at least one cooperating element (36), wherein mill stock is comminuted between the rotor (34) and the at least one cooperating element (36) when the rotor (34) is rotating, - a mill drive (2, 4) for driving the rotor (34) in the mill chamber (32), - a mill housing door (18) for closing the mill housing (16) on the axial end side (16a), - wherein the at least one cooperating element (36) can be axially inserted into the mill housing (36) when the mill housing door (18) is open, - wherein the mill housing (16) has at least one axially extending, accommodating guide slot (52) for the at least one cooperating element (36), - wherein the accommodating guide slot (52) opens radially inwards towards the rotor (34) and on the axial end side (16a) of the mill housing (16) and the at least one cooperating element (36) can be manually axially inserted into the at least one accommodating guide slot (52) through the open end side (16a).

2. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 1, wherein The at least one cooperating element (36) is axially guided in the mill housing (16) by a radial form fit.

3. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 2, wherein The radial form fit forms a support which prevents the at least one cooperating element (36) from moving at least radially inwards towards the rotor (34).

4. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 1, wherein An axial linear guide (62) is formed between the at least one accommodating guide slot (52) and the at least one cooperating element (36).

5. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 4, wherein The at least one accommodating guide slot (52) has at least one guide groove (64) which extends axially and transversely to the accommodating guide slot (52) and the at least one cooperating element (36) has at least one tenon element (58) which can be moved in the at least one guide groove (64), or vice versa, so that the axial linear guide (62) is configured as a slot-tenon guide which can be moved axially.

6. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 5, wherein The at least one cooperating element (36) has two flat sides (54a) which extend axially in the at least one accommodating guide slot (52) when the at least one cooperating element (36) is inserted into the at least one accommodating guide slot (52), wherein there is at least one transverse hole (56) through the flat sides (54a) of the at least one cooperating element (36) in which a transverse pin is fixed which can be moved axially and is radially guided in the at least one guide groove (64) as a tenon element (58).

7. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the at least one fitting element (36) is supported on a side wall (64a) of the guide slot (64) of the tenon guide radially inwardly in the direction of the rotor, and / or wherein the at least one fitting element (36) is supported on a side wall (64b) of the guide slot (64) of the tenon guide radially outwardly in the direction away from the rotor (34), or wherein a longitudinal side (54b) of the at least one fitting element (36) facing away from the rotor (34) is directly or indirectly supported on a radially outer bottom of the accommodation guide slit (52).

8. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 4, wherein the accommodation guide slit (52) has an axial bore (70) on the radially outer bottom, an axially extending support pin (72) is inserted into the axial bore, and wherein a longitudinal side (54b) of the at least one fitting element (36) facing away from the rotor (34) is supported on the support pin (72), and wherein the support pin (72) is supported in the axial bore (70) on the grinding mill housing (16).

9. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one fitting element (36) has at least one pulling opening (60) such that a pulling tool can be introduced into the pulling opening (60) in a form-fit manner in order to pull the at least one fitting element (36) axially out of the grinding mill housing (16) by means of the pulling tool when the grinding mill housing door (18) is open.

10. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one fitting element (36) has a base body (54) in the form of an elongated plate or strip.

11. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 10, wherein the length of the base body (54) is between 20 mm and 200 mm, the width of the base body (54) is between 8 mm and 60 mm, and / or the thickness of the base body (54) is between 3 mm and 25 mm.

12. The lab mill (1) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one mating element (36) has at least one flat side (54a) and at least one longitudinal side (54b), which meet at a longitudinal edge (54d), wherein, the longitudinal edge (54d) forms a cutting edge or impact edge of the at least one fitting element (36), which cooperates with a cutting edge or impact edge of the rotor (34) in order to comminute a milled material therebetween.

13. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 12, wherein the at least one longitudinal edge (54d) extends axially in the milling chamber (32) when the at least one fitting element (36) is inserted into the at least one accommodation guide slit (52) of the grinding mill housing (16).

14. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one fitting element (36) has a base body (54) in the form of an elongated plate or strip, which has two flat sides (54a), two longitudinal sides (54b) extending axially and transversely to the flat sides (54a), and / or two end sides (54c) extending transversely to the flat sides (54a) and the longitudinal sides (54b), and wherein the at least one fitting element (36) is configured to be able to be flipped over by 180° with respect to at least one of the following axes: about an axis extending transversely to the flat sides (54a), about an axis extending transversely to the longitudinal sides (54b), and / or about an axis extending transversely to the end sides (54c), so that the at least one fitting element (36) can be inserted into the mill housing (16) in different orientations before and after the turning over, in order to use different longitudinal edges (54d) of the at least one fitting element (36) as cutting edges or impact edges.

15. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 4, wherein The at least one fitting element (36) has two flat sides (54a) which extend axially in the at least one accommodating guide slot (52) when the at least one fitting element (36) is inserted into the at least one accommodating guide slot (52), wherein at least four lateral bores (56) are provided through the flat sides (54a) of the at least one fitting element (36), wherein a lateral pin is respectively fixed in two axially inner lateral bores (56) which penetrates through and projects laterally as a tenon element (58) to both sides, and wherein two axially outer lateral bores (56) form a pulling opening (60).

16. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 4, wherein An elastic pressing element is fixed on the mill housing door (18), which presses the axial end side (54c) of the at least one fitting element (36) axially onto the axial motor-side end of the accommodating guide slot (52) when the mill housing door (18) is closed.

17. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 4, wherein An annular seal (74) is included, which is fixed on the mill housing door (18) and seals against the axial end side (16a) of the mill housing, and which hermetically seals the grinding chamber (32) in this annular manner, and wherein the annular seal (74) presses the axial end side (54c) of the at least one fitting element (36) axially onto the axial motor-side end of the accommodating guide slot when the mill housing door (18) is closed.

18. The laboratory mill (1) according to claim 1, wherein The grinding chamber (32) is formed as a substantially cylindrical cavity in the mill housing (16) and transitions radially downward into a ground material outlet channel (82), wherein the grinding chamber (32) and the ground material outlet channel (82) are separated by a sieve plate (42) through which ground grinding material can flow from the grinding chamber (32) downward into the ground material outlet channel (82) and a ground material collection container (44), wherein the sieve plate (42) and the rotor (34) can be axially removed from the mill housing (16) when the mill housing door (18) is open, and wherein the mill housing (16) does not have a web which laterally spans the ground material outlet channel (82) in the area below the sieve plate (42) on its end side (16a), so that the grinding chamber (32) and the ground material outlet channel (82) can be swept together without obstacles from the end side (16a) of the mill housing (16) when the mill housing door (18) is open and the rotor (34) and the sieve plate (42) are removed.

19. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 1, wherein The mill housing (16) comprises a one-piece base body or housing block (17) which is milled from a metal block and a mill material outlet channel (82) which is connected below the grinding chamber (32), wherein the at least one containment guide slot (52) has at least one guide groove (64) which extends axially and transversely to the containment guide slot (52), wherein the at least one guide groove (64), the grinding chamber (32) and / or the mill material outlet channel (82) are machined from the metal block as a unified, interconnected cavity (84).

20. Laboratory mill (1) according to claim 19, wherein The cavity (84) is milled from the metal block as a cylinder with a complex generatrix (84a) and the front end side of the cylindrical cavity (84) is completely open.

21. A laboratory mill (1) for comminuting mill material, which is configured as a cutting mill or an impact cross mill, comprising An apparatus housing (12) having a grinder housing (16), wherein The mill housing (16) defines a grinding chamber (32) and has an axial end side (16a), a rotor mill (30) in the grinding chamber (32) of the mill housing (16), wherein the rotor mill (30) comprises a rotor (34) and at least one cooperating element (36), the rotor (34) defining a rotor axis (X), wherein mill material is comminuted between the rotor (34) and the at least one cooperating element (36) when the rotor (34) is rotating, a mill drive (2, 4) for driving the rotor (34) within the grinding chamber (32), a mill housing door (18) for closing the mill housing (16) on the axial end side (16a), wherein the grinding chamber (32) is formed in the mill housing (16) as a substantially cylindrical cavity and transitions downward into the mill material outlet channel (82), wherein the grinding chamber (32) and the mill material outlet channel (82) are separated by a sieve plate (42) through which comminuted mill material can flow from the grinding chamber (32) downward into the mill material outlet channel (82) and a mill material collection container (44), and wherein at least one or more protruding pins (80) are fixed on the mill housing door (18) which swing into the area below the sieve plate (42) when the mill housing door (18) is closed and support the sieve plate downward when the mill housing door (18) is closed.

22. A laboratory mill set having a laboratory mill (1) according to claim 1 and at least two, preferably at least three rotors (34) with predefined different diameters, wherein, The selection of the width of the grinding gap between the rotor (34) and the at least one cooperating element (36) inserted into the grinding chamber (32) is not achieved by radially adjusting the at least one cooperating element (36), but by replacing the rotor (34) with another rotor (34) having a different diameter.

23. A laboratory mill set having a laboratory mill (1) according to claim 1 and at least two, preferably at least three sets of cooperating elements (36) of different width, wherein, The selection of the width of the grinding gap between the cooperating element (36) inserted into the mill housing (16) and the rotor (34) is not achieved by radially adjusting the cooperating element (36), but by replacing the cooperating element (36) with another cooperating element (36) having a different width. The selection of the width of the grinding gap between the cooperating element (36) inserted into the mill housing (16) and the rotor (34) is not achieved by radially adjusting the cooperating element (36), but by replacing the cooperating element (36) with another cooperating element (36) having a different width.

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