Bridge steel member welding positioning tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a welding and positioning tool for a bridge steel member, and relates to the technical field of bridge construction. The upper portion of the base is rotationally connected with a working table, the working table is provided with a first fixing part and multiple sets of second fixing parts, the first fixing part is located between the multiple sets of second fixing parts, and the guardrail stand columns are placed on the first fixing part and clamped between the multiple sets of second fixing parts; the first fixing part comprises an operation box and multiple sets of clamping assemblies, a first electric cylinder in the operation box drives the lifting platform to ascend and descend, a magnetic attraction area of the lifting platform attracts the bottom of the guardrail stand column, and the clamping assemblies are slidably connected with the lifting platform and clamp the guardrail stand column; the second fixing part comprises a supporting stand column and a magnetic attraction fixing piece, a driving piece on the supporting stand column is connected through a lead screw structure and drives the magnetic attraction fixing piece to rotate, the magnetic attraction fixing piece makes contact with the guardrail stand column, and vertical position exchange of the guardrail stand column is achieved through cooperation of the magnetic attraction fixing piece and the guardrail stand column. According to the device, the guardrail stand column can be pre-fixed quickly, all-round welding can be completed without bending down, the labor intensity is reduced, and the welding efficiency and quality are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of welding auxiliary tooling, more specifically, relates to a bridge steel member welding positioning tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] Bridge steel members are the core components of modern bridge structures, among which guardrail posts, as key components to ensure the safety of bridge traffic, are widely used in various bridge projects such as expressways and first-class highways. Guardrail posts are mostly processed by steel structure welding process, and the welding quality directly affects the overall safety performance and service life of the bridge. In the welding operation, the constituent plates of the guardrail post need to be positioned and fixed first, and after one side is welded, the posture of the post needs to be adjusted for overall welding, so the stability and operation convenience of the welding positioning tool are crucial to the welding efficiency and quality.

[0003] In the prior art, for example, patent number CN202411462134.5, a steel structure bridge member welding positioning tool, includes a base, a welding platform is rotatably installed on the base, a top fixing structure, a lifting structure, an inclination structure and a clamping structure are provided on the welding platform, the assembly and fixation of the guardrail post are realized through the cooperation of the structures, and multi-face welding can be completed by rotating the welding platform in the vertical state to avoid manual turning of the post. Although this tool solves the problem of heavy manual turning in traditional welding, it still has obvious deficiencies: first, it lacks a pre-fixing mechanism for the guardrail post, and stable positioning can only be achieved through the coordinated operation of the clamping structure and the top fixing structure, which makes the positioning process complicated and prone to affect the welding precision due to initial positioning deviation; second, it can only switch the welding surface by rotating the welding platform, and cannot adjust the up-down position of the guardrail post, so the operator still needs to bend over when welding the lower part of the post, which increases the labor intensity and reduces the operation comfort, and long-term operation can easily lead to fatigue, thereby affecting the welding quality.

[0004] During the welding process of the guardrail post, the stability of the initial pre-fixing directly determines the subsequent welding precision, and lack of effective pre-fixing can easily lead to post displacement during welding; at the same time, the operation posture of the welding operation directly affects the operation efficiency and personnel comfort, and bending over not only increases the labor burden, but also may cause welding defects due to inconvenient operation.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a welding positioning tool that can quickly pre-fix the guardrail post and flexibly adjust the up-down position of the post to solve the problems of complicated positioning process and poor operation comfort in the prior art, and to improve the efficiency and quality of welding operation. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above problems, and a bridge steel member welding positioning tool is designed.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention to achieve the above objectives is as follows: A welding positioning fixture for bridge steel components includes a base and a worktable rotatably connected above it. The worktable is provided with a first fixing part and multiple sets of second fixing parts. The first fixing part is located between the multiple sets of second fixing parts. The guardrail post is placed on the first fixing part and locked between the multiple sets of second fixing parts. The first fixing part includes a running box and multiple sets of clamping components. A lifting platform is provided above the running box, and multiple sets of first electric cylinders for driving the lifting platform to adjust vertically are provided inside the running box. The lifting platform is installed on the ends of multiple sets of first electric shafts. A magnetic attraction area is provided on the lifting platform. The bottom of the guardrail post is located in the magnetic attraction area. The clamping components are slidably connected to the lifting platform, and the guardrail post is clamped by the multiple sets of clamping components. The second fixing part includes a support column and a magnetic fastener. The support column is equipped with a drive component for driving the magnetic fastener to rotate around its own axis. The drive component and the support column are connected by a screw structure. The magnetic fastener is installed on the drive component and contacts the guardrail column. The guardrail column can be adjusted up and down by the cooperation of the drive component and the magnetic fastener.

[0008] In a further optimized version, the lifting platform has an installation slot in the magnetic attraction area, through which multiple sets of first electromagnets are installed at the bottom of the lifting platform by screws, and the magnetic attraction end of the first electromagnet is locked in the installation slot. A magnetic suction surface is formed by multiple sets of first electromagnet magnetic suction end faces. The magnetic suction surface is lower than the top surface of the lifting platform. An installation layer is formed between the magnetic suction surface and the top surface of the lifting platform, and a magnetic suction plate is set in the installation layer. The bottom surface of the magnetic plate contacts the magnetic suction surface, and the top surface of the magnetic plate protrudes above the lifting platform. The guardrail post is placed on the magnetic plate, and the two are in contact with each other.

[0009] In a further optimized configuration, a ventilation box is installed inside the operating box. The ventilation box is installed at the bottom of the lifting platform by multiple sets of screws to form a ventilation cavity. Multiple sets of first electromagnets are located inside the ventilation cavity, and ventilation gaps are formed between the multiple sets of first electromagnets and adjacent first electromagnets. The ventilation gaps are connected to the ventilation cavity. The operating box is equipped with a first air pump, and the ventilation box is equipped with an air inlet pipe, which is connected to the first air pump through an air guide pipe. The magnetic plate has ventilation slots corresponding to the ventilation gaps, forming a ventilation path through the ventilation slots and ventilation gaps. The air outlet direction of the ventilation path is upward, and the cross-section of the ventilation slot is trapezoidal.

[0010] In a further optimized configuration, the clamping assembly includes a second electric cylinder. Mounting plates are provided on both sides of the lifting platform. Multiple sets of slide rails are provided on the mounting plates. Multiple sets of sliding plates are provided at the bottom of the second electric cylinder. Slider blocks are provided on the sliding plates corresponding to the slide rails. The sliders are fitted onto the slide rails and slidably connected, allowing the second electric cylinder to move along the extension direction of the slide rails. An airbag seat is provided on the mounting plate. The airbag seat is located at the end of the mounting plate away from the guardrail post. A storage sleeve with an opening facing the guardrail post is provided on the airbag seat. The drive airbag is installed inside the storage sleeve. A connecting plate is provided at one end of the driving airbag. The connecting plate is connected to the second electric cylinder by multiple sets of screws. The movement of the second electric cylinder is achieved by inflating and deflating the driving airbag. Guide rods are provided on both sides of the connecting plate, and guide components are provided on both sides of the airbag seat, with the guide rods passing through the guide components.

[0011] In a further optimized configuration, the clamping assembly also includes a clamping element, which is mounted on the shaft end of the second electric cylinder, and the clamping assembly contacts the guardrail post through the clamping element. The clamping component includes a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate, both of which are arc-shaped. The first clamping plate is installed on the shaft end of the second electric cylinder, and the second clamping plate is located above the first clamping plate and is rotatably connected to the first clamping plate at one end. The end of the first clamping plate that is not connected to the second clamping plate is designated as the first contact part, and the end of the second clamping plate that is not connected to the first clamping plate is designated as the second contact part. Both the first contact part and the second contact part are in contact with the guardrail post.

[0012] In a further optimized configuration, the clamping component also includes a first steel plate. The first clamping component is provided with an installation sleeve, and the second clamping component is provided with a guide groove. One end of the first steel plate is locked in the installation sleeve, and the other end is locked in the guide groove, and it is slidably connected with the second clamping component. The first steel plate is used to restore the position of the second clamping component. The mounting sleeve is equipped with a reinforcing rod that extends upward along the length of the first steel sheet. When the second contact part contacts the guardrail post, it will squeeze the first steel sheet, reducing the curvature of the first steel sheet and making contact with the inner side of the reinforcing rod.

[0013] In a further optimized configuration, the driving component includes a driving base and a rotating platform. The driving base is mounted on the support column via a screw structure and moves up and down along the support column via the screw structure. The rotating platform is rotatably connected to the driving base. A protective box is provided on the drive base, and the protective box is connected to the drive base to form a protective cavity. A rotating motor is provided on one side of the drive base, and a drive gear is provided on the shaft end of the rotating motor. A rotating gear is provided on one side of the rotating table. Both the drive gear and the rotating gear are located in the protective cavity and mesh with each other. The top of the drive unit is equipped with a pump body and an oil reservoir for storing gear lubricating grease, and an oil dripping needle is installed in the protective cavity. The oil dripping needle is installed on the drive unit, and the two ends of the oil dripping needle are respectively set as the oil inlet and the oil outlet. The pump body is connected to the oil storage tank and the oil inlet of the drip needle tube via conduits, while the oil outlet of the drip needle tube is located above the meshing point of the rotating gear and the drive gear.

[0014] The further optimized magnetic fastener includes a fixed base and two sets of flexible plates. Two sets of third electric cylinders are symmetrically arranged on one side of the rotating table. The fixed base is installed on the shaft end of the two sets of third electric cylinders. A contact block is provided on the side of the fixed base facing the guardrail post. One end of the contact block is set as a contact head. The contact head is arc-shaped and contacts the surface of the guardrail post. Two sets of flexible plates are located on both sides of the contact block and are rotatably connected to the contact block. The flexible plates can be bent according to the curvature of the guardrail post. Multiple sets of second electromagnets are set on one side of the flexible plates. When the curvature of the flexible plates matches the curvature of the guardrail post, the multiple sets of second electromagnets are in contact with the surface of the guardrail post.

[0015] In a further optimized configuration, the flexible plate includes a first clamping plate, a second clamping plate, and a third clamping plate. The first clamping plate is rotatably connected to the contact block. The second clamping plate is located between the first and third clamping plates and is rotatably connected to both of them. A flexible structure is formed by the rotatable connection between the first, second, and third clamping plates. Multiple sets of second electromagnets are respectively installed on the three sets of clamping plates. Two sets of traction parts are symmetrically arranged on the flexible plate. The traction parts include traction ropes. Stepped platforms are arranged on both sides of the contact block. Two sets of slots are opened on the stepped platforms. Guide wheels are arranged in the first slot and the first plate. Limiting parts are arranged on the second plate. Connecting blocks are arranged on the third plate. At the same time, multiple sets of dual-axis motors are arranged on one side of the rotating table, and storage wheels are arranged on the shaft ends. The traction rope is set on the storage wheel. One end of the traction rope passes around two sets of guide wheels and through the limiting piece to connect with the connecting block.

[0016] A second steel plate is installed on the step platform, and one end of the second steel plate is slidably connected to the third plate.

[0017] In a further optimization, a fixing ring is provided between the base and the workbench. Multiple sets of mounting slots are provided on the fixing ring. Fixing airbags are installed in the mounting slots. A second air pump is provided on the base. The second air pump is connected to the fixing airbags to realize the inflation and deflation of the fixing airbags. The top surface of the fixed airbag is equipped with multiple sets of friction pads. When the fixed airbag is inflated, all sets of friction pads are in contact with the bottom surface of the workbench. The surface of the friction pad is treated with a sandblasted anti-slip and wear-resistant coating.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This application establishes a magnetic attraction area on the lifting platform of the first fixing part, combined with a magnetic attraction structure composed of multiple sets of first electromagnets and magnetic plates, forming a highly efficient pre-fixing mechanism. This precisely solves the problems of lack of pre-fixation and cumbersome positioning processes in existing technologies. When the guardrail post is placed on the magnetic plate of the lifting platform, the first electromagnet is energized to generate magnetic force, which quickly attracts and fixes the bottom of the guardrail post through the magnetic plate. Initial positioning can be completed without relying on the coordinated operation of the clamping structure and the top fixing structure, greatly simplifying the positioning process and shortening the positioning time. At the same time, the magnetic pre-fixing can quickly restrict the guardrail post to the preset position, effectively avoiding the initial positioning deviation caused by manual placement, and laying the foundation for the subsequent clamping of the clamping components and magnetic fixing parts.

[0019] This application achieves flexible repositioning of the guardrail posts by utilizing the coordinated design of the driving component and the magnetic fixing component of the second fixing part, fundamentally solving the problem of bending over during operation. The magnetic fixing component uses multiple sets of second electromagnets to adhere to the surface of the guardrail post, and combined with the adaptive bending design of the flexible plate, it forms a stable clamping and fixing effect, ensuring that the guardrail post will not shift or fall off during posture adjustment. The driving component, through a rotating motor driving gear transmission, drives the rotating table and the magnetic fixing component to rotate synchronously around their own axis, thereby pulling the guardrail post to complete a 180° rotation, realizing the repositioning of the front and rear ends. During welding, when welding the lower part of the guardrail post, the operator does not need to bend over to get close. Simply drive the guardrail post to rotate using the driving component, and the area to be welded, which was originally located at the bottom, can be rotated to an upper position that is easy to operate. The operator can always maintain a comfortable standing working posture, reducing labor intensity.

[0020] In terms of stability, the first fixing part uses a dual-drive clamping assembly with an arc-shaped clamping plate, ensuring precise resetting and reliable strength. The flexible plate of the second fixing part can adapt to the curvature of irregularly shaped guardrail posts, and with multi-point magnetic fixation, adaptability and stability are greatly improved. Regarding heat dissipation and protection, the ventilation path quickly dissipates heat from the electromagnet, while the protective cavity and automatic oil drip design isolate smoke and dust, reduce gear wear, and lower maintenance costs. The base fixing airbag and friction plate can quickly lock the workbench angle, preventing welding displacement. The overall structure balances practicality, stability, and ease of maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembled structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic attraction area in the first fixing part of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the first fixing part clamping assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are separated; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled drive component of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled magnetic fastener of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the magnetic fastener of the present invention; Figure 9 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of region a in the middle.

[0022] In the diagram, the correspondence between component names and their corresponding reference numerals is as follows: 11. Base; 12. Workbench; 13. Fixing ring; 14. Mounting slot; 15. Fixing airbag; 16. Friction plate; 21. Guardrail post; 301. Running box; 302. Lifting platform; 303. First electric cylinder; 304. Mounting through slot; 305. First electromagnet; 306. Magnetic plate; 307. Ventilation box; 308. Ventilation slot; 309. Mounting plate; 310. Slide rail; 401. Support column; 402. Drive seat; 403. Rotating table; 404. Protective box; 405. Rotating motor; 406. Drive gear; 407. Rotating gear; 408. Pump body; 409. Oil storage tank; 410. Oil drip needle; 501. Second electric cylinder; 502. Sliding plate; 503. 504. Airbag seat; 505. Storage sleeve; 506. Drive airbag; 507. Guide rod; 508. Guide component; 509. First clamping plate; 510. Second clamping plate; 511. First steel plate; 512. Mounting sleeve; 513. Guide groove; 514. Reinforcing rod; 601. Fixed seat; 602. Third electric cylinder; 603. Contact block; 604. Contact head; 605. Second electromagnet; 606. First clamping plate; 607. Second clamping plate; 608. Third clamping plate; 609. Traction rope; 610. Step platform; 611. Slot; 612. Guide wheel; 613. Limiting component; 614. Connecting block; 615. Dual-axis motor; 616. Storage wheel; 617. Second steel plate. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0024] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, the present invention provides a welding positioning fixture for bridge steel components, including a base 11 and a worktable 12 rotatably connected above it. The base 11 provides stable support for the overall fixture. The worktable 12 and the base 11 are provided with an annular slide rail and a matching sliding connector at the rotatable connection point, so as to ensure that the worktable 12 can rotate around the central axis of the base 11.

[0025] The rotation of the worktable 12 includes two implementation modes: The first type is the manual rotation mode, in which the operator can directly push the worktable 12 to rotate around the base 11 to adjust the welding position of the guardrail post 21. At this time, the fixing ring 13 set between the base 11 and the worktable 12 plays a role. The fixing ring 13 has multiple sets of mounting slots 14, each equipped with a fixing airbag 15. The fixing airbag 15 is connected to the second air pump on the base 11 through an air guide pipe. When the worktable 12 rotates to the target welding angle, the second air pump starts to inflate the fixing airbag 15. After the fixing airbag 15 expands, it drives multiple sets of friction plates 16 on the top surface to make close contact with the bottom surface of the worktable 12. The surface of the friction plates 16 is treated with sandblasting anti-slip and wear-resistant coating, which can increase the friction with the bottom surface of the worktable 12 and prevent the worktable 12 from shaking during the welding process. The second type is the motor-driven rotation mode. A drive motor is installed at the rotational connection between the base 11 and the worktable 12. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the worktable 12 through a gear transmission or belt transmission structure. Starting the drive motor can drive the worktable 12 to rotate automatically. In this mode, the fixed airbag 15 can still be used. After the worktable 12 stops rotating, the fixed airbag 15 and the friction plate 16 further reinforce the position of the worktable 12 to prevent the worktable 12 from shifting due to welding vibration.

[0026] The workbench 12 is provided with a first fixing part and multiple sets of second fixing parts. The first fixing part is located between the multiple sets of second fixing parts, forming an enclosing positioning structure for the guardrail post 21. The guardrail post 21 is placed on the first fixing part and simultaneously locked between the multiple sets of second fixing parts. Through the coordinated action of the first fixing part and the second fixing part, the guardrail post 21 is stably placed on the workbench 12.

[0027] The first fixed part includes a running box 301 and multiple sets of clamping components. The running box 301 is fixedly installed in the central area of ​​the workbench 12, forming a sealed cavity inside to provide installation space and protection for each component. A lifting platform 302 is installed above the running box 301. The lifting platform 302 is horizontally arranged. Multiple sets of first electric cylinders 303 are installed inside the running box 301 to drive the lifting platform 302 to adjust vertically. The multiple sets of first electric cylinders 303 are evenly distributed, and their cylinder bodies are fixed to the bottom inner wall of the running box 301. The lifting platform 302 is fixedly installed on the piston rod shaft end of the multiple sets of first electric cylinders 303 by bolts to ensure the stability of the lifting platform 302 during the lifting process. A magnetic attraction area is provided on the lifting platform 302, which corresponds to the placement position of the guardrail post 21. The bottom of the guardrail post 21 is placed in the magnetic attraction area, and the initial positioning is achieved by the attraction effect of the magnetic attraction area. The clamping assembly is slidably connected to the lifting platform 302. Specifically, this is achieved through the cooperation of the mounting plates 309 on both sides of the lifting platform 302, the slide rails 310 on the mounting plates 309, and the sliders 503 on the bottom sliding plate 502 of the second electric cylinder 501. The sliders 503 are sleeved on the slide rails 310, allowing the clamping assembly to move along the extension direction of the slide rails 310. Thus, multiple sets of clamping assemblies are used to clamp and fix the guardrail posts 21 from both sides.

[0028] The operating logic of the first electric cylinder 303 and the lifting platform 302 is adapted to different operating scenarios: In the initial pre-fixing stage, the first electric cylinder 303 is in the extended state, driving the lifting platform 302 to rise to the preset height. At this time, the magnetic attraction area on the lifting platform 302 is attracted to the bottom of the guardrail post 21 by the magnetic attraction of the first electromagnet 305. At the same time, the clamping component moves closer to the guardrail post 21 under the coordinated drive of the second electric cylinder 501 and the driving airbag 506. The guardrail post 21 is clamped by the cooperation of the first clamping plate 509 and the second clamping plate 510, achieving the dual effect of pre-fixing and formal fixing; when it is necessary to When swapping the ends of the guardrail posts 21, the clamping assembly first releases its fixation to the guardrail posts 21. That is, the second electric cylinder 501 retracts, driving the airbag 506 to deflate and moving the clamping parts away from the guardrail posts 21. Then, the first electric cylinder 303 retracts, causing the lifting platform 302 to move downward, so that the lifting platform 302 is no longer in contact with the bottom of the guardrail posts 21. After the lifting platform 302 descends, a sufficient gap is formed between it and the guardrail posts 21, effectively preventing the components of the first fixing part from hindering the rotation of the guardrail posts 21, preventing collisions between the two, and ensuring the smooth operation of swapping the ends of the guardrail posts 21.

[0029] The second fixing part includes a support column 401 and a magnetic fixing component. The support column 401 is arranged vertically and its bottom is fixed to the workbench 12 by bolts. Multiple sets of support columns 401 are symmetrically distributed around the first fixing part to provide stable support for subsequent positioning operations. The support column 401 is provided with a driving component for driving the magnetic fixing component to rotate around its own axis. The driving component and the support column 401 are connected by a screw structure. The screw structure includes a screw arranged along the height direction of the support column 401 and a nut seat sleeved on the screw. The nut seat is fixedly connected to the driving seat 402 of the driving component. One end of the screw is connected to a drive motor installed on the top of the support column 401. Starting the drive motor can drive the screw to rotate, thereby driving the nut seat and the driving seat 402 to move up and down along the support column 401.

[0030] The magnetic fastener is mounted on the rotating platform 403 of the driving component. It includes a fixed base 601 and two sets of flexible plates. The fixed base 601 is connected to the rotating platform 403 through two sets of third electric cylinders 602. The third electric cylinders 602 can drive the fixed base 601 to move closer to or away from the guardrail post 21. The contact block 603 and contact head 604 on the side of the fixed base 601 facing the guardrail post 21 are in contact with the surface of the guardrail post 21. The two sets of flexible plates can bend adaptively according to the curvature of the guardrail post 21. With the help of multiple sets of second electromagnets 605, the guardrail post 21 is attracted and fixed. When the vertical position of the guardrail post 21 needs to be changed, the magnetic fastener first uses the second electromagnet 605 to attract and fix the guardrail post 21. Then, the drive motor 405 starts, driving the drive gear 406 to rotate. The drive gear 406 meshes with the rotating gear 407 on one side of the rotating table 403, thereby driving the rotating table 403 and the magnetic fastener to rotate synchronously around their own axis. The magnetic fastener drives the guardrail post 21 to rotate together, realizing the change of the head and tail positions. There is no need for operators to manually flip it, reducing labor intensity. At the same time, the screw structure can drive the drive unit and the magnetic fastener to move up and down as a whole, and adjust the height and orientation of the guardrail post 21 in conjunction with the rotation action, so that the area to be welded is always in a position that is easy to operate.

[0031] like Figures 2 to 5 , Figure 9As shown, the lifting platform 302 has a through-slot 304 extending through its upper and lower surfaces in the magnetic attraction area. The number of through-slots 304 corresponds one-to-one with the number of sets of first electromagnets 305, and the size of the through-slots 304 is adapted to the shape of the magnetic attraction end of the first electromagnet 305, ensuring that the magnetic attraction end of the first electromagnet 305 can be smoothly inserted. Multiple sets of first electromagnets 305 are fixedly installed on the bottom of the lifting platform 302 with screws. The screws pass through the mounting holes on the housing of the first electromagnet 305 and engage with the threaded holes on the bottom of the lifting platform 302, achieving a stable connection between the first electromagnet 305 and the lifting platform 302, preventing the first electromagnet 305 from loosening or shifting during operation. The magnetic attraction end of the first electromagnet 305 is engaged in the through-slot 304, with its end face flush with or slightly protruding from the bottom surface of the lifting platform 302, ensuring effective exposure of the magnetic attraction end while avoiding collision damage caused by excessive protrusion of the magnetic attraction end. When the first electromagnet 305 is energized, it generates magnetic force, which is released to the outside through the magnetic suction end, providing an adsorption force for the pre-fixation of the guardrail post 21. When it is not energized, it does not generate magnetic force, making it easy to place and remove the guardrail post 21, adapting to the needs of different operation stages.

[0032] A magnetic suction surface is formed by splicing the end faces of multiple sets of first electromagnets 305. The magnetic suction surface is horizontal and its height is lower than the top surface of the lifting platform 302. A ring-shaped mounting layer is formed between the two. The height of the mounting layer matches the thickness of the magnetic suction plate 306, providing space for the installation of the magnetic suction plate 306. The mounting layer allows the magnetic suction plate 306 to be embedded within it, ensuring the stability of the magnetic suction plate 306 after installation and preventing the magnetic suction plate 306 from protruding excessively and affecting the placement of the guardrail post 21.

[0033] The magnetic plate 306 is made of a metal material with good magnetic permeability. Its size covers the entire magnetic attraction area, and it can evenly conduct the magnetic force generated by the first electromagnet 305. The magnetic plate 306 is installed in the mounting layer, with its bottom surface in contact with the magnetic attraction surface, ensuring that the magnetic force can be efficiently transmitted to the top surface of the magnetic plate 306. The top surface protrudes above the lifting platform 302, forming a support surface that contacts the bottom of the guardrail post 21.

[0034] The top surface of the magnetic suction plate 306 protrudes 3-8mm above the lifting platform 302. This protrusion height allows the bottom of the guardrail post 21 to fully contact the top surface of the magnetic suction plate 306, ensuring that the magnetic force generated by the first electromagnet 305 is transmitted to the guardrail post 21 through the magnetic suction plate 306, forming a stable adsorption effect. At the same time, the reasonably controlled protrusion height can prevent the center of gravity of the guardrail post 21 from shifting due to an excessively high bottom support point, ensuring the stability of the guardrail post 21 after placement. This protruding structure can clearly distinguish the magnetic suction area from the top surface of the lifting platform 302, allowing operators to quickly identify the placement position of the guardrail post 21 and facilitating the initial alignment of the guardrail post 21.

[0035] When the guardrail post 21 is placed on the magnetic plate 306, both surfaces are in full contact. Under the magnetic force of the first electromagnet 305, the magnetic plate 306 generates an attractive force, forming an adhesive fixation on the bottom of the guardrail post 21, thus achieving preliminary pre-fixation of the guardrail post 21 and laying the foundation for the precise clamping of subsequent clamping components. The magnetic plate 306 also acts as a buffer, avoiding wear caused by direct contact between the bottom of the guardrail post 21 and the magnetic end of the first electromagnet 305. At the same time, it expands the adsorption contact area, making the adsorption force distribution more uniform and improving the stability of the pre-fixation. In addition, the magnetic plate 306 can be replaced according to the bottom size of different specifications of guardrail post 21. The original magnetic plate 306 can be removed simply by unscrewing the screws, and a suitable magnetic plate 306 can be replaced and re-fixed, enhancing the adaptability of the tooling.

[0036] A ventilation box 307 is installed inside the operating box 301. The ventilation box 307 has a frame structure, and its top is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting platform 302 by multiple sets of screws. A gap is left between the bottom and the bottom inner wall of the operating box 301, forming a ventilation cavity surrounding multiple sets of first electromagnets 305. The ventilation cavity is a closed and through cavity, which can guide the airflow in an orderly manner inside, providing a heat dissipation channel for the first electromagnets 305.

[0037] Multiple sets of first electromagnets 305 are neatly arranged within the ventilation cavity, with ventilation gaps reserved between adjacent sets of first electromagnets 305. The width of the ventilation gaps is adapted to the internal space of the ventilation cavity, ensuring complete communication between the ventilation gaps and the ventilation cavity, allowing airflow to smoothly pass through the area between each first electromagnet 305. The frame structure of the ventilation box 307 provides lateral protection for the first electromagnets 305, preventing external debris from contacting them, while also not obstructing airflow. Through the cooperation of the ventilation cavity and ventilation gaps, a heat dissipation space covering all the first electromagnets 305 is constructed, promptly removing the heat generated by the first electromagnets 305 during operation and preventing high temperatures from causing a decrease in the magnetic attraction performance or a shortened service life of the first electromagnets 305.

[0038] A first air pump is installed inside the operating box 301 on the side away from the ventilation box 307. The first air pump is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the operating box 301 by bolts, and its output end is connected to an air guide pipe. The air guide pipe is made of flexible material to adapt to the installation space layout inside the operating box 301. An air inlet pipe is fixedly installed on one side wall of the ventilation box 307. One end of the air inlet pipe communicates with the interior of the ventilation box 307, and the other end is fixedly connected to the end of the air guide pipe away from the first air pump through a flange to ensure no leakage during airflow transmission.

[0039] After the first air pump is started, it draws in and pressurizes outside air. The pressurized airflow is then transported to the intake pipe through the air guide pipe, and from there enters the ventilation chamber. Utilizing the surrounding structure of the ventilation chamber, the airflow is evenly distributed to all areas of the chamber and flows through the ventilation gaps over the surface of each set of first electromagnets 305, achieving comprehensive heat dissipation for the first electromagnets 305. The first air pump provides a continuous power source for the ventilation path, ensuring that the airflow maintains a stable velocity and meets the heat dissipation requirements of the first electromagnets 305 during long-term operation.

[0040] Multiple ventilation slots 308 are formed on the magnetic plate 306 at positions corresponding to the ventilation gaps. The ventilation slots 308 penetrate the upper and lower surfaces of the magnetic plate 306, and their number corresponds one-to-one with the number of ventilation gaps. The positions of the ventilation slots 308 and the ventilation gaps are perfectly aligned to ensure that airflow can smoothly enter the ventilation slots 308 from the ventilation gaps. Through the corresponding connection between the ventilation slots 308 and the ventilation gaps, a complete ventilation path is formed. The airflow starts from the first air pump, enters the ventilation chamber through the air guide pipe and the air inlet pipe, then flows into the ventilation slots 308 through the ventilation gaps, and finally exits upward from the upper opening of the ventilation slots 308.

[0041] The ventilation path directs the airflow upwards, effectively removing heat from the first electromagnet 305 and simultaneously blowing air towards the guardrail post 21. Immediately after welding, the guardrail post 21 retains a significant amount of residual heat. The upward-blowing airflow directly acts on the bottom of the guardrail post 21 and the welding area near the bottom, accelerating air circulation around the weld and quickly removing the residual heat, thus cooling the weld. This cooling method prevents changes in material properties caused by prolonged exposure to high temperatures at the weld, while also reducing stress concentration due to excessive temperature differences between the weld and the surrounding environment, lowering the risk of welding deformation. Furthermore, the continuous airflow removes some of the fumes and spatter generated during welding, reducing the adhesion of impurities to the weld and surrounding surfaces, providing a clean working surface for subsequent welding processes or quality inspection, and further ensuring the stability of welding quality.

[0042] An airflow layer is formed between the bottom of the guardrail post 21 and the magnetic plate 306, reducing the adhesion of fumes and spatter generated during welding to the surface of the magnetic plate 306. This also lowers the temperature at the bottom of the guardrail post 21, preventing high temperatures from affecting the welding quality. The ventilation slot 308 has a trapezoidal cross-section, with the width of its lower opening matching the width of the ventilation gap, and the upper opening wider than the lower opening. This structure reduces airflow resistance, increases airflow velocity, and expands the contact area between the airflow and the bottom of the guardrail post 21, enhancing heat dissipation and anti-adhesion effects.

[0043] The clamping assembly includes a second electric cylinder 501, which provides the main driving force for the clamping action. Its cylinder body is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 502. Mounting plates 309 are bolted to both sides of the lifting platform 302. The mounting plates 309 are vertically arranged and perpendicularly fitted to the edges of the lifting platform 302. Multiple sets of slide rails 310 are arranged along the length of the mounting plates 309. The slide rails 310 are elongated protruding structures, and their length is adapted to the clamping stroke of the guardrail post 21. The bottom of the second electric cylinder 501 is welded and fixed with multiple sets of sliding plates 502. The sliding plates 502 are arranged parallel to the mounting plate 309. A slider 503 is integrally formed on the sliding plate 502 corresponding to the position of the slide rail 310. The slider 503 has a groove adapted to the slide rail 310. The slider 503 is sleeved on the slide rail 310 to form a sliding connection, so that the second electric cylinder 501 can move smoothly along the extension direction of the slide rail 310, thereby driving the subsequent clamping parts to approach or move away from the guardrail post 21.

[0044] An airbag seat 504 is welded to the end of the mounting plate 309 away from the guardrail post 21. The airbag seat 504 is a block structure, and a storage sleeve 505 is welded to the side facing the guardrail post 21. The storage sleeve 505 is a tubular structure with openings at both ends, and the interior is reserved to accommodate the driving airbag 506. The driving airbag 506 is made of wear-resistant and pressure-resistant flexible material. One end of it is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the storage sleeve 505, and the other end is bonded to a connecting plate. The connecting plate is a flat metal plate structure, which is fixedly connected to the cylinder end face of the second electric cylinder 501 by multiple sets of screws, so as to realize the synchronous linkage between the driving airbag 506 and the second electric cylinder 501. When the drive airbag 506 inflates, its volume expands and pushes the connecting plate towards the guardrail post 21, thereby driving the second electric cylinder 501 to move along the slide rail 310; when the drive airbag 506 deflates, its volume contracts, and the second electric cylinder 501 moves in the opposite direction under its own weight or external pulling force. By inflating and deflating the drive airbag 506, the second electric cylinder 501 is assisted in achieving precise movement adjustment, improving the stability of the clamping action.

[0045] Guide rods 507 are welded to both sides of the connecting plate. The guide rods 507 are cylindrical metal rods arranged perpendicularly to the connecting plate. Guide members 508 are fixed to both sides of the airbag seat 504 by screws. The guide members 508 have through holes adapted to the guide rods 507, and the guide rods 507 pass through these through holes to form a sliding fit. When the driving airbag 506 pushes the connecting plate to move, the guide rods 507 slide synchronously along the through holes of the guide members 508, limiting the direction of movement of the connecting plate and preventing it from shifting or twisting. This ensures that the second electric cylinder 501 always moves along the extension direction of the slide rail 310, guaranteeing the movement accuracy of the clamping assembly.

[0046] The clamping assembly also includes a clamping member for direct contact with the guardrail post 21. The clamping member is bolted to the piston rod shaft end of the second electric cylinder 501. The clamping assembly contacts the surface of the guardrail post 21 through the clamping member, thereby clamping and fixing the guardrail post 21. The clamping member includes a first clamping plate 509 and a second clamping plate 510. Both the first clamping plate 509 and the second clamping plate 510 are made of high-strength metal material and are both arc-shaped, forming an arched structure. One end of the first clamping plate 509 is bolted to the shaft end of the second electric cylinder 501. The second clamping plate 510 is located above the first clamping plate 509, and one end of it is rotatably connected to the upper end of the first clamping plate 509 through a hinge structure, allowing the second clamping plate 510 to rotate around the hinge point to accommodate guardrail posts 21 of different diameters.

[0047] The end of the first clamping plate 509 not connected to the second clamping plate 510 is the first contact portion, and the end of the second clamping plate 510 not connected to the first clamping plate 509 is the second contact portion. Both the first and second contact portions have smooth surfaces to prevent scratching the surface of the guardrail post 21. When the clamping component approaches the guardrail post 21, the first contact portion first contacts the lower surface of the guardrail post 21. As the second electric cylinder 501 continues to advance, the second clamping plate 510 rotates around the hinge under the squeezing action of the guardrail post 21, causing the second contact portion to gradually adhere to the upper surface of the guardrail post 21. Finally, the first and second contact portions together contact the surface of the guardrail post 21, forming a clamping effect on the guardrail post 21 from both top and bottom directions, thus improving the stability of the clamping.

[0048] The clamping component also includes a first steel plate 511 for assisting the repositioning of the second clamping plate 510. The first steel plate 511 is made of an elastic metal material, capable of deforming under force and returning to its original shape after the external force is removed. An mounting sleeve 512 is welded to the outer wall of the first clamping plate 509. The mounting sleeve 512 is a tubular structure with open ends, and its axis is perpendicular to the surface of the first clamping plate 509. A guide groove 513 is formed on the outer wall of the second clamping plate 510. The guide groove 513 is an elongated groove extending along the length of the second clamping plate 510. One end of the first steel plate 511 is engaged in the mounting sleeve 512, which restricts its end position. The other end is engaged in the guide groove 513 and forms a sliding connection with the second clamping plate 510. When the second clamping plate 510 rotates, the end of the first steel plate 511 can slide along the guide groove 513, preventing jamming.

[0049] When the clamping element is not in contact with the guardrail post 21, the first steel plate 511 is in a naturally bent state, pushing the second clamping plate 510 to maintain an open posture, facilitating the insertion of the guardrail post 21. When the second contact part contacts the guardrail post 21 and is compressed, the second clamping plate 510 rotates around the hinge, thereby generating a compressive force on the first steel plate 511, reducing the curvature of the first steel plate 511 and gradually making it straight. A reinforcing rod 514 is welded onto the mounting sleeve 512. The reinforcing rod 514 is a cylindrical metal rod that extends upward along the length of the first steel plate 511, with its inner sidewall facing the outer surface of the first steel plate 511. When the curvature of the first steel plate 511 decreases to a certain extent, its outer surface contacts the inner side of the reinforcing rod 514. The reinforcing rod 514 provides support for the first steel plate 511, preventing the first steel plate 511 from undergoing plastic deformation due to excessive compression and ensuring its elastic recovery function. When the clamping assembly releases its fixation on the guardrail post 21, the first steel plate 511 returns to its natural bending state under its own elasticity, pushing the second clamping plate 510 to rotate in the opposite direction around the hinge, thereby realizing the automatic restoration of the position of the second clamping plate 510 and preparing for the next clamping operation.

[0050] like Figure 2 , Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the driving component includes a driving seat 402 and a rotating table 403. The driving seat 402 is a block-shaped metal structure with a threaded hole on one side that is adapted to the lead screw structure. The lead screw structure is arranged along the height direction of the support column 401. The two ends of the lead screw are rotatably connected to the support column 401 through bearings. The driving seat 402 is sleeved on the lead screw through the threaded hole to form a threaded engagement.

[0051] The support column 401 is also equipped with a guide rail, and the other side of the drive seat 402 is equipped with a guide slider corresponding to the guide rail. The guide slider is sleeved on the guide rail to restrict the rotational freedom of the drive seat 402. This is a conventional structure and is not shown in the figure.

[0052] When the lead screw rotates under the drive of the external drive mechanism, the drive seat 402 moves smoothly up and down along the height direction of the support column 401 under the action of the thread force and the limiting action of the guide rail, thereby driving the subsequent structure to rise and fall synchronously. The rotating table 403 has a disc-shaped structure, one side of which is rotatably connected to the end face of the drive seat 402 through a slewing bearing. The inner ring of the slewing bearing is fixed to the rotating table 403, and the outer ring is fixed to the drive seat 402, so that the rotating table 403 can rotate flexibly around its own axis, providing a rotational basis for the replacement of the head and tail of the guardrail column 21.

[0053] A protective box 404 is bolted to the drive base 402. The protective box 404 is a box structure with one open end, and its open end fits against the end face of the drive base 402. The bolted connection forms a closed protective cavity, which encloses the gear transmission structure and serves to prevent dust and welding spatter corrosion. A rotary motor 405 is fixedly mounted on one side of the drive base 402 via a motor mount. The output shaft of the rotary motor 405 extends through the side wall of the drive base 402 into the protective cavity, and a drive gear 406 is fixedly mounted on the end of the output shaft via a key connection.

[0054] A rotating gear 407 is provided on the side of the rotating platform 403 near the drive base 402. Both the drive gear 406 and the rotating gear 407 are located inside the protective cavity and mesh with each other to form a gear transmission mechanism. After the rotating motor 405 is started, its output shaft drives the drive gear 406 to rotate. The drive gear 406 drives the rotating gear 407 to rotate through meshing transmission, thereby driving the rotating platform 403 to rotate around the slewing bearing, realizing the synchronous rotation of the magnetic fixing component and the guardrail post 21, and completing the exchange of the head and tail positions. The closed structure of the protective cavity can prevent the fumes and spatter generated during the welding process from adhering to the gear surface, reducing gear wear and ensuring smooth transmission.

[0055] A pump body 408 and an oil storage tank 409 are fixedly mounted on the top of the drive unit 402 via a bracket. The oil storage tank 409 is a sealed container used to store gear lubricating grease, and it has a filling port on its top for easy replenishment of lubricating grease. An oil dripping needle tube 410 is fixedly installed inside the protective cavity via a bracket. The oil dripping needle tube 410 is a slender tubular structure with an oil inlet and an oil outlet at its two ends, respectively. The oil inlet is connected to the output end of the pump body 408 via a conduit, and the input end of the pump body 408 is connected to the bottom oil outlet of the oil storage tank 409 via another conduit, forming a complete grease delivery path.

[0056] The oil outlet of the drip needle 410 is aligned with the meshing point of the rotating gear 407 and the drive gear 406, and is located above the meshing point to ensure that the lubricating grease can accurately drip onto the meshing surface. When the gear transmission mechanism is working, the pump body 408 starts, drawing the lubricating grease from the oil reservoir 409 and delivering it through a conduit to the oil inlet of the drip needle 410, and then dripping it from the outlet into the gear meshing point. The lubricating grease is evenly distributed on the gear surface during gear rotation, reducing frictional resistance between gears, reducing wear, and extending the service life of the gears. At the same time, the lubricating grease also acts as a sealant, further preventing smoke and dust, and splashes from entering the meshing gap, ensuring the stability of the gear transmission and reducing maintenance frequency.

[0057] Meanwhile, a collection box is also installed inside the protective housing 404. The collection box is fixedly installed below the meshing area of ​​the drive gear 406 and the rotating gear 407 by a bracket. Its opening size is larger than the meshing area of ​​the two gears, which can fully collect excess lubricating grease dripping down, preventing it from dripping onto the bottom of the protective cavity, the shaft end of the rotating motor 405, or the surface of components such as the slewing bearing. An oil outlet is provided on one side of the collection box, and a sealing plug is installed at the outlet. When the lubricating grease in the collection box accumulates to a certain amount, the sealing plug can be opened to drain and recycle the grease, reducing waste and preventing increased transmission resistance or component contamination due to excess grease buildup. Furthermore, the collection box also prevents the lubricating grease from absorbing welding fumes and forming sludge, reducing the impact of sludge on the gear transmission and internal components of the protective cavity, further improving the operational stability of the drive components and reducing maintenance workload.

[0058] The magnetic fastener includes a fixed base 601 and two sets of flexible plates. Two sets of third electric cylinders 602 are symmetrically fixed to one side of the rotating platform 403 by bolts. The piston rod shaft ends of the two sets of third electric cylinders 602 are connected to the fixed base 601. The fixed base 601 and the piston rod shaft ends are locked together by bolts to ensure that the third electric cylinders 602 can drive the fixed base 601 to move synchronously when they extend or retract. A contact block 603 is integrally formed on the side of the fixed base 601 facing the guardrail post 21. The end of the contact block 603 away from the fixed base 601 is set as a contact head 604. The contact head 604 is arc-shaped, and its curvature matches the curvature of the outer surface of the common guardrail post 21. When the fixed base 601 approaches the guardrail post 21, the contact head 604 first contacts the surface of the guardrail post 21 to form a preliminary positioning.

[0059] Two sets of flexible plates are located on both sides of the contact block 603 and are rotatably connected to the side wall of the contact block 603 via a hinge structure, allowing the flexible plates to rotate around the hinge. The flexible plates employ a bendable structural design, enabling them to adapt to the actual curvature of the guardrail post 21 and ensure a close fit to the surface of the guardrail post 21. Multiple sets of second electromagnets 605 are evenly installed on the side of the flexible plate facing the guardrail post 21 using screws. The magnetic ends of the multiple sets of second electromagnets 605 all face outwards. When the curvature of the flexible plate matches the curvature of the guardrail post 21, the magnetic ends of the multiple sets of second electromagnets 605 can contact the surface of the guardrail post 21. At this time, the second electromagnets 605 are energized, generating magnetic force and adsorbing onto the surface of the guardrail post 21. Combined with the supporting effect of the contact head 604, this forms a multi-point fixation, enhancing the connection stability between the magnetic fixing component and the guardrail post 21, and providing reliable fixation for subsequent rotation and replacement of the guardrail post 21.

[0060] The flexible panel includes a first clamping plate 606, a second clamping plate 607, and a third clamping plate 608, all of which are made of high-strength metal sheets with a certain degree of toughness. One end of the first clamping plate 606 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the contact block 603 via a hinge structure. The second clamping plate 607 is located between the first clamping plate 606 and the third clamping plate 608, with one end rotatably connected to the end of the first clamping plate 606 away from the contact block 603 via a hinge structure, and the other end rotatably connected to one end of the third clamping plate 608 via a hinge structure. Through the mutual rotatable connections between the first clamping plate 606, the second clamping plate 607, and the third clamping plate 608, a flexible structure that can be bent at multiple angles is formed, allowing the flexible panel to adapt to the surface of the guardrail post 21 with different curvatures.

[0061] Multiple sets of second electromagnets 605 are respectively installed with screws on the side of the first clamping plate 606, the second clamping plate 607, and the third clamping plate 608 facing the guardrail post 21. The second electromagnets 605 on each set of clamping plates are evenly distributed to ensure balanced adsorption force in each area. When the flexible plate bends with the curvature of the guardrail post 21, each clamping plate rotates synchronously, causing the second electromagnets 605 on it to always maintain contact with the surface of the guardrail post 21, preventing some of the second electromagnets 605 from detaching from contact due to bending, and ensuring the comprehensiveness and stability of the adsorption fixation.

[0062] Two sets of traction units are symmetrically arranged on the flexible plate. Each traction unit includes a traction rope 609, which is made of high-strength, wear-resistant fiber rope and is not easily broken or deformed by stretching. A stepped platform 610 is integrally formed on the fixing seats 601 on both sides of the contact block 603. Two sets of slots 611 are provided on the stepped platform 610 to accommodate guide wheels 612. Guide wheels 612 are mounted on both the end of the first locking plate 606 near the contact block 603 and the slot 611 via rotating shafts. The guide wheels 612 can rotate freely around the rotating shafts to change the direction of force on the traction rope 609 and reduce friction.

[0063] A limiting member 613 is welded to the outer wall of the second clamping plate 607. The limiting member 613 has a through hole to restrict the movement path of the traction rope 609. A connecting block 614 is welded to the end of the third clamping plate 608 away from the second clamping plate 607. The connecting block 614 has a hanging hole to fix the end of the traction rope 609. At the same time, multiple sets of dual-axis motors 615 are fixedly installed on one side of the rotating table 403 by a motor base. The two output shaft ends of the dual-axis motors 615 are fixedly connected to a receiving wheel 616 by a key. The receiving wheel 616 is used to wind and receive the traction rope 609.

[0064] One end of the traction rope 609 is wound and fixed to the storage wheel 616, and the other end passes sequentially around the guide wheel 612 in the slot 611 and the guide wheel 612 on the first clamping plate 606, passes through the through hole on the limiting member 613, and is fixedly connected to the hanging hole of the connecting block 614. When it is necessary to adjust the bending curvature of the flexible plate, the dual-axis motor 615 is started, which drives the storage wheel 616 to rotate. The storage wheel 616 winds up or releases the traction rope 609, and the traction rope 609 pulls the third clamping plate 608 to move, thereby driving the first clamping plate 606 and the second clamping plate 607 to rotate synchronously, so as to realize the bending or unfolding of the flexible plate to adapt to the curvature of the guardrail post 21.

[0065] A second steel plate 617 is fixed to the stepped platform 610 by screws. The second steel plate 617 is made of a metal material with good elasticity. One end of the second steel plate 617 is fixed to the stepped platform 610, and the other end extends to the outside of the third clamping plate 608 and is slidably connected to the outer wall of the third clamping plate 608. When the traction rope 609 pulls the third clamping plate 608 to bend the flexible plate, the third clamping plate 608 causes the second steel plate 617 to undergo elastic deformation, and the second steel plate 617 generates a reverse elastic force. When the flexible plate needs to be unfolded, the dual-axis motor 615 rotates in the opposite direction to release the traction rope 609. The second steel plate 617 returns to its original shape under its own elastic force, pushing the third clamping plate 608 to move in the opposite direction, causing the first clamping plate 606 and the second clamping plate 607 to unfold synchronously, assisting the flexible plate to quickly reset. In addition, the second steel sheet 617 can also provide support when the flexible plate is bent, preventing the flexible plate from deforming excessively due to the reaction force of the guardrail post 21, ensuring the fit stability between the flexible plate and the guardrail post 21, while reducing the stress on the traction rope 609 and extending the service life of the traction rope 609.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, a fixing ring 13 is horizontally arranged between the base 11 and the worktable 12. The fixing ring 13 is a ring-shaped metal component, and its outer diameter is adapted to the bottom diameter of the worktable 12. The bottom of the fixing ring 13 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the base 11 by multiple sets of bolts. The fixing ring 13 is coaxially arranged with the base 11 and the worktable 12, and does not affect the rotation of the worktable 12. Multiple sets of mounting grooves 14 are evenly opened along the circumference on the top surface of the fixing ring 13. The mounting grooves 14 are arc-shaped grooves, and their dimensions match the shape of the fixed airbag 15, which are used to accommodate and limit the fixed airbag 15. A fixed airbag 15 is embedded in each set of mounting grooves 14. The fixed airbag 15 is made of wear-resistant and pressure-resistant flexible rubber material, and its edge is fixed to the inner wall of the mounting groove 14 by adhesive or pressure strips to prevent displacement during inflation.

[0067] A second air pump is fixedly installed on one side of the base 11 via a bracket. The output end of the second air pump is connected to a main air pipe, and multiple branch air pipes are connected to the main air pipe. Each branch air pipe corresponds to a fixed airbag 15 and is connected to the inflation port of the fixed airbag 15 through a sealing joint, forming a complete air circuit system. The second air pump can be started and stopped by a control switch. When started, it inflates the fixed airbag 15, causing the fixed airbag 15 to expand. When stopped, the fixed airbag 15 can be deflated through the deflation valve of the air circuit system, causing the fixed airbag 15 to retract and return to its original position. Through the cooperation of the second air pump and the fixed airbag 15, the inflation and deflation of the fixed airbag 15 is realized, adapting to the fixing and rotation requirements of the worktable 12.

[0068] Multiple sets of friction plates 16 are bonded to the top surface of the fixed airbag 15. These friction plates 16 are made of high-strength, wear-resistant material and are evenly distributed along the length of the fixed airbag 15, with the top surfaces of the friction plates 16 on each set of fixed airbags 15 remaining at the same horizontal level. When the fixed airbag 15 is inflated, its volume expands and bulges upwards, causing the multiple sets of friction plates 16 on the top surface to rise synchronously until the top surfaces of the friction plates 16 are in full contact with the bottom surface of the worktable 12. At this time, the expansion force of the fixed airbag 15 presses the friction plates 16 tightly against the bottom surface of the worktable 12. The friction between the friction plates 16 and the bottom surface of the worktable 12 restricts the rotation of the worktable 12, thus fixing the worktable 12 and preventing it from shifting due to vibration or external force during welding.

[0069] When the worktable 12 needs to be rotated, the second air pump controls the fixed airbag 15 to deflate, causing the fixed airbag 15 to contract. The friction plate 16 descends with the fixed airbag 15 and disengages from the bottom surface of the worktable 12, releasing the fixation restriction on the worktable 12. The worktable 12 can then rotate freely to adjust its angle. This mechanism ensures the stability of the worktable 12 during operation without affecting its rotational flexibility, adapting to the adjustment needs of different welding positions.

[0070] The surface of the friction plate 16 is treated with sandblasting for anti-slip and wear-resistant coating. The sandblasting process creates a rough texture on the surface of the friction plate 16, increasing the coefficient of friction between the friction plate 16 and the bottom surface of the worktable 12. This further enhances the friction force during fixing, ensuring the stability of the worktable 12 after fixing, and preventing loosening even under welding vibration or slight external force. The wear-resistant coating is made of high-strength, wear-resistant material and covers the rough surface of the friction plate 16. This enhances the wear resistance of the friction plate 16, reduces wear caused by long-term contact friction between the friction plate 16 and the bottom surface of the worktable 12, and extends the service life of the friction plate 16.

[0071] Meanwhile, the sandblasting anti-slip and wear-resistant coating treatment can also improve the high-temperature resistance of the friction plate 16, preventing the high temperature generated during the welding process from being conducted to the surface of the friction plate 16, which would cause the material of the friction plate 16 to soften or deform, thus ensuring the reliability of the friction plate 16 in different operating environments. In addition, the rough surface texture can also reduce the adhesion of welding fumes, oil stains and other impurities on the surface of the friction plate 16, reducing the impact of impurities on friction and ensuring that the friction plate 16 always maintains a good anti-slip effect.

[0072] It should be further noted that all electrically driven components in this application (including the first electric cylinder 303, the second electric cylinder 501, the third electric cylinder 602, the rotary motor 405, and the dual-axis motor 615), air pump components (the first air pump and the second air pump), and electromagnet components (the first electromagnet 305 and the second electromagnet 605) support centralized control via an external controller. The external controller can be a PLC controller or an industrial touchscreen. Through preset programs or manual operation, it enables independent operation or coordinated linkage of each component (such as the timing coordination between magnetic pre-fixation and clamping assembly placement, and the synchronous control of drive component rotation and magnetic fixation component adsorption). This provides convenient operation and a high degree of automation.

[0073] To ensure the normal operation of the device, all wiring between electronic components is arranged in accordance with industrial wiring standards: the power lines and control lines of each component use wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant shielded cables to avoid damage to the cables from high temperatures and spatter during soldering; the cables are fixed with cable trays and clamps to avoid the rotation or movement paths of moving parts and to prevent cable tangling or pulling that could cause a break in the circuit; electrical interfaces use sealed joints that are dustproof and oil-proof, ensuring stable signal transmission; the wiring of high-power components such as electromagnets and motors is arranged separately from the control lines to avoid electromagnetic interference affecting control accuracy. The overall wiring not only ensures the reliability of power supply and signal transmission for each component but also facilitates later maintenance and repair.

[0074] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and its advantages. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments.

Claims

1. A welding positioning fixture for bridge steel components, comprising a base (11) and a worktable (12) rotatably connected above it, characterized in that: The workbench (12) is provided with a first fixing part and multiple sets of second fixing parts. The first fixing part is located between multiple sets of second fixing parts. The guardrail post (21) is placed on the first fixing part and is clamped between multiple sets of second fixing parts. The first fixing part includes a running box (301) and multiple sets of clamping components. A lifting platform (302) is provided above the running box (301), and multiple sets of first electric cylinders (303) for driving the lifting platform (302) to adjust vertically are provided inside the running box (301). The lifting platform (302) is installed on the shaft end of the multiple sets of first electric cylinders (303). A magnetic attraction area is provided on the lifting platform (302). The bottom of the guardrail post (21) is located in the magnetic attraction area. The clamping components are slidably connected to the lifting platform (302) and clamp the guardrail post (21) through the multiple sets of clamping components. The second fixing part includes a support column (401) and a magnetic fastener. The support column (401) is provided with a drive component for driving the magnetic fastener to rotate around its own axis. The drive component and the support column (401) are connected by a screw structure. The magnetic fastener is installed on the drive component and contacts the guardrail column (21). The guardrail column (21) can change its up and down position through the cooperation of the drive component and the magnetic fastener.

2. The welding positioning fixture for bridge steel components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting platform (302) has an installation slot (304) in the magnetic attraction area. Multiple sets of first electromagnets (305) are installed at the bottom of the lifting platform (302) by screws, and the magnetic attraction end of the first electromagnet (305) is locked in the installation slot (304). A magnetic suction surface is formed by the magnetic suction end faces of multiple sets of first electromagnets (305). The magnetic suction surface is lower than the top surface of the lifting platform (302). An installation layer is formed between the magnetic suction surface and the top surface of the lifting platform (302), and a magnetic suction plate (306) is provided in the installation layer. The bottom surface of the magnetic plate (306) contacts the magnetic surface, the top surface of the magnetic plate (306) protrudes above the lifting platform (302), and the guardrail post (21) is placed on the magnetic plate (306), and the two are in contact with each other.

3. The bridge steel component welding positioning fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: A ventilation box (307) is provided inside the operating box (301). The ventilation box (307) is installed at the bottom of the lifting platform (302) by multiple sets of screws to form a ventilation cavity. Multiple sets of first electromagnets (305) are located in the ventilation cavity, and ventilation gaps are formed between the multiple sets of first electromagnets (305) and adjacent first electromagnets (305). The ventilation gaps are connected to the ventilation cavity. The operating box (301) is equipped with a first air pump, and the ventilation box (307) is equipped with an air inlet pipe, which is connected to the first air pump through an air guide pipe. A ventilation slot (308) is provided on the magnetic plate (306) corresponding to the ventilation gap. A ventilation path is formed by the ventilation slot (308) and the ventilation gap. The air outlet direction of the ventilation path is upward, and the cross-section of the ventilation slot (308) is trapezoidal.

4. The welding positioning fixture for bridge steel components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly includes a second electric cylinder (501), and mounting plates (309) are provided on both sides of the lifting platform (302). Multiple sets of slide rails (310) are provided on the mounting plates (309), and multiple sets of sliding plates (502) are provided at the bottom of the second electric cylinder (501). Slider (503) is provided on the sliding plates (502) corresponding to the slide rails (310). The slider (503) is sleeved on the slide rails (310) and slidably connected, so that the second electric cylinder (501) moves along the extension direction of the slide rails (310). An airbag seat (504) is provided on the mounting plate (309). The airbag seat (504) is located at the end of the mounting plate (309) away from the guardrail post (21). A storage sleeve (505) with an opening facing the guardrail post (21) is provided on the airbag seat (504). A drive airbag (506) is provided inside the storage sleeve (505). A connecting plate is provided at one end of the driving airbag (506). The connecting plate is connected to the second electric cylinder (501) by multiple sets of screws. The second electric cylinder (501) moves by inflating and deflating the driving airbag (506). Guide rods (507) are provided on both sides of the connecting plate, and guide pieces (508) are provided on both sides of the airbag seat (504). The guide rods (507) are inserted into the guide pieces (508).

5. The bridge steel component welding positioning fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping assembly also includes a clamping member, which is installed on the shaft end of the second electric cylinder (501). The clamping assembly contacts the guardrail post (21) through the clamping member. The clamping components include a first clamping plate (509) and a second clamping plate (510). Both the first clamping plate (509) and the second clamping plate (510) are arc-shaped. The first clamping plate (509) is installed on the shaft end of the second electric cylinder (501), and the second clamping plate (510) is located above the first clamping plate (509) and is rotatably connected to the first clamping plate (509) at one end. The end of the first clamping plate (509) that is not connected to the second clamping plate (510) is set as the first contact part, and the end of the second clamping plate (510) that is not connected to the first clamping plate (509) is set as the second contact part. Both the first contact part and the second contact part are in contact with the guardrail post (21).

6. The welding positioning fixture for bridge steel components according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping component also includes a first steel plate (511), an installation sleeve (512) is provided on the first clamping plate (509), and a guide groove (513) is provided on the second clamping plate (510). One end of the first steel plate (511) is locked in the installation sleeve (512), and the other end is locked in the guide groove (513), and is slidably connected with the second clamping plate (510). The position of the second clamping plate (510) is restored through the first steel plate (511). The mounting sleeve (512) is provided with a reinforcing rod (514). The reinforcing rod (514) extends upward along the length of the first steel plate (511). When the second contact part contacts the guardrail post (21), it will squeeze the first steel plate (511), reduce the curvature of the first steel plate (511), and contact the inner side of the reinforcing rod (514).

7. The welding positioning fixture for bridge steel components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component includes a driving seat (402) and a rotating table (403). The driving seat (402) is mounted on the support column (401) through a screw structure and moves up and down along the support column (401) through the screw structure. The rotating table (403) is rotatably connected to the driving seat (402). A protective box (404) is provided on the drive seat (402). The protective box (404) is connected to the drive seat (402) to form a protective cavity. A rotating motor (405) is provided on one side of the drive seat (402). A drive gear (406) is provided on the shaft end of the rotating motor (405). A rotating gear (407) is provided on one side of the rotating table (403). The drive gear (406) and the rotating gear (407) are both located in the protective cavity and mesh with each other. The top of the drive seat (402) is provided with a pump body (408) and an oil reservoir (409) for storing gear lubricating grease, and an oil dripping needle (410) is provided in the protective cavity. The oil dripping needle (410) is installed on the drive seat (402), and the two ends of the oil dripping needle (410) are respectively set as the oil inlet end and the oil outlet end. The pump body (408) is connected to the oil storage tank (409) and the oil inlet of the drip needle tube (410) respectively through the conduit, and the oil outlet of the drip needle tube (410) is located above the meshing point of the rotating gear (407) and the drive gear (406).

8. The welding positioning fixture for bridge steel components according to claim 7, characterized in that: The magnetic fastener includes a fixed base (601) and two sets of flexible plates. Two sets of third electric cylinders (602) are symmetrically arranged on one side of the rotating table (403). The fixed base (601) is installed on the shaft end of the two sets of third electric cylinders (602). A contact block (603) is provided on the side of the fixed base (601) facing the guardrail post (21). One end of the contact block (603) is set as a contact head (604). The contact head (604) is arc-shaped and contacts the surface of the guardrail post (21). Two sets of flexible plates are located on both sides of the contact block (603) and are rotatably connected to the contact block (603). The flexible plates can be bent according to the curvature of the guardrail post (21), and multiple sets of second electromagnets (605) are provided on one side of the flexible plates. When the curvature of the flexible plate is matched with the curvature of the guardrail post (21), multiple sets of second electromagnets (605) are in contact with the surface of the guardrail post (21).

9. A welding positioning fixture for bridge steel components according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flexible plate includes a first clamping plate (606), a second clamping plate (607), and a third clamping plate (608). The first clamping plate (606) is rotatably connected to the contact block (603). The second clamping plate (607) is located between the first clamping plate (606) and the third clamping plate (608) and is rotatably connected to both of them. The flexible structure is formed by the mutual rotatable connection between the first clamping plate (606), the second clamping plate (607), and the third clamping plate (608). Multiple sets of second electromagnets (605) are respectively installed on the three sets of clamping plates. Two sets of traction units are symmetrically arranged on the flexible plate. The traction units include traction ropes (609). Step platforms (610) are provided on both sides of the contact block (603). Two sets of slots (611) are provided on the step platforms (610). Guide wheels (612) are provided in the first plate (606) and the slots (611). Limiting components (613) are provided on the second plate (607). Connecting blocks (614) are provided on the third plate (608). Meanwhile, multiple sets of dual-axis motors (615) are provided on one side of the rotating table (403), and storage wheels (616) are provided on the shaft ends. The traction rope (609) is set on the storage wheel (616). One end of the traction rope (609) passes around two sets of guide wheels (612) and passes through the limiting member (613) to connect with the connecting block (614). A second steel plate (617) is provided on the step platform (610), and one end of the second steel plate (617) is slidably connected to the third card plate (608).

10. A welding positioning fixture for bridge steel components according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing ring (13) is provided between the base (11) and the worktable (12). Multiple sets of mounting slots (14) are provided on the fixing ring (13). A fixing airbag (15) is provided in the mounting slot (14). A second air pump is provided on the base (11). The second air pump is connected to the fixing airbag (15) to realize the inflation and deflation of the fixing airbag (15). The top surface of the fixed airbag (15) is provided with multiple sets of friction plates (16). When the fixed airbag (15) is in the inflated state, the multiple sets of friction plates (16) are in contact with the bottom surface of the worktable (12). The surface of the friction pad (16) is treated with sandblasting anti-slip and wear-resistant coating.

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