Glass substrate surface silver layer fixing method and system and readable storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser strengthening combination method and system for a prefabricated silver layer and a glass substrate and a readable storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: providing a glass substrate with a prefabricated silver layer on the surface; performing wavefront modulation and beam splitting on the laser beam to form a plurality of processing beams with flat-topped light intensity distribution; the light is focused on an interface transition area of the glass substrate and the prefabricated silver layer through the glass substrate; the uniform energy distribution characteristic of the flat-topped light field is used for conducting controllable sintering on the silver layer material in the interface transition area; laser energy acting on an interface is controlled within a quantitative range by cooperatively configuring laser process parameters and material characteristics, so that the silver layer is locally melted and then re-solidified to form a compact microstructure, and the bonding strength between the prefabricated silver layer and a glass substrate is fundamentally improved. The process is realized by integrating optical shaping, visual feedback and closed-loop control, the problem of insufficient binding force of the silver layer and the substrate is solved, and the method has the advantages of high precision, small heat affected zone and high binding strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of precision manufacturing technology, and more specifically, to a method, system, and readable storage medium for fixing a silver layer on the surface of a glass substrate. Background Technology

[0002] The reliable fabrication of functional silver layers on glass substrates is a common key technology in the field of optoelectronic devices. Among these methods, screen printing has become the mainstream choice for large-area glass metallization due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness. However, the silver layer deposited by this method is essentially a porous composite film formed by mixing and curing micron-sized silver powder with an organic binder. Its interface with the glass substrate is mainly based on physical adsorption and mechanical intercalation, lacking strong chemical bonding. This structural characteristic results in inherently low adhesion of the silver layer, large dispersion of electrical parameters, and susceptibility to interfacial failure under thermal cycling or mechanical stress, severely limiting its application in high-end reliable devices.

[0003] To overcome this bottleneck, laser post-processing technology is considered a potential solution. However, traditional Gaussian laser beams face fundamental challenges when applied to such heterogeneous interfaces: their spatial energy exhibits a normal distribution with significant intensity differences between the center and edges. This non-uniform energy delivery at the microscopic interface scale simultaneously induces localized overheating and energy deficiency, failing to achieve uniform sintering of silver particles and porosity elimination. Furthermore, it easily introduces microcracks due to thermal stress concentration, and may even damage the glass substrate. At its root, the energy distribution pattern of existing laser technology is inherently contradictory to the physical requirement of achieving "selective uniform strengthening of the interface." Therefore, developing a novel laser processing method capable of precisely controlling the spatial energy of heterogeneous interfaces has become a key scientific problem and technological challenge for improving the overall performance of glass-based silver layers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a method, system and readable storage medium for fixing a silver layer on a glass substrate surface.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a method for fixing a silver layer on the surface of a glass substrate, the method comprising:

[0006] S1. Prepare a silver layer on the surface of a glass substrate;

[0007] S2. Wavefront modulation is performed on the incident beam emitted by the laser to form multiple sub-beams, and the intensity distribution of each sub-beam is shaped into a flat-top distribution to form multiple flat-top beams.

[0008] S3. The formed multi-beam flat-top beam is passed through the glass substrate and focused on the interface transition zone between the glass substrate and the silver layer. The uniform energy distribution of the flat-top light field is used to achieve uniform sintering of the silver paste. Based on the material properties and process parameters, the upper and lower limits of the laser energy are controlled to generate a certain amount of heat energy in the interface transition zone. At this time, the silver layer melts locally at high temperature and then re-solidifies to form a dense structure, achieving a tight bond with the glass substrate.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S3, during the laser processing stage, the laser energy is absorbed by the silver layer and converted into heat energy. This heat is conducted to the silver layer-glass interface, causing the glass substrate surface at the interface to melt and the silver layer components to melt. The two fuse together and form a reinforced bonding layer with a continuous gradient transition of composition after cooling. At the same time, the laser will promote the sintering and densification of silver particles to improve the adhesion strength between the silver layer and the glass.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S3, the control of the upper and lower limits of laser energy based on the coordinated configuration of material properties and process parameters includes: controlling the upper and lower limits of laser energy through real-time thermal field monitoring and closed-loop feedback calculation based on the thickness uniformity of the silver paste and the pulse width of the laser.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S3, during the laser scanning stage, a fill scanning strategy is adopted to control the laser to scan along a preset trajectory, gradually covering and processing the entire interface area to ensure that the laser effect is uniform and complete.

[0012] Furthermore, after step S3, the method further includes: conducting an adhesion test on the processed silver-plated glass sample, measuring its bonding strength using the cross-cut adhesion test, and adjusting the laser processing parameters based on the adhesion test results to enhance the bonding performance between the material and the substrate.

[0013] Furthermore, after step S3, the method further includes: conducting a scratch resistance test using a scratch tester, and quantitatively adjusting the laser processing parameters based on the critical load test results to improve the scratch resistance performance of the silver layer.

[0014] Furthermore, after step S3, the method further includes: measuring the conductivity of the processed sample using a resistance tester, associating the conductivity test results with a pre-established conductivity-laser parameter correlation response model, and adjusting the laser processing parameters based on the response results to optimize the processing quality.

[0015] Secondly, this application discloses a silver layer fixing system for a glass substrate surface, the system comprising a laser wavefront modulation and flat-top shaping module, and a laser focusing control module, wherein:

[0016] The laser wavefront modulation and flat-top shaping module is used to perform wavefront modulation on the incident beam emitted by the laser to form multiple sub-beams, and to shape the intensity distribution of each sub-beam into a flat-top distribution to form multiple flat-top beams.

[0017] The laser focusing control module is used to pass multiple flat-top beams through a glass substrate with a silver layer on its surface and focus them on the interface transition zone between the glass substrate and the silver layer. The uniform energy distribution of the flat-top light field is used to achieve uniform sintering of the silver paste. Based on the material properties and process parameters, the upper and lower limits of the laser energy are controlled to generate a certain amount of heat energy in the interface transition zone. At this time, the silver layer melts locally at high temperature and then re-solidifies to form a dense structure, achieving a tight bond with the glass substrate.

[0018] Thirdly, this application discloses a readable storage medium including a method program for fixing a silver layer on a glass substrate surface. When the method program for fixing a silver layer on a glass substrate surface is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method described in any of the preceding claims.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: introducing laser processing technology into the glass silver paste layer prepared by traditional screen printing, achieving efficient and firm adhesion of the silver layer through laser processing through the glass substrate, and innovatively solving the problems of insufficient adhesion and easy damage of the silver layer. Specifically, the dynamic and precise control of laser energy and focal position, and the use of short laser pulses combined with zoom adjustment, enable precise distribution of laser energy between the glass and the silver layer, effectively controlling the molten zone and achieving optimal material bonding. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for fixing a silver layer on a glass substrate surface disclosed in this invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a silver layer fixing system for a glass substrate surface disclosed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, this application discloses a method for fixing a silver layer on a glass substrate surface, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] Step S1: Prepare a silver layer on the surface of a glass substrate, wherein the silver layer is a film layer formed by uniformly coating the surface of the glass substrate with liquid silver paste and then curing it.

[0025] It should be noted that the preparation of the silver layer falls within the scope of existing technology, and this application does not impose specific limitations on it.

[0026] Step S2: Wavefront modulation is performed on the incident beam emitted by the laser to form multiple sub-beams, and the intensity distribution of each sub-beam is shaped into a flat-top distribution to form multiple flat-top beams.

[0027] Specifically, this application reconstructs the spatial distribution of the incident laser beam through active wavefront modulation. More specifically, this application employs a comprehensive beam shaping strategy to transform the incident Gaussian beam into a beam array composed of multiple customized spots in a single operation.

[0028] The processing steps are as follows: First, based on the number, spatial arrangement, and morphology (flat-top distribution) of the target light spots, reverse calculations are performed to generate a corresponding wavefront modulation function. Subsequently, this function is physically implemented using a dynamically programmable phase modulation device (such as a spatial light modulator). Essentially, this process involves assigning a computational hologram or diffraction structure to the incident wavefront, enabling it to carry composite information of beam splitting and shaping.

[0029] During the subsequent propagation and Fourier transform process, the modulated wavefront spontaneously self-assembles on the working plane to form the desired optical field distribution through precisely controlled diffraction and interference effects. Ultimately, a multi-beam array is output, in which each sub-beam has a flat-top light intensity distribution with sharp edges and uniform internal energy, and its spatial position and energy can be independently preset, thereby meeting the requirements of high-throughput and high-consistency parallel processing.

[0030] In step S3, the formed multiple flat-top beams are passed through the glass substrate and focused on the interface transition region between the glass substrate and the silver layer. The uniform energy distribution of the flat-top light field is used to achieve uniform sintering of the silver paste. Based on the material properties and process parameters, the upper and lower limits of the laser energy are controlled to generate a certain amount of heat energy in the interface transition region. At this time, the silver layer melts locally at high temperature and then re-solidifies to form a dense structure, achieving a tight bond with the glass substrate.

[0031] It should be noted that this application dynamically adjusts the zoom position of the laser focus to control the distribution ratio of laser energy between the glass substrate and the silver layer, thereby achieving different processing effects. By fine-tuning the laser focus position, the heat energy distribution can be flexibly adjusted, and the adhesion strength of the silver paste layer can be controlled in a targeted manner.

[0032] It is important to note that laser energy control plays a crucial role in the entire processing. Only within a certain energy range can the laser power meet processing requirements without damaging material properties. If the laser energy is too low, it will fail to reach the melting points of the glass substrate and the silver layer, resulting in insufficient heating and preventing effective melting and bonding, thus affecting adhesion and overall quality. Conversely, if the energy is too high, it may cause excessive melting or even thermal damage to the glass surface, leading to a decline in substrate performance or surface defects such as cracks and bubbles. Therefore, by coordinating material properties and process parameters to control the upper and lower limits of laser energy, it is possible to dynamically match the silver paste absorption characteristics, film thickness distribution, and laser output mode within the effective laser energy range. Combined with real-time thermal field monitoring and closed-loop feedback calculation, the interface thermal energy input is precisely quantified, ensuring that the density of the melted silver layer is ≥99% and that the glass substrate is free from thermal damage. This ensures effective heating and melting of the silver layer and glass interface during laser action while avoiding irreversible thermal damage to the glass surface, thus achieving the optimal balance in the processing technology.

[0033] Specifically, this application utilizes laser processing through a glass substrate, effectively avoiding direct and intense impact on the silver layer, thus achieving a gentler and more controllable energy transfer. Furthermore, the laser energy can be precisely focused at the interface between the glass and the silver layer, causing localized high-temperature melting of the substrate glass and the silver layer, promoting a strong bond between them.

[0034] As can be seen from the above, the method for fixing a silver layer on a glass substrate disclosed in this application introduces laser processing technology into the glass silver paste layer prepared by traditional screen printing. By using laser processing through the glass substrate, the silver layer is efficiently and firmly fixed, innovatively solving the problems of insufficient adhesion and easy damage to the silver layer. Specifically, the dynamic and precise control of laser energy and focal position, along with the use of short laser pulses combined with zoom adjustment, achieves precise distribution of laser energy between the glass and the silver layer, effectively controlling the molten zone and achieving optimal material bonding.

[0035] In one embodiment, in step S3, during the laser processing stage, the focused flat-top beam energy is selectively absorbed by the pre-fabricated silver layer and converted into heat energy. This heat is rapidly conducted to the silver layer-glass interface, causing micro-regional melting on the glass surface near the interface. Simultaneously, the silver layer components melt, and in the molten state, the two undergo interdiffusion and fusion. Upon cooling, a strengthened metallurgical bonding layer with a continuous gradient transition in composition is formed. At the same time, the laser energy drives the microparticles within the silver layer to sinter and densify, eliminating micropores. The synergistic effect of the above physicochemical processes fundamentally achieves a significant improvement in the adhesion strength between the pre-fabricated silver layer and the glass substrate.

[0036] It should be noted that the pulse width of the laser used here is in the range of [100fs, 1000ns], and the laser wavelength is in the range of [355nm, 1064nm].

[0037] In one embodiment, considering that the ultraviolet picosecond laser combines the advantages of ultraviolet wavelength and picosecond pulse width, it can achieve a high-quality, high-precision "cold processing" effect. The high photon energy of the ultraviolet laser can directly break the chemical bonds of the material and is strongly absorbed by the silver layer and its glass substrate, ensuring that the energy is concentrated on the outermost layer. The picosecond-level ultrashort pulse can rapidly complete the ablation before this energy is converted into harmful heat energy, thereby almost completely suppressing heat diffusion, melting, and thermal stress. Ultimately, without damaging the surrounding materials, it significantly enhances the adhesion and density between the silver layer and the substrate, and obtains a clear and uniform processing morphology. Therefore, in the current embodiment, this application utilizes the 10 picosecond ultrashort pulse width characteristic of the ultraviolet picosecond laser to minimize the heat-affected zone, thereby avoiding glass breakage or excessive oxidation of the silver layer.

[0038] In one embodiment, step S2, which involves controlling the upper and lower limits of laser energy based on the coordinated configuration of material properties and process parameters, includes: controlling the upper and lower limits of laser energy through real-time thermal field monitoring and closed-loop feedback calculation based on the thickness uniformity of the silver paste and the pulse width of the laser.

[0039] Specifically:

[0040] 1) Thicker silver paste layers require higher laser flux to achieve complete ablation. Uneven thickness can lead to inconsistent ablation depths in some areas. Therefore, the spatial distribution of laser flux needs to be dynamically adjusted according to the morphological characteristics and thickness distribution of the silver paste to achieve uniform processing.

[0041] 2) The laser pulse width determines the time characteristics of energy action. The laser flux range needs to be optimized accordingly to match the thermal ablation response of the silver paste and avoid thermal damage to the glass substrate.

[0042] Specifically, considering that thickness uniformity can be reflected by morphology data, this application uses a contour scanner to measure the three-dimensional morphology of the silver layer and converts the three-dimensional morphology data into a quantifiable thickness uniformity index. Finally, a suitable laser energy range is determined through preliminary experiments (such as designing orthogonal experiments (morphology × thickness × pulse width) to measure adhesion and thermal damage under different pulse widths (picosecond / nanosecond / continuous wave)).

[0043] Furthermore, by integrating an infrared thermal imager and using a fuzzy PID algorithm to dynamically adjust the laser power and scanning speed, the interface temperature can be kept stable within the silver paste melting window and the glass substrate temperature can be kept below 600°C (to avoid softening).

[0044] The final determined energy range needs to ensure that the laser effectively heats and melts the silver layer and glass interface, while avoiding irreversible thermal damage to the glass surface, thereby achieving the best balance in the processing technology.

[0045] In summary, by precisely controlling the laser energy parameters, the bonding performance and processing quality of materials can be improved to the greatest extent, ensuring the stability and reliability of the final product.

[0046] In one embodiment, in step S2, during the laser scanning stage, a fill scanning strategy is adopted to control the laser to scan along a preset trajectory, thereby gradually covering and processing the entire interface area to ensure that the laser effect is uniform and complete.

[0047] In one embodiment, this application first performs a horizontal scan along the horizontal direction of the interface area, and then performs a vertical scan along the vertical direction of the interface area. By gradually covering and processing the entire interface area, the laser effect is ensured to be uniform and complete.

[0048] Specifically, this application sets the step distance to 50%–80% of the laser spot diameter, and the overlap rate of the transverse and longitudinal scanning paths to be greater than or equal to 60%, to ensure the continuity of the molten pool and avoid weak bonding areas caused by path discontinuities. In addition, the scanning speed also needs to be coordinated with the laser repetition frequency to ensure that the energy deposition time of each pulse is shorter than the heat diffusion time, achieving "cold processing" and reducing heat accumulation.

[0049] In one embodiment, after step S2, the method further includes: performing an adhesion test on the processed silver-plated glass sample, measuring its bonding strength using the cross-cut adhesion test, and adjusting the laser processing parameters based on the adhesion test results to enhance the bonding performance between the material and the substrate.

[0050] It should be noted that after processing, according to the cross-cut adhesion test results, it can be determined that the adhesion between the silver-plated glass and the glass substrate has been significantly improved, which also indicates that the process can effectively enhance the bonding performance between the material and the substrate.

[0051] Specifically, adjusting the laser processing parameters based on the adhesion test results includes:

[0052] 1) Adjustment of laser power: When the adhesion level is determined to be less than the preset threshold, the power adjustment ratio is quantified according to the difference between the adhesion level and the preset threshold (e.g., the power is increased by 10% for each level of adhesion level that is lower than the preset threshold), and the power is increased according to this ratio to increase energy input and promote the interface fusion between the silver layer and the glass.

[0053] 2) Optimization of scanning speed: When the adhesion level is determined to be less than the preset threshold, the scanning speed adjustment ratio is quantified according to the difference between the adhesion level and the preset threshold (e.g., the scanning speed is reduced by 15% for each level of adhesion level that is lower than the preset threshold), and the scanning speed is reduced by this ratio. By extending the energy deposition time, the depth of the molten pool is increased.

[0054] In one embodiment, after step S2, the method further includes: performing a scratch resistance test using a scratch tester, and quantitatively adjusting the laser processing parameters based on the critical load test results to improve the scratch resistance of the silver layer.

[0055] It should be noted that after processing, scratch resistance tests conducted using a scratch tester confirmed that the processed surface exhibited significantly better scratch resistance than the unprocessed sample. This is because the heat generated during laser processing allows for a certain degree of thermal diffusion between the silver layer and the glass surface, thereby enhancing the bonding strength between the silver layer and the glass, thus improving scratch resistance and enhancing surface mechanical durability.

[0056] Specifically, if the critical load Lc obtained from the test (i.e., the load at which the coating begins to peel or crack) is determined to be lower than a preset threshold (e.g., Lc < 15N), then the density or hardness of the silver layer is deemed insufficient. In this case, this application will proportionally increase the laser power based on the difference between the critical load and the preset threshold (e.g., when the critical load Lc is lower than the preset value by 5N, the laser power will be increased by 8%), thereby enhancing the energy input to promote the chemical bonding between silver atoms and the glass substrate and improve the coating density.

[0057] In one embodiment, after step S2, the method further includes: measuring the conductivity of the processed sample using a resistance tester, associating the conductivity test results with a pre-established conductivity-laser parameter correlation response model, and adjusting the laser processing parameters based on the response results to optimize the processing quality.

[0058] It should be noted that after measuring the conductivity of the processed sample using a resistance meter, the results showed that the laser processing did not significantly affect the resistance of the silver layer (this is because the laser energy was precisely controlled between the melting threshold and the vaporization threshold of the silver layer, triggering only micro-melting and resolidification in the interface region rather than a phase change in the entire silver layer). The conductivity of the sample remained stable and did not decrease.

[0059] Specifically, the conductivity performance-laser parameter correlation response model can be understood as a mathematical mapping model. After correlating the conductivity performance test results to the conductivity performance-laser parameter correlation response model, the laser parameter adjustment amount is determined through the preset correlation mapping relationship, and the laser processing parameters are adjusted based on the adjustment amount to optimize the processing quality.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 2 This application discloses a silver layer fixing system for a glass substrate surface, the system comprising a laser wavefront modulation and flat-top shaping module, and a laser focusing control module, wherein:

[0061] The laser wavefront modulation and flat-top shaping module is used to perform wavefront modulation on the incident beam emitted by the laser to form multiple sub-beams, and to shape the intensity distribution of each sub-beam into a flat-top distribution to form multiple flat-top beams.

[0062] The laser focusing control module is used to pass multiple flat-top beams through a glass substrate with a silver layer on its surface and focus them on the interface transition zone between the glass substrate and the silver layer. The uniform energy distribution of the flat-top light field is used to achieve uniform sintering of the silver paste. Based on the material properties and process parameters, the upper and lower limits of the laser energy are controlled to generate a certain amount of heat energy in the interface transition zone. At this time, the silver layer melts locally at high temperature and then re-solidifies to form a dense structure, achieving a tight bond with the glass substrate.

[0063] In one embodiment, the above modules are also used to implement a method for fixing a silver layer on a glass substrate surface as described in any of the foregoing method embodiments, and this application does not limit this.

[0064] As can be seen from the above, the silver layer fixing system for a glass substrate disclosed in this application introduces laser processing technology into the glass silver paste layer prepared by traditional screen printing. By using laser processing through the glass substrate, the silver layer is efficiently and firmly fixed, innovatively solving the problems of insufficient adhesion and easy damage to the silver layer. Specifically, the dynamic and precise control of laser energy and focal position, along with the utilization of the laser's short pulse and high absorption characteristics, combined with zoom adjustment, achieves precise distribution of laser energy between the glass and the silver layer, effectively controlling the molten zone and achieving optimal material bonding.

[0065] Thirdly, this application also discloses a readable storage medium, which includes a method program for fixing a silver layer on a glass substrate surface. When the method program for fixing a silver layer on a glass substrate surface is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method described in any of the preceding claims.

[0066] As can be seen from the above, the readable storage medium disclosed in this application introduces laser processing technology into the glass silver paste layer prepared by traditional screen printing. By using laser processing through the glass substrate, the silver layer is efficiently and firmly bonded, innovatively solving the problems of insufficient adhesion and susceptibility to damage. Specifically, the dynamic and precise control of laser energy and focal position, along with the use of short laser pulses combined with zoom adjustment, achieves precise distribution of laser energy between the glass and the silver layer, effectively controlling the molten zone and achieving optimal material bonding.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for fixing a silver layer on a surface of a glass substrate, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a silver layer on the surface of a glass substrate; S2, wavefront modulation is performed on the incident light beam emitted by the laser to form a plurality of sub-beams, and the light intensity distribution of each sub-beam is shaped into a flat-top distribution to form a plurality of flat-top light beams; S3, the formed plurality of flat-top light beams are transmitted through the glass substrate and focused on the interface transition region of the glass substrate and the silver layer, the uniform energy distribution of the flat-top light field is used to realize uniform sintering of the silver paste, and the upper and lower limits of the laser energy are controlled based on the synergistic configuration of material characteristics and process parameters, so that quantitative heat energy can be generated in the interface transition region, at this time, the silver layer locally melts and re-solidifies to form a dense structure, realizing the close combination with the glass substrate.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step S3, during the laser processing stage, the laser energy is absorbed by the silver layer and converted into heat energy, which is conducted to the silver layer-glass interface, causing the glass substrate surface at the interface to be slightly melted and the silver layer components to be melted, and the two are fused with each other and form a reinforced bonding layer with a continuous gradient transition of composition after cooling, at the same time, the laser promotes the sintering and densification of silver particles to improve the adhesion strength between the silver layer and the glass.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step S3, the upper and lower limits of the laser energy based on the synergistic configuration of material characteristics and process parameters include: based on the thickness uniformity of the silver paste and the pulse width of the laser, the upper and lower limits of the laser energy are controlled through real-time thermal field monitoring and closed-loop feedback calculation.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step S3, during the laser scanning stage, a fill scanning strategy is adopted to control the laser to scan according to the preset trajectory, and the entire interface region is gradually covered and processed to ensure uniform and complete laser action.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, After step S3, the method further comprises: performing an adhesion test on the processed silver-coated glass sample, measuring the bonding strength by the crosshatch method, and adjusting the laser processing parameters according to the adhesion test results to enhance the bonding performance of the material and the substrate.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, After step S3, the method further comprises: performing a scratch resistance test by a scratch tester, and quantitatively adjusting the laser processing parameters according to the critical load test results to improve the scratch resistance of the silver layer.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, After step S3, the method further comprises: measuring the electrical conductivity of the processed sample using a resistance tester, and correlating the electrical conductivity test results to a pre-established electrical conductivity and laser parameter correlation response model, and adjusting the laser processing parameters based on the response results to optimize the processing quality.

8. A silver layer fixation system for a glass substrate surface, characterized by, The system comprises a laser wavefront modulation and flat-top shaping module and a laser focusing control module, wherein: The laser wavefront modulation and flat-top shaping module is used to perform wavefront modulation on the incident light beam emitted by the laser to form a plurality of sub-beams, and shape the light intensity distribution of each sub-beam into a flat-top distribution to form a plurality of flat-top light beams; The laser focusing control module is used for transmitting the formed multiple-beam flat-top light beams through the glass substrate provided with a silver layer on the surface, and focusing on the interface transition region of the glass substrate and the silver layer, so as to realize uniform sintering of the silver paste by using the uniform energy distribution of the flat-top light field, and to control the upper and lower limits of the laser energy based on the material characteristics and the process parameters, so that quantitative heat energy can be generated in the interface transition region, at this time, the silver layer is locally melted at high temperature and then re-solidified to form a dense structure, thereby realizing the close combination with the glass substrate.

9. A readable storage medium, characterized by, The readable storage medium comprises a glass substrate surface silver layer fixing method program, and when the glass substrate surface silver layer fixing method program is executed by the processor, the steps of the method in any one of claims 1 to 7 are realized.

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