Water drainage method and device for basement or slope support

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering, and particularly relates to a drainage measure of a basement or a side slope support, in particular to a drainage method of the basement or the side slope support and a detachable shaping device of the drainage method of the basement or the side slope support. One-time forming is carried out along with concrete spraying / pouring; and underground water is discharged after being subjected to double-layer filtration by the replaceable filter element. And when the flow is attenuated, the end of the quick buckle is detached, and the filter element is drawn out, washed and reassembled, so that repeated utilization is realized. The device is composed of a pipe body, a positioning wing ring, a replaceable filter element and a quick buckle end, and during plugging, an end plug is screwed out to expand a rubber plug without chiseling. The method is fast in construction, long in service life, free of construction waste and suitable for supporting various basement side walls and side slopes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building engineering technology, and particularly relates to drainage measures for basements or slope protection, specifically a drainage method and device for basements or slope protection. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of foundation pits or basements, drainage holes are used to drain accumulated water from these pits or basements to maintain a dry and stable construction environment, ensuring construction progress and quality. However, traditional drainage hole designs have significant drawbacks: drainage holes are easily clogged by soil particles, silt, and other impurities during use. This not only reduces drainage efficiency but may also damage the stability of the support structure due to excessive water pressure, potentially leading to serious safety accidents such as collapse.

[0003] While existing technologies have attempted to alleviate clogging by filling filter media (such as gravel and filter cloth), these methods still have many shortcomings. On the one hand, the selection and filling process for filter media is cumbersome, resulting in low construction efficiency and difficulty in ensuring uniform distribution and long-term stability of the materials. On the other hand, most of these materials are for single use only and cannot be reused, increasing costs and wasting resources. Furthermore, while some fixed drain hole protection devices can prevent clogging to some extent, they are difficult to disassemble, clean, and maintain, and replacement costs are high once damaged.

[0004] In summary, existing drainage hole technology urgently needs improvement in terms of ease of construction, reusability, and maintenance. The market urgently needs a new type of drainage device that can effectively solve the above problems in order to improve the safety and economy of foundation pit construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the common shortcomings of the prior art, such as easy clogging of drainage holes, inability to be reused, and inconvenient maintenance. It proposes a detachable and standardized drainage method and its supporting device, aiming to simultaneously achieve convenient construction, recycling, and long-term efficient drainage.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented as follows: A drainage method for basements or slope protection includes the following steps: S1. During the construction phase of the support structure, pre-embed detachable, standardized drainage devices at the predetermined drainage points on the support slope or basement sidewall, so that the inlet end of the drainage device is in contact with the soil and the outlet end is connected to the drainage channel outside the support structure. S2. Utilize the internal filtration structure of the drainage device to filter the infiltrated groundwater and retain particles larger than or equal to 1 mm outside the drainage device. S3. When the drainage device becomes clogged with mud and sand, causing a decrease in drainage efficiency, the entire filter unit is disassembled, the internal mud and sand are removed, and then it is reassembled for reuse.

[0007] Furthermore, the present invention also proposes a drainage device for the aforementioned drainage method for basement or slope support: The main body of the drain pipe is used to guide the drainage. Positioning wing rings are fitted onto the body of the drain pipe and are used to anchor the pipe body to the supporting shotcrete or underground continuous wall. Replaceable filter cartridges are inserted inside or connected to the drain pipe body for filtration during the draining stage.

[0008] Furthermore, the end of the drain pipe is covered with stainless steel wire mesh with a mesh size of ≥30 to prevent fine particles from entering the pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the positioning wing ring is 20mm to 40mm larger than the outer diameter of the drain pipe body. The surface of the wing ring is provided with a barb structure to enhance the anchoring force with the concrete, or it is provided with fixing holes for fixing the positioning wing ring to the concrete or the slope support by means of a steel wire rope.

[0010] Furthermore, the drain pipe body has a detachable connection end for connecting to an external drainage system.

[0011] Furthermore, for the aforementioned drainage method for basements or slope supports, after removing silt, high-pressure clean water is injected into the standardized drainage device for flushing for ≥30 seconds until the turbidity of the effluent is <20 NTU before reinstalling it. After reinstalling the standardized drainage device, a water tightness test is conducted on the drainage channel outside the support structure. The test pressure is 0.1 MPa, and construction can continue only if there is no leakage after holding the pressure for 10 minutes.

[0012] This invention integrates a three-piece set—positioning wing ring, drain pipe body, and replaceable filter element—within a single binding to a reinforcing mesh, forming synchronously with sprayed (poured) concrete. This eliminates the traditional three-step process of drilling, pipe installation, and hole patching, reducing single-point construction time from 30 minutes to 3 minutes. The wing ring has an outer diameter 20–40 mm larger than the pipe body, with surface barbs or perforated steel wire ropes for double anchoring, providing a pull-out resistance ≥500 N and withstanding a 0.1 MPa water tightness test to ensure it remains stable under high water level lateral pressure. The filter element and pipe body use quick-connect clips, allowing for disassembly and cleaning without damaging the support structure. A new filter element can be installed after a 30-second high-pressure rinse. The same pipe body can be reused ≥20 times, reducing material costs by over 60% and achieving "zero construction waste" green construction. With a 30-mesh stainless steel wire mesh and 1 mm filtration precision, the silt clogging rate is reduced by 80%, and the design life is the same as that of the support structure. If sealing is required later, simply unscrew the end, pull out the filter element, insert an expansion plug into the pipe opening, and the sealing is completed in 10 minutes. There is no chiseling or grouting required during the decoration stage. It solves the industry pain points of "slow construction, one-time use, easy clogging, and difficult sealing" in one go, providing a high-efficiency drainage solution for basement and slope support throughout its entire life cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the water filtration device shown in the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water filtration device shown in the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the water filtration device shown in this invention in use. Detailed Implementation

[0016] A 28-story commercial and residential building with two underground levels and an 8.4-meter-deep foundation pit was constructed using slope protection combined with shotcrete and wire mesh support. After the steel mesh reinforcement on the slope was tied, drainage holes needed to be installed 1.5 meters from the slope toe according to the design elevation to reduce pore water pressure in the slope. Traditionally, drilling was done after the surface concrete was sprayed, which often resulted in slope collapse, hole misalignment, and the inability to recycle disposable PVC pipes. This project adopted the standardized, detachable drainage device of this invention: workers directly tied and fixed the aluminum alloy drainage pipe (with positioning wing rings) to the steel mesh, forming it in one step with the C25 shotcrete. After the final setting of the sprayed layer, it could be connected to a corrugated pipe for drainage, with a single-hole flow rate of 7 L / min, effectively reducing the water content of the slope. After two months, the flow rate decreased, and the filter element was extracted on-site, flushed for 30 seconds, and then reinstalled for continued use. After the entire basement backfilling is completed, the end is unscrewed and an expansion plug is inserted to complete the sealing. The entire set of metal pipes and filter elements is recycled for use in adjacent buildings, achieving the standard application of "no drilling, zero leakage, and full recycling" for ordinary building foundation pits. The following detailed description of the specific implementation of this invention is based on this engineering example: I. Structure and materials of major components, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown: 1) Drain pipe body Material: 6063-T5 aluminum alloy pipe or SUS304 stainless steel pipe with a wall thickness of 2.5 mm is used. The outer diameter D=63 mm and the length L=400 mm, 500 mm and 600 mm are three standard sizes. The appropriate size is selected on site according to the support thickness.

[0017] Filtering zone: φ1 mm round holes are evenly distributed within a 120 mm range in the middle section of the tube, with an opening rate of 15%. The outer side is fully welded with 30 mesh (0.6 mm wire diameter) stainless steel wire mesh to prevent fine particles from entering the tube.

[0018] Inner cavity: surface electrophoretic nano fluorocarbon coating, friction coefficient ≤0.15, which is conducive to the removal of mud and sand.

[0019] 2) Replaceable filter cartridge Skeleton: HDPE injection molded grid cylinder, with an outer diameter 1 mm smaller than the inner cavity of the pipe, and the same length as the filtration zone.

[0020] Filter media: The outer shell is wrapped with double-layer stainless steel mesh—30 mesh inner layer and 60 mesh outer layer, forming gradient filtration, with a particle rejection rate of ≥95% for particles larger than 0.3 mm.

[0021] The end is equipped with a ring pull ring that snaps into the end face of the tube, allowing for disassembly and assembly without tools.

[0022] 3) Positioning wing ring Material: Same metal as the tube body, integrally machined and then heat-treated, thickness 4 mm.

[0023] Dimensions: Outer diameter D+30 mm (i.e. 93 mm), with 6 barbs evenly distributed around the circumference, barb height 3 mm, angle 30°, providing ≥500N pull-out force; the ring is also provided with 2×φ8 mm fixing holes for threading φ6 mm steel wire rope and binding to the steel mesh, forming a secondary safety.

[0024] Number of wing rings: 2 for pipe lengths of 400 mm, 3 for pipe lengths of 500 mm and 600 mm, with an adjacent spacing of 150 mm.

[0025] 4) Detachable connector Type: Aluminum alloy quick-lock connector, one end is inserted into the drain pipe body and rotated 15° to lock, with a pull-out force ≥500 N; the other end is an external thread G2″, which can be directly connected to common PVC or corrugated drainage pipes on the construction site.

[0026] Sealing: The connector has a built-in EPDM rubber ring with a compression of 1.5 mm. It can withstand 0.1 MPa water pressure for 10 minutes without leakage.

[0027] 5) Blocking For later-stage sealing, water-swellable rubber plugs with an outer diameter of 63 mm, a length of 50 mm, an expansion rate of 200%, and the ability to withstand a back pressure of 0.15 MPa within 1 hour are selected.

[0028] II. Construction process, such as Figure 3 As shown: Step S1 Pre-embedded positioning a. After the support steel mesh is tied, place the drainage device in the predetermined position according to the design spacing (1.5 m horizontally and 1.2 m vertically), with the barbs of the wing ring facing the soil-facing side; b. Pass a φ6 mm steel wire rope through the fixing hole of the wing ring and tie it to the steel mesh in a cross shape to ensure that the axis of the device is perpendicular to the wall surface, with an allowable deviation of ≤2°; c. Cover the exposed end of the device with a PVC protective cap to prevent subsequent spraying from contaminating the threads.

[0029] Step S2: Shotcrete / Pouring Concrete a. Use C25 shotcrete, spraying to the designed thickness (usually 150 mm) in one go, with the nozzle and device axis at an angle of ≥60° to avoid direct impact; b. After the concrete has set, the barbs of the wing ring form a mechanical interlock with the substrate, and the measured pull-out force is 550 N, which meets the 0.1MPa water tightness requirement; c. Remove the protective cap and clean the residual slurry inside the threads.

[0030] Step S3 Connect the pipe and let water in. Screw the φ50 mm corrugated drainage pipe into the quick-clamp connector and tighten it by hand by 15°; the groundwater flows through a double-layer filter screen → filter element → pipe body → corrugated pipe to the collection ditch, with an initial flow rate of 8.5 L / min (1 m head).

[0031] Step S4: Disassembly, washing, and reuse After 6 months of operation, the flow rate dropped to 5 L / min (≥50% attenuation threshold), and maintenance was initiated. a. Rotate counterclockwise 15° to pull out the snap-fit ​​connector; b. Use a special hook to grab the filter element pull ring and pull out the old filter element axially; c. Use a high-pressure water gun (0.3 MPa) to flush the inner wall of the pipe for 30 seconds until the turbidity of the effluent is <20 NTU; d. Insert the new filter cartridge and push it all the way in until you hear a "click" sound to lock it in place; e. Reconnect the drain pipe and conduct a 0.1 MPa water tightness test. If there is no leakage after holding the pressure for 10 minutes, resume use.

[0032] C. Repeatedly verify Thirty sets of equipment were selected on the south slope of the same foundation pit and used continuously for three rainy seasons (20 disassembly and cleaning) according to the above process. The metal pipes showed no deformation and the threads did not slip. The filter element had an average replacement cycle of 6 months, and the cumulative material cost of a single set was only 1 / 20 of that of a traditional PVC drain hole (disposable).

[0033] D. Blockade Implementation After the main structure is completed, the drainage holes must be sealed: a. Remove the connector and filter element; b. Inject 50 mL of 1:1 cement-water glass quick-setting grout into the pipe, and then insert a water-swellable rubber stopper; c. The surface was smoothed with polymer waterproof mortar. After 28 days, the measured back pressure was 0.15 MPa with no leakage, meeting the first-class standard for basement waterproofing.

[0034] E. Material recyclability The aluminum alloy tube body, stainless steel filter screen, and HDPE filter element are all 100% recyclable; on-site measurements show that every 1,000 sets of equipment can reduce construction waste by approximately 2.1 tons, meeting the three-star requirements of the green construction evaluation standard.

[0035] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the "method-device" combination provided by the present invention truly achieves the comprehensive goals of "fast construction, reusable, long service life, and easy sealing", and is applicable to various support forms such as basement side walls, slope protection, pile foundations, and diaphragm walls, and has significant engineering promotion value.

[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of draining a basement or a side slope support, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1. During the construction stage of the support structure, a detachable and shaped drainage device is pre-buried at a predetermined drainage point of the support slope or basement side wall, so that the water inlet end of the drainage device is in contact with the soil and the water outlet end is in communication with the drainage channel outside the support structure; S2. The filtration structure inside the drainage device is used to filter the infiltrated groundwater, and particles greater than or equal to 1 mm are intercepted outside the drainage device; S3. When the drainage efficiency of the drainage device is reduced due to silt blocking, the filter unit is completely disassembled, the internal silt is removed, and then the filter unit is reassembled for repeated use.

2. A basement or slope support drainage device for implementing the method of claim 1, characterized by The method comprises: a drainage pipe body for guiding drainage; a positioning wing ring sleeved outside the drainage pipe body for anchoring the pipe body in the support shotcrete or underground continuous wall; a replaceable filter element inserted into or connected with the drainage pipe body for filtering during the drainage stage.

3. The basement or slope support drain according to claim 2, wherein A stainless steel mesh is covered on the end of the drainage pipe body, and the mesh has a mesh size of ≥30 meshes to prevent fine particles from entering the pipe body.

4. The basement or side slope support drain device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by The outer diameter of the positioning wing ring is 20mm-40mm larger than the outer diameter of the drainage pipe body, the surface of the wing ring is provided with a barb structure to enhance the anchoring force with the concrete or is provided with a fixing hole for fixing the positioning wing ring on the concrete or support slope by a steel wire rope.

5. The basement or slope support drain according to claim 4, wherein The end of the drainage pipe body is provided with a detachable connection end for connecting with an external drainage system.

6. The water drainage method for a basement or a side slope support according to Claim 1, wherein In step 3, after removing the silt, high-pressure clean water is injected into the shaped drainage device for flushing, the flushing time is ≥30 seconds, and the water outlet turbidity is less than 20 NTU before the shaped drainage device is reassembled.

7. The water drainage method for a basement or a side slope support according to claim 1 or 6, characterized by, After reassembling the shaped drainage device, a water tightness test is performed on the drainage channel outside the support structure, the test pressure is 0.1MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 10 minutes without leakage before the construction continues.

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