Anti-seismic and anti-crack large-area multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-seismic and anti-crack large-area multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure which comprises a porous metal framework, a transition surface layer and a rammed earth wall surface layer which are arranged from inside to outside. The porous metal framework is fixed to the outer side of the lining wall and comprises an inner framework, an outer framework and an anchoring surface layer which are integrally arranged from inside to outside, and the aperture of the inner framework is larger than that of the outer framework; the transition surface layer comprises a middle layer, an inner permeable layer and an outer permeable layer, the middle layer is located between the porous metal framework and the rammed earth wall surface layer, and the inner permeable layer permeates into surface layer pores of the outer framework; the rammed earth wall surface layer comprises a bonding layer, a reinforcing layer, a facing layer and capillary pores penetrating through the bonding layer from inside to outside, and the anchoring surface layer is embedded into the transition surface layer or / and the bonding layer. The problems that traditional and existing improved rammed earth walls are weak in anti-seismic performance, prone to cracking and poor in durability can be solved, meanwhile, the humidity adjusting capacity of the rammed earth walls is kept or enhanced, and balance of safety, durability and comfort is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building decoration technology, specifically to a design structure for a large-area, multi-layered rammed earth wall that is earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant. Background Technology

[0002] Historical buildings and buildings with traditional architectural styles are important carriers of a city's historical and cultural heritage, and are invaluable and irreplaceable historical and cultural resources. In recent years, with the increasingly sophisticated development of the construction industry, many modern architectural designs have actively incorporated characteristic elements of historical buildings and buildings with traditional architectural styles. For example, the application of traditional Chinese rammed earth architecture in the design of the lobby walls of a building gives vitality to the historical inheritance and development of the traditional rammed earth wall structure.

[0003] Rammed earth walls, as a green and environmentally friendly traditional building form, are regaining attention in modern architecture. However, traditional rammed earth walls have inherent defects such as poor seismic performance, susceptibility to cracking, and high susceptibility to humidity, which severely limit their application in large-area, long-span buildings. Existing improvement techniques mostly involve simply adding fibers or setting up rigid frames in the rammed earth, which can partially improve strength, but fail to fundamentally solve problems such as structural brittleness, strain incompatibility, and easy delamination at the interface. The improvement in seismic and crack resistance is limited, and it often comes at the cost of sacrificing the wall's humidity regulation function. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a large-area, multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure that is earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant, in order to solve the problems of weak seismic performance, easy cracking, and poor durability of traditional and existing improved rammed earth walls, while maintaining or enhancing their humidity regulation capabilities and achieving a balance between safety, durability and comfort.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a large-area multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure that is earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant, comprising a porous metal skeleton, a transition layer, and a rammed earth wall surface layer arranged from the inside to the outside;

[0006] The porous metal skeleton is fixed to the outside of the inner lining wall and includes an inner skeleton, an outer skeleton, and an anchoring surface layer that are integrally arranged from the inside to the outside. The aperture of the inner skeleton is larger than that of the outer skeleton.

[0007] The transition layer includes an intermediate layer, an inner permeable layer, and an outer permeable layer. The intermediate layer is located between the porous metal skeleton and the surface layer of the rammed earth wall, and the inner permeable layer permeates into the surface pores of the outer skeleton.

[0008] The rammed earth wall surface layer includes a bonding layer, a reinforcing layer, and a finishing layer that extend horizontally from the inside out. The outer permeation layer penetrates into the capillaries of the bonding layer. The anchoring surface layer is embedded in the transition surface layer and / or the bonding layer. The reinforcing layer has a built-in mesh fabric. The outer surface of the finishing layer is covered with a finishing texture layer.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0010] The inner and outer skeletons are made of aluminum alloy foam or galvanized steel foam, with a porosity of 70%-75%.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] The anchoring surface layer includes several groups of radial anchoring branches composed of several metal wires.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] The transition layer is composed of coupling agent and nanosol.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] The coupling agent is a low-viscosity potassium silicate modified epoxy resin emulsion, and the nanosol is a nano silica sol.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] The transition layer contains an embedded flexible toughening element.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] The flexible toughening component is a polyurethane prepolymer microcapsule.

[0021] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0022] The bonding layer is composed of rammed earth matrix and PVA fiber, the reinforcing layer is composed of rammed earth matrix, polypropylene fiber and basalt short-cut fiber, and the finishing layer is composed of highly permeable rammed earth.

[0023] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0024] The mesh fabric is a single-layer alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh fabric.

[0025] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0026] The rammed earth wall structure of this invention uses a multi-layered, gradient-pore-size porous metal skeleton as the core energy-dissipating structure. Under external vibration, it efficiently absorbs and dissipates vibration energy through buckling and collapse plastic deformation of the pore walls. This skeleton is flexibly connected to the rammed earth wall surface through a transition layer, forming a multi-stage energy dissipation effect: metal skeleton buckling → transition layer interface deformation → fiber bridging within the rammed earth wall surface. This transforms the wall from a brittle failure mode to a ductile energy dissipation mode, significantly improving seismic resistance. Furthermore, it effectively releases constraint stress, inhibits microcrack formation, disperses and bridges existing cracks, and improves crack resistance. Through the bidirectional penetration bonding of the transition layer and the anchoring effect of the anchoring surface, multiple energy dissipation mechanisms are achieved. The porous metal skeleton and the rammed earth wall surface are firmly integrated at the microscopic level, eliminating the risk of interface delamination. The porous metal skeleton and the highly breathable rammed earth wall surface together form a connected microporous system, giving the wall excellent moisture absorption and release capabilities, dynamically regulating indoor air humidity, and improving comfort. After the finishing layer is treated with water-repellent material, it can prevent rainwater erosion without affecting breathability. The rammed earth wall surface is constructed by extending horizontally from the inside out, allowing the outermost finishing layer to be finely processed in an open state without the constraint of a top formwork. This makes it possible to achieve complex and diverse surface textures and patterns, elevating the wall from a structural component to a carrier of architectural art. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a sectional view of a large-area, multi-layered rammed earth wall design structure that is earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant.

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0031] Legend:

[0032] 1. Porous metal skeleton; 2. Transition surface layer; 3. Rammed earth wall surface layer; 4. Inner skeleton; 5. Outer skeleton; 6. Anchoring surface layer; 7. Intermediate layer; 8. Inner permeable layer; 9. Outer permeable layer; 10. Bonding layer; 11. Reinforcing layer; 12. Finishing layer; 100. Inner lining wall. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0034] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0035] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] Please see Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a technical solution: a large-area multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure that is earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant, including a porous metal skeleton 1, a transition surface layer 2, and a rammed earth wall surface layer 3 arranged from the inside to the outside.

[0040] The porous metal skeleton 1 is fixed to the outside of the inner lining wall 100 and includes an inner skeleton 4, an outer skeleton 5, and an anchoring surface layer 6 that are integrally arranged from the inside to the outside. The aperture of the inner skeleton 4 is larger than the aperture of the outer skeleton 5.

[0041] The transition layer 2 includes an intermediate layer 7, an inner permeable layer 8, and an outer permeable layer 9. The intermediate layer 7 is located between the porous metal skeleton 1 and the rammed earth wall surface layer 3. The inner permeable layer 8 permeates into the surface pores of the outer skeleton 5.

[0042] The rammed earth wall surface layer 3 includes a bonding layer 10, a reinforcing layer 11, and a finishing layer 12 that extend horizontally from the inside to the outside. The outer permeable layer 9 penetrates into the capillary pores of the bonding layer 10. The anchoring surface layer 6 is embedded in the transition surface layer 2 and / or the bonding layer 10. The reinforcing layer 11 has a built-in mesh cloth. The outer surface of the finishing layer 12 is covered with a finishing texture layer.

[0043] This embodiment provides a basic design structure for a large-area, multi-layered rammed earth wall that is earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant. The structure, from the inside out, includes a porous metal skeleton, a transition layer, and a rammed earth wall surface layer. The porous metal skeleton is fixed to the outer side of the building's interior lining wall and has a gradient structure from the inside out (from the side closer to the interior to the exterior) consisting of an inner skeleton, an outer skeleton, and an anchoring surface layer, with the inner skeleton having a larger pore size than the outer skeleton. The transition layer is located between the skeleton and the rammed earth surface layer and is divided into an inner permeable layer that penetrates the skeleton and an outer permeable layer that penetrates the rammed earth. The rammed earth wall surface layer employs a unique horizontally extended forming process, sequentially forming a bonding layer, a reinforcement layer, and a finishing layer from the inside out. The anchoring surface layer is embedded in the transition layer or the bonding layer, the reinforcement layer has a built-in mesh fabric, and the outer surface of the finishing layer can be artistically treated to form a textured finish.

[0044] The construction process of a large-area, multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure with seismic and crack resistance in this embodiment includes: installing and fixing a porous metal frame 1; applying a transition surface material to the outer surface of the frame to allow bidirectional penetration; using the horizontal strip method, construction from bottom to top: first, ramming the bonding layer 10 that is combined with the transition surface layer 2, then laying the mesh cloth and ramming the reinforcement layer 11, and finally making the finishing layer 12 and processing the texture; after curing, carrying out necessary surface protection treatment.

[0045] The technical solution of this embodiment has the following beneficial effects: Using a multi-layered, gradient-aperture porous metal skeleton as the core energy-dissipating structure, it efficiently absorbs and dissipates vibration energy through buckling and collapse plastic deformation of the pore walls under external vibration. It is flexibly connected to the rammed earth wall surface through a transition layer, forming a multi-stage energy-dissipating effect: metal skeleton buckling → transition layer interface deformation → fiber bridging within the rammed earth wall surface. This transforms the wall from a brittle failure mode to a ductile energy-dissipating mode, significantly improving seismic resistance. It also effectively releases constraint stress, inhibits microcrack generation, disperses and bridges existing cracks, and improves crack resistance. Furthermore, the bidirectional penetration bonding of the transition layer and the anchoring effect of the anchoring surface layer further enhance its performance. This design achieves a robust, integrated bond between the porous metal framework and the rammed earth wall surface at the microscopic level, eliminating the risk of interface delamination. The porous metal framework and the highly permeable rammed earth wall surface together form a connected microporous system, giving the wall excellent moisture absorption and release capabilities, dynamically regulating indoor air humidity, and improving comfort. After the finishing layer is treated with water-repellent material, it can prevent rainwater erosion without affecting breathability. The rammed earth wall surface is constructed using a horizontally extending molding method from the inside out, allowing the outermost finishing layer to be finely processed in an open state without the constraints of a top mold. This provides the possibility of achieving complex and diverse surface textures and patterns, elevating the wall from a structural component to a carrier of architectural art.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] Please see Figure 1 , 2 The figure shows a seismic and crack-resistant large-area multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention. This embodiment further improves upon the above embodiments by making the following technical solutions: The inner skeleton 4 and outer skeleton 5 are made of aluminum alloy foam or galvanized steel foam, with a porosity of 70%-75%. Aluminum alloy foam is lightweight and corrosion-resistant, while galvanized steel foam has high strength and relatively low cost. Both are mature engineering porous materials, ensuring the durability, reliability, and mass production of the skeleton. Based on the design using aluminum alloy foam or galvanized steel foam as the skeleton material, a porosity of 70%-75% is a proven golden range, optimally balancing the material's lightweight nature, compressibility, and necessary load-bearing strength and stiffness. Within this range, the skeleton can fully dissipate seismic energy through large deformations without becoming unstable due to excessive softness, thus optimizing the mechanical properties of the metal skeleton. Before construction, the porosity of the purchased or customized foam metal sheets needs to be randomly checked to ensure compliance with design requirements. During installation, its light weight (especially aluminum alloy) significantly reduces the difficulty of hoisting and the structural load.

[0048] Furthermore, the anchoring surface layer 6 includes several groups of radially arranged anchoring branches composed of numerous metal wires. This radial structure creates a multi-dimensional, chain-like anchoring effect, significantly increasing the resistance to pull-out from the rammed earth. This transforms the bond between the skeleton and the soil from a simple surface bonding method to a combined forming method of three-dimensional structural anchoring and surface layer penetration, thereby achieving a strong mechanical interlocking effect. The dense metal wires greatly increase the effective contact surface area between the skeleton and the transition layer / rammed earth layer, improving the sum of chemical bonding and frictional forces. The radial structure can more evenly distribute interfacial stress onto more metal branches, avoiding localized damage caused by stress concentration and improving structural stability. This structure is typically integrally formed during the preparation of the metal foam. During construction, care must be taken to ensure that the slurry fully coats and penetrates the gaps between each anchoring branch when spraying the transition surface layer material to achieve the best anchoring effect.

[0049] Example 3:

[0050] Please see Figure 1 , 2 The figure shows a seismic and crack-resistant large-area multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention. This embodiment further improves upon the above embodiments by making the following technical solutions: The transition layer 2 is composed of a coupling agent and a nano-sol. The coupling agent establishes strong chemical bonds between the metal oxides on the surface of the metal skeleton and the inorganic matter on the surface of the rammed earth wall, while the nano-sol penetrates deep into nanoscale pores, generating strong physical anchoring force through gelation, thereby achieving a combined chemical and physical bonding method. The inorganic-organic composite material formed by the above chemical bonding exhibits excellent aging resistance and weather resistance, maintaining its bonding performance for a long time. The nano-particles ensure that the material can penetrate into the microscopic pores, achieving true "deep bonding" rather than surface adhesion, thereby improving the structural bonding tightness. During construction, the coupling agent and nano-sol must be pre-mixed evenly in a specific ratio. High-pressure airless spraying is used to ensure fine atomization for better penetration. The construction environment must be kept dry, avoiding any standing water on the substrate.

[0051] Specifically, the coupling agent is a low-viscosity potassium silicate-modified epoxy resin emulsion, and the nano-sol is a nano-silica sol. Potassium silicate (water glass)-modified epoxy resin combines the aging resistance and breathability of inorganic materials with the high bonding strength and toughness of epoxy resin. The nano-silica sol, after penetration, can condense to form a siloxane network, synergistically with the curing products of potassium silicate to form a double inorganic gel reinforcement, resulting in a high-strength adhesive layer. The aqueous system formed by these substances is low in VOCs and more environmentally friendly. During construction, the mixing order and stirring time of the two components must be strictly controlled to prevent premature gelation. The low viscosity characteristic is beneficial for spraying and penetration, but the spray thickness must be controlled to prevent dripping.

[0052] Furthermore, a flexible toughening element is embedded within the transition layer 2. The addition of this flexible element gives the originally rigid bonding layer better elasticity and deformation capacity, enabling it to more effectively absorb and buffer stress caused by deformation inconsistencies between the skeleton and the rammed earth, preventing brittle debonding at the interface. When microcracks extend into the transition layer, the flexible toughening element can bridge the cracks, dissipate energy, and prevent further propagation. During construction, the flexible toughening element must be uniformly incorporated into the transition layer slurry. Incorporation may affect the slurry's fluidity, requiring adjustments to the mix ratio or the use of a special mixing process.

[0053] Specifically, the flexible toughening component is a polyurethane prepolymer microcapsule. The microcapsules remain intact during the initial curing stage of the transition layer, without affecting construction. When the wall is subjected to stress and deformation, and the interfacial stress reaches a certain threshold, the microcapsules rupture, releasing the polyurethane prepolymer which rapidly reacts with the environment or the premixed curing agent, forming highly elastic polyurethane in situ. This achieves localized active toughening of stressed and deformed areas, resulting in more precise and efficient effects. This mechanism also possesses a certain degree of self-healing ability for microcracks. During construction, because the microcapsules need to have good wall material strength and compatibility with the slurry, the stirring process must be gentle to prevent premature breakage. Microcapsules with different rupture strengths should be selected based on the expected stress level.

[0054] Example 4:

[0055] Please see Figure 1 , 3 The figure shows a design structure for a large-area, multi-layer rammed earth wall that is earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant, provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention. Based on the above embodiments, the following technical solutions are further improved: The bonding layer 10 is composed of rammed earth matrix and PVA fiber. PVA fiber has good hydrophilicity, strong bonding force with the transition surface slurry, and high elastic modulus can effectively transfer stress and inhibit early plastic cracking.

[0056] The reinforcement layer 11 is composed of rammed earth matrix, polypropylene fibers, and chopped basalt fibers. This surface layer adopts a mixed fiber design, in which polypropylene fibers are abundant to suppress microcracks caused by plastic shrinkage, while basalt fibers are high in strength and alkali-resistant to improve the tensile strength and toughness of the hardened soil. The combination of the two achieves crack resistance throughout the entire process. The fibers with different properties in the above two surface layers play a role in different layers and at different stages, forming a three-dimensional, synergistic, and comprehensive crack resistance network.

[0057] The finishing layer 12 is composed of highly permeable rammed earth, which ensures the free flow of water vapor and maintains the wall's breathing function.

[0058] When constructing the surface layer 3 of the rammed earth wall, it is essential to mix and compact the material in layers. Fiber dispersion is crucial, requiring the use of a forced mixer and an appropriately extended mixing time. For the highly permeable finishing layer, the rammed earth must have carefully controlled moisture content; excessive moisture will cause the materials to stick to tools, while excessive dryness will hinder the creation of textures.

[0059] Furthermore, the mesh fabric is a single-layer alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh. The mesh is a continuous two-dimensional reinforcing mesh, effectively constraining the lateral deformation of the rammed earth and dispersing potential cracks into a finer, denser, harmless crack network, significantly improving crack resistance. The alkali-resistant coating on the glass fiber mesh resists long-term erosion by alkaline substances in the rammed earth, ensuring its continuous function throughout the wall's lifespan and avoiding the risk of ordinary mesh failing due to corrosion. Single-layer installation is simple, provides good bonding with the rammed earth, and is less prone to bulging. During construction, the mesh fabric is laid immediately after the bonding layer is rammed and still has plasticity, and gently pressed into the surface with a tool. Sufficient overlap width (usually ≥10cm) is required between mesh fabrics. The reinforcement layer is then immediately rammed, ensuring the mesh fabric is completely wrapped and positioned slightly below the center of the reinforcement layer.

[0060] The complete construction process of the rammed earth wall structure formed by combining all the above embodiments includes the following steps:

[0061] 1. Base Layer and Frame Installation: First, construct the main building structure, such as the inner lining wall 100. At the designed wall location, fix the prefabricated porous metal frame 1 to the outside of the inner lining wall 100 using connectors. The porous metal frame 1 is made of open-cell aluminum alloy foam with an overall thickness of 200mm. The inner 100mm area (closest to the interior) is the inner frame with an average pore diameter of 10mm, and the outer 100mm area is the outer frame with an average pore diameter of 5mm (for applications requiring high seismic intensity, crack resistance, and safety, galvanized steel foam can be used to increase strength, with a thickness increased to 250mm, and the pore diameter gradient between the inner and outer frames adjusted to 12mm / 6mm). The outer frame surface has integrally formed radial anchoring branches approximately 6mm in length.

[0062] 2. Construction of Transition Layer 2: Using high-pressure spraying equipment, a mixture of low-viscosity potassium silicate modified epoxy resin emulsion and nano-silica sol is uniformly sprayed onto the outer surface of the porous metal skeleton 1. The spraying amount is controlled at 1.3 kg / m², and the mixture is allowed to stand for 2 hours to allow the material to fully penetrate into the pores of the outer skeleton 5 and the anchoring branch area, forming the inner penetration layer 8. If necessary, 5% of polyurethane prepolymer microcapsules can be added to the sprayed material as a flexible toughening component to improve the structural performance of transition layer 2.

[0063] 3. Horizontal layering construction of rammed earth wall surface:

[0064] Construction of Bonding Layer 10: Before the transition layer 2 is fully cured, the bonding layer 10 is immediately constructed. A rammed earth matrix (clay, sand, and aggregate mixed in an optimized ratio) is used, incorporating 2.0% PVA fiber by volume, with controlled moisture content. Construction begins at the bottom of the wall in horizontal strips, 20mm thick, and is lightly rammed to a density of 85%. Any seepage from the previously sprayed transition layer material will infiltrate this layer, forming an externally permeable layer 9 that is mechanically interlocked.

[0065] Reinforcement layer 11: A layer of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh (10mm × 10mm mesh size) is laid on the bonding layer 10. Then, reinforcement layer 11 is compacted. The material is a rammed earth matrix mixed with 1.5% polypropylene fiber and 0.8% basalt chopped fiber, with a thickness of 35mm, and compacted to a standard density of 90%. Double-layer glass fiber mesh can also be used to further improve crack resistance.

[0066] Finishing Layer 12 Construction: The final finishing layer, 12, is applied. A 12mm thick, permeable rammed earth layer with a high proportion of coarse sand is used, and compacted to 80% density. While still slightly damp, a special tool is used to create surface textures (such as embossing or scratching). After 7 days of curing, a silane-based breathable and water-repellent agent is sprayed on.

[0067] The wall, after simulation calculation and testing, has an equivalent damping ratio of over 12%, which can effectively dissipate energy under strong earthquakes; in drying shrinkage and temperature cycling tests, the surface crack width is less than 0.1 mm; and it also exhibits good humidity regulation capabilities.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seismic and crack-resistant large-area multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure, characterized in that, It includes a porous metal framework, a transitional surface layer, and a rammed earth wall surface layer arranged from the inside out. The porous metal skeleton is fixed to the outside of the inner lining wall and includes an inner skeleton, an outer skeleton, and an anchoring surface layer that are integrally arranged from the inside to the outside. The aperture of the inner skeleton is larger than that of the outer skeleton. The transition layer includes an intermediate layer, an inner permeable layer, and an outer permeable layer. The intermediate layer is located between the porous metal skeleton and the surface layer of the rammed earth wall, and the inner permeable layer permeates into the surface pores of the outer skeleton. The rammed earth wall surface layer includes a bonding layer, a reinforcing layer, and a finishing layer that extend horizontally from the inside out. The outer permeation layer penetrates into the capillaries of the bonding layer. The anchoring surface layer is embedded in the transition surface layer and / or the bonding layer. The reinforcing layer has a built-in mesh fabric. The outer surface of the finishing layer is covered with a finishing texture layer.

2. The earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant large-area multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner and outer skeletons are made of aluminum alloy foam or galvanized steel foam, with a porosity of 70%-75%.

3. The earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant large-area multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchoring surface layer includes several groups of radial anchoring branches composed of several metal wires.

4. The earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant large-area multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transition layer is composed of coupling agent and nanosol.

5. The earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant large-area multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The coupling agent is a low-viscosity potassium silicate modified epoxy resin emulsion, and the nanosol is a nano silica sol.

6. The earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant large-area multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transition layer contains an embedded flexible toughening element.

7. The earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant large-area multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The flexible toughening component is a polyurethane prepolymer microcapsule.

8. The earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant large-area multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bonding layer is composed of rammed earth matrix and PVA fiber, the reinforcing layer is composed of rammed earth matrix, polypropylene fiber and basalt short-cut fiber, and the finishing layer is composed of highly permeable rammed earth.

9. The earthquake-resistant and crack-resistant large-area multi-layer rammed earth wall design structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mesh fabric is a single-layer alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh fabric.

Images