Self-adaptive mud scraping device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of well wall cleaning devices in drilling engineering, and discloses a self-adaptive mud scraping device which comprises a rotating shaft assembly, a power device and a mud scraping assembly, and the power device is used for rotationally driving the rotating shaft assembly; the mud scraping assembly is fixed to the rotating shaft assembly and synchronously rotates, the mud scraping assembly comprises a linear output assembly and a mud scraping assembly, and the linear output assembly is used for driving the mud scraping assembly to be close to or away from the inner wall of the shaft; the mud scraping assembly comprises a first shell, one side of the first shell is connected with the output end of the linear output assembly, and an opening is formed in the other side of the first shell. The scraping piece is in sliding fit with the first shell, one end of the scraping piece extends out of the first shell through the opening, and the other end of the scraping piece is located in the first shell; the sensor is mounted in the first shell; the first spring is connected between the scraping piece and the sensor in an abutting mode. The self-adaptive mud scraping device aims at actively adapting to the inner wall of a shaft and improving the cleaning effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of wellbore cleaning devices in drilling engineering, and specifically relates to an adaptive mud scraping device. Background Technology

[0002] In oil and gas exploration and development, wellbore cleaning and preparation are crucial for ensuring the smooth progress of subsequent cementing, completion, and production operations. During drilling, mud cake often forms on the wellbore surface, and rock cuttings, cement fragments, and other contaminants may remain. Failure to effectively remove these contaminants will directly affect the bonding quality of the cement sheath, weaken the integrity of the wellbore structure, and even damage the producing formation, leading to a decrease in production capacity. Therefore, before running casing and cementing operations, it is usually necessary to use downhole tools such as pipe scrapers to perform a comprehensive and thorough mechanical scraping and cleaning of the wellbore interior.

[0003] However, under complex well conditions, the performance and efficiency of existing conventional casing scrapers still have many limitations. On the one hand, actual wellbores are not regular cylinders; their inner diameter is often unevenly distributed due to changes in lithology or drilling trajectory deviations, and some well sections may even exhibit ellipticization or local deformation. On the other hand, traditional casing scrapers mostly adopt a fixed diameter or rely solely on the passive extension and retraction of springs. For example, in the invention with announcement number CN212583674U, entitled "Casing Scraper," a central spiral elastic steel plate is used to adapt to the scraping needs of casings with different inner diameters; another example is the invention with announcement number CN212428736U, entitled "Spring Scraper," which utilizes the characteristic that the middle part of the spring can move radially to ensure that it can adapt to changes in the inner diameter of the casing.

[0004] Using the elasticity of springs to adapt to changes in wellbore size presents the following problems: when passing through small-diameter sections, excessive scraping pressure can easily damage the casing; while in large-diameter sections, insufficient wall-adhering force makes it difficult to effectively remove deposits, creating cleaning blind spots and ultimately affecting the coverage and uniformity of wellbore cleaning. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide an adaptive sludge scraping device that actively adapts to the inner wall of the wellbore and improves the cleaning effect.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides an adaptive mud scraping device for scraping the inner wall of a wellbore, the adaptive mud scraping device comprising: Shaft assembly; A power unit for rotating and driving the shaft assembly; and A sludge scraping assembly is fixed to the rotating shaft assembly and rotates synchronously. The sludge scraping assembly includes a linear output component and a sludge scraping component. The linear output component is used to drive the sludge scraping component to move closer to or away from the inner wall of the wellbore. The sludge scraping assembly includes: The first housing has one side connected to the output end of the linear output component, and the other side forms an opening; A scraper, which is slidably fitted with the first housing, with one end of the scraper extending out of the first housing through the opening and the other end located inside the first housing; The sensor is installed inside the first housing; A first spring abuts against the scraper and the sensor.

[0007] In some embodiments, the scraper includes: A sliding seat, which is slidably engaged with the first housing; A limiting plate is disposed at one end of the sliding seat located inside the first housing. A scraper, the scraper being detachably mounted to one end of the sliding seat located outside the first housing; The first housing is provided with a limiting part that cooperates with the limiting plate to prevent the scraper from disengaging from the opening.

[0008] In some embodiments, the scraper further includes a locking assembly for locking the scraper to the sliding seat.

[0009] In some embodiments, the sliding seat has a mounting hole, the scraper has a locking hole, and the locking assembly includes: The outer casing is fixed to the mounting hole; An inner shell is disposed inside the outer shell, and a guide groove is formed on the side wall of the inner shell; A latch, wherein the latch is provided with a guide portion; A second spring, which is sleeved on the pin; The guide portion moves along the guide groove so that the pin can switch between a locked position and an unlocked position; In the locked position, the second spring pushes the pin through the mounting hole and into the locking hole; in the unlocked position, the pin disengages from the locking hole and compresses the second spring.

[0010] In some embodiments, the guide groove is L-shaped or J-shaped.

[0011] In some embodiments, the shaft assembly includes a first shaft and a second shaft coaxially arranged, and there are two scraper assemblies respectively disposed on the first shaft and the second shaft. The power device is used to drive the first shaft and the second shaft to rotate in opposite directions.

[0012] In some embodiments, the power unit includes: The first motor is mounted on the first base plate; Mounting bracket, on which a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear and a third bevel gear are rotatably mounted, the output shaft of the first motor passes through the mounting bracket and is connected to the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear and the third bevel gear are spaced apart vertically and respectively mesh with the first bevel gear; The first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear, and the second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the third bevel gear. The second rotating shaft is a hollow shaft, and the first rotating shaft passes through the second rotating shaft and extends beyond the lower end of the second rotating shaft.

[0013] In some embodiments, the linear output component includes: A second housing, which is fixed to the shaft assembly; An electric actuator, wherein the electric actuator is disposed inside the second housing; A sliding column is slidably engaged with the second housing. One end of the sliding column inside the second housing is connected to the output shaft of the electric push rod, and the other end of the sliding column outside the second housing is connected to the mud scraper assembly.

[0014] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the sliding column is provided with a plurality of balls that roll in cooperation with the inner wall of the second housing.

[0015] In some embodiments, the second housing is fixed to the shaft assembly by a mounting post.

[0016] In some embodiments, the adaptive sludge scraper further includes an auxiliary mechanism for providing a softener, the auxiliary mechanism being mounted to the shaft assembly via a second base plate.

[0017] In some embodiments, the auxiliary mechanism includes: A sleeve, the sleeve being fixed to the second base plate; A piston that slides into the inner wall of the sleeve to form a piston cavity; A third spring is located in the piston chamber and abuts against the sleeve and the piston; A sliding rod, one end of which extends into the sleeve and is connected to the piston, and the other end of which is driven by an intermittent power device; An input tube is used to introduce the softener, and the input tube is connected to the piston chamber; An output pipe is used to spray softener, and the output pipe is connected to the piston chamber.

[0018] In some embodiments, the intermittent power device includes: The second motor is mounted on the second base plate; A cam is fixed to the output shaft of the second motor, and the end of the sliding rod away from the piston abuts against the outer wall surface of the cam.

[0019] In some embodiments, the input pipe includes a first hollow tube and a first one-way valve, the first one-way valve being used to control the flow direction of the softener.

[0020] In some embodiments, the output pipe includes a second hollow tube and a second one-way valve, the second one-way valve being used to control the flow direction of the softener.

[0021] The technical solution of this invention includes a rotating shaft assembly, a power unit, and a sludge scraping assembly. The sludge scraping assembly includes a linear output component and a sludge scraping component. It adopts a combination of rotary scraping and radial active drive. The power unit drives the rotating shaft assembly to rotate, and the linear output component drives the sludge scraping component to move closer to or away from the inner wall of the well casing. Springs and sensors inside the sludge scraping component continuously sense the pressure between the sludge scraping component and the inner wall of the well casing, thereby achieving comprehensive and adaptive cleaning of irregular well casings. This effectively solves the technical problems of poor adaptability and unsatisfactory cleaning effect in existing technologies that rely on passive spring extension and contraction.

[0022] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of this application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of this application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without any inventive effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the adaptive sludge scraping device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the sludge scraper assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the power device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the linear output component and the rotating shaft assembly of the present invention; Figure 7for Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point C; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary mechanism of the present invention. Figure 9 for Figure 8 A magnified view of a section at point D.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures Adaptive sludge scraper 100; Rotary shaft assembly 10; First rotating shaft 11; Second rotating shaft 12; Power unit 20; first base plate 21; first motor 22; mounting bracket 23; first connecting block 231; first bevel gear 2311; second connecting block 232; second bevel gear 2321; third connecting block 233; third bevel gear 2331; connecting rod 234; protective shell 24; Scraper assembly 30; Linear output component 31; Second housing 311; Electric push rod 312; Sliding column 313; Ball bearing 3131; Scraper assembly 32; First housing 33; Limiting part 331; Scraper 34; Sliding seat 341; Mounting hole 3411; Limiting plate 342; Scraper 343; Locking hole 3431; Locking assembly 344; Outer housing 3441; Inner housing 3442; Guide groove 3442a; Pin 3443; Guide part 3443a; Second spring 3444; Sensor 35; First spring 36; Auxiliary mechanism 40; second base plate 41; sleeve 42; piston 43; third spring 44; sliding rod 45; input pipe 46; output pipe 47; second motor 48; cam 49. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0026] This invention proposes an adaptive mud scraping device 100 for scraping the inner wall of a well.

[0027] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the adaptive sludge scraping device 100 includes a rotating shaft assembly 10, a power unit 20, and a sludge scraping assembly 30. The power unit 20 is used to rotate and drive the rotating shaft assembly 10. The sludge scraping assembly 30 is fixed to the rotating shaft assembly 10 and rotates synchronously. The sludge scraping assembly 30 includes a linear output component 31 and a sludge scraping component 32. The linear output component 31 is used to drive the sludge scraping component 32 to approach or move away from the inner wall of the wellbore. The sludge scraping component 32 includes a first housing 33, a scraper 34, a sensor 35, and a first spring 36. One side of the first housing 33 is connected to the output end of the linear output component 31, and the other side forms an opening. The scraper 34 is slidably engaged with the first housing 33. One end of the scraper 34 extends out of the first housing 33 through the opening, and the other end is located inside the first housing 33. The sensor 35 is installed inside the first housing 33. The first spring 36 abuts against the scraper 34 and the sensor 35.

[0029] Understandably, the power unit 20 drives the shaft assembly 10 to rotate, causing the sludge scraper assembly 30 to rotate circumferentially along the inner wall of the wellbore. The scraper 34 in the sludge scraper assembly 30 is located on the side facing the inner wall of the wellbore, so as to achieve cutting of the inner wall of the wellbore.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the inner portion of the scraper 34 slides in conjunction with the first housing 33, while the outer portion extends out of the first housing 33 through an opening. A force-sensing structure is provided between the inner portion of the scraper 34 and the first housing 33 to monitor the contact pressure between the scraper 34 and the inner wall of the wellbore, which can also be understood as the scraping force. The force-sensing structure includes a sensor 35 and a first spring 36. The sensor 35 is installed at the bottom inside the first housing 33. This sensor 35 can be a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor, or other sensor capable of sensing changes in scraping force. A first spring 36 is installed between the inner end of the scraper 34 and the sensor 35. There are multiple first springs 36, spaced apart along the same direction. When the scraper 34 is not subjected to external pressure, the spring force of the first spring 36 keeps the scraper 34 in an extended state. When the external pressure on the scraper 34 is greater than the spring force, the scraper 34 slides inward toward the inside of the first housing 33, the first spring 36 is compressed, and the sensor 35 also detects the pressure change.

[0031] The linear output component 31 is used to achieve radial drive of the scraper component 32, that is, to drive the scraper component 32 closer to or further away from the inner wall of the wellbore. The force required for the scraper component 34 to clean the wellbore is set to a preset pressure. When the sensor 35 detects that the pressure is greater than the preset pressure, it indicates that the scraping force is too large and there is a risk of damaging the casing. The linear output component 31 drives the scraper component 32 to move away from the inner wall of the wellbore. When the sensor 35 detects that the pressure is less than the preset pressure, it indicates that the scraping force is too small and there may be a problem of incomplete cleaning. The linear output component 31 drives the scraper component 32 to move closer to the inner wall of the wellbore.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the scraper 34 includes a sliding seat 341, a limiting plate 342, and a scraper 343. The sliding seat 341 is slidably engaged with the first housing 33. The limiting plate 342 is disposed at one end of the sliding seat 341 located inside the first housing 33. The scraper 343 is detachably mounted at one end of the sliding seat 341 located outside the first housing 33. The first housing 33 is provided with a limiting portion 331 that cooperates with the limiting plate 342 to restrict the scraper 34 from disengaging from the opening.

[0033] The limiting plate 342 and the sliding seat 341 are either detachably connected or integrally formed. The outer dimensions of the limiting plate 342 are larger than those of the sliding seat 341, thus forming a limiting flange around the circumference of the sliding seat 341. The outer dimensions of the limiting plate 342 are adapted to the inner cavity dimensions of the first housing 33 to enable the sliding seat 341 to reciprocate smoothly. The first housing 33 has a limiting part 331 near the opening to prevent the limiting flange from disengaging from the opening. This limiting part 331 can be annular or located on the upper, lower, left, or right sides of the opening. This limiting structure ensures operational safety. The sliding seat 341 has a vertical mounting groove on the side away from the limiting part 331 to accommodate the scraper 343. The scraper 343 is placed vertically in the mounting groove and fixed by a detachable connection structure, making the scraper 343 detachable for easy replacement and maintenance. To achieve better cleaning results, the scraper 343 is made of hard alloy material.

[0034] During wellbore cutting, the linear output assembly 31 pushes the mud scraper assembly 32 radially forward. When the scraper 343 contacts the inner wall of the wellbore, the reaction force on the scraper 343 is transmitted to the limiting plate 342 through the sliding seat 341, and compresses the first spring 36 located between the limiting plate 342 and the sensor 35. The sensor 35 monitors the change in this force value in real time and feeds it back to the control system. The control system compares the monitored scraping force with the preset pressure, thereby controlling the further action of the linear output assembly 31.

[0035] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the scraper 34 further includes a locking assembly 344 for locking the scraper 343 to the sliding seat 341. The sliding seat 341 has a mounting hole 3411, and the scraper 343 has a locking hole 3431. The locking assembly 344 includes a housing 3441, an inner housing 3442, a pin 3443, and a second spring 3444. The housing 3441 is fixed to the mounting hole 3411; the inner housing 3442 is disposed inside the housing 3441, and the side wall of the inner housing 3442 has... A guide groove 3442a is formed; a guide portion 3443a is provided on the pin 3443; a second spring 3444 is sleeved on the pin 3443; the guide portion 3443a moves along the guide groove 3442a so that the pin 3443 can switch between a locked position and an unlocked position; wherein, in the locked position, the second spring 3444 pushes the pin 3443 through the mounting hole 3411 and into the locking hole 3431; in the unlocked position, the pin 3443 disengages from the locking hole 3431 and compresses the second spring 3444. There can be one or two locking components 344. When there are two locking components 344, they respectively lock and fix the upper and lower sides of the scraper 343.

[0036] The pin 3443 is a cylindrical rod structure with an operating end at the top and a locking end at the bottom. A limiting ring is provided between the operating end and the locking end. A guide portion 3443a protrudes radially from the outer wall surface of the limiting ring, and the bottom end of the second spring 3444 abuts against the limiting ring. The assembly of the pin 3443 and the second spring 3444 is inserted into the inner shell 3442 from bottom to top, with the guide portion 3443a located within the guide groove 3442a. The top end of the second spring 3444 abuts against the inner end face of the inner shell 3442, and the operating end of the pin 3443 extends from the top of the inner shell 3442. For ease of operation, a pull ring is also provided at the operating end of the pin 3443. The inner shell 3442 has a cylindrical structure with an internal cavity. A guide groove 3442a communicating with the cavity is formed on the outer wall. The guide portion 3443a moves along the guide groove 3442a, allowing the pin 3443 to slide up and down relative to the inner shell 3442 or to rotate circumferentially relative to the inner shell 3442 at a certain angle. The inner shell 3442, pin 3443, and second spring 3444 are assembled from top to bottom into the outer shell 3441, forming the locking assembly 344. The outer shell 3441 has a cylindrical structure, and it fits tightly with the inner shell 3442. A limiting end face is formed at the bottom of the outer shell 3441, which blocks the limiting ring to prevent the pin 3443 from disengaging from the inner shell 3442. The assembled locking assembly 344 is then installed into the mounting hole 3411.

[0037] like Figure 4As shown, the guide groove 3442a includes at least a first axial section and a first circumferential section, which are L-shaped. The first axial section extends axially along the inner shell 3442, and the first circumferential section is connected to the bottom of the first axial section and extends circumferentially. The bottom end of the first axial section is the starting position, and the connection between the first axial sections is the ending position of the first axial section. When the guide part 3443a moves along the first axial section, the pin 3443 slides up and down relative to the inner shell 3442. When the guide part 3443a moves along the first circumferential section, the pin 3443 rotates circumferentially relative to the inner shell 3442.

[0038] When the scraper 343 is in the locked position, the elastic force of the second spring 3444 pushes the pin 3443 downward. At this time, the guide part 3443a moves to the starting position of the first axial section under the push of the second spring 3444. The pin 3443 passes through the mounting hole 3411 and extends into the locking hole 3431. The scraper 343 is locked on the sliding seat 341 to prevent it from falling off.

[0039] When it is necessary to replace or disassemble the scraper 343, the scraper 343 is switched from the locked position to the unlocked position. Specifically, the operating end of the pin 3443 is pulled upward, and the guide part 3443a moves upward along the first axial segment, causing the pin 3443 to slide upward relative to the inner shell 3442 until the locking end of the pin 3443 is completely disengaged from the locking hole 3431 of the scraper 343. During this process, the guide part 3443a moves from the starting position to the ending position of the first axial segment, and the second spring 3444 is compressed. Subsequently, the operating end of the pin 3443 is rotated horizontally, causing the guide part 3443a to enter the first circumferential segment from the ending position of the first axial segment. The guide part 3443a moves along the first circumferential segment, causing the pin 3443 to rotate circumferentially relative to the inner shell 3442. When the guide portion 3443a is located within the first circumferential section, although the second spring 3444 still tends to push the pin 3443 downwards, the pin 3443 cannot return to the locked position due to the obstruction of the side wall of the first circumferential section, thus remaining in the unlocked position. Since the locking end of the pin 3443 is retracted into the mounting hole 3411 of the sliding seat 341 or higher, there is no interference between the scraper and the pin 3443 during disassembly or replacement, facilitating operation.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 4As shown, the guide groove 3442a also includes a second axial section, which is located at the end of the first circumferential section and extends downward along the axial direction of the inner shell 3442. The guide groove 3442a is J-shaped. That is, when the guide part 3443a moves to the end of the first circumferential section, under the spring force of the second spring 3444, the guide part 3443a moves downward to the bottom end of the second axial section. When the guide part 3443a is in this position, the locking end of the pin 3443 is still in the position of being disengaged from the locking hole 3431. The bottom end of the second axial section forms a limiting groove, and the guide part 3443a is located in the limiting groove under the spring force of the second spring 3444, which can better play the limiting role. The steps of locking or unlocking through the J-shaped guide groove 3442a are the same as those of the L-shaped guide groove 3442a, and will not be described in detail here.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the rotating shaft assembly 10 includes a first rotating shaft 11 and a second rotating shaft 12 coaxially arranged, two scraper assemblies 30 are respectively disposed on the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 12, and the power device 20 is used to drive the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 12 to rotate in opposite directions.

[0042] Understandably, when a motor drives a single shaft to rotate, it generates a counter-torque of equal magnitude but opposite direction, affecting overall stability. Therefore, this application employs a design where the same power unit 20 drives the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12 to rotate in opposite directions. This not only effectively counteracts the counter-torque generated by unidirectional rotation, significantly improving the tool's working stability downhole, but also enables efficient shearing stripping of deposits.

[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the power unit 20 includes a first motor 22 and a mounting bracket 23, wherein the first motor 22 is mounted on a first base plate 21; the mounting bracket 23 is rotatably mounted with a first bevel gear 2311, a second bevel gear 2321 and a third bevel gear 2331, the output shaft of the first motor 22 passes through the mounting bracket 23 and is connected to the first bevel gear 2311, the second bevel gear 2321 and the third bevel gear 2331 are spaced apart vertically and respectively mesh with the first bevel gear 2311; a first rotating shaft 11 is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear 2321, and a second rotating shaft 12 is fixedly connected to the third bevel gear 2331, the second rotating shaft 12 is a hollow shaft, and the first rotating shaft 11 passes through the second rotating shaft 12 and extends beyond the lower end of the second rotating shaft 12.

[0044] like Figure 5As shown, the mounting bracket 23 is U-shaped with an opening on one side. The first motor 22 is placed on the side away from the opening. The mounting bracket 23 includes three connecting blocks and two connecting rods 234. The first connecting block 231 is located near the first motor 22. The second connecting block 232 and the third connecting block 233 are arranged vertically at intervals. The connecting rods 234 are L-shaped with rounded transitions at their joints. One connecting rod 234 is used to connect the first connecting block 231 and the second connecting block 232, and the other connecting rod 234 is used to connect the first connecting block 231 and the third connecting block 233. The first bevel gear 2311 is rotatably mounted on the first connecting block 231, the second bevel gear 2321 is rotatably mounted on the second connecting block 232, and the third bevel gear 2331 is rotatably mounted on the third connecting block 233. The second bevel gear 2321 and the third bevel gear 2331 mesh with the first bevel gear 2311 respectively. The output shaft of the first motor 22 passes through the first connecting block 231 of the mounting bracket 23 and connects to the first bevel gear 2311, thereby driving the first bevel gear 2311 to rotate, which in turn drives the second bevel gear 2321 and the third bevel gear 2331 to rotate in the opposite direction. A protective shell 24 is also provided on the outside of the mounting bracket 23 to prevent mud or rock chips splashed during the scraping process from entering the gear meshing point and causing gear wear or jamming.

[0045] In addition to the aforementioned scheme of driving two rotating shafts to rotate in opposite directions via bevel gears, this invention also proposes another transmission structure. In another embodiment of this invention, the transmission structure is a gear and rack transmission structure. Specifically, the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 12 are coaxially arranged. A first gear is provided on the outer side of the first rotating shaft 11, and a second gear is provided on the outer side of the second rotating shaft 12. This transmission structure also includes a rack and an intermediate gear. The first gear and the intermediate gear are spaced apart in the same direction and mesh with different positions of the rack respectively. At the same time, the intermediate gear is also meshed with the second gear. When the motor drives the rack to move, the first gear and the intermediate gear rotate in the same direction, and the second gear rotates in the opposite direction to the intermediate gear, thereby realizing the opposite rotation of the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 12.

[0046] Those skilled in the art will understand that this application is not limited to the bevel gear transmission structure and the gear and rack transmission structure described above. Other transmission structures that can realize the opposite rotation of the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 12 should also be within the protection scope of this application.

[0047] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the linear output assembly 31 includes a second housing 311, an electric push rod 312, and a sliding column 313. The second housing 311 is fixed to the rotating shaft assembly 10. The electric push rod 312 is disposed inside the second housing 311. The sliding column 313 is slidably engaged with the second housing 311. One end of the sliding column 313 located inside the second housing 311 is connected to the output shaft of the electric push rod 312, and the other end of the sliding column 313 located outside the second housing 311 is connected to the mud scraping assembly 32.

[0048] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 12 are respectively fixedly connected to mounting posts. The second housing 311 is fixed to the rotating shaft assembly 10 through the mounting posts. The second housing 311 and the mounting posts can be an integrally formed structure or a detachable connection structure. The second housing 311 is square-shaped, with an opening on the side away from the mounting posts. The electric push rod 312 is fixed inside the second housing 311. The external shape of the sliding post 313 is adapted to the internal shape of the second housing 311. The sliding post 313 slides in conjunction with the second housing 311. One end of the sliding post 313 extends out of the second housing 311 through the opening, and the other end is located inside the second housing 311 and connected to the output shaft of the electric push rod 312. The outer surface of the sliding post 313 is provided with multiple balls 3131 that roll in conjunction with the inner wall of the second housing 311. The four outer walls of the sliding column 313 are provided with balls 3131. The balls 3131 are arranged in a matrix in a multi-row and multi-column manner. The sliding column 313 and the second housing 311 are engaged by the balls 3131, which can reduce friction and improve guiding accuracy.

[0049] Those skilled in the art will understand that the linear output component 31 of this application is not limited to the electric push rod 312 described above, but may also be a linear motor, a ball screw module, a gear and rack module, etc. Other structural forms that can realize linear drive should also be within the protection scope of this application.

[0050] like Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the adaptive sludge scraping device 100 further includes an auxiliary mechanism 40 for providing a softener. The auxiliary mechanism 40 is mounted on the shaft assembly 10 via a second base plate 41. The function of the auxiliary mechanism 40 is to provide a coordinated fluid injection for the scraping operation, specifically by providing a softener. The auxiliary mechanism 40 includes a sleeve 42, a piston 43, a third spring 44, a sliding rod 45, an input pipe 46, and an output pipe 47. The sleeve 42 is fixed to the second base plate 41, which can be fixed to the first rotating shaft 11 or the second rotating shaft 12. The piston 43 slides with the inner wall of the sleeve 42 to form a piston cavity. The third spring 44 is located in the piston cavity and abuts against the sleeve 42 and the piston 43. One end of the sliding rod 45 extends into the sleeve 42 and is connected to the piston 43, while the other end of the sliding rod 45 is driven by an intermittent power device. The input pipe 46 is used to introduce the softener and is connected to the piston cavity. The output pipe 47 is used to spray the softener and is connected to the piston cavity.

[0051] Specifically, the sliding rod 45 is fixedly connected to the piston 43 to form a piston assembly. The piston assembly slides with the sleeve 42. The process of the piston chamber volume increasing and the third spring 44 extending is defined as the softener intake process, and the process of the piston chamber volume decreasing and the third spring 44 being compressed is defined as the softener injection process. The softener intake process is achieved by the third spring 44 and the input pipe 46, and the softener injection process is achieved by the intermittent power device and the output pipe 47. The intake process and the injection process alternate. Understandably, the input pipe 46 is connected to the external softener, and the outlet of the output pipe 47 faces the inner wall of the wellbore.

[0052] When the piston chamber is filled with softener, the intermittent power unit pushes the piston assembly to move, compressing the piston chamber. At this time, the piston chamber volume decreases, the third spring 44 is compressed, and the softener in the piston chamber is sprayed onto the inner wall of the wellbore through the output pipe 47, achieving softener injection. When the thrust of the intermittent power unit disappears, the third spring 44 quickly rebounds. At this time, the piston chamber volume increases, the third spring 44 extends, and external softener enters the piston chamber through the input pipe 46, achieving softener intake.

[0053] The intermittent power device provides power intermittently to achieve the injection process, while the suction process is achieved by the spring force of the third spring 44. In one embodiment of the invention, the intermittent power device includes a second motor 48 and a cam 49, wherein the second motor 48 is disposed on the second base plate 41; the cam 49 is fixed to the output shaft of the second motor 48, and the end of the sliding rod 45 away from the piston 43 abuts against the outer wall surface of the cam 49. The second motor 48 drives the cam 49 to rotate continuously, and the sliding rod 45 contacts the outer wall surface of the cam 49. Through the special profile of the cam 49, the rotational motion of the cam 49 is converted into the reciprocating linear motion of the sliding rod 45. In this process, the function of the third spring 44 is to ensure that the piston component can quickly rebound after the thrust of the cam 49 disappears, thus completing the suction process.

[0054] Those skilled in the art will understand that intermittent power devices are not limited to the aforementioned cam mechanism, but may also be crank-slider mechanisms, etc. Other structural forms that can provide intermittent driving force should also fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0055] The delivery direction of the input pipe 46 and the output pipe 47 is precisely controlled by a one-way valve, which controls whether the softener flows into or out of the piston chamber. The input pipe 46 includes a first hollow pipe and a first one-way valve. The first one-way valve is installed inside the first hollow pipe to ensure that the softener can only be drawn into the piston chamber in one direction and will not flow back. The output pipe 47 includes a second hollow pipe and a second one-way valve. The second one-way valve is installed inside the second hollow pipe to ensure that the pressurized softener can only be ejected from the end of the second hollow pipe.

[0056] During the intake of the softener, the third spring 44 returns to its original position, the piston chamber volume gradually increases, and a negative pressure is formed inside the piston chamber. The first one-way valve opens, and the softener is drawn in by the first hollow tube and enters the piston chamber. At this time, the second one-way valve remains closed. During the injection of the softener, the second motor 48 drives the piston assembly to move into the piston chamber via the cam 49. The pressure inside the piston chamber increases. At this time, the first one-way valve closes, the second one-way valve opens, and the softener is discharged through the second hollow tube and sprayed onto the inner wall of the wellbore.

[0057] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0058] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0059] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0060] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An adaptive sludge scraping device for scraping the inner wall of a wellbore, characterized in that, The adaptive sludge scraping device includes: Shaft assembly (10); Power unit (20) for rotating and driving the shaft assembly (10); and The sludge scraper assembly (30) is fixed to the rotating shaft assembly (10) and rotates synchronously. The sludge scraper assembly (30) includes a linear output component (31) and a sludge scraper assembly (32). The linear output component (31) is used to drive the sludge scraper assembly (32) to approach or move away from the inner wall of the wellbore. The sludge scraping assembly (32) includes: The first housing (33) is connected to the output end of the linear output assembly (31) on one side and has an opening on the other side; A scraper (34) is slidably engaged with the first housing (33). One end of the scraper (34) extends out of the first housing (33) through the opening, and the other end is located inside the first housing (33). The sensor (35) is installed inside the first housing (33); The first spring (36) abuts between the scraper (34) and the sensor (35).

2. The adaptive sludge scraping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scraper (34) includes: A sliding seat (341) is slidably engaged with the first housing (33); A limiting plate (342) is provided at one end of the sliding seat (341) located inside the first housing (33); A scraper (343) is detachably mounted on one end of the sliding seat (341) located outside the first housing (33); The first housing (33) is provided with a limiting part (331) that cooperates with the limiting plate (342) to restrict the scraper (34) from disengaging from the opening.

3. The adaptive sludge scraping device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The scraper (34) also includes a locking assembly (344) for locking the scraper (343) to the sliding seat (341).

4. The adaptive sludge scraping device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sliding seat (341) has a mounting hole (3411), the scraper (343) has a locking hole (3431), and the locking assembly (344) includes: The outer casing (3441) is fixed to the mounting hole (3411). An inner shell (3442) is disposed inside the outer shell (3441), and a guide groove (3442a) is formed on the side wall of the inner shell (3442). A pin (3443) is provided with a guide portion (3443a); The second spring (3444) is sleeved on the pin (3443). The guide portion (3443a) moves along the guide groove (3442a) so that the pin (3443) can switch between a locked position and an unlocked position; In the locked position, the second spring (3444) pushes the pin (3443) through the mounting hole (3411) and into the locking hole (3431); in the unlocked position, the pin (3443) disengages from the locking hole (3431) and compresses the second spring (3444).

5. The adaptive sludge scraping device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide groove (3442a) is L-shaped or J-shaped.

6. The adaptive sludge scraping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating shaft assembly (10) includes a first rotating shaft (11) and a second rotating shaft (12) arranged coaxially. There are two scraper assemblies (30) respectively located on the first rotating shaft (11) and the second rotating shaft (12). The power device (20) is used to drive the first rotating shaft (11) and the second rotating shaft (12) to rotate in opposite directions.

7. The adaptive sludge scraping device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power unit (20) includes: The first motor (22) is mounted on the first base plate (21); Mounting bracket (23), on which a first bevel gear (2311), a second bevel gear (2321) and a third bevel gear (2331) are rotatably mounted. The output shaft of the first motor (22) passes through the mounting bracket (23) and is connected to the first bevel gear (2311). The second bevel gear (2321) and the third bevel gear (2331) are spaced apart vertically and mesh with the first bevel gear (2311) respectively. The first rotating shaft (11) is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear (2321), the second rotating shaft (12) is fixedly connected to the third bevel gear (2331), the second rotating shaft (12) is a hollow shaft, the first rotating shaft (11) passes through the second rotating shaft (12) and extends beyond the lower end of the second rotating shaft (12).

8. The adaptive sludge scraping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear output component (31) includes: The second housing (311) is fixed to the shaft assembly (10). An electric push rod (312) is disposed inside the second housing (311); The sliding column (313) is slidably engaged with the second housing (311). One end of the sliding column (313) located inside the second housing (311) is connected to the output shaft of the electric push rod (312), and the other end of the sliding column (313) located outside the second housing (311) is connected to the mud scraper assembly (32).

9. The adaptive sludge scraping device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer surface of the sliding column (313) is provided with a plurality of balls (3131) that roll in cooperation with the inner wall of the second housing (311).

10. The adaptive sludge scraping device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second housing (311) is fixed to the shaft assembly (10) by a mounting post.

11. The adaptive sludge scraping device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The adaptive sludge scraper also includes an auxiliary mechanism (40) for providing a softener, the auxiliary mechanism (40) being mounted on the shaft assembly (10) via a second base plate (41).

12. The adaptive sludge scraping device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The auxiliary mechanism (40) includes: Sleeve (42), the sleeve (42) is fixed to the second base plate (41); Piston (43), which slides with the inner wall of the sleeve (42) to form a piston cavity; The third spring (44) is located in the piston cavity and abuts between the sleeve (42) and the piston (43); A sliding rod (45), one end of which extends into the sleeve (42) and is connected to the piston (43), and the other end of which is driven by an intermittent power device; An input tube (46) is used to introduce a softener, and the input tube (46) is in communication with the piston chamber; The output pipe (47) is used to spray the softener and is connected to the piston chamber.

13. The adaptive sludge scraping device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The intermittent power unit includes: The second motor (48) is mounted on the second base plate (41); Cam (49), which is fixed to the output shaft of the second motor (48), and the end of the sliding rod (45) away from the piston (43) abuts against the outer wall surface of the cam (49).

14. The adaptive sludge scraping device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The input pipe (46) includes a first hollow pipe and a first one-way valve, the first one-way valve being used to control the flow direction of the softener.

15. The adaptive sludge scraping device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The output pipe (47) includes a second hollow pipe and a second one-way valve, the second one-way valve being used to control the flow direction of the softener.

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