Multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir development method and fracturing ground process automatic control system

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir development method and a fracturing ground process automatic control system. The method comprises the steps that monitoring data corresponding to different reservoir positions in a shaft are obtained in the multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir development process; dividing the reservoir position into a high-permeability layer and a low-permeability layer according to a comparison result of the monitoring data and a plurality of preset threshold intervals; when a pressure difference value between a first average pressure value corresponding to a high-permeability layer and a second average pressure value corresponding to an adjacent low-permeability layer is greater than a preset equilibrium range, determining the high-permeability layer and the low-permeability layer as a target high-permeability layer and a target low-permeability layer to be subjected to equilibrium adjustment; respectively acquiring a first opening value of a first valve in the target high-permeability layer and a second opening value of a second valve in the target low-permeability layer according to the pressure change rate and the pressure change direction; and the corresponding valve is adjusted according to the first opening value and the second opening value, so that the pressure difference value is smaller than or equal to the preset balance range.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of heterogeneous reservoir resource development, and particularly relates to a multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir development method and a fracturing ground process automatic control system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the gradual decrease of easy-to-exploit homogeneous reservoir resources, the development of heterogeneous reservoirs has become the focus of oil and gas field development. The significant feature of heterogeneous reservoirs is that the physical parameters (such as permeability, porosity, etc.) inside the reservoirs are unevenly distributed, which leads to the non-uniformity of fluid flow in the reservoirs, which increases the difficulty of resource exploitation. In order to effectively develop heterogeneous reservoirs, it is necessary to develop fine development strategies according to the characteristics of different permeable layers to ensure balanced resource exploitation and improve the overall resource utilization rate of the reservoir.

[0003] At present, the commonly used technical scheme for the development of heterogeneous reservoirs is the layered injection-production technology, that is, a layered control device such as a multi-stage packer is arranged in the wellbore, combined with reservoir pressure monitoring data (such as pressure value, permeability and porosity, etc.), the operating personnel manually adjusts the injection-production parameters of each reservoir to realize the layered control of different reservoir regions. Then, the current layered management method for the development of heterogeneous reservoirs mainly relies on manual experience for adjustment, and it is difficult to quickly respond to the complex changes of reservoir dynamic characteristics (such as pressure change rate and direction). When the pressure changes between the high-permeability layer and the low-permeability layer inside the reservoir are large, the existing technology is difficult to realize rapid and accurate adjustment, which leads to the phenomenon of fluid competition between the high-permeability layer and the low-permeability layer, and further causes the over-exploitation of the high-permeability layer and the low-efficiency exploitation of the low-permeability layer, which affects the overall resource utilization rate of the reservoir.

[0004] In addition, for example, the patent application with the patent publication number CN109959595A proposes a method and device for testing permeability in the process of hydraulic sand fracturing of compact reservoirs. Although it provides a theoretical basis and experimental method for the permeability variation law of compact reservoirs, and can guide the exploitation of homogeneous reservoirs based on permeability. However, this method focuses on single rock sample testing and mechanical parameter calibration, and has not yet formed a complete system solution covering real-time monitoring, rapid discrimination and coordinated control valve opening degree of different reservoir positions and different permeable layers in the wellbore to achieve dynamic balance of the reservoir. The integration is insufficient in the overall development strategy of heterogeneous reservoirs. For example, the patent application with the patent publication number CN116401930A proposes a numerical simulation method and device for hydraulic fracturing crack propagation in heterogeneous reservoirs. It uses PFC discrete element software to numerically simulate heterogeneous cemented reservoirs, heterogeneous permeability characteristics and crack propagation, provides the crack propagation mechanism and simulation tool under heterogeneous conditions, and can evaluate the influence of heterogeneity on crack propagation at the model level and provide simulation results for construction design. However, this work belongs to simulation / model level research, lacks a closed-loop system for direct application in real-time monitoring and field valve control in the wellbore, and it is difficult to realize the conversion of simulation results into dynamic regulation strategies for multiple reservoirs in the wellbore.

[0005] In summary, the existing technology has the following deficiencies in the development and permeability testing of heterogeneous reservoirs: lack of dynamic layering identification and rapid adaptive regulation mechanism based on comprehensive monitoring data of multiple reservoir positions in the wellbore, lack of a complete closed-loop system for pressure balance between high and low permeable layers in the reservoir on site, and lack of a unified integrated framework for converting monitoring data into valve opening regulation strategies under heterogeneous conditions. These deficiencies limit the rapid response to dynamic changes in the reservoir and the optimal allocation of resources. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the present application provides a multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir development method and a fracturing ground process automatic control system to solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following scheme: According to a first aspect of the present application, a multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir development method is provided, which comprises: obtaining monitoring data corresponding to different reservoir positions in the wellbore during the development of the multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir, the monitoring data including pressure data, permeability data and porosity data; dividing the reservoir positions into high permeable layers and low permeable layers according to the comparison results of the monitoring data and a plurality of preset threshold intervals; When a pressure difference between a first average pressure value corresponding to the high permeability layer and a second average pressure value corresponding to the adjacent low permeability layer is greater than a preset equilibrium range, the high permeability layer and the low permeability layer are determined as target high permeability layers and target low permeability layers to be balanced and adjusted. A first opening value of a first valve in the target high permeability layer and a second opening value of a second valve in the target low permeability layer are obtained according to a pressure change rate and a pressure change direction, respectively. The corresponding valves are adjusted according to the first opening value and the second opening value, so that the pressure difference is less than or equal to the preset equilibrium range.

[0008] As an embodiment of the present application, in the above method, obtaining the first opening value of the first valve in the target high permeability layer and the second opening value of the second valve in the target low permeability layer according to the pressure change rate and the pressure change direction comprises: The first basic adjustment proportion of the target high permeability layer and the second basic adjustment proportion of the target low permeability layer are obtained from a preset valve adjustment rule table according to the pressure change rate and the pressure change direction. The first correction coefficient of the target high permeability layer and the second correction coefficient corresponding to the target low permeability layer are matched according to the pressure difference belonging to a preset pressure difference interval, respectively. The first adjustment proportion is multiplied by the first correction coefficient to obtain the first adjustment proportion of the target high permeability layer, and the second adjustment proportion is multiplied by the second correction coefficient to obtain the second adjustment proportion of the target low permeability layer. The first opening value of the first valve and the second opening value of the second valve are calculated according to the current opening of the valve and the first adjustment proportion and the second adjustment proportion, respectively.

[0009] As an embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the first opening value of the first valve in the target high permeability layer and the second opening value of the second valve in the target low permeability layer in the above method, the above method further comprises: A boundary layer pressure change value between the target high permeability layer and the target low permeability layer is detected, and the boundary layer pressure change value is a pressure fluctuation amplitude of a boundary layer within a preset time window. When it is detected that the boundary layer pressure change value is greater than a preset critical threshold, a conservative coefficient is calculated based on the boundary layer pressure change value, and the conservative coefficient is positively correlated with the boundary layer pressure change value. The first opening value and the second opening value are respectively corrected according to the conservative coefficient to obtain a first conservative opening value and a second conservative opening value after correction, and the first conservative opening value is less than the first opening value, and the second conservative opening value is less than the second opening value.

[0010] As an embodiment of the present application, the step of adjusting the corresponding valve according to the first opening value and the second opening value to make the pressure difference value less than or equal to the preset equalization range in the above method includes: adjusting the current opening of the first valve in the target high-permeability layer to the first conservative opening value with a first adjustment coefficient within a first preset time period; monitoring the change rate of the pressure change trend between the target high-permeability layer and the target low-permeability layer; when the change rate is detected to be less than a preset change rate threshold, adjusting the current opening of the second valve in the target low-permeability layer to the second conservative opening value with a second adjustment coefficient within a second preset time period, the first adjustment coefficient being greater than the second adjustment coefficient.

[0011] As an embodiment of the present application, before the step of adjusting the current opening of the first valve in the target high-permeability layer to the first conservative opening value with a first adjustment coefficient within a first preset time period in the above method, the above method further includes: obtaining a first span value of the target high-permeability layer and a second span value of the target low-permeability layer; matching the ratio of the first span value to the second span value with a plurality of preset span ratio intervals to obtain a target span ratio interval; adjusting a preset adjustment base according to a first reference coefficient and a second reference coefficient corresponding to the target span ratio interval respectively to obtain the first adjustment coefficient and the second adjustment coefficient.

[0012] As an embodiment of the present application, after the step of obtaining the monitoring data corresponding to different reservoir positions in the wellbore in the above method, the above method further includes: labeling the vertical depth distribution of different reservoir positions in a longitudinal distribution diagram and displaying the permeability and porosity values corresponding to each reservoir position; generating a parameter curve based on the reservoir positions labeled in the longitudinal distribution diagram, the parameter curve displaying the change trend of the pressure value and the pressure change rate of each reservoir position with time in different colors; determining the distribution positions of the high-permeability layer and the low-permeability layer according to the pressure value and the pressure change rate displayed by the parameter curve, and calculating the pressure difference value between adjacent high-permeability layers and low-permeability layers; detecting when the pressure difference value is greater than a preset equalization range and giving an alarm prompt.

[0013] According to a second aspect of the present application, an automatic control system for fracturing ground processes is provided, comprising: The monitoring data acquisition unit is configured to acquire monitoring data corresponding to different reservoir positions in a wellbore during development of a multilayer heterogeneous reservoir, the monitoring data including pressure data, permeability data, and porosity data; The permeable layer division unit is configured to divide the reservoir positions into high-permeability layers and low-permeability layers according to a comparison result of the monitoring data and a plurality of preset threshold intervals; The to-be-adjusted permeable layer determination unit is configured to determine a high-permeability layer and a low-permeability layer as target high-permeability layers and target low-permeability layers to be balanced and adjusted when a pressure difference between a first average pressure value corresponding to the high-permeability layer and a second average pressure value corresponding to the adjacent low-permeability layer is greater than a preset balancing range; The opening value acquisition unit is configured to acquire a first opening value of a first valve in the target high-permeability layer and a second opening value of a second valve in the target low-permeability layer according to a pressure change rate and a pressure change direction, respectively. The valve adjustment unit is configured to adjust the corresponding valves according to the first opening value and the second opening value, so that the pressure difference is less than or equal to the preset balancing range.

[0014] As an embodiment of the present application, the opening value acquisition unit includes: The basic adjustment proportion acquisition module is configured to acquire a first basic adjustment proportion of the target high-permeability layer and a second basic adjustment proportion of the target low-permeability layer from a preset valve adjustment rule table according to a pressure change rate and a pressure change direction. The correction coefficient acquisition module is configured to match a first correction coefficient of the target high-permeability layer and a second correction coefficient of the target low-permeability layer according to a preset pressure difference value interval to which the pressure difference belongs, respectively. The adjustment proportion acquisition module is configured to multiply the first basic adjustment proportion by the first correction coefficient to obtain a first adjustment proportion of the target high-permeability layer, and multiply the second basic adjustment proportion by the second correction coefficient to obtain a second adjustment proportion of the target low-permeability layer. The opening value calculation module is configured to calculate the first opening value of the first valve and the second opening value of the second valve according to a current opening of the valve and the first adjustment proportion and the second adjustment proportion, respectively.

[0015] As an embodiment of the present application, the device further includes: The boundary pressure change detection unit is configured to detect a boundary layer pressure change value between the target high-permeability layer and the target low-permeability layer, the boundary layer pressure change value being a pressure fluctuation amplitude of a boundary layer within a preset time window. The conservative coefficient calculation unit is configured to calculate a conservative coefficient based on the boundary layer pressure change value when the boundary layer pressure change value is greater than a preset critical threshold, the conservative coefficient being positively correlated with the boundary layer pressure change value. The opening value correction unit is configured to correct the first opening value and the second opening value respectively according to the conservative coefficient to obtain a first conservative opening value and a second conservative opening value, the first conservative opening value being less than the first opening value, and the second conservative opening value being less than the second opening value.

[0016] As an embodiment of the present application, the valve adjustment unit specifically comprises: The first adjustment module is configured to adjust a current opening of the first valve in the target high-permeability layer to the first conservative opening value within a first preset time period with a first adjustment coefficient; The change rate monitoring module is configured to monitor a change rate of a pressure change trend between the target high-permeability layer and the target low-permeability layer; The second adjustment module is configured to adjust a current opening of the second valve in the target low-permeability layer to the second conservative opening value within a second preset time period with a second adjustment coefficient when the change rate is detected to be less than a preset change rate threshold, the first adjustment coefficient being greater than the second adjustment coefficient.

[0017] As an embodiment of the present application, the valve adjustment unit further comprises: The span value acquisition module is configured to acquire a first span value of the target high-permeability layer and a second span value of the target low-permeability layer; The span ratio interval acquisition module is configured to match a ratio of the first span value to the second span value with a plurality of preset span ratio intervals to obtain a target span ratio interval; The adjustment coefficient acquisition module is configured to adjust a preset adjustment base according to a first reference coefficient and a second reference coefficient corresponding to the target span ratio interval respectively to obtain the first adjustment coefficient and the second adjustment coefficient.

[0018] As an embodiment of the present application, the device further comprises: The reservoir position labeling unit is configured to label vertical depth distributions of different reservoir positions in a longitudinal distribution map and display permeability and porosity values corresponding to each reservoir position; The parameter curve generation unit is configured to generate a parameter curve based on the reservoir positions labeled in the longitudinal distribution map, the parameter curve displaying pressure values and pressure change rate trends of each reservoir position with time in different colors; a pressure difference value calculation unit configured to determine the distribution positions of the high-permeability layer and the low-permeability layer according to the pressure value and the pressure change rate displayed by the parameter curve, and to calculate the pressure difference value between the adjacent high-permeability layer and low-permeability layer; an alarm prompting unit configured to perform alarm prompting when it is detected that the pressure difference value is greater than a preset equalization range.

[0019] According to a third aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the above method when executing the computer program.

[0020] According to a fourth aspect of the present application, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program, wherein the computer program is executable by a processor to implement the steps of the above method.

[0021] According to a fifth aspect of the present application, a computer program product is provided, comprising computer programs / instructions, wherein the computer programs / instructions are executable by a processor to implement the steps of the above method.

[0022] The multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir development method and the fracturing ground process automatic control system provided by the present application can obtain monitoring data such as pressure, permeability and porosity of different reservoir positions in the wellbore in real time, automatically divide high-permeability layers and low-permeability layers and identify target layers that need to be adjusted. By taking the pressure change rate and direction as the basis for matching the valve opening value, a dynamic response mechanism is established. This precise control scheme based on multiple parameters enables the system to respond to reservoir pressure changes in time and make corresponding adjustments, which can address the fluid competition problem caused by untimely adjustment in traditional methods, and realizes efficient and balanced development of reservoir resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a flowchart of a multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir development method provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a flowchart of obtaining a first opening value and a second opening value provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a flowchart of correcting a first opening value and a second opening value provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4is a flowchart provided by the present application for adjusting the corresponding valve according to the opening value; Figure 5 is a flowchart provided by the present application for obtaining the first adjustment coefficient and the second adjustment coefficient; Figure 6 is a flowchart provided by the present application for visualization and alarm prompt; Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a fracturing ground process automatic control system provided by the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, further detailed description will be made to the embodiments of the present application in combination with the drawings. Herein, the illustrative embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are used to explain the present application, but not as a limitation to the present application.

[0025] As Figure 1 shown is a flowchart of a multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir development method provided by the present application, the execution subject of the method is a fracturing ground process automatic control system, and the method comprises the following steps: Step S101: obtaining monitoring data corresponding to different reservoir positions in a wellbore in a multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir development process, wherein the monitoring data comprises pressure data, permeability data and porosity data.

[0026] The wellbore in this step refers to a tubular passage from the ground to the reservoir in the oil and gas exploitation process, which is used for lowering exploitation equipment, transmitting fluid and monitoring data; the reservoir position refers to the specific depth point of different oil and gas reservoirs in the vertical direction crossed by the wellbore; the monitoring data refers to physical parameters collected by sensors (such as pressure sensors, permeability testers, etc.) deployed in the wellbore, including pressure data (pressure value, pressure change rate, etc.), permeability data and porosity data.

[0027] In the multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir development process, the fracturing ground process automatic control system collects physical parameters of each reservoir position in real time through the distributed sensor network deployed inside the wellbore. The sensors can be arranged at depth intervals (such as one measuring point every 10 meters), and each measuring point corresponds to a unique reservoir position identifier. The system performs preliminary filtering processing on the collected pressure value, pressure change rate, permeability and porosity data, stores them to the database after removing outliers, and forms a real-time monitoring data set of each reservoir position.

[0028] Step S102: dividing the reservoir positions into high-permeability layers and low-permeability layers according to the comparison results of the monitoring data and a plurality of preset threshold intervals.

[0029] Specifically, the fracturing ground process automatic control system in this step can compare the permeability data of each reservoir location with the preset threshold interval. If the permeability of a certain reservoir location is greater than the upper limit of the high permeability layer threshold (such as 500 mD), it is classified into the high permeability layer; if the permeability is less than the lower limit of the low permeability layer threshold (such as 50 mD), it is classified into the low permeability layer; if the permeability is between the two (medium permeability layer), it can be decided according to the actual needs whether to be classified separately or to be classified into the adjacent layer. In addition, the classification results are stored in the form of a layered data table, recording the starting depth, thickness, average permeability and other parameters of each permeability layer, and are visually displayed on the system interface.

[0030] The fracturing ground process automatic control system can also obtain the unique identification of each valve and its corresponding depth coordinate (position coordinate) through the positioning sensor (such as electromagnetic positioning instrument) integrated in the wellbore or reading the equipment archive database, traverse the valve list stored in the database, extract the "installation depth" field of each valve, form a mapping table containing valve ID and position coordinate, and update the position information for newly installed valves through manual input or automatic calibration process; then according to the valve type and reservoir physical property parameters, combined with the fluid mechanics model, the control range of each valve is calculated, for example, for the packer valve installed at well depth H'' meters, the default control range is [H''-Δh, H''+Δh], and it is dynamically adjusted according to the regional permeability difference, the range is expanded for high permeability, and vice versa; finally, traverse the fluid control range of each valve, filter out the target permeability layer with a span less than the preset threshold (such as 15 meters), retrieve its upper and lower adjacent permeability layers, calculate the span of each adjacent layer, select the adjacent layer with the largest span as the merging target, integrate the target layer reservoir location attributes into the target layer, and display the merged layers on the visualization interface, and update the permeability layer classification data.

[0031] Step S103: When the pressure difference between the first average pressure value corresponding to the high permeability layer and the second average pressure value corresponding to the adjacent low permeability layer is greater than the preset equilibrium range, the high permeability layer and the low permeability layer are determined as the target high permeability layer and the target low permeability layer to be balanced and adjusted.

[0032] The fracturing ground process automatic control system can traverse all adjacent high-permeability layers and low-permeability layer combinations (for example, high-permeability layer A is located at a well depth of 1200-1300 meters, and low-permeability layer B is located below high-permeability layer A at a well depth of 1300-1400 meters, and the two are adjacent to each other in the wellbore), and then calculate the pressure difference value of each group: for each high-permeability layer, collect the pressure values of all reservoir positions thereof, and calculate a first average pressure value; for the adjacent low-permeability layer, calculate a second average pressure value; then calculate the absolute difference between the first average pressure value and the second average pressure value, and compare the difference with a preset balance range (for example, 0.3-0.7 MPa); if the difference is greater than the upper limit of the balance range (for example, 0.7 MPa), it is determined that the pressure is unbalanced, and the corresponding high-permeability layer and low-permeability layer are marked as target layers (i.e., target high-permeability layer and target low-permeability layer); if the difference is within the balance range, it is determined that no adjustment is needed.

[0033] In this embodiment, the fracturing ground process automatic control system can use a sliding window algorithm to calculate the average pressure difference value in the last N sampling periods (for example, within 1 hour) to avoid misjudgment caused by accidental fluctuations; can also combine a percolation mechanics model (for example, Darcy's law) to predict the pressure conduction trend between adjacent layers and identify potential pressure imbalance risk layer pairs in advance; and can allow an operator to manually specify a high-low permeability layer combination to be monitored (for example, a key development layer section).

[0034] Step S104: obtaining a first opening degree value of a first valve in the target high-permeability layer and a second opening degree value of a second valve in the target low-permeability layer according to the pressure change rate and the pressure change direction.

[0035] In this embodiment, different pressure change rates and pressure change directions can correspond to different opening degree values of different valves, and the corresponding first opening degree value and second opening degree value can be obtained through a pre-set different corresponding rule, for example, the first opening degree value of the first valve in the high-permeability layer is 73.5%, and the second opening degree value of the second valve in the low-permeability layer is 39%.

[0036] Step S105: adjusting the corresponding valve according to the first opening degree value and the second opening degree value, so that the pressure difference value is less than or equal to the preset balance range.

[0037] In the embodiment, the fracturing ground process automatic control system sends an instruction to the first valve in the target high-permeability layer to adjust its opening degree from a current value (e.g., 60%) to a first opening degree value (e.g., 73.5%) to increase the fluid outflow (or injection, depending on the pressure change direction) of the layer; at the same time, an instruction is sent to the second valve in the target low-permeability layer to adjust its opening degree from a current value (e.g., 50%) to a second opening degree value (e.g., 39%) to reduce the fluid outflow (or increase the injection) of the layer. During the adjustment, the pressure change difference is monitored in real time, and when the difference is detected to be within a preset balancing range (e.g., 0.4 MPa), the adjustment is stopped; if the difference does not meet the standard after adjustment, a secondary adjustment process is automatically triggered.

[0038] As can be seen from the above, the multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir development method provided in the embodiment divides the reservoir into high and low permeability layers through the fracturing ground process automatic control system by acquiring monitoring data such as pressure, permeability, and porosity at different reservoir positions in the wellbore, and identifies the target permeability layer that needs to be adjusted by monitoring the pressure difference between adjacent layers. The opening degree value of the valve is accurately matched in combination with the pressure change rate and direction of the target permeability layer, and the dynamic balance of the pressure between the high and low permeability layers is achieved through the coordinated adjustment of the valve opening degree, which reduces the occurrence of fluid competition and enables the full and balanced development and utilization of the resources of each layer of the reservoir, thereby improving the overall recovery of the reservoir.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 2 The step S104 of acquiring the first opening degree value of the first valve in the target high-permeability layer and the second opening degree value of the second valve in the target low-permeability layer according to the pressure change rate and the pressure change direction can further include: Step S1041: acquiring a first basic adjustment ratio of the target high-permeability layer and a second basic adjustment ratio of the target low-permeability layer from a preset valve adjustment rule table according to the pressure change rate and the pressure change direction.

[0040] In the embodiment, the preset valve adjustment rule table is built in the database of the system, which stores the corresponding relationship between different pressure change rates, directions, and valve basic adjustment ratios, for example, the proportion of the increase in the opening degree of the high-permeability layer valve when the pressure rapidly decreases. The basic adjustment ratio here refers to the initial adjustment amplitude (expressed in percentage) of the valve opening degree, which is an initial adjustment parameter determined according to the basic characteristics (rate and direction) of the pressure change.

[0041] The fracturing ground process automatic control system extracts the pressure change rate (such as 0.8 MPa / h) and direction (such as downward) of the target high-permeability layer and the pressure change rate (such as 0.3 MPa / h) and direction (such as upward) of the target low-permeability layer as the retrieval condition. The system accesses the preset valve adjustment rule table. Optionally, the table is divided into multiple cells according to the pressure change rate interval (such as ≤0.5 MPa / h as "low speed" and 0.5-1 MPa / h as "medium speed") and direction (upward / downward), and each cell stores a corresponding basic adjustment proportion (for example, the basic adjustment proportion is +15% when the pressure of the high-permeability layer is medium speed and downward, and the basic adjustment proportion is -12% when the pressure of the low-permeability layer is low speed and upward). For example, according to the retrieved proportion value, the basic adjustment proportions of the target high-permeability layer and the target low-permeability layer are determined to be +15% and -12%, respectively.

[0042] Step S1042: The first correction coefficient of the target high-permeability layer and the second correction coefficient corresponding to the target low-permeability layer are matched according to the preset pressure difference interval to which the pressure difference value belongs.

[0043] In this embodiment, it is assumed that the fracturing ground process automatic control system calculates the pressure difference value of the target high-permeability layer and the target low-permeability layer to be 1.1 MPa and judges that it belongs to the "high difference value interval" (preset as >1 MPa). According to the preset mapping relationship, the system matches the first correction coefficient of the target high-permeability layer to be 1.2 and the second correction coefficient of the target low-permeability layer to be 0.8 (the correction coefficients corresponding to the high difference value interval are set as: the high-permeability layer coefficient >1 to increase the adjustment amplitude, and the low-permeability layer coefficient <1 to reduce the adjustment amplitude).

[0044] The first correction coefficient and the second correction coefficient are used to adjust the basic adjustment proportion, so that the final adjustment parameter is more in line with the actual imbalance demand.

[0045] Step S1043: The first basic adjustment proportion is multiplied by the first correction coefficient to obtain the first adjustment proportion of the target high-permeability layer, and the second basic adjustment proportion is multiplied by the second correction coefficient to obtain the second adjustment proportion of the target low-permeability layer.

[0046] Step S1044: The first opening value of the first valve and the second opening value of the second valve are calculated according to the current opening of the valve and the first adjustment proportion and the second adjustment proportion, respectively.

[0047] The first valve and the second valve are fluid control valves installed in the target high-permeability layer and the target low-permeability layer respectively, and are used to execute the opening degree adjustment instruction; the first opening degree value and the second opening degree value represent the target opening degree (in percentage) of the valve, which is calculated by the current opening degree and the final adjustment ratio (the first adjustment ratio and the second adjustment ratio), for example, the target opening degree of 78% is obtained by adding the current opening degree of 60% and the final ratio of +18%.

[0048] In the embodiment, the system establishes the basic adjustment ratio through the valve adjustment rule table, and introduces the correction coefficient corresponding to the pressure difference value interval, to form a complete opening degree value calculation system. This multi-level calculation method can generate optimal valve adjustment parameters according to the specific situation of reservoir pressure change. The accurate control realized thereby improves the effect of pressure balance, and makes the fluid flow between the high-permeability layer and the low-permeability layer more balanced, and the reservoir development more efficient.

[0049] In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 3 After the first opening degree value of the first valve in the target high-permeability layer and the second opening degree value of the second valve in the target low-permeability layer are obtained in step S104, the method of the embodiment further includes: Step S301: detecting the boundary layer pressure change value between the target high-permeability layer and the target low-permeability layer, the boundary layer pressure change value being the pressure fluctuation amplitude of the boundary layer in a preset time window.

[0050] The boundary layer in this step is the adjacent area of the target high-permeability layer and the target low-permeability layer in the vertical direction of the wellbore, and is the interactive zone of the fluid seepage of the two layers, and the pressure fluctuation thereof directly reflects the intensity of the interlayer fluid exchange; the boundary layer pressure change value refers to the pressure fluctuation amplitude (unit: MPa) of the boundary layer in a preset time window (such as 30 minutes), which can be obtained by calculating the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value, and is used to measure the interlayer pressure stability.

[0051] Step S302: when it is detected that the boundary layer pressure change value is greater than a preset critical threshold, calculating a conservative coefficient based on the boundary layer pressure change value, the conservative coefficient being positively correlated with the boundary layer pressure change value.

[0052] The fracturing ground process automatic control system can collect the pressure data of the region in real time through the special pressure sensor deployed in the boundary layer, calculate the pressure fluctuation amplitude in the preset time window (for example, the maximum value of the pressure in the current 30 minutes is 15.6 MPa, the minimum value is 15.3 MPa, and the change value is 0.3 MPa). If the change value is greater than the preset critical threshold (such as 0.2 MPa), the conservative coefficient is calculated. Wherein, the conservative coefficient = 1 (change value (Critical threshold) / Maximum permissible fluctuation. For example, if the maximum permissible fluctuation is 0.5 MPa, then the conservatism coefficient is 1. (0.3 0.2) / 0.5=0.8.

[0053] Step S303: Correct the first opening value and the second opening value according to the conservative coefficient to obtain the corrected first conservative opening value and the second conservative opening value. The first conservative opening value is less than the first opening value, and the second conservative opening value is less than the second opening value.

[0054] The automated control system for fracturing the surface process multiplies the first opening value (e.g., 73.5%) by a conservatism coefficient (e.g., 0.8) to obtain the first conservative opening value: 73.5% × 0.8 = 58.8%. Similarly, it multiplies the second opening value (e.g., 39%) by the conservatism coefficient to obtain the second conservative opening value: 39% × 0.8 = 31.2%. The corrected opening value ensures that the adjustment intensity matches the boundary layer stability, which can reduce the risk of interlayer fluid cross-flow due to over-adjustment.

[0055] In another embodiment of this application, such as Figure 4 As shown, corresponding to the above embodiment, step S105, adjusting the corresponding valve based on the first opening value and the second opening value to make the pressure difference less than or equal to the preset equilibrium range, may further include: Step S1051: Adjust the current opening degree of the first valve in the target high-permeability layer to the first conservative opening degree value within a first preset time period using the first adjustment coefficient.

[0056] The automatic control system for fracturing surface processes first calculates the difference between the current valve opening and the first conservative opening value, Δ = first conservative opening value - current opening (if Δ is negative, it indicates that the valve is being closed). Then, based on the first adjustment coefficient C1 and the first preset time period T1 (e.g., 10 minutes), it calculates the adjustment amount per unit time, Δt = Δ / T1. For example, if the current opening is 60%, the first conservative opening value is 58.8%, Δ = -1.2%, C1 = 0.6% / minute, and T1 = 10 minutes, then Δt = -0.12% / minute (i.e., closing by 0.12% per minute). The system sends periodic adjustment commands to the first valve according to this adjustment amount (e.g., updating the opening every minute) until the valve opening reaches the first conservative opening value. During this period, pressure changes are monitored in real time. If the pressure fluctuation exceeds the safety threshold, the adjustment is paused and the protection mechanism is triggered.

[0057] Step S1052: Monitor the rate of change of the pressure change trend between the target high-permeability layer and the target low-permeability layer.

[0058] The automated control system for fracturing surface processes continuously collects pressure data from the target high-permeability layer and the target low-permeability layer, then calculates the real-time pressure difference ΔP(t) between the two layers and performs time series analysis on ΔP(t). Optionally, the system calculates the first derivative of ΔP(t) using a sliding window algorithm (e.g., using data from the most recent 30 minutes), obtaining the rate of change of pressure trend R = ΔP(t+Δt) - ΔP(t) / Δt. For example, if the difference at time t is 1.0 MPa and the difference at time t+10 minutes is 0.95 MPa, then R = (0.95-1.0) / (10 / 60) = -0.3 MPa / h. The system compares the calculated R with a preset rate of change threshold (e.g., ±0.2 MPa / h). If |R| < the threshold, the pressure trend is considered stable, and the low-permeability layer adjustment process can begin; if |R| ≥ the threshold, the current valve opening in the high-permeability layer is maintained, and monitoring continues until the conditions are met.

[0059] Step S1053: When the rate of change is detected to be less than a preset rate of change threshold, the current opening degree of the second valve in the target low-permeability layer is adjusted to the second conservative opening degree value within a second preset time period using a second adjustment coefficient, wherein the first adjustment coefficient is greater than the second adjustment coefficient.

[0060] After confirming that the rate of change |R| < the threshold, the automatic control system for the fracturing surface process calculates the difference H between the current low-permeability layer valve opening and the second conservative opening value: H = second conservative opening value - current opening (e.g., if the current opening is 50% and the second conservative opening value is 31.2%, then H = -18.8%). Then, based on the second adjustment coefficient C2 and the second preset time period T2 (e.g., 15 minutes), the system calculates the unit time adjustment H' = H / T2 = -18.8% / 15 ≈ -1.25% / minute. The system sends periodic adjustment commands to the second valve, with each adjustment increment being H' (e.g., decreasing by 1.25% per minute) until the opening reaches the second conservative opening value. During the adjustment process, the pressure difference and boundary layer pressure fluctuations are continuously monitored. If the difference rebounds beyond the upper limit of the preset equilibrium range or there is a sudden change in boundary layer pressure, the adjustment is paused and the system reverts to the most recent stable opening.

[0061] In another embodiment of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, prior to step S1051 above, the method of this embodiment may further include: Step S501: Obtain the first span value of the target high-permeability layer and the second span value of the target low-permeability layer.

[0062] The automated control system for fracturing surface processes can extract depth range data for target high-permeability layers and target low-permeability layers from the database of permeable layer segmentation results. For example, the automated control system for fracturing surface processes can extract the starting depth (e.g., 1200 meters) and ending depth (e.g., 1300 meters) of the target high-permeability layer from the permeable layer segmentation results, and calculate the first span value as 100 meters; the starting depth of the target low-permeability layer is 1300 meters, the ending depth is 1450 meters, and the second span value is 150 meters.

[0063] Step S502: Match the ratio of the first span value to the second span value with a preset range of multiple span ratio values ​​to obtain the target span ratio range.

[0064] The automated control system for fracturing surface processes first calculates the span ratio R' = first span value / second span value (if the second span value is 0, an anomaly handling is triggered; the default low-permeability layer thickness is not 0). Then, R' is compared sequentially with preset span ratio intervals. For example, preset intervals are [0, 0.5), [0.5, 1.0), [1.0, 2.0), and [2.0, +∞). If R' = 1.8, the interval [1.0, 2.0) is matched and determined as the target span ratio interval. The system also supports user-defined interval numbers and boundary values; interval division can be based on geological statistics or historical adjustment experience.

[0065] Step S503: Adjust the preset adjustment base according to the first and second base coefficients corresponding to the target span ratio range to obtain the first adjustment coefficient and the second adjustment coefficient.

[0066] The automated control system for fracturing the surface process retrieves the corresponding first benchmark coefficient K1 and second benchmark coefficient K2 from a preset benchmark coefficient table based on the identifier of the target span ratio interval (e.g., "interval 3"). Optionally, in a specific embodiment, the benchmark coefficient table is as shown in Table 1 below: Table 1

[0067] Assuming the target interval is [1.0, 2.0), then K1 = 1.2 and K2 = 0.8. The system then multiplies a preset adjustment base C (e.g., 0.5% / minute) by K1 and K2 respectively, obtaining the first adjustment coefficient C1 = C × K1 = 0.6% / minute and the second adjustment coefficient C2 = C × K2 = 0.4% / minute. The preset adjustment base C can be dynamically adjusted by the user according to equipment performance and reservoir stability requirements; this embodiment does not limit this adjustment.

[0068] As described above, the multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir development method provided in this embodiment adopts a step-by-step control strategy, first adjusting the high-permeability layer and then the low-permeability layer, and controls the adjustment intensity through different adjustment coefficients. The system monitors the rate of change of pressure trends to ensure that each adjustment step is within a controllable range. This gradual control scheme achieves precise regulation of reservoir pressure, making the pressure balancing process more stable and controllable, and reservoir development more stable and efficient.

[0069] In another embodiment of this application, such as Figure 6 As shown, after obtaining the monitoring data corresponding to different reservoir locations within the wellbore in step S101 above, the method in this embodiment further includes: Step S601: Mark the vertical depth distribution of different reservoir locations on the longitudinal distribution map, and display the permeability and porosity values ​​corresponding to each reservoir location.

[0070] The fracturing surface process automatic control system extracts depth, permeability, and porosity data for each reservoir location from the database, generates a longitudinal distribution map with depth as the Y-axis and parameter values ​​as the X-axis, labels the vertical depth coordinates of each reservoir location in depth order on the map, displays permeability and porosity in numerical labels at the corresponding locations, and marks outliers with red diamond icons.

[0071] Step S602: Generate parameter curves based on the reservoir locations marked on the longitudinal distribution map. The parameter curves display the pressure values ​​and pressure change rates at each reservoir location over time using different colors.

[0072] The fracturing surface process automatic control system uses the reservoir location in the longitudinal distribution map as a reference, extracts the pressure value and pressure change rate data at different time points for each location, and generates independent pressure value curves (solid lines) and pressure change rate curves (dashed lines) for each reservoir location. Different layers are distinguished by color coding. The horizontal axis is the time axis, and the vertical axis supports dual-axis display of parameter values.

[0073] Step S603: Determine the distribution locations of the high-permeability layer and the low-permeability layer based on the pressure value and pressure change rate shown by the parameter curve, and calculate the pressure difference between adjacent high-permeability layers and low-permeability layers.

[0074] The fracturing surface process automatic control system then locates the depth range of high-permeability and low-permeability layers based on the permeability markings in the longitudinal distribution map, calculates the average pressure value of all reservoir locations in each high-permeability layer and the average pressure value of adjacent low-permeability layers, obtains the pressure change difference, and uses the pressure change rate as an auxiliary judgment indicator.

[0075] Step S604: Issue an alarm when the pressure difference is detected to be greater than the preset equilibrium range.

[0076] Finally, the automatic control system of the fracturing surface process compares the real-time calculated pressure change difference with the preset equilibrium range. If the difference is greater than the upper limit of the equilibrium range, the imbalance layer is highlighted on the longitudinal distribution map and parameter curve interface, an alarm window pops up, a text message is sent to the operator's mobile phone, and an on-site audible and visual alarm is triggered. The alarm information includes the layer depth, the difference, and a link to the trend curve.

[0077] As described above, this embodiment clearly shows the vertical depth distribution of different reservoir locations, as well as the corresponding permeability and porosity values, through the longitudinal distribution map. The parameter curves display the pressure values ​​and pressure change rates at each reservoir location over time using different colors, thus dynamically reflecting reservoir pressure changes. Furthermore, by determining the distribution locations of high-permeability and low-permeability layers through the pressure values ​​and pressure change rates displayed on the parameter curves, and calculating the pressure difference between adjacent high-permeability and low-permeability layers, an alarm can be triggered when the pressure difference exceeds a preset equilibrium range. In summary, this real-time monitoring system improves the timeliness and accuracy of pressure control, ensures the continuous stability of reservoir pressure balance, and enhances the overall effectiveness of reservoir development.

[0078] like Figure 7 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of an automatic control system for fracturing surface processes provided in an embodiment of this application. The system includes: a monitoring data acquisition unit 710, a permeable layer segmentation unit 720, a permeable layer determination unit 730, an aperture value acquisition unit 740, and a valve adjustment unit 750, which are connected sequentially. Wherein: The monitoring data acquisition unit 710 is used to acquire monitoring data corresponding to different reservoir locations within the wellbore during the development of multi-layer heterogeneous reservoirs. The monitoring data includes pressure data, permeability data, and porosity data.

[0079] The permeability layer division unit 720 is used to divide the reservoir location into high-permeability layers and low-permeability layers based on the comparison results of the monitoring data and multiple preset threshold intervals.

[0080] The unit 730 for determining the permeable layer to be adjusted is used to determine the high permeable layer and the low permeable layer as target high permeable layer and target low permeable layer to be balanced when the pressure difference between the first average pressure value corresponding to the high permeable layer and the second average pressure value corresponding to the adjacent low permeable layer is greater than a preset equilibrium range.

[0081] The opening value acquisition unit 740 is used to acquire the first opening value of the first valve in the target high permeability layer and the second opening value of the second valve in the target low permeability layer according to the pressure change rate and the pressure change direction, respectively.

[0082] The valve adjustment unit 750 is used to adjust the corresponding valve according to the first opening value and the second opening value, so that the pressure difference is less than or equal to the preset balance range.

[0083] In one embodiment of this application, the aperture value acquisition unit 740 includes: The basic adjustment ratio acquisition module is used to obtain the first basic adjustment ratio of the target high-permeability layer and the second basic adjustment ratio of the target low-permeability layer from a preset valve adjustment rule table based on the pressure change rate and pressure change direction. The correction coefficient acquisition module is used to match the first correction coefficient of the target high-permeability layer and the second correction coefficient of the target low-permeability layer according to the preset pressure difference range to which the pressure difference belongs; The adjustment ratio acquisition module is used to multiply the first basic adjustment ratio by the first correction coefficient to obtain the first adjustment ratio of the target high-permeability layer, and to multiply the second basic adjustment ratio by the second correction coefficient to obtain the second adjustment ratio of the target low-permeability layer. The valve opening value calculation module is used to calculate the first valve opening value and the second valve opening value based on the current valve opening and the first adjustment ratio and the second adjustment ratio, respectively.

[0084] In one embodiment of this application, the above-described apparatus further includes: A boundary pressure change detection unit is used to detect the boundary layer pressure change value between the target high-permeability layer and the target low-permeability layer. The boundary layer pressure change value is the pressure fluctuation amplitude of the boundary layer within a preset time window. The conservative coefficient calculation unit is used to calculate a conservative coefficient based on the boundary layer pressure change value when the detected boundary layer pressure change value is greater than a preset critical threshold value. The conservative coefficient is positively correlated with the boundary layer pressure change value. The opening value correction unit is used to correct the first opening value and the second opening value according to the conservative coefficient, respectively, to obtain the corrected first conservative opening value and the second conservative opening value, wherein the first conservative opening value is less than the first opening value and the second conservative opening value is less than the second opening value.

[0085] In one embodiment of this application, the valve adjustment unit 750 specifically includes: The first adjustment module is used to adjust the current opening degree of the first valve in the target high-permeability layer to the first conservative opening degree value within a first preset time period using a first adjustment coefficient. The rate of change monitoring module is used to monitor the rate of change of the pressure change trend between the target high-permeability layer and the target low-permeability layer. The second adjustment module is used to adjust the current opening degree of the second valve in the target low-permeability layer to the second conservative opening degree value within a second preset time period by using a second adjustment coefficient after detecting that the rate of change is less than a preset rate of change threshold. The first adjustment coefficient is greater than the second adjustment coefficient.

[0086] In one embodiment of this application, the valve adjusting unit 750 further includes: The span value acquisition module is used to acquire the first span value of the target high-permeability layer and the second span value of the target low-permeability layer; The span ratio range acquisition module is used to match the ratio of the first span value to the second span value with a preset number of span ratio ranges to obtain the target span ratio range; The adjustment coefficient acquisition module is used to adjust the preset adjustment base according to the first base coefficient and the second base coefficient corresponding to the target span ratio range, respectively, to obtain the first adjustment coefficient and the second adjustment coefficient.

[0087] In one embodiment of this application, the above-described apparatus further includes: The reservoir location marking unit is used to mark the vertical depth distribution of different reservoir locations on the longitudinal distribution map and display the permeability and porosity values ​​corresponding to each reservoir location. The parameter curve generation unit is used to generate parameter curves based on the reservoir locations marked on the longitudinal distribution map. The parameter curves display the pressure values ​​and pressure change rates at each reservoir location over time in different colors. The pressure difference calculation unit is used to determine the distribution location of the high-permeability layer and the low-permeability layer based on the pressure value and pressure change rate displayed by the parameter curve, and to calculate the pressure difference between adjacent high-permeability layers and low-permeability layers. The alarm notification unit is used to issue an alarm notification when the pressure difference is detected to be greater than the preset equalization range.

[0088] For detailed descriptions of the above-mentioned units and modules, please refer to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0089] As described above, the automatic control system for fracturing surface processes proposed in this application can acquire real-time monitoring data such as pressure, permeability, and porosity at different reservoir locations within the wellbore, automatically classify high and low permeability layers, and identify target layers requiring adjustment. A dynamic response mechanism is established by using the rate and direction of pressure change as the basis for matching valve opening values. This multi-parameter-based precision control scheme enables the system to respond promptly to reservoir pressure changes and make corresponding adjustments, addressing the fluid competition problem caused by untimely adjustments in traditional methods, and achieving efficient and balanced development of reservoir resources.

[0090] Furthermore, the automatic control system for the fracturing surface process proposed in this application determines the basic adjustment ratio through a multi-level calculation system and introduces boundary layer pressure monitoring and conservative coefficient correction mechanisms, forming a complete control and protection system. It adopts a step-by-step adjustment strategy for high and low permeability layers, controlling the adjustment process by monitoring the rate of change of pressure trends. This control scheme ensures both the accuracy of adjustment and effectively prevents drastic pressure changes, making the reservoir pressure balancing process safer and more controllable, and improving the stability and reliability of reservoir development.

[0091] Finally, the automated control system for fracturing surface processes proposed in this application forms a complete optimized integration scheme through optimizing the granularity of control units, establishing a correlation mechanism between reservoir characteristics and regulation parameters, and real-time visual monitoring. In particular, the reasonable merging of permeable layers and the method of determining the regulation coefficient based on the span ratio make the regulation more consistent with the actual characteristics of the reservoir. This multi-dimensional optimization integration improves the system's adaptability and operability, ensures the continuous stability and efficiency of reservoir pressure regulation, and ultimately achieves an overall improvement in reservoir development results.

[0092] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 8 The illustrated electronic device is a general-purpose data processing apparatus, comprising a general-purpose computer hardware structure, including at least a processor 801 and a memory 802. The processor 801 and memory 802 are connected via a bus 803. The memory 802 is adapted to store one or more instructions or programs executable by the processor 801. These instructions or programs are executed by the processor 801 to implement the steps in the aforementioned multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir development method.

[0093] The processor 801 described above can be a standalone microprocessor or a collection of one or more microprocessors. Thus, the processor 801 executes commands stored in the memory 802, thereby performing the method flow described in the embodiments of this application to process data and control other devices. The bus 803 connects the aforementioned components together, and also connects these components to the display controller 804, the display device, and the input / output (I / O) device 805. The input / output (I / O) device 805 can be a mouse, keyboard, modem, network interface, touch input device, motion-sensing input device, printer, and other devices known in the art. Typically, the input / output (I / O) device 805 is connected to the system via an input / output (I / O) controller 806.

[0094] The memory 802 can store software components, such as an operating system, a communication module, an interaction module, and application programs. Each of the modules and application programs described above corresponds to a set of executable program instructions that perform one or more functions and the methods described in the embodiments of the invention.

[0095] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method for developing multilayer heterogeneous reservoirs.

[0096] The multi-layer heterogeneous reservoir development method and automatic control system for fracturing surface processes proposed in this application can acquire real-time monitoring data such as pressure, permeability, and porosity at different reservoir locations within the wellbore, automatically classify high and low permeability layers, and identify target layers requiring adjustment. A dynamic response mechanism is established by using the rate and direction of pressure change as the basis for matching valve opening values. This multi-parameter-based precision control scheme enables the system to respond promptly to reservoir pressure changes and make corresponding adjustments, addressing the fluid competition problem caused by untimely adjustments in traditional methods, and achieving efficient and balanced development of reservoir resources. Furthermore, this application determines the basic adjustment ratio through a multi-level calculation system and introduces boundary layer pressure monitoring and conservative coefficient correction mechanisms, forming a complete control and protection system. A step-by-step adjustment strategy for high and low permeability layers is adopted, controlling the adjustment process by monitoring the rate of change of pressure trends. This control scheme ensures both the accuracy of adjustment and effectively prevents drastic pressure changes, making the reservoir pressure balancing process safer and more controllable, and improving the stability and reliability of reservoir development. Finally, this application establishes a complete optimized integration scheme by optimizing the granularity of the control unit, establishing a correlation mechanism between reservoir characteristics and regulation parameters, and implementing real-time visualization monitoring. In particular, the rational merging of permeable layers and the method for determining the regulation coefficient based on the span ratio make the regulation more consistent with the actual characteristics of the reservoir. This multi-dimensional optimized integration improves the system's adaptability and operability, ensuring the continuous stability and efficiency of reservoir pressure regulation, and ultimately achieving an overall improvement in reservoir development performance.

[0097] Preferred embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many features and advantages of these embodiments are apparent from this detailed description, and therefore the claims are intended to cover all such features and advantages of these embodiments that fall within their true spirit and scope. Furthermore, since many modifications and alterations will readily occur to those skilled in the art, the embodiments of this application are not intended to be limited to the precise structures and operations illustrated and described, but rather to encompass all suitable modifications and equivalents falling within their scope.

[0098] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0099] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0100] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0101] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0102] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this application. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for developing multi-layered heterogeneous reservoirs, characterized in that, The method includes: During the development of multi-layer heterogeneous reservoirs, monitoring data corresponding to different reservoir locations within the wellbore are obtained. The monitoring data includes pressure data, permeability data, and porosity data. Based on the comparison results between the monitoring data and multiple preset threshold intervals, the reservoir location is divided into high-permeability layers and low-permeability layers; When the pressure difference between the first average pressure value corresponding to the high-permeability layer and the second average pressure value corresponding to the adjacent low-permeability layer is greater than the preset equilibrium range, the high-permeability layer and the low-permeability layer are determined as the target high-permeability layer and the target low-permeability layer to be balanced and adjusted. The first opening value of the first valve in the target high-permeability layer and the second opening value of the second valve in the target low-permeability layer are obtained based on the pressure change rate and the pressure change direction, respectively. Adjust the corresponding valve according to the first opening value and the second opening value so that the pressure difference is less than or equal to the preset balance range.

2. The method for developing multi-layer heterogeneous reservoirs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the first opening value of the first valve in the target high-permeability layer and the second opening value of the second valve in the target low-permeability layer based on the pressure change rate and the pressure change direction includes: The first basic adjustment ratio of the target high-permeability layer and the second basic adjustment ratio of the target low-permeability layer are obtained from the preset valve adjustment rule table based on the pressure change rate and pressure change direction. The first correction coefficient of the target high-permeability layer and the second correction coefficient of the target low-permeability layer are respectively matched according to the preset pressure difference range to which the pressure difference belongs; Multiply the first basic adjustment ratio by the first correction coefficient to obtain the first adjustment ratio of the target high-permeability layer, and multiply the second basic adjustment ratio by the second correction coefficient to obtain the second adjustment ratio of the target low-permeability layer; The first valve opening value and the second valve opening value are calculated based on the current valve opening degree and the first adjustment ratio and the second adjustment ratio, respectively.

3. The method for developing multi-layer heterogeneous reservoirs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After obtaining the first opening value of the first valve in the target high-permeability layer and the second opening value of the second valve in the target low-permeability layer, the method further includes: The boundary layer pressure change value between the target high-permeability layer and the target low-permeability layer is detected, and the boundary layer pressure change value is the pressure fluctuation amplitude of the boundary layer within a preset time window. When the boundary layer pressure change value is detected to be greater than a preset critical threshold, a conservative coefficient is calculated based on the boundary layer pressure change value, and the conservative coefficient is positively correlated with the boundary layer pressure change value. The first opening value and the second opening value are corrected according to the conservative coefficient to obtain the corrected first conservative opening value and the second conservative opening value. The first conservative opening value is less than the first opening value, and the second conservative opening value is less than the second opening value.

4. The method for developing multi-layer heterogeneous reservoirs as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the corresponding valve based on the first opening value and the second opening value to make the pressure difference less than or equal to the preset equilibrium range includes: The opening degree of the first valve in the target high-permeability layer is adjusted to the first conservative opening degree value within a first preset time period using a first adjustment coefficient. Monitor the rate of change of the pressure change trend between the target high-permeability layer and the target low-permeability layer; When the rate of change is detected to be less than a preset rate of change threshold, the current opening degree of the second valve in the target low-permeability layer is adjusted to the second conservative opening degree value within a second preset time period using a second adjustment coefficient, wherein the first adjustment coefficient is greater than the second adjustment coefficient.

5. The method for developing multi-layer heterogeneous reservoirs as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Before adjusting the current opening of the first valve within the target high-permeability layer to the first conservative opening value using a first adjustment coefficient within a first preset time period, the method further includes: Obtain the first span value of the target high-permeability layer and the second span value of the target low-permeability layer; The ratio of the first span value to the second span value is matched with a preset range of multiple span ratio values ​​to obtain the target span ratio range. The preset adjustment base is adjusted according to the first and second base coefficients corresponding to the target span ratio range to obtain the first adjustment coefficient and the second adjustment coefficient.

6. The method for developing multi-layer heterogeneous reservoirs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After acquiring the monitoring data corresponding to different reservoir locations within the wellbore, the method further includes: The vertical depth distribution of different reservoir locations is marked on the longitudinal distribution map, and the permeability and porosity values ​​corresponding to each reservoir location are displayed. Based on the reservoir locations marked on the longitudinal distribution map, parameter curves are generated. The parameter curves display the pressure values ​​and pressure change rates at each reservoir location over time using different colors. The distribution locations of high-permeability layers and low-permeability layers are determined based on the pressure values ​​and pressure change rates shown by the parameter curves, and the pressure difference between adjacent high-permeability layers and low-permeability layers is calculated. An alarm will be triggered when the pressure difference is detected to be greater than the preset equalization range.

7. An automatic control system for fracturing surface processes, characterized in that, include: The monitoring data acquisition unit is used to acquire monitoring data corresponding to different reservoir locations within the wellbore during the development of multi-layer heterogeneous reservoirs. The monitoring data includes pressure data, permeability data, and porosity data. The permeability layer division unit is used to divide the reservoir location into high-permeability layers and low-permeability layers based on the comparison results of the monitoring data and multiple preset threshold intervals. The unit for determining the permeable layer to be adjusted is used to determine the high permeable layer and the low permeable layer as target high permeable layer and target low permeable layer to be balanced and adjusted when the pressure difference between the first average pressure value corresponding to the high permeable layer and the second average pressure value corresponding to the adjacent low permeable layer is greater than a preset equilibrium range. The opening value acquisition unit is used to acquire the first opening value of the first valve in the target high permeability layer and the second opening value of the second valve in the target low permeability layer according to the pressure change rate and the pressure change direction, respectively. The valve adjustment unit is used to adjust the corresponding valve according to the first opening value and the second opening value, so that the pressure difference is less than or equal to the preset balance range.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program / instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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