Upward continuous vertical deep hole stage ore breaking subsequent filling mining method

Abstract

The invention discloses an upward continuous vertical deep hole stage ore breaking subsequent filling mining method which comprises the following steps: 1) arranging ore blocks along the trend of an ore body, and dividing the ore body into a plurality of continuous chambers, cemented chambers and non-cemented chambers in the horizontal direction at intervals; the vertical direction of the ore block is the stage height direction, and is divided into a plurality of stages along the stage height direction; (2) a rock drilling chamber and an undercutting trench roadway are designed and arranged in the chamber of each stage, and the upper portion of the rock drilling chamber is an asymmetric inverted-V-shaped top plate with a bottom plate of the undercutting trench roadway of the upper stage as the reference position; an upward medium-length hole is drilled in the undercut trench roadway at the bottom of the chamber, and a downward deep hole and an upward medium-length hole are drilled in the rock drilling chamber; according to the method, deep mining safety can be guaranteed, efficient roof contact under the complex roof condition is achieved, and the problems that traditional filling roof contact is low in rate, poor in stability and the like are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a mining method, in particular, an upward continuous vertical deep hole stage falling ore and subsequent filling mining method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The upward continuous vertical deep hole stage falling ore and subsequent filling mining method and the roof contact technology are a modern mining method combining deep hole blasting technology, open stope method and filling process, which can provide a relatively safe and stable mining environment in deep mining, support surrounding rock through filling body, control ground pressure activity and ensure the safety of deep mining. The mining steps of the upward continuous vertical deep hole stage falling ore and subsequent filling mining method have high systematicity and technical integration. Through stage division, the cemented filling ore room and the non-cemented filling ore room are arranged alternately. The cemented filling ore room is mined first, and then the non-cemented filling ore room is mined from bottom to top. The cemented filling ore room is mined one segment height higher than the non-cemented filling ore room in the segment height. The cemented filling body has a certain strength after solidification, which can effectively support the surrounding rock and reduce the occurrence of ground pressure disasters, providing a stable working platform for subsequent mining operations. The filling process of non-cemented filling is relatively simple, has high economic benefits and can effectively improve production efficiency. The collaborative application of cemented filling and non-cemented filling can not only ensure the overall stability, effectively control the deformation of surrounding rock and ground pressure in the goaf, and reduce ground subsidence, but also control costs, and meet the needs of green and safe mining and economic benefits.

[0003] In the traditional filling roof contact method, the filling slurry will settle during the solidification process. Even if the goaf is completely filled, it is still impossible to achieve full roof contact, resulting in a large exposed area of the stope roof, which is easy to cause rock fall and endanger mining safety. Technical personnel use forced roof contact method to ensure construction efficiency, but the roof contact quality is difficult to guarantee. The use of expansion roof contact method improves the roof control effect of the stope, but the cost is higher. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an upward continuous vertical deep hole stage falling ore and subsequent filling mining method with good roof contact quality, easy construction and low cost.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present application includes the following steps: including the following steps: 1) setting the ore block along the ore body trend, dividing the ore body into a plurality of continuous ore rooms along the horizontal direction, and arranging the cemented ore room and the non-cemented ore room alternately; the vertical direction of the ore block is the stage height direction, and the stage height direction is divided into a plurality of stages; 2) Design and arrange the rock drilling chamber and the draw ditch tunnel in each stage of the ore room, the upper part of the rock drilling chamber is an asymmetric inverted V-shaped roof with the floor of the draw ditch tunnel in the upper stage as the reference position; drill upward medium-length holes in the draw ditch tunnel at the bottom of the ore room, and drill downward deep holes and upward medium-length holes in the rock drilling chamber; 3) First, segmentally mine the cemented filling ore room, and then mine the non-cemented filling ore room from bottom to top, and the cemented filling ore room is preferentially mined by one segment height higher than the non-cemented filling ore room; the ore room is mined by blasting, and the ore room after blasting is connected with the floor of the draw ditch tunnel in the upper stage, and the blasted ore is mined from the ore drawing tunnel; 4) After the ore room is mined, the empty area is filled from the draw ditch tunnel in the upper stage; 5) The uppermost filling access is arranged at the uppermost part of the ore body, and the uppermost filling borehole is drilled to the uppermost stage of the adjacent ore room of the ore body; 6) After mining to the uppermost segment, the uppermost roof is formed by designing the blast hole.

[0006] Further, in step 3), the one-step mined cemented filling ore room is mined by indirect blasting, and the non-cemented filling ore room is first mined on one side of the cemented filling ore room.

[0007] Further, in step 3), during the blasting process, the upward medium-length holes of the draw ditch tunnel are first blasted, then the downward deep holes of the rock drilling chamber are blasted, and finally the upward medium-length holes of the rock drilling chamber are blasted.

[0008] Further, in step 2), the slopes on both sides of the asymmetric inverted V-shaped roof are 16-17° and 30-31°, respectively.

[0009] Further, in step 6), the uppermost roof is a special-shaped roof; the special-shaped roof is a stepped roof, one side boundary of the upper platform is located below the position of the lower outlet of the uppermost filling borehole, and the lower platform presents a downward slope to the other side.

[0010] Further, the position of the lower outlet of the uppermost filling borehole is located on the intersection line of the boundary of the upper platform of the special-shaped roof upward 2-3 m and the boundary of the adjacent two-step ore body.

[0011] Further, the lower platform of the special-shaped roof presents a slope of 3-4°.

[0012] Further, the special-shaped roof forms a step above the rock drilling chamber at a position 3-5 m away from the boundary of the adjacent two-step ore body on one side.

[0013] Further, the step height is 1.5-2 m.

[0014] Further, the uppermost filling boreholes of the adjacent ore rooms in the uppermost stage are separated by 20-30 m.

[0015] The beneficial effects produced by the above technical solution are that the method takes the upper continuous vertical deep hole stage ore drawing and subsequent filling method and cutting engineering as the breakthrough point, fully utilizes the original cutting engineering design filling drilling, forms the roof through segmented rock drilling blast hole design, guarantees deep mining safety, realizes efficient roof connection under complex roof conditions, and economically and effectively solves the problems of low traditional filling roof connection rate and poor stability.

[0016] The present application forms a special-shaped roof by sectional design in the uppermost part, the roof connection technology is simple, the roof connection quality is guaranteed, the roof deformation and ground subsidence can be effectively controlled, and the method is easy to construct and low in cost. By using the method, the lower stage roof connection rate can reach 100%, the uppermost stage roof connection rate can reach 90-95%, the roof connection quality is guaranteed, the technology is simple, easy to construct and low in cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 is a sectional view of the upper continuous vertical deep hole stage along the ore body trend of the present application; Figure 2 is a sectional view of the upper continuous vertical deep hole stage perpendicular to the ore body trend of the present application; Figure 3 is a diagram of the ore room excavation and filling steps of the upper continuous vertical deep hole stage of the present application; Figure 4 is a diagram of the excavation and filling steps S1 of the upper continuous vertical deep hole stage of the present application; Figure 5 is a diagram of the excavation and filling steps S2-S5 of the upper continuous vertical deep hole stage of the present application; Figure 6 is a diagram of the excavation and filling steps S6-S12 of the upper continuous vertical deep hole stage of the present application; Figure 7 is a schematic view of the shape of the special-shaped roof of the present application.

[0019] In the diagram: 1-Ladi trench roadway; 2-Mining roadway; 3-Upward medium-deep hole; 4-Drilling chamber; 5-Downward deep hole; 6-Drilling chamber inter-pillar; 7-Uppermost top pillar; 8-Uppermost filling access road; 9-Uppermost filling borehole; 10-Irregular roof; 101-Upper platform; 102-Connecting surface; 103-Lower platform; L1-Width of cemented filling stope; L2-Width of non-cemented filling stope; H-Stage height; L-Width of ore body; Ⅰ-Perforation zone; Ⅱ-Ore heap zone; Ⅲ-Stop area; Ⅳ-Stop filling zone; B-Cemented filling body; NB-Non-cemented filling body; HB-High-strength cemented filling body; S1 to S12 represent the mining sequence; h is the distance between the top plate of the drilling chamber and the bottom plate of the upper stage. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Figures 1-6 As shown, the upward continuous vertical deep-hole stage ore-cutting and subsequent backfilling mining method includes the following steps: 1) The ore blocks are set along the strike of the ore body, dividing the ore body horizontally into several continuous ore rooms, namely cemented ore rooms and non-cemented ore rooms, which are arranged alternately, such as... Figure 1 As shown; the vertical direction of the ore block is the stage height direction, and it is divided into several stages along the stage height direction; 2) Drilling chambers 4 and inter-chamber columns 6 are designed and arranged above the stope in each stage, and bottom trench tunnels 1 are arranged at the bottom of the stope; the upper part of the drilling chamber 4 is an asymmetrical inverted V-shaped roof plate with the bottom plate of the bottom trench tunnel 1 of the upper stage as the reference position. That is, it is a structure that spreads diagonally downward from both sides of the bottom plate of the bottom trench tunnel 1 of the upper stage to both sides of the stope and to the stope boundary, forming a “︹” shaped roof plate at the top of the stope; the angles of the asymmetrical inverted V-shaped roof plate spreading to both sides are 16°~17° and 30°~31° respectively; among them, the 16°~17° side spreads towards the stope in the forward direction, and the 30°~31° side spreads towards the stope in the backward direction. The 16°~17° side is farther from the stope boundary, and the 30°~31° side is shorter from the stope boundary. In the bottom of the stope, an upward medium-deep hole is drilled in the bottom trench 1, and a downward deep hole 5 and an upward medium-deep hole 3 are drilled in the rock drilling chamber 4. The vertical distance between the bottom of the upward medium-deep hole drilled in the bottom trench 1 and the downward deep hole 5 drilled in the rock drilling chamber 4 is 0.8 to 1 m. After drilling, a perforation zone I is formed.

[0021] 3) Mining should proceed from bottom to top, first in sections with cemented backfill, then in sections with uncemented backfill. At each section height, cemented backfill should be mined one section height ahead of uncemented backfill. For cemented backfill mining in a single step, indirect mining blasting is used, i.e., mining one section at a time. For uncemented backfill, one side of the cemented backfill is mined first, then the other side, i.e., mining three sections at a time. Figure 3As shown, mining in the order of S1, S2...S12. The ore room is mined by blasting, first blasting the upper medium-length hole of the bottom trench tunnel 1, then blasting the lower deep hole 5 of the rock chamber 4, and finally blasting the upper medium-length hole 3 of the rock chamber 4 to form the ore pile area II; after the ore room ore body collapses, it is connected with the bottom plate of the bottom trench tunnel 1 of the upper stage, and the ore pile II is mined from the ore roadway 2, and the ore room empty area III is formed after mining.

[0022] 4) After the cemented ore room ore body is mined out, the bottom trench tunnel of the upper stage is used to fill the ore room empty area III to form the ore room filling area IV; the ore room empty area is filled with high-strength cemented filling and cemented filling, that is, high-strength cemented filling body HB and cemented filling body B are formed in the ore room filling area IV; the filling process of the non-cemented ore room is the same as that of the cemented ore room, and the high-strength cemented filling and non-cemented filling of the ore room empty area of the non-cemented filling ore room are carried out from the bottom trench tunnel of the upper stage, that is, high-strength cemented filling body HB and non-cemented filling body NB are formed in the ore room filling area IV; when the cemented ore room and the non-cemented ore room are filled, the bottom 10-15m is filled with high-strength cemented filling, and the top 5-10m is filled with high-strength cemented filling, as shown in Figure 5 .

[0023] 5) The uppermost filling access 8 is arranged at the uppermost part of the ore body, and the uppermost filling drill hole 9 is drilled from the uppermost filling access 8 to the uppermost section of the adjacent ore room in the previous direction, and the diameter of the uppermost filling drill hole 9 is 150-300mm; the uppermost filling drill holes 9 of the adjacent ore rooms in the uppermost section are spaced 20-30m apart.

[0024] 6) After mining to the uppermost section, the uppermost roof is formed by designing a blast hole at the top of the uppermost top column 7 in the uppermost section of the ore room, and the uppermost roof is a special-shaped roof 10. Figure 7 As shown, the special-shaped roof 10 is stepped, composed of an upper platform 101, a lower platform 103, and a connecting surface 102 therebetween; one side boundary of the upper platform 101 is located below the discharge port position of the uppermost filling drill hole 9, and the discharge port position of the uppermost filling drill hole 9 is located on the intersection line of the boundary of the upper platform 101 upward 2-3m and the boundary of the adjacent two-step ore body; the lower platform is inclined downward at an angle of 3-4° to the other side and diffuses to the boundary of the ore room; the width of the upper platform 101 is 3-5m, and the vertical height of the connecting surface 102, i.e. the step height, is 1.5-2m. The lower platform 103 is located in the direction of the previous direction ore room, and the upper platform 101 is located in the direction of the next direction ore room.

[0025] Embodiment: The upper continuous vertical deep hole stage mining method is as follows.

[0026] Figures 1-6As shown, the ore blocks are arranged along the ore body, the ore body width L is 160 m, the ore body is divided into several continuous ore rooms, the cemented ore rooms and the non-cemented ore rooms are arranged alternately, the width L1 of the cemented filling ore room is 20-25 m, the width L2 of the non-cemented filling ore room is 20-25 m, the stage height H is 60-80 m, the drilling chamber 4 and the drilling chamber roof pillar 6 are arranged at a position 10-15 m away from the roof of the ore room, and the distance h between the roof of the drilling chamber and the bottom plate of the upper stage is 10-15 m.

[0027] The indirect mining method is adopted to blast and mine the cemented filling ore room, the upward medium-length hole 3 is drilled upward from the undercut trench roadway 1 at the bottom of the ore room, the upward medium-length hole 3 of the drilling chamber 4 is drilled upward and the deep hole 5 is drilled downward, the bottom of the upward medium-length hole 3 of the drilling chamber 4 is taken as the reference position of the bottom plate of the undercut trench roadway 1 at the top of the stage, and the asymmetric V-shaped roof with slopes of 16-17° and 30-31° to the two sides of the ore room is formed. The upward medium-length hole of the undercut trench roadway 1 is blasted first, then the downward deep hole of the drilling chamber 4 is blasted, and finally the upward medium-length hole of the drilling chamber 4 is blasted, and the ore body is mined out from the ore outlet roadway 2 after the ore room collapses. The undercut trench roadway 1 at the top of the stage is used for the cemented filling of the empty area, and the bottom 10-15 m and the top 5-10 m of each ore room unit are filled with high-strength cemented filling. The same process is used to mine and fill the non-cemented filling ore room by selecting the every-third-mining method, the cemented filling ore room is mined first from bottom to top, and then the non-cemented filling ore room is mined, and the cemented filling ore room is mined one stage higher than the non-cemented filling ore room.

[0028] Figure 7 As shown, after mining to the uppermost stage, the special-shaped roof 10 is used to connect the roof, the special-shaped roof 10 is arranged according to the position of the discharge port of the uppermost filling drill hole 9, the special-shaped roof 10 is in the shape of a step, the upper surface 101 is located in the direction of the next strike, the width of the upper surface 101 is 4 m, the discharge port of the uppermost filling drill hole 9 is located 2.5 m above the boundary of the upper surface 101 and the intersection line of the adjacent ore room boundary; the lower surface 103 is located in the direction of the previous strike, and is inclined downward at an angle of 3.5° along the step to the direction of the previous strike until the intersection of the ore room and the previous ore room.

[0029] According to the embodiment, the roof connection rate of the lower stage is 100%, and the roof connection rate of the uppermost stage reaches 93%.

Claims

1. An upwardly directed continuous vertical deep hole bench and fill mining method characterized by, The steps include: 1) The ore blocks are set along the strike of the ore body, and the ore body is divided into several continuous ore rooms in the horizontal direction, with cemented ore rooms and non-cemented ore rooms arranged alternately; the vertical direction of the ore blocks is the stage height direction, and the ore blocks are divided into several stages along the stage height direction. 2) In each stage of the stope, a rock drilling chamber (4) and a bottom-cutting trench (1) are designed and arranged. The upper part of the rock drilling chamber (4) is an asymmetrical inverted V-shaped roof plate with the bottom plate of the bottom-cutting trench (1) of the upper stage as the reference position. In the bottom-cutting trench (1) at the bottom of the stope, an upward medium-deep hole (3) is drilled, and the rock drilling chamber (4) drills a downward deep hole (5) and an upward medium-deep hole (3). 3) The cemented backfilled ore chambers are mined in sections from bottom to top, followed by the non-cemented backfilled ore chambers. At the section height, the cemented backfilled ore chambers are mined one section height higher than the non-cemented backfilled ore chambers. The ore chambers are mined by blasting. After the ore body of the ore chamber is blasted, it is connected to the bottom plate of the upper stage bottom trench roadway (1). The blasted ore is discharged from the ore extraction roadway (2). 4) After the ore body is mined out, the void is filled from the upper stage bottom trench roadway (1); 5) Arrange the uppermost filling access (8) at the uppermost part of the ore body, and construct the uppermost filling borehole (9) from the uppermost stage filling access (8) of the adjacent stope of the ore body to the stope. 6) After mining to the uppermost section, the uppermost top plate is formed by designing blast holes.

2. A topical longhole shrinkage and subsequent fill mining method in a vertical deep hole in succession according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3), the cemented filling stope is mined in one step using indirect mining blasting, while the non-cemented filling stope is mined first on the side of the cemented filling stope.

3. A topical longhole shrinkage and subsequent fill mining method in a vertical deep hole in succession according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3), during the blasting process, the upper-to-medium-deep hole of the bottom trench tunnel (1) is blasted first, then the lower-to-deep hole (5) of the rock drilling chamber (4) is blasted, and finally the upper-to-medium-deep hole (3) of the rock drilling chamber (4) is blasted.

4. A topical longhole shrinkage and subsequent fill mining method in a vertical deep hole in succession according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), the slopes on both sides of the asymmetrical inverted V-shaped top plate are 16-17° and 30-31°, respectively.

5. A method for mining ore extraction followed by backfilling in a continuous vertical deep-hole stage according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: In step 6), the uppermost top plate is an irregular top plate (10); the irregular top plate (10) is stepped, with one side boundary of the upper platform (101) located below the material outlet of the uppermost filling borehole (9), and the lower platform (103) slopes downward to the other side.

6. A method for mining followed by backfilling in an upward continuous vertical deep-hole stage of ore extraction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The discharge port of the uppermost filling borehole (9) is located on the line where the boundary of the upper platform of the irregular top plate (10) is 2-3m above the boundary of the adjacent two-step mining body.

7. A method for mining followed by backfilling in an upward continuous vertical deep-hole stage of ore extraction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower surface of the irregular top plate (10) has a slope of 3 to 4 degrees.

8. A method for mining followed by backfilling in an upward continuous vertical deep-hole stage of ore extraction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The irregular roof plate (10) forms a step 3 to 5 meters above the rock drilling chamber (4) on one side of the boundary of the adjacent two-step mining body.

9. A method for mining followed by backfilling in an upward continuous vertical deep-hole stage of ore extraction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The height of the steps is 1.5 to 2 meters.

10. A method for mining followed by backfilling in an upward continuous vertical deep-hole stage of ore extraction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The uppermost filling boreholes (9) of the adjacent ore chambers in the uppermost stage are 20-30m apart.

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