Simple measuring device and measuring method for relative displacement of building structure
This simple measuring device, consisting of a plastic laminate and a laser rangefinder, solves the problems of high cost and complex operation in existing technologies, enabling convenient and low-cost measurement of relative displacement of building structures, and is suitable for efficient monitoring in complex environments.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANGHAI ERSHIYE CONSTR CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies for measuring relative displacement of building structures are costly, complex to operate, and involve bulky and inconvenient equipment. They are difficult to deploy flexibly in complex environments and have stringent requirements for the operating environment, failing to meet the need for convenient and low-cost monitoring.
A simple measuring device consisting of a plastic laminate and a laser rangefinder is used. It is installed on the surface of a building structure by adhesive bonding. The relative displacement is measured using the laser rangefinder and grid paper. The device includes a receiving device and a laser emitting device. It is easy to operate and suitable for narrow spaces and high-altitude environments.
It achieves low-cost, portable, and easy-to-operate relative displacement measurement, meets the accuracy requirements of engineering monitoring, reduces manpower and equipment costs, and is suitable for various structural surfaces, especially for narrow spaces and high-altitude environments.
Smart Images
Figure CN121829328A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction and structural safety monitoring technology, and in particular relates to a simple measuring device and method for measuring the relative displacement of building structures. Background Technology
[0002] In the fields of building construction and operation and maintenance, long-term or short-term monitoring of the relative displacement of building structures (such as adjacent walls, beams, columns, and floor slabs) is a crucial step in assessing structural safety and diagnosing potential defects. Currently, commonly used technologies for measuring the relative displacement of building structures mainly include distributed tilt sensing technology, RGB3DS intelligent displacement monitoring technology, fiber optic grating sensing technology, and total station and laser collimation technology.
[0003] However, these existing technologies generally suffer from some common drawbacks: First, their core measuring equipment (such as high-precision sensors and optical scanning systems) is typically expensive, and the associated system setup and debugging processes are complex, resulting in high overall implementation costs. Second, these technologies have stringent requirements for temperature, humidity, light, and vibration conditions, limiting their applicability in harsh or complex construction site environments. Third, operating these devices often requires specialized personnel, and the devices themselves are bulky, heavy, and poorly portable, making them difficult to deploy quickly in confined spaces or at high altitudes. For example, total stations and laser collimation technologies not only have fixed monitoring frequencies, making it difficult to flexibly respond to real-time monitoring needs, but the large optical targets they require also occupy valuable on-site work space and interfere with normal construction processes.
[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for a low-cost, easy-to-operate, portable, flexible, and accurate solution for measuring the relative displacement of building structures that meets engineering requirements. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a simple measuring device and method for measuring the relative displacement of building structures, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
[0007] A simple device for measuring the relative displacement of a building structure includes a receiving device and a laser emitting device.
[0008] The receiving device includes a first plastic bonding plate, a plastic vertical reading plate perpendicularly connected to the first plastic bonding plate, and a graduated grid paper attached and fixed to the inner surface of the plastic vertical reading plate.
[0009] The laser emitting device includes a second plastic bonding plate, a plastic vertical plate perpendicularly connected to the second plastic bonding plate, and a wirelessly switchable laser rangefinder fixedly installed on the inner surface of the plastic vertical plate.
[0010] The first plastic bonding plate and the second plastic bonding plate are respectively fixed to the two building structure surfaces to be monitored by adhesive bonding, and the plastic vertical reading plate and the plastic vertical plate are set parallel to each other; the laser beam emitted by the laser rangefinder is vertically projected onto the graduated grid paper.
[0011] Preferably, the first and second plastic bonding boards are made of high-strength ABS plastic, and their back sides are bonded to the surface of the building structure with nano-mark-free double-sided adhesive.
[0012] Preferably, the plastic vertical reading plate and the plastic vertical plate are made of transparent polycarbonate plastic.
[0013] Preferably, the graduated grid paper is made of waterproof and wear-resistant polyester film material, and its grid precision is 1mm×1mm.
[0014] Preferably, the laser rangefinder has a measurement accuracy of ±1mm, a measurement range of 0.1-50m, and supports on / off control and data reading via a wireless remote control.
[0015] The measurement method based on the above-mentioned device includes the following steps:
[0016] S1: Device Installation and Calibration
[0017] Determine two monitoring points on the surface of the building structure to be monitored, and ensure that there are no obstructions between the two points and that they are within the effective measurement range of the laser rangefinder;
[0018] The first plastic adhesive plate of the receiving device and the second plastic adhesive plate of the laser emitting device were respectively attached and fixed to the two monitoring points using nano-mark-free double-sided adhesive.
[0019] Adjust the laser emitting device so that the laser beam emitted by the laser rangefinder is projected vertically onto the graduated grid paper of the receiving device, and keep the plastic vertical plate parallel to the plastic vertical reading plate;
[0020] S2: Initial Data Reading
[0021] Turn on the laser rangefinder and read and record the initial distance between the two devices as the initial reading of the relative distance;
[0022] The initial position coordinates of the laser point are read and recorded on the graduated grid paper;
[0023] Turn off the laser rangefinder;
[0024] S3: Final Data Reading
[0025] After a preset resting time, the laser rangefinder is turned on again, and the final distance between the two devices is read and recorded as the final relative distance reading.
[0026] The final position coordinates of the laser point are read and recorded on the graduated grid paper;
[0027] Turn off the laser rangefinder;
[0028] S4: Displacement Calculation
[0029] Calculate the relative displacement along the laser direction: the final relative distance reading minus the initial relative distance reading;
[0030] Calculate the relative displacement within the plane of the plastic vertical reading plate: Based on the difference between the final position coordinates and the initial position coordinates of the laser point, the relative displacements in the horizontal and vertical directions are obtained respectively.
[0031] This invention provides a simple device and method for measuring the relative displacement of building structures, which has the following beneficial effects.
[0032] This invention is simple to operate and has a low barrier to entry: no professional personnel are required; a single person can complete the entire measurement process through simple adhesive installation and wireless remote control, significantly reducing the barrier to entry and labor costs. It is also inexpensive to manufacture: the core components of the device are common plastic parts and commercial laser ranging modules, resulting in an overall manufacturing cost far lower than traditional professional monitoring equipment. Furthermore, it is highly portable and adaptable: the device is small and lightweight, and can be installed simply by using double-sided adhesive, making it particularly suitable for special scenarios where traditional equipment is difficult to deploy, such as confined spaces and high altitudes. It also exhibits good adaptability to various structural surfaces. Finally, it provides reliable measurement accuracy: using a laser rangefinder with an accuracy of ±1mm and 1mm precision grid paper, it can measure spatial three-dimensional displacement, providing comprehensive data that meets the accuracy requirements of general engineering monitoring. Attached Figure Description
[0033] Figure 1 This is a top view of the simplified measurement device for relative displacement of building structures according to the present invention.
[0034] Figure 2 This is a front view of the simplified measurement device for relative displacement of building structures according to the present invention.
[0035] In the figure: 1. Receiving device; 1.1. First plastic bonding plate; 1.2. Plastic vertical reading plate; 1.3. Grid paper with scale; 2. Laser emitting device; 2.1. Second plastic bonding plate; 2.2. Plastic vertical plate; 2.3. Laser rangefinder. Detailed Implementation
[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.
[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.
[0038] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they may refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the simple measuring device for relative displacement of building structures provided by the present invention consists of two parts: a receiving device 1 and a laser emitting device 2.
[0040] The receiving device 1, acting as the receiver of displacement information, primarily functions to provide a scale target for reading planar displacement. It consists of a first plastic bonding plate 1.1, a plastic vertical reading plate 1.2, and a graduated grid paper 1.3. The first plastic bonding plate 1.1, serving as the connection carrier with the building structure, is made of high-strength ABS plastic sheet approximately 3-5mm thick, with a frosted surface to increase adhesion. It is firmly bonded to the structural surface using nano-residue-free double-sided adhesive. The plastic vertical reading plate 1.2 is perpendicularly connected to the first plastic bonding plate 1.1 (verticality error ≤ 0.5°), using a transparent polycarbonate sheet approximately 20cm × 15cm in size, providing good impact resistance. The graduated grid paper 1.3 is bonded to the inside of the plastic vertical reading plate 1.2, made of waterproof and wear-resistant polyester film, with a grid precision of 1mm × 1mm and a scale range of 0-200mm. The scale lines are printed with high-contrast ink to ensure clear reading even in low-light conditions.
[0041] The laser emitting device 2, serving as the transmitter of displacement information, has the core function of emitting laser light and measuring straight-line distance. It consists of a second plastic bonding plate 2.1, a plastic vertical plate 2.2, and a laser rangefinder 2.3. The second plastic bonding plate 2.1 is identical to the first plastic bonding plate 1.1 in structure, material, and function, and is used to fix the transmitter to another structural surface. The plastic vertical plate 2.2 is perpendicularly connected to the second plastic bonding plate 2.1, uses the same polycarbonate material as the plastic vertical reading plate 1.2, and has a size of approximately 15cm × 10cm, supporting the laser rangefinder 2.3. The laser rangefinder 2.3 is fixedly mounted at the center of the plastic vertical plate 2.2, employs a high-precision module, has a measurement accuracy of ±1mm, and a measurement range of 0.1-50m. It supports switching and data reading via a wireless remote control with an effective distance ≤10m, a laser wavelength of 635nm, and a power ≤5mW, ensuring safe visibility.
[0042] The steps for using this device to perform measurements are as follows:
[0043] First, select points on the two building structure surfaces (such as adjacent walls) where relative displacement needs to be monitored, ensuring there are no obstructions between the two points and the distance is within the effective range of the laser rangefinder. Then, use nano-residue-free double-sided tape (width ≥ 10mm, thickness ≥ 2mm, adhesive area ≥ 80% of the board area) to firmly attach the first plastic adhesive plate 1.1 of the receiving device 1 and the second plastic adhesive plate 2.1 of the laser emitting device 2 to the corresponding points. Press down for 30-60 seconds during adhesion to ensure bonding. After installation, adjust the orientation of the laser emitting device 2 to ensure that the laser beam emitted by the laser rangefinder 2.3 is projected perpendicularly onto the center area of the grid paper 1.3 of the receiving device 1, and keep the plastic vertical plate 2.2 parallel to the plastic vertical reading plate 1.2 as much as possible (parallelism error ≤ 1°). This can be adjusted visually or with the aid of a laser calibrator.
[0044] After installation and calibration, perform initial measurements: turn on the laser rangefinder 2.3 via wireless remote control, record the initial distance L0 displayed between it and the receiver 1, and simultaneously observe and record the initial coordinates (X0, Y0) of the laser point on the inner surface of the grid paper 1.3. After recording, turn off the laser rangefinder 2.3.
[0045] Let the device remain stationary on the structure for a period of time (set according to monitoring requirements). After the structure may shift, perform the final measurement: turn on the laser rangefinder 2.3 again and record the final distance L1 and the final coordinates (X1, Y1) of the laser point.
[0046] Finally, displacement calculations are performed: the relative displacement along the laser direction (i.e., the direction of the line connecting the two devices) is ΔL = L1 - L0; in the plane perpendicular to the laser direction (i.e., the plane of the grid paper), the relative displacement laterally (X-axis) is ΔX = X1 - X0, and the relative displacement longitudinally (Y-axis) is ΔY = Y1 - Y0. Thus, the three-dimensional relative displacement information of the two monitored points in space can be obtained.
[0047] This invention is simple to operate and has a low barrier to entry: no professional personnel are required; a single person can complete the entire measurement process through simple adhesive installation and wireless remote control, significantly reducing the barrier to entry and labor costs. It is also inexpensive to manufacture: the core components of the device are common plastic parts and commercial laser ranging modules, resulting in an overall manufacturing cost far lower than traditional professional monitoring equipment. Furthermore, it is highly portable and adaptable: the device is small and lightweight, and can be installed simply by using double-sided adhesive, making it particularly suitable for special scenarios where traditional equipment is difficult to deploy, such as confined spaces and high altitudes. It also exhibits good adaptability to various structural surfaces. Finally, it provides reliable measurement accuracy: using a laser rangefinder with an accuracy of ±1mm and 1mm precision grid paper, it can measure spatial three-dimensional displacement, providing comprehensive data that meets the accuracy requirements of general engineering monitoring.
[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A simple device for measuring the relative displacement of a building structure, characterized in that, It includes a receiving device (1) and a laser emitting device (2); The receiving device (1) consists of a first plastic bonding plate (1.1), a plastic vertical reading plate (1.2) perpendicularly connected to the first plastic bonding plate (1.1), and a graduated grid paper (1.3) attached and fixed to the inner surface of the plastic vertical reading plate (1.2); The laser emitting device (2) consists of a second plastic bonding plate (2.1), a plastic vertical plate (2.2) perpendicularly connected to the second plastic bonding plate (2.1), and a wirelessly switchable laser rangefinder (2.3) fixedly installed on the inner surface of the plastic vertical plate (2.2); The first plastic bonding plate (1.1) and the second plastic bonding plate (2.1) are respectively fixed to the two building structure surfaces to be monitored by adhesive bonding, and the plastic vertical reading plate (1.2) and the plastic vertical plate (2.2) are set parallel to each other or substantially parallel; the laser beam emitted by the laser rangefinder (2.3) is vertically projected onto the graduated grid paper (1.3).
2. The simplified measuring device for relative displacement of building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first plastic bonding board (1.1) and the second plastic bonding board (2.1) are made of high-strength ABS plastic, and their back sides are bonded to the surface of the building structure with nano-mark-free double-sided adhesive.
3. The simplified measuring device for relative displacement of building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plastic vertical reading plate (1.2) and the plastic vertical plate (2.2) are made of transparent polycarbonate plastic.
4. The simplified measuring device for relative displacement of building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The graduated grid paper (1.3) is made of waterproof and wear-resistant polyester film material, with a grid precision of 1mm×1mm and a scale range of 0-200mm.
5. The simplified measuring device for relative displacement of building structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser rangefinder (2.3) has a measurement accuracy of ±1mm and a measurement range of 0.1-50m. It supports on / off control and data reading via a wireless remote control.
6. A method for measuring the relative displacement of a building structure based on the device described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Device Installation and Calibration Determine two monitoring points on the surface of the building structure to be monitored, and ensure that there are no obstructions between the two points and that they are within the effective measurement range of the laser rangefinder (2.3); The first plastic bonding plate (1.1) of the receiving device (1) and the second plastic bonding plate (2.1) of the laser emitting device (2) were respectively attached and fixed to the two monitoring points using nano-mark-free double-sided adhesive. Adjust the laser emitting device (2) so that the laser beam emitted by the laser rangefinder (2.3) is projected vertically onto the graduated grid paper (1.3) of the receiving device (1), and keep the plastic vertical plate (2.2) parallel to the plastic vertical reading plate (1.2); S2: Initial Data Reading Turn on the laser rangefinder (2.3), read and record the initial distance between the two devices as the initial relative distance reading; The initial position coordinates of the laser point are read and recorded on the graduated grid paper (1.3); Turn off the laser rangefinder (2.3); S3: Final Data Reading After a preset settling time, the laser rangefinder (2.3) is turned on again, and the final distance between the two devices is read and recorded as the final relative distance reading. The final position coordinates of the laser point are read and recorded on the graduated grid paper (1.3); Turn off the laser rangefinder (2.3); S4: Displacement Calculation Calculate the relative displacement along the laser direction: the final relative distance reading minus the initial relative distance reading; Calculate the relative displacement in the plane of the plastic vertical reading plate (1.2): Based on the difference between the final position coordinates of the laser point and the initial position coordinates, the relative displacements in the horizontal and vertical directions are obtained respectively.