Joint torque coupling loading and multi-point supporting test device and test method

Abstract

The invention provides a joint torque coupling loading and multi-point supporting test device and method, and the device comprises a joint supporting structure which is used for fixing a joint; the loading offset device is arranged on the joint and is used for offsetting a load loading point; the load loading device is mounted on the loading offset device and is used for applying a force load; wherein the load loading point is axially deviated by a preset distance through the loading deviation device, so that the applied force load simultaneously generates the force load and the moment at the joint action point, and moment coupling loading is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerospace strength design technology, specifically to a test device and test method for joint torque coupling loading and multi-point support. Background Technology

[0002] Static joint tests assess the joint's strength under stress conditions by applying static loads. The main purposes are to verify the joint's load-bearing capacity, analyze failure modes, provide design basis, and validate finite element analysis results. Currently, static joint tests primarily apply force loads through an actuating cylinder, with the joint supported at a single fixed point. This loading method fails to comprehensively reflect the joint's stress under simultaneous combined moment loads and cannot fully consider the joint's load transmission characteristics under different support configurations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a test apparatus and test method for joint torque coupling loading and multi-point support, so as to achieve the purpose of torque coupling loading and multi-point support.

[0004] This invention provides the following technical solution: a test device for joint torque coupling loading and multi-point support, comprising: a joint support structure for fixing the joint; a loading offset device installed on the joint for offsetting the load loading point; and a load loading device installed on the loading offset device for applying a force load; wherein, by offsetting the load loading point axially by a predetermined distance through the loading offset device, the applied force load simultaneously generates a force load and a torque at the joint action point, thereby achieving torque coupling loading.

[0005] A test method for torque coupling loading and multi-point support of a joint includes the following steps: fixing the joint through a joint support structure; installing a loading offset device on the lugs of the joint; installing a load loading device on the loading offset device; applying a force load through the load loading device, and using the loading offset device to offset the loading point, so that the force load generates a force load and a torque at the joint application point simultaneously, thereby achieving torque coupling loading.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that the above-mentioned at least one technical solution adopted by the present invention can achieve include at least the following: by using a loading offset device, the loading point of the unidirectional force load is offset along the axial direction by a certain distance to achieve torque coupling loading, and the load size is distributed by the multi-point support at the joint root, so that torque coupling loading and multi-point support under large load can be achieved simultaneously in the static test of the joint. This method is simple to implement and easy to operate, and it also makes the force load application position dispersed and does not need to be gathered together, which is beneficial to the space design of the loading dummy and the loading device. Attached Figure Description

[0007] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-point support structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the torque coupling loading principle.

[0009] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Joint; 2. Joint support structure; 3. Support platform; 4. Load offset device; 5. Multi-point support structure; 6. Load loading device. Detailed Implementation

[0010] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0011] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0012] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the test apparatus of this embodiment is mainly used for static testing of the metal lug connector 1 of model JL-001 in aerospace structures. The apparatus mainly includes a connector support structure 2, a loading offset device 4, a load loading device 6, and a multi-point support structure 5.

[0013] The connector 1 is rigidly fixed to the robust support platform 3 by the connector support structure 2. The connector support structure 2 is a high-strength steel clamp specially designed according to the shape of the connector 1, and is fastened to the support platform 3 by bolts to ensure that the installation foundation of the connector 1 is stable and reliable during the test.

[0014] To achieve the core torque coupling loading function, a high-strength alloy steel shaft pin is inserted into the lug hole of the connector 1, and the loading offset device 4 is installed thereon. The loading offset device 4 is a rigid lever arm with a hole at one end and a double-ear connector at the other. Its holed end is hinged to the lug of the connector 1 via the shaft pin, while the double-ear connector is used to install the load loading device 6.

[0015] The load loading device 6 is an electrically servo-driven actuator with a range of 50kN. In this embodiment, a Z-axis load loading device 6 is mounted on a double-ear connector at the end of the loading offset device 4 via a pin. The rear end of the actuator cylinder is hinged to a gantry frame welded from structural steel.

[0016] Reference Figure 3 As shown in the principle, this experiment requires... Figure 1 At the origin of the point of action of the joint 1 shown, a Z-direction force FZ~=10kN and a bending moment MX~=2kN·m about the X-axis are applied simultaneously.

[0017] According to the formula L=M / F proposed in this invention, the required theoretical offset distance is calculated to be LZ=2kN·m / 10kN=0.2m.

[0018] Based on this, we designed and manufactured a loading offset device 4 with a lever arm length of 0.2 meters from the center of the hinge pin to the force application axis of the actuator cylinder.

[0019] During the test, the load-loading device 6, which controls the Z-axis load, precisely applied a force of 10 kN. Since the line of action of the force is offset by 0.2 meters in the Y-axis relative to the point of action of the joint, at the point of action of the joint 1, a Z-axis force FZ of 10 kN and a bending moment MX about the X-axis of 2 kN·m are equivalently obtained simultaneously, perfectly realizing the coupled loading of force and moment.

[0020] like Figure 2 As shown, to simulate the installation boundary of the joint 1 in a real component and to avoid stress concentration at the root, this embodiment provides the multi-point support structure 5 at the root of the joint 1. This structure consists of four evenly distributed support screws 5, which pass through mounting holes on the support platform 3 and are locked and finely adjusted in height using upper and lower nuts, thereby providing stable and uniform distributed support for the joint root. The number of support points is determined based on the finite element analysis results of this joint structure. The analysis shows that four-point support most effectively distributes the load and avoids local yielding.

[0021] Once the device is installed, the multi-channel coordinated loading control system controls each actuator to apply load according to a predetermined load spectrum. X-axis loads can be applied directly at the point of action of joint 1 via another actuator. Y-axis loads can be applied by adding an actuator laterally to the loading offset device 4. This device thus enables the accurate reproduction of the complex force-moment composite load state experienced by the joint in actual operation on a simple test bench.

[0022] Example 2: The application of this invention is highly flexible and is not limited to a single load application direction. By changing the installation direction of the actuator cylinder on the loading offset device 4, torque coupling loading in other directions can be easily achieved.

[0023] For example, if the test requires the application of a coupled load of an X-axis force FX and a bending moment MZ about the Z-axis, the following configuration can be used: Adjust the installation direction of the load loading device 6 to apply force along the X direction.

[0024] Calculate and determine the Z-direction offset distance LZ required to achieve the target bending moment MZ.

[0025] Accordingly, select or manufacture a loading offset device 4 with a corresponding Z-axis lever arm length and install it.

[0026] At this time, when the dynamometer applies an X-direction force FX, FX and MZ will be equivalently generated at the point of application of joint 1. The Z-direction force and Y-direction force can be achieved by directly applying the force at the point of application and by applying the force on the offset device, respectively.

[0027] It should be noted that: The loading offset device 4 can be a component formed by integral forging, or it can be designed as a modular device assembled from standard connectors with stepless adjustment of the lever arm length to meet the needs of different load conditions.

[0028] The multi-point support structure 5 can be a simple support screw, a wedge-shaped pad, or an intelligent support actuator with an integrated force sensor for real-time feedback and support force control.

[0029] Both the joint support structure 2 and the support platform 3 are mature testing equipment in the field. Their specific structural forms can be adjusted according to the actual joint shape and testing requirements, which does not affect the realization of the core technology of this invention.

[0030] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Therefore, any substitution of equivalent components or equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of protection of this patent should still fall within the scope of this patent. Furthermore, the technical features, technical features and technical solutions, and technical solutions in this invention can be freely combined and used.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for joint torque coupling loading and multi-point support, characterized in that, include: A connector support structure (2) is used to fix the connector (1). A load offset device (4) is installed on the connector (1) for offsetting the load loading point; A load loading device (6) is mounted on the load offset device (4) for applying force load; The load loading point is offset axially by a predetermined distance by the loading offset device (4), so that the applied force load generates force load and torque at the joint action point at the same time, thereby realizing torque coupling loading.

2. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading offset device (4) is installed by inserting a shaft pin into the lug of the connector (1) or by installing the loading offset device (4) through a multi-point support structure (5).

3. The experimental apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The load loading device (6) includes an actuator for applying force loads in the X, Y or Z directions.

4. The experimental apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The torque coupling loading is obtained through offset distance calculation, which is determined based on the target torque and the magnitude of the applied force load.

5. The test apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The offset distance is expressed by the formula L=M / F, where L is the offset distance, M is the target torque, and F is the force load.

6. The experimental apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of support points of the multi-point support structure (5) is determined according to the joint load.

7. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test apparatus is used for static testing of aircraft joints.

8. A test method for joint torque coupling loading and multi-point support, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The connector (1) is fixed by the connector support structure (2); A loading offset device (4) is installed on the lug of the connector (1); A load loading device (6) is installed on the load offset device (4); The load is applied by the load loading device (6), and the loading point is offset by the loading offset device (4), so that the load generates both load and torque at the joint action point, thereby achieving torque coupling loading.

9. The test method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The torque coupling loading includes applying a Z-axis force load and generating a torque about the X-axis, or applying an X-axis force load and generating a torque about the Z-axis.

Images