Tang Buddha temple east great temple ideal digital building scale and three-dimensional digital building modeling and augmented reality (XR) interactive experience method

Abstract

The method is digital protection inheritance and activation utilization of historic and cultural heritage historic buildings, and is characterized in that modern surveying and mapping data of the historic buildings are used as a basis, a construction algorithm is used as a core, and the modern surveying and mapping data are restored into original design blueprint data of the historic buildings through calculation, conversion and valuing of construction parameters and construction moduli; and on the basis of original design blueprint data, three-dimensional digital building modeling of the ancient building is realized, and finally an immersive digital culture product with augmented reality (XR) interactive experience is created to serve the development of the digital culture industry and the digital travel industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This method focuses on the digital preservation, inheritance, and revitalization of historical and cultural heritage buildings. Based on modern surveying data and centered on ancient architectural concepts, it recreates the ideal design blueprint of ancient buildings. Furthermore, based on this ideal design blueprint, it achieves three-dimensional digital construction modeling. Finally, using the three-dimensional digital construction model as the core and game engines such as U3D and UE5, it develops immersive digital cultural tourism products with extended reality (XR) interactive experiences, serving the development of the digital cultural industry and the digital cultural tourism industry. Background Technology

[0002] Ancient buildings from different periods used different construction scales, and each ancient building from different eras and regions has its own unique construction scale. Modern surveying data for each ancient building also varies due to differences in the surveying date, technology, methods, and accuracy. To achieve high-quality digital preservation, inheritance, and revitalization of ancient buildings, it is necessary to interpret the construction culture characteristics and historical information they embody. Therefore, it is necessary to use construction concepts and algorithms to restore and reconstruct the construction scale and methods used in the initial construction of ancient buildings. The ideal digital construction scale and 3D digital construction modeling methods for the East Hall of Tang Foguang Temple, along with extended reality (XR) interactive experience methods, aim to realize the application of next-generation information technology, metaverse technology, extended reality (XR) technology, and virtual reality film production in the East Hall of Tang Foguang Temple through construction algorithms, modeling, and interactive experiences. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This method, known as Method 1, is a computational algorithm for ancient architectural construction. Its core is a digital calculation method for the scale of ancient building construction. Based on modern surveying data and centered on ancient construction concepts, it calculates and establishes construction parameters and modules. It performs mathematical statistics and analysis on the surveying data, setting and optimizing parameters, and repeatedly converting data to determine parameter values. This method breaks through the constraints of existing Tang Dynasty construction rulers, abandoning traditional methods and relying solely on digital algorithms, modular relationships, and parameter values ​​to find a construction algorithm that can be interpreted through traditional cultural frameworks and conforms to construction concepts.

[0004] Method 2 for determining the architectural dimensions. Based on Method 1, Method 2 uses the survey data of the East Hall of Foguang Temple from the Tang Dynasty, as documented in the "Architectural Survey and Research Report of the East Hall of Foguang Temple," and considers three error variables: design and construction error, millennium settlement error, and modern surveying error. Using 1 / 8, 1 / 4, and 1 / 2 of the architectural ruler as basic parameters, and after repeated conversions, the architectural ruler is determined through calculation, value selection, and confirmation. The Tang Dynasty architectural ruler was a commonly used ruler. Based on 40 existing examples, 14 rulers (35%) are 29-29.4 cm long; 15 rulers (37.5%) are 30-30.8 cm long; and 11 rulers (27.5%) are 31-31.8 cm long. This method, without being limited by existing construction rulers and construction methods, relies solely on simple numerical analysis to calculate, obtain, and formulate the innovative ideas and methods of the construction ruler of Tang Foguang Temple. It accurately determines that one foot of the construction ruler of the East Hall of Tang Foguang Temple is equal to 28 centimeters. Using the construction ruler as a parameter, it calculates material data such as the planar column grid, the elevation of the side facade, the material dimensions, and the projection system.

[0005] Method for obtaining the column grid and roof slope. This method is Method 3. Based on the modern surveying and mapping data of Method 1 and Method 2, and the construction ruler of the East Hall of the Tang Foguang Temple where one chi equals 28 cm, through three steps of statistical calculation, adjustment and optimization, and parameter determination, the calculation, determination, and method of obtaining the column grid data of the floor plan and the roof rise data of the side elevation are realized. For the plane column grid: the width of the middle bay is 504 cm, the width of the secondary bay is 504 cm, the width of the side bay is 504 cm, and the width of the end bay is 4400 cm. The average depth of each bay is 4400 cm. It is calculated that the construction column grid data are: for the width, the middle bay is 18 chi, the secondary bay is 18 chi, and the side bay is 18 chi; for the depth, the average depth of each bay is 15.714 chi. Taking the 1 / 4 chi parameter, it is rounded up to 15.75 chi, and then increasing by 1 / 4 chi and rounding up to 16 chi. For the middle bay of 18 chi and the depth of 16 chi, digital modulus splitting is carried out. The middle bay of 18 chi is 3 squared times 2 (3*3*2), and the secondary bay is 2 cubed times 2 (2*2*2*2), forming the construction modulus parameter of 3 to 2 for the plane column grid of the Foguang Temple. For the side elevation roof slope: the height of the ridge purlin is 1184 cm, the height of the upper horizontal purlin is 1070 cm, the height of the middle horizontal purlin is 969 cm, the height of the lower horizontal purlin is 881 cm, the height of the cow ridge beam is 813 cm, and the height of the eave purlin is 712 cm; converted into construction chi, the height of the ridge purlin is 42.29 chi, the height of the upper horizontal purlin is 38.21 chi, the height of the middle horizontal purlin is 34.61 chi, the height of the lower horizontal purlin is 31.46 chi, the height of the cow ridge beam is 29.04 chi, and the height of the eave purlin is 25.43 chi; combining the above conversion data, the roof rise data are formulated as follows: the height of the ridge purlin is 45 chi, the height of the upper horizontal purlin is 40 chi, the height of the middle horizontal purlin is 36 chi, the height of the lower horizontal purlin is 32 chi, the height of the cow ridge beam is 30 chi, and the height of the eave purlin is 27 chi. The height of the ridge purlin of 45 chi, the height of the middle horizontal purlin of 36 chi, and the height of the eave purlin of 27 chi, taking 9 chi as the parameter, form 9 times 5 (9*5 = 45), 9 times 4 (9*4 = 36), 9 times 3 (9*3 = 27); taking 8 chi as the parameter, form 8 times 5 (8*5 = 40), 8 times 4 (8*4 = 32), and the roof rise forms the digital relationship between 9 and 8. 9 is 3 squared, and 8 is 2 cubed, forming the construction modulus relationship of 3 to 2.

[0006] Method for obtaining the material size. This method is Method 4. Based on the modern surveying and mapping data of Method 1 and Method 2, and the construction ruler of the East Hall of the Tang Foguang Temple where one chi equals 28 cm, through three method steps of calculation, determination, and exact determination, the material size is obtained. The material surveying and mapping data are: the width of the full member is 21 cm and the height is 43.1 cm; the width of the single member is 21 cm and the height is 31 cm; the width of the wedge is 21 cm and the height is 12.1 cm. After calculation with the construction ruler, the width of the full member is 0.75 chi and the height is 1.54; the width of the single member is 0.75 chi and the height is 1.11 chi; the width of the wedge is 0.75 chi and the height is 0.43 chi. Introducing three error variable parameters of design and construction error, millennium settlement error, and modern surveying and mapping error, the construction material size is formulated as: the width of the full member is 0.75 chi and the height is 1.575 chi; the width of the single member is 0.75 chi and the height is 1.125 chi; the width of the wedge is 0.75 chi and the height is 0.45 chi.

[0007] Method for obtaining the skip scale. This method is Method 5. Based on Method 1, the modern surveying and mapping data of Method 2, and the fact that one chi of the construction ruler of the East Hall of the Tang Foguang Temple is equal to 28 cm, the skip scale is determined through three method steps: calculation, value taking, and value confirmation. The total skip is 1974 cm, the first and second skips are 987 cm, and the third and fourth skips are 987 cm. The total skip is 7.05 chi, the first and second skips are 3.025 chi, and the third and fourth skips are 3.025 chi. The integer value is determined as 7 chi for the total skip, 3.5 chi for the first and second skips, and 3.5 chi for the third and fourth skips. The skip slope parameter is 1.575 chi for one additional foot of material and 3.5 chi for the skip.

[0008] Method for determining the scale of components. This method is Method 6. Based on Method 1, Method 2, Method 3, Method 4, and Method 5, with the modern surveying and mapping data of various components as the basis, through statistical methods of calculation, optimization, and value confirmation, according to the parameter value-taking method of 1 / 8 chi and 1 / 8 cun. The following data are determined. For the large dou, the side length is 2.25 chi (2.25 chi * 2.25 chi), the height is 1.5 chi (ear 0.6 chi, waist 0.3 chi, bottom 0.6 chi), and the doukou is 7.5 cun; for the small dou, the side length is 1.25 chi, and the height is 0.75 chi (ear 0.3 chi, waist 0.15 chi, bottom 0.3 chi). For the middle dou, the side length is 1.5 chi, and the height is 1 chi (ear 0.4 chi, waist 0.2 chi, bottom 0.4 chi); the length of the guazi arch is 4.25 chi, the length of the nidao arch is 4.5 chi, and the length of the man arch is 7.5 chi; the width of the clear rufang is 1.25 chi, and the width of the four-rafter clear rufang is 16 chi; for the eaves column, the diameter is 2 chi, and the height is 18 chi; for the efang, the height is 1.25 chi, and the width is 0.75 chi; for the pingqi strut, the side length is 3.5 cun (3.5 cun * 3.5 cun); for the doors and windows, for the door leaf, the height is 14 chi, and the width is 7 chi; for the door nails, there are five rows up and down, the spacing is 2.8 chi, there are 10 on the left and right, and the spacing is 0.7 chi (taking the meaning of the four images and the twenty-eight constellations with 0.7 chi as the multiple). For the window, the height is 6 chi, and the spacing between the branches is 0.75 chi, which is equal to the width of the material.

[0009] Method for drawing the plan view. This method is Method 7. Based on the construction data of Method 1, Method 2, Method 3, Method 4, Method 5, and Method 6, draw the plan view. The first step is to draw the ideal plan view. The standard drawing shows that the frontage is 18 chi for the clear view, 18 chi for the secondary bays, 18 chi for the side bays, and 16 chi for the end bays. The average depth of each bay is 16 chi, the total frontage is 122 chi, and the total depth is 64 chi. The second step is to draw the standard plan view. The clear view is 18 chi, the secondary bays are 18 chi, the side bays are 18 chi, and the end bays are 15.75 chi. The average depth of each bay is 15.75 chi, the total frontage is 121.5 chi, and the total depth is 63 chi. The third step is to design the ideal plan view and the standard plan view as components, superimpose the two components, form a mixed column grid, and distinguish them by thickness and color.

[0010] Method for drawing elevation drawings. This method is Method 8. Based on the construction data of Methods 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, elevation drawings are drawn. The first step is to draw a standard side elevation, with the ridge rafter height 45 feet, the upper rafter height 40 feet, the middle rafter height 36 feet, the lower rafter height 32 feet, the ridge beam height 30 feet, and the eaves rafter height 27 feet. The ridge rafter height is 45 feet, the middle rafter height is 36 feet, and the eaves rafter height is 27 feet. Based on the side elevation construction dimensions, the plan view of components such as brackets and beams is drawn. The second step is to draw a standard front elevation, and based on the front elevation construction dimensions, the plan view of components such as brackets and beams is drawn.

[0011] A 3D modeling method for structural components. This method is Method 9. Based on plan and elevation drawings, and combined with numerical values ​​for brackets, beams, columns, etc., 3D design software such as 3DMAX and SketchUp are used to create 3D models of components such as brackets, beams, and columns. The method involves drawing out the thickness from side and front elevation drawings, and then adjusting and optimizing the thickness to achieve the modeling of standard components.

[0012] A three-dimensional digital installation method for building components. This method is Method 10. The first step is to construct a control grid on the foundation using planar column grids and elevation grids. The second step is to use the control grid as coordinate reference points and follow the construction process of a real building, proceeding from bottom to top to complete the overall building construction step by step. The third step is to organize the model into three large groups: the column grid group, the bracket set group, and the roof group. The column grid group includes components such as foundation, steps, column bases, column grids, lintels, doors, windows, and walls; the bracket set group includes components such as column heads, corners, intercolumnar joints, moon beams, four-rafter exposed beams, four-rafter straw beams, and flat ridges; the third group includes components such as rafters, tiles, and roof ornaments. The fourth step is to first construct individual building components such as bracket sets into components for each part; second, to form three groups using column components; and finally, to complete the overall model construction using these three groups. A component is the smallest model unit, an assembly is a medium-sized unit composed of multiple components, and a group is a large unit composed of multiple assemblies.

[0013] A research and development method for extended reality (XR) interactive experiences. This method is Method 11. This method uses game development engines such as Unity3D or UE5 to develop games based on the construction method of Method 10. Players can use virtual reality (MR) headsets to interact with virtual reality (VR) or augmented reality (AR) scenes through controllers, gestures, AI voice, and other interactive functions to digitally construct the East Hall of Tang Dynasty Foguang Temple in a virtual 3D world, learning and experiencing the construction methods of Tang Dynasty architecture. This construction method is set as a digital construction method with three difficulty levels: beginner, intermediate, and advanced. Regardless of the difficulty, a 1-foot long, 0.75-foot wide, and 1.575-foot high base material composed of single materials and wedges, and a 3-foot long and 2-foot high construction grid are always present. The construction grid is used as a coordinate control grid to achieve spatial positioning. The beginner difficulty level requires no component processing; the assembly process is guided by hints and automatically generated components, making the installation process straightforward. The intermediate difficulty level offers some hints, but requires players to have some construction knowledge to complete component installation and group building. The advanced difficulty level follows the entire construction process of ancient buildings, including setting out the column grid, laying out the scaffolding poles and plumb lines, and learning how to process the original components by laying out the logs, ultimately achieving a step-by-step 3D virtual installation. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 To create the mapping data and conversion value method for the algorithm.

[0015] Figure 2 Methods for constructing scale, including construction parameters and construction modules.

[0016] Figure 3 This document outlines the parameter values ​​and module usage methods for constructing materials.

[0017] Figure 4 This describes the method for drawing a column grid plan.

[0018] Figure 5 This section describes the method for drawing folded elevation views.

[0019] Figure 6 The coordinate control grid for structural components such as brackets, beams, and columns.

[0020] Figure 7 A three-dimensional modeling method for structural components such as brackets, beams, and columns.

[0021] Figure 8 This describes the installation method for column grid groups.

[0022] Figure 9 This describes the installation method for a group of bracket sets.

[0023] Figure 10 This is a 3D model of the interior of the East Hall of Foguang Temple in Tang Dynasty.

Claims

1. A method for calculating construction algorithms. Based on construction parameters and construction module, mathematical statistics and analysis are performed on surveying data. Through the preset construction parameters of 28 cm and the construction module of 3:2, the construction algorithm is calculated and verified.

2. A method for obtaining construction scale. Based on the construction algorithm and construction parameters, the construction scale of 28 cm is obtained through calculation, value selection, verification, and confirmation of single material data and bay width data.

3. A method for obtaining column network elevation. Based on the construction algorithm and construction scale, the plane column network data and elevation data are obtained. The bay is 18 feet, and the depth is 16 feet. The bay of 18 feet is the square of 3 multiplied by 2 (3*3*2), and the depth is the cube of 2 multiplied by 2 (2*2*2*2), forming a construction module of 3:2 and parameters. The rafter height is 45 feet, the middle rafter height is 36 feet, and the eave rafter height is 27 feet, with 9 feet as the parameter, forming 9*5 (9*5=45), 9*4 (9*4=36), and 9*3 (9*3=27); with 8 feet as the parameter, forming 8*5 (8*5=40), 8*4 (8*4=32), and 8*3 (8*3=24); the elevation forms a numerical relationship of 9 and 8, 9 is the square of 3, and 8 is the cube of 2, forming a construction module of 3:2 and parameters.

4. A method for obtaining material scale. Based on the construction algorithm and construction scale, the data of single material, wedge, and foot material are obtained. The single material is 0.75 feet wide and 1.125 feet high; the wedge is 0.75 feet wide and 0.45 feet high; and the foot material is 0.75 feet wide and 1.575 feet high. The height and width of the single material are in a 3:2 construction module and parameter relationship. The height of the foot material is 1.575 feet, and the depth is 15.75 feet, forming a 10 times module relationship.

5. A method for obtaining eaves projection scale. Based on the construction algorithm and construction scale, the total eaves projection is 7 feet, one and two eaves are 3.5 feet, and three and four eaves are 3.5 feet. The eaves projection slope parameter is 1.575 feet high, and the eaves projection is 3.5 feet.

6. A method for obtaining component scale. Based on the construction algorithm and construction scale, the size data of components such as dougong, beam, and frame are obtained.

7. A method for drawing plan and elevation. Draw the plan and elevation of the standard and ideal graph, and distinguish them by color.

8. A method for three-dimensional digital modeling and installation of construction components. Model by using plan and elevation dimensions, and install by building, assembling, and grouping.

9. A method for extended reality (XR) interactive experience. A foot material composed of single material and wedge is 1 foot long, 0.75 feet wide, and 1.575 feet high, and a construction grid is 3 feet long and 2 feet wide. Use the construction grid as the coordinate control grid to realize spatial positioning. Through interactive functions such as handle, gesture, and AI voice, set up primary, intermediate, and advanced levels to allow players or tourists to have an immersive gaming experience.

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