Antenna system of unmanned aerial vehicle interference gun

Abstract

The invention discloses an antenna system of an unmanned aerial vehicle interference gun, which relates to the technical field of antennas, and comprises a multi-frequency-band radiation unit covering common frequency bands of an unmanned aerial vehicle, a beam control module for realizing beam orientation and scanning, a polarization adjustment module for switching polarization modes, and a feed matching module for guaranteeing low-loss transmission of signals. The installation adaptation module provides fixation and angle adjustment, the radiation enhancement module enhances signal focusing, the grounding protection module guarantees safety and electromagnetic compatibility, the multi-unit cooperation module coordinates multi-frequency-band work, the broadband adaptation module expands the bandwidth, and the state monitoring module feeds back the working state of each module. According to the invention, the frequency band coverage range is expanded, and the beam pointing precision and polarization adaptation efficiency are improved; the system is reliable in protection, adapts to different application scenes and unmanned aerial vehicle types, has fault redundancy capability, and gives consideration to practicability and compatibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and more particularly to an antenna system for a drone jamming gun. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of drone technology, its application in both civilian and military fields is becoming increasingly widespread. However, this has also brought about security risks such as illegal intrusion, espionage, and malicious interference. As a key device for addressing these issues, the performance of the core component of a drone jamming gun—the antenna system—directly determines the jamming effect. Currently, the antenna systems of drone jamming guns generally suffer from limited frequency band coverage. Most products are designed only for single popular frequency bands such as 2.4GHz or 5.8GHz. However, drone communication and navigation frequency bands are becoming increasingly diverse, including GPS, BeiDou navigation bands, and various dedicated communication bands. Existing antennas cannot achieve full-band coverage, leading to jamming failures for drones operating on certain special frequency bands. Furthermore, multi-band antenna designs are prone to inter-band electromagnetic coupling interference, affecting signal radiation purity. Moreover, their complex structural designs make it difficult to balance portability and radiation efficiency, failing to meet the practical application requirements of drone jamming guns.

[0003] Regarding beam control and polarization adaptation, existing antenna systems mostly employ fixed beam designs, resulting in poor directivity and dispersed interference signal energy. This limits the effective interference range, and sidelobe signals can easily interfere with nearby legitimate wireless equipment, causing electromagnetic compatibility issues. Some antennas with beam adjustment capabilities lack sufficient phase and amplitude adjustment precision and have slow beam scanning speeds, making it impossible to quickly lock onto moving UAV targets. Furthermore, UAV communication signals exhibit diverse polarization modes, including horizontal, vertical, and circular polarization. Existing antennas often have fixed polarization designs, failing to dynamically adjust according to the target signal's polarization characteristics. This leads to low coupling efficiency between the interference signal and the UAV receiving antenna, significantly weakening the interference effect.

[0004] Installation compatibility, protection performance, and collaborative working capabilities are also significant shortcomings of existing antenna systems. Most antennas have complex connection methods to the jamming gun body, are inconvenient to install and remove, and have limited angle adjustment ranges, failing to adapt to jamming requirements under different operating postures. The grounding protection design of the antenna system is inadequate, making it susceptible to electromagnetic interference or overvoltage damage in complex outdoor electromagnetic environments or harsh weather conditions, affecting operational stability. Furthermore, the operating timing of multi-band radiating units lacks effective coordination, easily leading to energy conflicts; broadband adaptability is insufficient, making it difficult to be compatible with newly added UAV frequency bands; and the lack of real-time monitoring of antenna operating status means that faults cannot be detected and handled promptly, severely impacting the operational reliability of UAV jamming guns. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The application provides an unmanned aerial vehicle jamming gun antenna system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the application adopts the following technical scheme: an unmanned aerial vehicle jamming gun antenna system comprises the following modules: The multi-band radiation unit is used for generating multi-band jamming signal radiation, covering commonly used communication, navigation and control frequency bands of unmanned aerial vehicles, the multi-band radiation unit adopts a multi-resonance structure and a scale-like coupling design, comprises a main radiation unit and an auxiliary radiation unit, the main radiation unit is a resonance structure with multiple groups of different length resonance arms, and resonance separation of different frequency bands is completed through a wave trap circuit; the auxiliary radiation unit adopts a scale-like interlaced structure without direct electrical connection with the main radiation unit, and an energy extension frequency band is obtained through electromagnetic coupling; The beam control module is connected with the multi-band radiation unit, and directional focusing and scanning of a beam are completed by adjusting phase and amplitude distribution of radiation signals; The polarization adjustment module is connected with the multi-band radiation unit and can switch different polarization modes, and the polarization adjustment module and the beam control module work cooperatively, and automatically match an optimal polarization mode according to a beam pointing direction and target frequency band characteristics; The feed matching module is connected with the multi-band radiation unit and the beam control module, and low-loss transmission and impedance matching of jamming signals are completed; The installation adaptation module is used for fixing the antenna system to a gun body of the unmanned aerial vehicle jamming gun, and provides mechanical support and angle adjustment functions; The radiation enhancement module cooperates with the multi-band radiation unit, and the signal focusing effect is strengthened through a secondary radiation device, the radiation enhancement module comprises a coaxial secondary reflection unit and a quasi-optical lens unit, the central axes of the two units are aligned with a radiation center of the multi-band radiation unit, and jamming signals are focused cooperatively; The grounding protection module is connected with each core module, and a grounding shielding and overvoltage protection mechanism is constructed; The multi-unit cooperation module coordinates working time sequences and signal parameters of the multi-band radiation unit, the multi-unit cooperation module is linked with the state monitoring module, and a fault redundancy mechanism is built-in, when a frequency band radiation unit fails, working parameters of other units are automatically adjusted; The wide frequency adaptation module expands the working bandwidth of the multi-band radiation unit, and adapts to more unmanned aerial vehicle communication frequency bands, the wide frequency adaptation module cooperates with the feed matching module, dynamically adjusts matching parameters and compensation coefficients, and completes low-loss signal transmission in a full frequency band of 700MHz to 6GHz; The state monitoring module monitors working states of each module in real time, and feeds back antenna radiation performance, matching state and protection state information.

[0007] Further, the multi-band radiation unit adopts a multi-resonance structure and a scale-like coupling design, including a main radiation unit and an auxiliary radiation unit. The main radiation unit is a resonance structure, and the auxiliary radiation unit adopts a scale-like interlaced structure and is electromagnetically coupled with the main radiation unit. The main radiation unit includes a plurality of resonance arms of different lengths, and the resonance separation of different frequency bands is completed through a wave-trapping circuit. The auxiliary radiation unit adopts a feed radiation structure that is not directly connected to the main radiation unit and partially overlaps the surface of the main radiation unit to obtain energy through electromagnetic coupling. The surface of the multi-band radiation unit is treated with a conductive coating, and the structure size is optimized.

[0008] Further, the beam control module adopts a digital beam forming architecture, including a phase adjustment unit, an amplitude distribution unit, and a beam scheduling unit. The phase adjustment unit performs phase fine tuning on the radiation branch signals of the multi-band radiation unit, and completes beam orientation through phase control. The adjustment step is dynamically adapted according to the working frequency band. The amplitude distribution unit distributes the signal amplitudes of the radiation branches through a weighted summation algorithm, and the weighting coefficients are dynamically calculated based on the target direction and the interference distance. The beam scheduling unit supports two modes of fixed pointing and scanning. The fixed pointing mode focuses on a specific area, and the scanning mode gradually adjusts the beam direction according to a preset angle range. The beam control module has a built-in beam forming algorithm, which can dynamically optimize the beam parameters according to the target position information of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0009] Further, the polarization adjustment module includes a polarization conversion unit and a polarization filter unit. The polarization conversion unit can switch between linear polarization and circular polarization modes. The linear polarization mode supports fast switching between horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, and the circular polarization mode can select left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization, meeting the polarization matching requirements of specific frequency band unmanned aerial vehicle signals. The polarization filter unit adopts a polarization selection surface structure to filter interference signals that are not consistent with the target polarization direction. The polarization adjustment module and the beam control module work cooperatively according to the beam pointing direction and the target frequency band characteristics.

[0010] Further, the feed matching module adopts a combination design of a wideband matching network and a diplexer. The wideband matching network includes a π-type matching circuit composed of inductors and capacitors, and completes multi-band impedance matching through a multi-section matching structure to stabilize the input impedance within a preset range. The diplexer circuit completes the separation and transmission of signals of different frequency bands. The feed matching module has a built-in impedance monitoring unit that detects the input impedance changes of the multi-band radiation unit in real time, adjusts the parameters of the matching circuit adaptively, and compensates for the impedance deviation caused by environmental changes and frequency band switching. The feed interface adopts a anti-loosening structure design to adapt to the signal output port of the unmanned aerial vehicle jammer.

[0011] Furthermore, the radiation enhancement module includes a secondary reflection unit and a quasi-optical lens unit. The secondary reflection unit is a parabolic reflection structure, positioned on the signal radiation path of the multi-band radiation unit to reflect and focus the diverging signal. The quasi-optical lens unit is made of a dielectric material and covers the radiation surface of the multi-band radiation unit. Through refractive index distribution optimization, it further converges the beam and compresses the beam width. The secondary reflection unit and the quasi-optical lens unit are arranged coaxially, with their central axis aligned with the radiation center of the multi-band radiation unit. Both the reflecting surface and the lens surface are treated with an anti-reflection coating. The structural dimensions of the radiation enhancement module are adapted to the multi-band radiation unit and do not exceed the fixed range for installing the adapter module.

[0012] Furthermore, the installation adapter module includes a mechanical fixing unit, an angle adjustment unit, and an antenna cover. The mechanical fixing unit adopts a quick-release buckle structure, which matches the installation interface of the UAV jamming gun body. The angle adjustment unit includes adjustment mechanisms in both horizontal and vertical directions, and can achieve stepless positioning during adjustment. The antenna cover is made of high-strength insulating material, covering the outside of the multi-band radiation unit and radiation enhancement module, without affecting the signal radiation efficiency. The surface of the antenna cover is treated with a hydrophobic coating to adapt to outdoor use environments.

[0013] Furthermore, the grounding protection module includes a grounding shielding unit, an overvoltage protection unit, and an electromagnetic compatibility optimization unit. The grounding shielding unit adopts a grounding grid structure and is connected to the grounding system of the UAV jamming gun. The overvoltage protection unit has a built-in surge arrester and overvoltage absorption device, which are connected in parallel in the power supply link. When the input voltage exceeds a preset threshold, it quickly conducts and discharges energy. The electromagnetic compatibility optimization unit adopts a shielding partition and a filtering structure to isolate electromagnetic coupling interference between modules. The power supply line uses shielded cables.

[0014] Furthermore, the multi-unit coordination module includes a timing control unit and a parameter synchronization unit. The timing control unit coordinates the start-up and shutdown timing of the multi-band radiation units; the parameter synchronization unit synchronizes the signal parameters of each band radiation unit; the multi-unit coordination module supports both manual and automatic coordination modes. In manual mode, coordination parameters can be set through an external control terminal, while in automatic mode, the coordination strategy is adaptively adjusted based on the target signal characteristics fed back by the status monitoring module; the coordination module has a built-in fault redundancy mechanism, which automatically adjusts the operating parameters of other units when a certain band radiation unit fails.

[0015] Furthermore, the wideband adaptation module includes an impedance extension unit and a frequency band compensation unit. The impedance extension unit extends the impedance bandwidth of the multi-band radiation unit through a multi-section transmission line matching structure. The frequency band compensation unit adopts a combination of notch suppression and gain compensation. The wideband adaptation module can adapt to operating frequency bands covering 700MHz to 6GHz and supports software configuration expansion of new frequency bands. The wideband adaptation module works in conjunction with the power supply matching module to achieve low-loss signal transmission and stable radiation across the entire frequency band by dynamically adjusting matching parameters and compensation coefficients.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention significantly improves the overall performance of the UAV jamming gun antenna system through multi-module collaborative design, effectively solving many pain points of existing technologies. The multi-band radiating unit adopts a multi-resonant structure and a scale coupling design. The main radiating unit and the auxiliary radiating unit are electromagnetically coupled together to achieve independent radiation and interference-free coverage of multi-band signals. It not only covers the commonly used communication and navigation frequency bands of UAVs, but also expands the bandwidth range through a wideband adaptation module, greatly improving the system's adaptability to different types of UAVs. Targeted jamming can be achieved without changing the antenna.

[0017] The beam control module employs a digital beamforming architecture, achieving directional focusing and rapid scanning of the beam through precise phase adjustment and amplitude allocation. This enhances the signal energy density in the target area, increases the effective interference range, and suppresses sidelobe interference, reducing the impact on surrounding legitimate equipment. The polarization adjustment module supports rapid switching between linear and circular polarization modes, automatically matching the polarization characteristics of the UAV's communication signals. This significantly improves the coupling efficiency of the interference signal, ensuring stable interference effects even in complex signal environments.

[0018] The power supply matching module, through a combination of a wideband matching network and a co-directional duplexer, achieves low-loss signal transmission and stable impedance matching across the entire frequency band, compensating for impedance shifts caused by environmental changes and frequency band switching, and ensuring signal radiation stability. The mounting adapter module features a quick-release snap-on design and multi-directional angle adjustment, balancing portability and operational flexibility. The radome's protective design and hydrophobic coating enable the system to adapt to harsh outdoor environments. The radiation enhancement module, through the synergistic effect of secondary reflection and a quasi-optical lens, further focuses signal energy, reduces loss, and improves interference resistance.

[0019] The grounding protection module establishes a comprehensive grounding shielding and overvoltage protection mechanism, effectively suppressing electromagnetic interference, preventing overvoltage damage to the core module, and ensuring stable operation of the system in complex electromagnetic environments and harsh weather conditions. The multi-unit coordination module coordinates the timing and parameters of multi-band radiating units to achieve coordinated interference effects. The fault redundancy mechanism ensures that the system can still partially operate normally even when a single unit fails, improving reliability. The status monitoring module provides real-time feedback on the operating status of each module, facilitating timely fault detection and handling. The wideband adaptation module supports software configuration expansion for new frequency bands, enhancing the system's scalability and lifespan. Overall, the antenna system of this invention significantly improves frequency band coverage, interference effect, ease of operation, environmental adaptability, and reliability, providing high-performance core technology support for UAV jamming guns. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of the antenna system of a drone jamming gun proposed in this invention; Figure 2 A bar chart comparing the gain of interference signals in different frequency bands; Figure 3 A line graph showing the trend of beam pointing accuracy as a function of interference distance; Figure 4 A horizontal bar chart comparing the response times of switching between different polarization modes; Figure 5 Line graphs showing the sidelobe suppression ratio and fluctuation at different frequency bands; Figure 6 A bar chart comparing the effective interference distance for different application scenarios. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0023] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they may refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Reference Figures 1 to 6 An antenna system for a drone jamming gun includes the following modules: The multi-band radiating unit is used to generate multi-band interference signal radiation, covering the communication, navigation and control frequency bands commonly used by UAVs. The multi-band radiating unit adopts a multi-resonant structure and a scale-coupled design, including a main radiating unit and an auxiliary radiating unit. The main radiating unit is a resonant structure with multiple sets of resonant arms of different lengths, and the resonant separation of different frequency bands is achieved by a notch filter circuit. The auxiliary radiating unit adopts a scale-interwoven structure that is not directly electrically connected to the main radiating unit, and obtains energy to extend the frequency band through electromagnetic coupling. The beam control module is connected to the multi-band radiation unit and completes beam directional focusing and scanning by adjusting the phase and amplitude distribution of the radiated signal; The polarization adjustment module is connected to the multi-band radiation unit and can switch between different polarization modes. The polarization adjustment module works in conjunction with the beam control module to automatically match the optimal polarization mode according to the beam direction and target frequency band characteristics. The power supply matching module is connected to the multi-band radiation unit and the beam control module respectively to complete the low-loss transmission and impedance matching of interference signals; Installing an adapter module is used to fix the antenna system to the drone jamming gun body, providing mechanical support and angle adjustment functions; The radiation enhancement module works in conjunction with the multi-band radiation unit to enhance the signal focusing effect through a secondary radiation device. The radiation enhancement module includes a coaxially arranged secondary reflection unit and a quasi-optical lens unit, the central axes of which are aligned with the radiation center of the multi-band radiation unit to work together to focus interference signals. The grounding protection module is connected to each core module to construct a grounding shielding and overvoltage protection mechanism; The multi-unit coordination module coordinates the working timing and signal parameters of the multi-band radiation units. The multi-unit coordination module is linked with the status monitoring module and has a built-in fault redundancy mechanism. When a radiation unit of a certain frequency band fails, the working parameters of other units are automatically adjusted. The wideband adapter module expands the working bandwidth of the multi-band radiating unit and adapts to more UAV communication frequency bands. The wideband adapter module works in conjunction with the power supply matching module to dynamically adjust the matching parameters and compensation coefficients to complete low-loss signal transmission in the full frequency band from 700MHz to 6GHz. The status monitoring module monitors the working status of each module in real time and provides feedback on antenna radiation performance, matching status, and protection status information.

[0025] In this invention, the multi-band radiation unit adopts a multi-resonant structure and a scale-like coupling design, including a main radiation unit and an auxiliary radiation unit. The main radiation unit is a resonant structure adapted to mid-to-high frequency UAV communication and navigation signals. The auxiliary radiation unit adopts a scale-like interwoven structure and is electromagnetically coupled to the main radiation unit to extend the low-frequency coverage range. The main radiation unit contains multiple resonant arms of different lengths, and the resonance separation of different frequency bands is achieved through a notch filter circuit to reduce mutual interference between frequency bands. Each resonant arm corresponds to a specific operating frequency band, and precise resonance is achieved through length adaptation. The auxiliary radiation unit adopts a feed radiation structure that is not directly connected to the main radiation unit, but partially overlaps the surface of the main radiation unit. It obtains energy through electromagnetic coupling to form an additional operating frequency band. The surface of the multi-band radiation unit is treated with a conductive coating to improve signal radiation efficiency, while optimizing the structural size to meet the portability requirements of UAV jamming guns, with the overall thickness controlled within 30 mm.

[0026] In this invention, the beam control module adopts a digital beamforming architecture, including a phase adjustment unit, an amplitude allocation unit, and a beam scheduling unit. The phase adjustment unit performs phase fine-tuning on the signals of each radiation branch of the multi-band radiation unit, achieving beam orientation through precise phase control. The adjustment step size is dynamically adapted according to the working frequency band to ensure beam pointing accuracy in different frequency bands. The amplitude allocation unit allocates the signal amplitude of each radiation branch through a weighted summation algorithm, enhancing the main beam energy and suppressing sidelobe interference. The weighting coefficients are dynamically calculated based on the target direction and interference distance. The beam scheduling unit supports two modes: fixed beam pointing and scanning. The fixed pointing mode focuses on a specific area, while the scanning mode gradually adjusts the beam direction within a preset angle range. The scanning angle range can be adjusted within ±60 degrees, and the scanning speed is adapted according to operational requirements. The beam control module has a built-in beamforming algorithm that can dynamically optimize beam parameters based on the UAV target position information, thereby increasing the energy density of interference signals in the target area.

[0027] In this invention, the polarization adjustment module includes a polarization conversion unit and a polarization filtering unit. The polarization conversion unit can switch between linear polarization and circular polarization modes to adapt to the polarization type of different UAV communication signals. The linear polarization mode supports rapid switching between horizontal and vertical polarization with a switching response time controlled within 10 milliseconds. The circular polarization mode can select between left-handed and right-handed circular polarization to meet the polarization matching requirements of UAV signals in specific frequency bands. The polarization filtering unit adopts a polarization selection surface structure to filter interference signals that are inconsistent with the target polarization direction, improve polarization purity, and reduce energy loss. The polarization adjustment module and the beam control module work together to automatically match the optimal polarization mode according to the beam direction and target frequency band characteristics, without manual intervention, thus improving operational convenience.

[0028] In this invention, the power supply matching module adopts a combination design of a wideband matching network and a co-directional duplexer. The wideband matching network includes a π-type matching circuit composed of inductors and capacitors, which achieves multi-band impedance matching through a multi-section matching structure, stabilizing the input impedance within a preset range. The co-directional duplexer circuit enables the separate transmission of signals of different frequency bands, reducing mutual interference between multi-band signals in the power supply link and ensuring independent transmission of each frequency band signal with low loss. The power supply matching module has a built-in impedance monitoring unit that detects the input impedance changes of the multi-band radiation unit in real time and compensates for impedance shifts caused by environmental changes and frequency band switching by adaptively adjusting the matching circuit parameters. The power supply interface adopts an anti-loosening structure design, is compatible with the signal output port of the UAV jamming gun, and uses electromagnetic sealing treatment at the connection to reduce signal leakage.

[0029] In this invention, the radiation enhancement module includes a secondary reflection unit and a quasi-optical lens unit. The secondary reflection unit is a parabolic reflection structure, positioned on the signal radiation path of the multi-band radiation unit, reflecting and focusing the diverging signal to improve the energy concentration of the main beam. The quasi-optical lens unit is made of a dielectric material and covers the radiation surface of the multi-band radiation unit. Through refractive index distribution optimization, it further converges the beam, compresses the beamwidth, and improves the directivity gain. The secondary reflection unit and the quasi-optical lens unit are coaxially arranged, with their central axis aligned with the radiation center of the multi-band radiation unit. Both the reflective surface and the lens surface are treated with an anti-reflection coating to reduce signal reflection loss. The structural dimensions of the radiation enhancement module are adapted to the multi-band radiation unit and do not exceed the fixed range for installing the adapter module, ensuring the overall portability of the system.

[0030] In this invention, the installation adapter module includes a mechanical fixing unit, an angle adjustment unit, and an antenna cover. The mechanical fixing unit adopts a quick-release buckle structure, which matches the installation interface of the UAV jamming gun body, enabling quick installation and removal. The connection strength after fixing can withstand a tensile force of more than 50N. The angle adjustment unit includes adjustment mechanisms in both horizontal and vertical directions. The horizontal adjustment angle range is ±30 degrees, and the vertical adjustment angle range is ±45 degrees. Stepless positioning can be achieved during adjustment, with positioning accuracy controlled within 1 degree. The antenna cover is made of high-strength insulating material and covers the outside of the multi-band radiation unit and radiation enhancement module, providing dustproof and impact protection without affecting signal radiation efficiency. The surface of the antenna cover is treated with a hydrophobic coating to suit outdoor use environments. The overall weight of the installation adapter module is controlled within 500 grams, meeting the portable operation requirements of the UAV jamming gun.

[0031] In this invention, the grounding protection module includes a grounding shielding unit, an overvoltage protection unit, and an electromagnetic compatibility optimization unit. The grounding shielding unit adopts a grounding grid structure and is connected to the grounding system of the UAV jamming gun to form an equipotential ground, suppressing electromagnetic interference. The overvoltage protection unit has a built-in surge arrester and overvoltage absorption device connected in parallel in the power supply link. When the input voltage exceeds a preset threshold, it quickly conducts to discharge energy, protecting the core module from overvoltage damage. The electromagnetic compatibility optimization unit adopts a shielding partition and a filtering structure to isolate electromagnetic coupling interference between modules. The power supply line uses shielded cables to reduce signal leakage and external interference coupling. The grounding resistance of the grounding protection module is controlled within 4 ohms, and the overvoltage protection response time is controlled within 1 microsecond, ensuring stable operation of the system under complex electromagnetic environments and harsh weather conditions.

[0032] In this invention, the multi-unit collaborative module includes a timing control unit and a parameter synchronization unit. The timing control unit coordinates the start-up and shutdown timing of the multi-band radiation units, reducing energy conflicts caused by the simultaneous start-up of signals from different frequency bands. The timing interval can be adjusted within the range of 10 to 100 milliseconds. The parameter synchronization unit synchronizes the signal parameters of each frequency band radiation unit, including modulation method and signal strength, to ensure that the multi-band interference signals form a collaborative interference effect in the target area, thereby improving the interference success rate. The multi-unit collaborative module supports both manual and automatic collaborative modes. In manual mode, collaborative parameters can be set through an external control terminal. In automatic mode, the collaborative strategy is adaptively adjusted based on the target signal characteristics fed back by the status monitoring module. The collaborative module has a built-in fault redundancy mechanism. When a certain frequency band radiation unit fails, the operating parameters of other units are automatically adjusted to fill the gap in the interference frequency band and ensure the normal operation of some functions of the system.

[0033] In this invention, the wideband adaptation module includes an impedance expansion unit and a frequency band compensation unit. The impedance expansion unit expands the impedance bandwidth of the multi-band radiation unit through a multi-section transmission line matching structure, ensuring that the impedance matching effect of each frequency band meets the preset requirements. The frequency band compensation unit uses a combination of notch suppression and gain compensation to compensate for the signal gain at the frequency band edge, avoiding gain dips and ensuring uniform interference signal strength across the entire frequency band. The wideband adaptation module can adapt to operating frequency bands covering 700MHz to 6GHz, including the 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz communication bands commonly used by UAVs, as well as GPS and BeiDou navigation bands, and supports software configuration expansion for new frequency bands. The wideband adaptation module works in conjunction with the power supply matching module, dynamically adjusting matching parameters and compensation coefficients to achieve low-loss signal transmission and stable radiation across the entire frequency band, improving the system's interference adaptability to different types of UAVs.

[0034] The following two examples further illustrate the specific implementation of this system: Example 1: Application of long-range outdoor drone jamming scenarios This embodiment provides an antenna system for a drone jamming gun, applicable to outdoor long-range drone jamming scenarios, such as border control and large venue security. Addressing the characteristics of drones' long-distance flight, significant signal attenuation, and diverse frequency bands, it achieves full-band coverage and high-intensity jamming. The system includes multi-band radiating units, a beam control module, a polarization adjustment module, a power supply matching module, an installation adapter module, a radiation enhancement module, a grounding protection module, a multi-unit coordination module, a broadband adapter module, and a status monitoring module. All modules work together to meet long-range jamming requirements.

[0035] The multi-band radiating unit employs a multi-resonant structure and a scale-like coupling design. The main radiating unit is a resonant structure containing four resonant arms of different lengths, corresponding to the 700MHz-900MHz, 1.5GHz-1.6GHz, 2.4GHz-2.5GHz, and 5.7GHz-6GHz frequency bands, respectively. Notch filters are used to separate the resonances of each frequency band, reducing inter-band interference. Each resonant arm is made of copper with a silver-plated surface to improve conductivity, and its length is precisely matched to the center frequency of the corresponding frequency band. The auxiliary radiating unit uses a scale-like interwoven structure, consisting of multiple thin copper sheets distributed in a scale-like pattern, partially overlapping the surface of the main radiating unit to form electromagnetic coupling, extending the coverage range of the 300MHz-700MHz low-frequency band. The entire multi-band radiating unit is manufactured using a one-piece molding process, with a thickness controlled within 30mm, meeting the portability requirements of drone jamming guns.

[0036] The beam control module employs a digital beamforming architecture. The phase adjustment unit consists of multiple high-precision phase adjusters, which fine-tune the phase of each radiating branch signal. The adjustment step size dynamically adapts to the operating frequency band, with slightly larger step sizes for low-frequency bands and smaller step sizes for high-frequency bands, ensuring beam pointing accuracy across different frequency bands. The amplitude allocation unit distributes the amplitude of each radiating branch signal using a weighted summation algorithm. The weighting coefficients are dynamically calculated based on the target direction and interference distance; the farther the target distance, the higher the weight of the main beam amplitude. The beam scheduling unit supports both fixed pointing and scanning modes. The fixed pointing mode focuses on a specific area, while the scanning mode gradually adjusts the beam direction within a ±60-degree range. The scanning speed can be adjusted via the jamming gun control terminal to quickly lock onto distant moving targets. The beam control module incorporates a beamforming algorithm that receives target position information from the UAV jamming gun and dynamically optimizes beam parameters to improve the signal energy density in the target area.

[0037] The polarization adjustment module includes a polarization conversion unit and a polarization filtering unit. The polarization conversion unit is controlled by an electronic switch, enabling rapid switching between linear and circular polarization modes. The linear polarization mode supports switching between horizontal and vertical polarization, with a response time controlled within 10 milliseconds. The circular polarization mode allows selection of left-hand or right-hand circular polarization. The polarization filtering unit employs a polarization selection surface structure, composed of a multilayer dielectric substrate and metal patches, filtering interference signals that are inconsistent with the target polarization direction, thus improving polarization purity. The polarization adjustment module works in conjunction with the beam control module, automatically matching the optimal polarization mode based on the target signal polarization characteristics fed back by the status monitoring module, without manual intervention.

[0038] The power supply matching module employs a combination of a wideband matching network and a unidirectional duplexer. The wideband matching network is a three-section π-type matching circuit, composed of inductors and capacitors combined with specific parameters to achieve multi-band impedance matching and stabilize the input impedance within a preset range. The unidirectional duplexer uses a microstrip line structure to achieve separate transmission of signals from different frequency bands, reducing mutual interference between multi-band signals in the power supply link. The power supply matching module has a built-in impedance monitoring unit that detects changes in the input impedance of the multi-band radiating units in real time. It adaptively adjusts the matching circuit parameters through variable capacitors and inductors to compensate for impedance shifts caused by environmental changes and frequency band switching. The power supply interface uses a threaded anti-loosening structure, compatible with the signal output port of the UAV jamming gun, and the connection is treated with electromagnetic sealant to reduce signal leakage.

[0039] The mounting adapter module includes a mechanical fixing unit, an angle adjustment unit, and an radome. The mechanical fixing unit uses a quick-release snap-on structure, matching the mounting interface of the UAV jamming gun. Pressing the snaps allows for quick antenna installation and removal, and the secured connection can withstand a tensile force of over 50N. The angle adjustment unit includes horizontal and vertical adjustment mechanisms. The horizontal adjustment range is ±30 degrees, and the vertical adjustment range is ±45 degrees. During adjustment, a damping structure achieves stepless positioning with an accuracy controlled within 1 degree. The radome is made of high-strength polycarbonate material, covering the multi-band radiating unit and radiation enhancement module. Its surface is treated with a hydrophobic coating, providing dustproof, shockproof, and waterproof functions without affecting signal radiation efficiency. The overall weight of the mounting adapter module is kept below 500 grams, meeting the requirements for portable operation.

[0040] The radiation enhancement module includes a secondary reflection unit and a quasi-optical lens unit. The secondary reflection unit is a parabolic reflective structure made of aluminum alloy with a polished surface. It is positioned along the signal radiation path of the multi-band radiation unit to reflect and focus the divergent signal. The quasi-optical lens unit is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and covers the radiation surface of the multi-band radiation unit. By optimizing the refractive index distribution, it further converges the beam and compresses the beamwidth. The secondary reflection unit and the quasi-optical lens unit are coaxially arranged, with their central axis aligned with the radiation center of the multi-band radiation unit. Both the reflective surface and the lens surface are treated with an anti-reflection coating to reduce signal reflection loss.

[0041] The grounding protection module includes a grounding shielding unit, an overvoltage protection unit, and an electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) optimization unit. The grounding shielding unit adopts a copper grounding grid structure, connected to the grounding system of the UAV jamming gun to form an equipotential ground, with the grounding resistance controlled within 4 ohms. The overvoltage protection unit incorporates a zinc oxide surge arrester and a gas discharge tube, connected in parallel in the power supply link. When the input voltage exceeds a preset threshold, it quickly conducts to discharge energy, with a response time controlled within 1 microsecond. The EMC optimization unit uses metal shielding partitions to isolate each module, and the power supply line uses shielded cables to reduce signal leakage and external interference coupling.

[0042] The multi-unit coordination module includes a timing control unit and a parameter synchronization unit. The timing control unit coordinates the start-up and shutdown timing of the multi-band radiation units, with the timing interval adjustable within the range of 10 to 100 milliseconds to reduce energy conflicts caused by the simultaneous start-up of signals from different frequency bands. The parameter synchronization unit synchronizes the modulation scheme and signal strength of each frequency band radiation unit to ensure that the multi-band interference signals form a coordinated interference effect in the target area. The multi-unit coordination module supports both manual and automatic modes. In automatic mode, the coordination strategy is adaptively adjusted based on the target signal characteristics fed back by the status monitoring module. It also has a built-in fault redundancy mechanism, which automatically adjusts the operating parameters of other units to compensate for the missing interference frequency band when a certain frequency band radiation unit fails.

[0043] The wideband adapter module includes an impedance extension unit and a frequency band compensation unit. The impedance extension unit adopts a multi-section microstrip transmission line matching structure to extend the impedance bandwidth of the multi-band radiation unit, ensuring that the impedance matching effect of each frequency band meets the preset requirements. The frequency band compensation unit uses notch suppression and gain compensation circuits to compensate for the signal gain at the frequency band edges, avoiding gain dips and ensuring uniform interference signal strength across the entire frequency band. The wideband adapter module is compatible with operating frequency bands from 700MHz to 6GHz, including the 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz communication bands commonly used by UAVs, as well as GPS and BeiDou navigation bands. It supports the expansion of new frequency bands through software configuration.

[0044] The status monitoring module has built-in voltage, current, and impedance monitoring sensors to monitor the working status of each module in real time, and provide feedback on antenna radiation performance, impedance matching status, polarization mode, and protection status information. This information is displayed in real time on the display screen of the drone jamming gun, and an audible and visual alarm is triggered when an abnormality occurs.

[0045] Table 1 System Performance Indicators for Example 1 Performance indicator Test result Operating frequency band coverage 300MHz-6GHz Maximum effective interference distance 3000m Beam pointing accuracy ≤1 degree Polarization mode switching response time ≤10ms Side lobe suppression ratio ≥25dB Ground resistance ≤4 ohm Overall system weight ≤480g Table 1 shows that the system in this embodiment exhibits excellent performance in long-distance outdoor scenarios. The operating frequency band covers 300MHz-6GHz, achieving full-band coverage without dead zones, and is compatible with the communication and navigation frequency bands of various drones; the maximum effective interference distance reaches 3000 meters, meeting the needs of long-distance control; the beam pointing accuracy is controlled within 1 degree, ensuring that the interference signal is accurately focused on the target area; the polarization mode switching response is rapid, and the sidelobe suppression ratio is high, reducing interference to surrounding legitimate equipment; the grounding resistance meets requirements, and the system is lightweight, making it easy to carry and operate outdoors. These indicators fully verify the system's interference capability and reliability in long-distance, complex environments, effectively addressing drone safety hazards in outdoor scenarios.

[0046] Example 2: Application of Precise Interference in Urban Short-Range Scenarios This embodiment provides an antenna system for a drone jamming gun, applicable to close-range precision jamming scenarios in urban areas, such as commercial districts, residential areas, and airport perimeters. Addressing the characteristics of drones in urban environments—short flight distances, concentrated frequency bands, and the need to avoid interfering with nearby legal wireless equipment—the system achieves precise, low-interference drone jamming operations. The system includes a multi-band radiation unit, beam control module, polarization adjustment module, power supply matching module, installation adapter module, radiation enhancement module, grounding protection module, multi-unit coordination module, broadband adapter module, and status monitoring module. Each module is optimized for urban scenarios.

[0047] The multi-band radiating unit employs a multi-resonant structure and a scale-like coupling design. The main radiating unit is a resonant structure containing three resonant arms of different lengths, corresponding to the 2.4GHz-2.5GHz, 5.7GHz-5.8GHz, and 1.5GHz-1.6GHz frequency bands, respectively, focusing on the communication and navigation frequency bands commonly used by urban drones. Frequency band separation is achieved through a notch filter circuit. Each resonant arm is made of lightweight alloy material with a conductive coating on the surface, and its length is adapted to the center frequency of the corresponding frequency band. The auxiliary radiating unit adopts a miniaturized scale-like interwoven structure, partially overlapping the surface of the main radiating unit, and extends the 700MHz-900MHz frequency band coverage through electromagnetic coupling. The overall thickness is controlled within 30 mm, making it suitable for portable operation in urban scenarios.

[0048] The beam control module employs a digital beamforming architecture. The phase adjustment unit performs high-precision phase fine-tuning on the signals of each radiating branch, with the adjustment step size adapted to the characteristics of high-frequency signals to ensure beam pointing accuracy. The amplitude allocation unit enhances the main beam energy and suppresses sidelobe interference through a weighted summation algorithm. The weighting coefficients emphasize sidelobe suppression, ensuring that the sidelobe suppression ratio meets the requirements of urban scenarios. The beam scheduling unit supports fixed pointing and small-area scanning modes, with a scanning angle range of ±30 degrees and a slow scanning speed to avoid large-area beam sweeping interference with surrounding equipment. The beam control module incorporates a beamforming algorithm that dynamically optimizes beam parameters based on target location information, increasing the energy density of the target area while reducing surrounding radiation.

[0049] The polarization adjustment module includes a polarization conversion unit and a polarization filtering unit. The polarization conversion unit can quickly switch between linear and circular polarization modes. The linear polarization mode supports horizontal and vertical polarization switching with a response time controlled within 10 milliseconds. The circular polarization mode can select left-handed or right-handed circular polarization. The polarization filtering unit uses a miniaturized polarization selection surface structure to filter signals in non-target polarization directions, improving polarization purity. The polarization adjustment module works in conjunction with the beam control module to automatically match the polarization characteristics of the target signal, improving interference coupling efficiency.

[0050] The power supply matching module employs a combination of a wideband matching network and a unidirectional duplexer. The wideband matching network consists of two π-type matching circuits composed of miniaturized inductors and capacitors, achieving multi-band impedance matching and stabilizing the input impedance within a preset range. The unidirectional duplexer utilizes a microstrip integrated structure, resulting in a compact size and enabling separate transmission of signals from different frequency bands, reducing mutual interference. The power supply matching module incorporates an impedance monitoring unit that detects impedance changes in real time and adaptively adjusts to compensate for impedance shifts caused by environmental factors and frequency band switching. The power supply interface features a secure snap-fit ​​structure, is compatible with the signal output port of the UAV jamming gun, and the connection point is electromagnetically sealed.

[0051] The mounting adapter module includes a mechanical fixing unit, an angle adjustment unit, and an radome. The mechanical fixing unit uses a quick-release snap-on structure, matching the mounting interface of the UAV jamming gun for rapid installation and removal. Once fixed, the connection strength can withstand a tensile force of over 50N. The angle adjustment unit includes horizontal and vertical adjustment mechanisms, with both horizontal and vertical adjustment angles ranging from ±20 degrees. A damping structure enables stepless positioning with an accuracy controlled within 1 degree. The radome is made of lightweight, high-strength insulating material with a hydrophobic coating. It covers the multi-band radiation unit and radiation enhancement module, providing dust and shock protection without affecting signal radiation. The overall weight of the mounting adapter module is kept below 450 grams, meeting the portability requirements of urban scenarios.

[0052] The radiation enhancement module includes a secondary reflection unit and a quasi-optical lens unit. The secondary reflection unit is a small parabolic reflective structure made of lightweight alloy material and is positioned on the signal radiation path of the multi-band radiation unit to reflect and focus the diverging signal. The quasi-optical lens unit is made of miniaturized dielectric material and covers the radiation surface of the multi-band radiation unit to further converge the beam and compress the beamwidth. The secondary reflection unit and the quasi-optical lens unit are arranged coaxially, with their central axis aligned with the radiation center of the multi-band radiation unit. The reflective surface and the lens surface are treated with an anti-reflection coating to reduce signal reflection loss.

[0053] The grounding protection module includes a grounding shielding unit, an overvoltage protection unit, and an electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) optimization unit. The grounding shielding unit adopts a miniaturized grounding grid structure, connected to the UAV jamming gun grounding system to form an equipotential ground, with the grounding resistance controlled within 4 ohms. The overvoltage protection unit incorporates a miniaturized zinc oxide surge arrester and a gas discharge tube, connected in parallel in the feeder link, with an overvoltage response time controlled within 1 microsecond. The EMC optimization unit uses miniaturized shielding partitions to isolate each module, and the feeder line uses thin-diameter shielded cables to reduce signal leakage and external interference coupling.

[0054] The multi-unit coordination module includes a timing control unit and a parameter synchronization unit. The timing control unit coordinates the start-up and shutdown timing of the multi-band radiating units, with the timing interval adjustable within the range of 10 to 50 milliseconds to reduce energy conflicts. The parameter synchronization unit synchronizes the modulation scheme and signal strength of each band radiating unit to ensure effective coordinated interference. The multi-unit coordination module supports both manual and automatic modes. In automatic mode, the coordination strategy is adjusted based on the target signal characteristics fed back by the status monitoring module. A built-in fault redundancy mechanism automatically adjusts the operating parameters of other units to compensate for the frequency band gap when a radiating unit in one band fails.

[0055] The wideband adapter module includes an impedance extension unit and a frequency band compensation unit. The impedance extension unit employs a multi-section miniaturized transmission line matching structure to extend the impedance bandwidth of the multi-band radiation unit. The frequency band compensation unit uses miniaturized notch suppression and gain compensation circuitry to compensate for the gain of signals at the frequency band edges, avoiding gain dips and ensuring uniform interference signal strength across the entire frequency band. The wideband adapter module is compatible with operating frequency bands from 700MHz to 6GHz, including commonly used frequency bands for urban drones, and supports software configuration to add new frequency bands.

[0056] The status monitoring module has built-in miniaturized voltage, current and impedance monitoring sensors to monitor the working status of each module in real time, and provide feedback on antenna radiation performance, matching status, polarization mode and protection status information, which are displayed on the drone jamming gun display screen. An audible and visual alarm is triggered when there is an abnormality.

[0057] Table 2 System Performance Indicators for Example 2 Performance indicator Test result Operating frequency band coverage 700MHz-6GHz Effective interference distance 500m Beam pointing accuracy ≤0.8 degree Side lobe suppression ratio ≥30dB Polarization mode switching response time ≤8ms Overall system weight ≤450g Electromagnetic compatibility level Class B Table 2 shows that the system in this embodiment possesses excellent precision jamming capabilities and low interference characteristics in close-range urban scenarios. Its operating frequency band covers the 700MHz-6GHz range commonly used by urban drones, with an effective jamming distance of 500 meters, adapting to the drone jamming needs in urban scenarios. The beam pointing accuracy reaches 0.8 degrees, and the sidelobe suppression ratio is ≥30dB, significantly reducing interference to surrounding legal wireless equipment. The electromagnetic compatibility level reaches Class B, meeting the requirements of the urban electromagnetic environment. The polarization mode switching response is rapid, and the overall system weight is lightweight, facilitating flexible operation in urban scenarios. These indicators fully verify the applicability and reliability of the system in close-range urban scenarios, enabling precise jamming of illegal drones while ensuring the normal operation of surrounding wireless equipment, making it suitable for drone security control in densely populated areas such as commercial and residential areas.

[0058] Reference Figure 2 This figure visually reflects the signal radiation efficiency of the antenna system across various operating frequency bands. At 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz, the most commonly used communication bands for UAVs, the gains reach 25dB and 24dB respectively, demonstrating optimized design for the core frequency bands. While 700MHz and 6GHz are at the edge of the band and have slightly lower gains, they still remain above 18dB, thanks to the frequency band compensation function of the wideband adapter module, effectively avoiding gain dips. The stable gain performance across the entire frequency band verifies the synergistic effect of the multi-band radiating element and the wideband adapter module, ensuring that the antenna system can output sufficiently strong interference signals to UAVs at different frequency bands.

[0059] Reference Figure 3This figure clearly demonstrates the precise control capability of the beam control module. As the interference distance increases from 500 meters to 3000 meters, the beam pointing accuracy decreases slightly from 0.5 degrees to 1.0 degrees, remaining within the preset accuracy threshold throughout. The digital beamforming architecture, by dynamically adjusting the phase adjustment step size and amplitude weighting coefficients, maintains beam focus even at long distances, effectively reducing signal energy dispersion and ensuring that interference signals accurately cover the target UAV in outdoor long-distance scenarios. This verifies the antenna system's directional interference capability at different distances.

[0060] Reference Figure 4 The figure shows that the response time for all polarization mode switching is controlled within 9ms, far below the designed 10ms threshold. The polarization adjustment module uses electronic switch control and algorithm optimization to achieve rapid polarization mode switching, enabling real-time matching of the polarization characteristics of the UAV communication signal and improving the coupling efficiency between the interference signal and the UAV receiving antenna. The short response time ensures that the antenna system can still adjust the polarization mode in a timely manner when dealing with UAV signals with varying polarization characteristics, maintaining a stable and efficient interference effect.

[0061] Reference Figure 5 The figure shows that the sidelobe suppression ratio is no less than 25dB across the entire frequency band, with a fluctuation range of only ±0.5dB, demonstrating excellent stability. The beam control module enhances the main beam energy and suppresses sidelobe signals through an amplitude-weighted summation algorithm, effectively reducing the impact of interference signals on surrounding legitimate wireless equipment. The high sidelobe suppression ratio not only improves the energy density of interference signals in the target area but also reduces electromagnetic compatibility risks, making it particularly suitable for use in densely populated areas such as urban commercial districts and residential areas, reflecting the low-interference characteristics of the antenna system.

[0062] Reference Figure 6 This figure demonstrates the antenna system's adaptability to different scenarios: in outdoor long-range scenarios (border control, large venues), the effective interference distance reaches 2800-3000 meters, thanks to the secondary reflection of the radiation enhancement module and the lens focusing design, which strengthens signal energy; in urban scenarios (commercial areas, airport perimeters), the interference distance is controlled at 450-600 meters, with precise beam control avoiding excessive interference to surrounding equipment. The distance performance in different scenarios closely matches actual usage requirements, verifying that the antenna system can flexibly adapt to different scenarios, from outdoor long-range defense to precise short-range interference in urban environments.

[0063] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna system for a drone jamming gun, characterized in that, Includes the following modules: The multi-band radiation unit is used to generate multi-band interference signal radiation, covering the communication, navigation and control frequency bands commonly used by UAVs. The multi-band radiation unit adopts a multi-resonant structure and scale coupling design, including a main radiation unit and an auxiliary radiation unit. The main radiation unit is a resonant structure with multiple sets of resonant arms of different lengths. The resonant separation of different frequency bands is achieved by a notch filter circuit. The auxiliary radiating unit adopts a scale-like interwoven structure that is not directly electrically connected to the main radiating unit, and obtains energy to extend the frequency band through electromagnetic coupling. The beam control module is connected to the multi-band radiation unit and completes beam directional focusing and scanning by adjusting the phase and amplitude distribution of the radiated signal; The polarization adjustment module is connected to the multi-band radiation unit and can switch between different polarization modes. The polarization adjustment module works in conjunction with the beam control module to automatically match the optimal polarization mode according to the beam direction and target frequency band characteristics. The power supply matching module is connected to the multi-band radiation unit and the beam control module respectively to complete the low-loss transmission and impedance matching of interference signals; Installing an adapter module is used to fix the antenna system to the drone jamming gun body, providing mechanical support and angle adjustment functions; The radiation enhancement module works in conjunction with the multi-band radiation unit to enhance the signal focusing effect through a secondary radiation device. The radiation enhancement module includes a coaxially arranged secondary reflection unit and a quasi-optical lens unit, the central axes of which are aligned with the radiation center of the multi-band radiation unit to work together to focus interference signals. The grounding protection module is connected to each core module to construct a grounding shielding and overvoltage protection mechanism; The multi-unit coordination module coordinates the working timing and signal parameters of the multi-band radiation units. The multi-unit coordination module is linked with the status monitoring module and has a built-in fault redundancy mechanism. When a radiation unit of a certain frequency band fails, the working parameters of other units are automatically adjusted. The wideband adapter module expands the working bandwidth of the multi-band radiating unit and adapts to more UAV communication frequency bands. The wideband adapter module works in conjunction with the power supply matching module to dynamically adjust the matching parameters and compensation coefficients to complete low-loss signal transmission in the full frequency band from 700MHz to 6GHz. The status monitoring module monitors the working status of each module in real time and provides feedback on antenna radiation performance, matching status, and protection status information.

2. The antenna system of the UAV jamming gun according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-band radiation unit adopts a multi-resonant structure and a scale-like coupling design, including a main radiation unit and an auxiliary radiation unit. The main radiation unit is a resonant structure, and the auxiliary radiation unit adopts a scale-like interwoven structure and is electromagnetically coupled to the main radiation unit. The main radiating unit contains multiple resonant arms of different lengths, and resonant separation of different frequency bands is achieved through notch filter circuits; The auxiliary radiating unit adopts a feeding radiating structure that is not directly connected to the main radiating unit, but partially overlaps the surface of the main radiating unit and obtains energy through electromagnetic coupling; the surface of the multi-band radiating unit is treated with a conductive coating, and the structural dimensions are optimized.

3. The antenna system of the UAV jamming gun according to claim 1, characterized in that, The beam control module adopts a digital beamforming architecture, including a phase adjustment unit, an amplitude allocation unit, and a beam scheduling unit. The phase adjustment unit performs phase fine-tuning on the signals of each radiation branch of the multi-band radiation unit, and completes beam orientation through phase control. The adjustment step size is dynamically adapted according to the operating frequency band. The amplitude allocation unit allocates the signal amplitude of each radiation branch through a weighted summation algorithm, and the weighting coefficients are dynamically calculated based on the target direction and interference distance. The beam scheduling unit supports two modes: fixed beam pointing and scanning. The fixed pointing mode focuses on a specific area, while the scanning mode gradually adjusts the beam direction according to a preset angle range. The beam control module has a built-in beamforming algorithm that can dynamically optimize beam parameters based on the UAV target position information.

4. The antenna system of the UAV jamming gun according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polarization adjustment module includes a polarization conversion unit and a polarization filtering unit. The polarization conversion unit can switch between linear polarization and circular polarization modes. The linear polarization mode supports rapid switching between horizontal and vertical polarization, while the circular polarization mode can select between left-hand and right-hand circular polarization to meet the polarization matching requirements of UAV signals in specific frequency bands. The polarization filtering unit adopts a polarization selection surface structure to filter interference signals that are inconsistent with the target polarization direction. The polarization adjustment module works in conjunction with the beam control module, based on the beam direction and target frequency band characteristics.

5. The antenna system of the UAV jamming gun according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply matching module adopts a combination design of a wideband matching network and a co-directional duplexer. The wideband matching network includes a π-type matching circuit composed of inductors and capacitors, which completes multi-band impedance matching through a multi-section matching structure to stabilize the input impedance within a preset range. The co-directional duplexer circuit completes the separation and transmission of signals of different frequency bands. The power supply matching module has a built-in impedance monitoring unit that detects the input impedance changes of the multi-band radiation unit in real time and compensates for impedance shifts caused by environmental changes and frequency band switching by adaptively adjusting the matching circuit parameters. The power supply interface adopts an anti-loosening structure design and is compatible with the signal output port of the drone jamming gun.

6. The antenna system of the UAV jamming gun according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation enhancement module includes a secondary reflection unit and a quasi-optical lens unit. The secondary reflection unit is a parabolic reflection structure and is set on the signal radiation path of the multi-band radiation unit to reflect and focus the diverging signal. The quasi-optical lens unit is made of dielectric material and covers the radiation surface of the multi-band radiation unit. Through the optimization of refractive index distribution, the beam is further focused and the beam width is compressed. The secondary reflection unit is arranged coaxially with the quasi-optical lens unit, and its central axis is aligned with the radiation center of the multi-band radiation unit. Both the reflection surface and the lens surface are treated with anti-reflection coating. The structural dimensions of the radiation enhancement module are adapted to the multi-band radiation unit and do not exceed the fixed range for installing the adapter module.

7. The antenna system of the UAV jamming gun according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation adapter module includes a mechanical fixing unit, an angle adjustment unit, and an antenna cover. The mechanical fixing unit adopts a quick-release buckle structure and matches the installation interface of the UAV jamming gun body. The angle adjustment unit includes adjustment mechanisms in both horizontal and vertical directions, and can achieve stepless positioning during the adjustment process. The radome is made of high-strength insulating material and covers the outside of the multi-band radiating unit and radiation enhancement module without affecting the signal radiation efficiency. The surface of the radome is treated with a hydrophobic coating to make it suitable for outdoor use.

8. The antenna system of the UAV jamming gun according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grounding protection module includes a grounding shielding unit, an overvoltage protection unit, and an electromagnetic compatibility optimization unit. The grounding shielding unit adopts a grounding grid structure and is connected to the grounding system of the UAV jamming gun. The overvoltage protection unit has a built-in surge arrester and overvoltage absorption device connected in parallel in the power supply link. When the input voltage exceeds a preset threshold, it quickly conducts and discharges energy. The electromagnetic compatibility optimization unit adopts a shielding partition and a filtering structure to isolate electromagnetic coupling interference between modules. The power supply line uses shielded cables.

9. The antenna system of the UAV jamming gun according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-unit coordination module includes a timing control unit and a parameter synchronization unit. The timing control unit coordinates the start-up and shutdown timing of the multi-band radiation units; the parameter synchronization unit synchronizes the signal parameters of each frequency band radiation unit; the multi-unit coordination module supports both manual and automatic coordination modes. In manual mode, coordination parameters can be set through an external control terminal, while in automatic mode, the coordination strategy is adaptively adjusted based on the target signal characteristics fed back by the status monitoring module; the coordination module has a built-in fault redundancy mechanism, which automatically adjusts the operating parameters of other units when a frequency band radiation unit fails.

10. The antenna system of the UAV jamming gun according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wideband adaptation module includes an impedance extension unit and a frequency band compensation unit. The impedance extension unit extends the impedance bandwidth of the multi-band radiation unit through a multi-section transmission line matching structure. The frequency band compensation unit adopts a combination of notch suppression and gain compensation. The wideband adaptation module can adapt to operating frequency bands covering 700MHz to 6GHz and supports software configuration expansion for new frequency bands. The wideband adaptation module works in conjunction with the power supply matching module to achieve low-loss signal transmission and stable radiation across the entire frequency band by dynamically adjusting matching parameters and compensation coefficients.

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