Domain controller and power supply circuit

Abstract

The invention provides a domain controller and a power circuit, the power circuit comprises a main power supply branch, a standby power supply branch and a first voltage acquisition unit, the main power supply branch is provided with a first one-way conduction device, the control end of the first one-way conduction device is connected with a first controller, the standby power supply branch is provided with a second one-way conduction device, and the control end of the second one-way conduction device is connected with a second controller. The control end of the second one-way conduction device is connected with the second controller; the first voltage acquisition unit is configured to be capable of acquiring the voltage of the power supply input from the first power supply input node and outputting the voltage to the main control unit; the first controller is configured to be capable of receiving a first control signal of the main control unit and controlling the first one-way conduction device to be conducted or cut off according to the first control signal; and the second controller is configured to be capable of receiving a second control signal of the main control unit and controlling the second one-way conduction device to be conducted or cut off according to the second control signal. The power supply circuit can improve the power supply safety level of the controller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power supply technology, and in particular to a domain controller and power supply circuit. Background Technology

[0002] In intelligent driving applications, a sudden power outage of the domain controller can have serious consequences. Therefore, it is necessary to design a power supply circuit for the domain controller to improve safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and proposes a domain controller and power supply circuit.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a power supply circuit, including: a main power supply branch, a backup power supply branch, and a first voltage acquisition unit. One end of the main power supply branch is connected to a first power input node, one end of the backup power supply branch is connected to a second power input node, and the other ends of both the main power supply branch and the backup power supply branch are connected to a power output node. A first unidirectional conducting device is provided on the main power supply branch, and the control terminal of the first unidirectional conducting device is connected to a first controller. A second unidirectional conducting device is provided on the backup power supply branch, and the control terminal of the second unidirectional conducting device is connected to a second controller.

[0005] The first voltage acquisition unit is configured to acquire the voltage of the power input from the first power input node and output it to the main control unit.

[0006] The first controller is configured to receive a first control signal from the main control unit and control the first unidirectional conduction device to be turned on or off according to the first control signal.

[0007] The second controller is configured to receive the second control signal from the main control unit and control the second unidirectional conduction device to be turned on or off according to the second control signal.

[0008] The first controller is a first ideal diode controller. The second controller is a second ideal diode controller.

[0009] In some embodiments, the main power supply branch is further provided with a first power pre-processing circuit, which is configured to perform pre-processing on the power input from the first power input node.

[0010] The first power supply pre-processing circuit includes at least one of a filter circuit and a freewheeling and energy storage voltage regulation circuit.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first unidirectional conducting device is a first MOS transistor.

[0012] In some embodiments, the control terminal of the first MOSFET is connected to the first controller, the first terminal of the first MOSFET is connected to the output terminal of the power pre-processing circuit, and the second terminal of the first MOSFET is connected to the power output node.

[0013] In some embodiments, a first current sampling resistor is connected in series on the main power supply branch, and the first voltage acquisition unit includes two voltage acquisition branches. The input terminals of the two voltage acquisition branches are respectively connected to the two ends of the first current sampling resistor, and the output terminals of the two voltage acquisition branches are respectively connected to the main control unit.

[0014] The main control unit is used to obtain the current of the main power supply branch based on the voltage difference across the first current sampling resistor.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first current sampling resistor is located between the first power input node and the input terminal of the first power preprocessing circuit.

[0016] In some embodiments, the power supply circuit of the present invention further includes a second voltage acquisition unit, which is configured to acquire the voltage of the power supply input from the second power input node and output it to the main control unit.

[0017] In some embodiments, a second current sampling resistor is connected in series on the backup power supply branch, and the second voltage acquisition unit includes two voltage acquisition branches. The input terminals of the two voltage acquisition branches are respectively connected to the two ends of the second current sampling resistor, and the output terminals of the two voltage acquisition branches are respectively connected to the main control unit.

[0018] The main control unit is used to obtain the current of the backup power supply branch based on the voltage difference across the second current sampling resistor.

[0019] In some embodiments, the second current sampling resistor is located between the second power input node and the input terminal of the second power preprocessing circuit.

[0020] In some embodiments, the second unidirectional conducting device is a second transistor.

[0021] In some embodiments, the voltage acquisition branch includes a voltage divider network, a switching transistor, and a filter circuit. The voltage divider network is configured to proportionally reduce the voltage acquired at the input terminal. The switching transistor is configured to receive a control signal from the main control unit to perform a conduction or cutoff operation, thereby turning the voltage acquisition branch on or off. The filter circuit is configured to filter out noise in the voltage after voltage division.

[0022] In some embodiments, the voltage acquisition branch further includes a limiting protection circuit, which is configured to clamp the sampled voltage within a set range when the sampled voltage exceeds a set threshold.

[0023] In some embodiments, the backup power supply branch is further provided with a second power pre-processing circuit, which is configured to perform pre-processing on the power input from the second power input node.

[0024] The second power supply pre-processing circuit includes at least one of a filter circuit and a freewheeling and energy storage voltage regulation circuit.

[0025] The freewheeling and energy storage voltage regulator circuit includes an inductor and a freewheeling diode. One end of the inductor and the negative terminal of the freewheeling diode are connected to the first power supply voltage node, and the other end of the inductor and the positive terminal of the freewheeling diode are connected to the second power supply voltage node.

[0026] The filtering circuit includes at least one filtering branch, one end of each filtering branch is connected to a first power supply voltage node or a second power supply voltage node, the other end of each filtering branch is grounded, and at least one first filtering capacitor is connected in series in each filtering branch.

[0027] In some embodiments, the first power pre-processing circuit and the second power pre-processing circuit further include a Zener diode, one end of which is connected to the first power input node or the second power input node, and the other end of which is grounded.

[0028] In some embodiments, a third unidirectional conducting device is connected in parallel across the two ends of the first unidirectional conducting device. The third unidirectional conducting device has a first connection end and a second connection end. The first connection end of the third unidirectional conducting device is connected to the first end of the first unidirectional conducting device, and the second connection end of the third unidirectional conducting device is connected to the second end of the first unidirectional conducting device. The third unidirectional conducting device is configured to enable the voltage to be unidirectionally transmitted from the first connection end to the second connection end, and to block the voltage from being transmitted from the second connection end to the first connection end.

[0029] It also includes a power management circuit for supplying power to the main control unit, wherein the power input terminal of the power management circuit is connected to the power output node, and the power output terminal of the power management circuit is connected to the power supply terminal of the main control unit.

[0030] In some embodiments, the third unidirectional conducting device is a diode.

[0031] In a second aspect, this disclosure also provides a domain controller, including: the power supply circuitry as described in the first aspect.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The power supply circuit provided by the technical solution of this disclosure includes: a main power supply branch, a backup power supply branch, and a first voltage acquisition unit. One end of the main power supply branch is connected to a first power input node, one end of the backup power supply branch is connected to a second power input node, and the other ends of both the main power supply branch and the backup power supply branch are connected to power output nodes. A first unidirectional conducting device is provided on the main power supply branch, and the control terminal of the first unidirectional conducting device is connected to a first controller. A second unidirectional conducting device is provided on the backup power supply branch, and the control terminal of the second unidirectional conducting device is connected to a second controller. The first voltage acquisition unit is configured to acquire the voltage of the power supply input from the first power input node and output it to the main control unit. The first controller is configured to receive a first control signal from the main control unit and control the first unidirectional conducting device to turn on or off according to the first control signal. The second controller is configured to receive a second control signal from the main control unit and control the second unidirectional conducting device to turn on or off according to the second control signal. This invention sets up power redundancy and monitors the power supply voltage through the first voltage acquisition unit, and performs power supply channel switching according to the power supply voltage status, which can improve the power safety level of the controller. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic block diagram of a power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0034] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of the first voltage acquisition unit and the first power supply pre-processing circuit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0035] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of the first reverse connection protection module provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0036] Figure 4 A circuit diagram of the second voltage acquisition unit and the second power supply pre-processing circuit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0037] Figure 5 A circuit diagram of the second reverse connection protection module provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0038] Figure 6 A circuit diagram of the main control unit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments of the present invention to aid understanding. These should be considered merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art should recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. Similarly, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0040] Where there is no conflict, the various embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with each other.

[0041] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more related enumerated entries.

[0042] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used herein, the singular forms “a” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that when the terms “comprising” and / or “made of” are used in this specification, the presence of the stated feature, integral, step, operation, element, and / or component is specified, but the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof is not excluded. Terms such as “connected” or “linked” are not limited to physical or mechanical connections but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0043] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. It will also be understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having the meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the invention, and will not be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning unless expressly so defined herein.

[0044] In the embodiments of this disclosure, except where a specific transistor type is specifically emphasized, other transistors can be field-effect transistors or other devices with the same or similar characteristics. Since the source and drain of the transistors used are symmetrical, there is no distinction between their source and drain. Furthermore, in this disclosure, only to distinguish the two terminals of the transistor other than the control terminal (i.e., the gate) is one of the source and drain terminals referred to as the first terminal and the other as the second terminal.

[0045] Unless otherwise specified, the transistors in the embodiments of this disclosure can be either N-type or P-type transistors. In this disclosure, "active level" refers to the level that controls the corresponding transistor to conduct, and "inactive level" refers to the level that controls the corresponding transistor to cut off. For N-type transistors, the active level is high and the inactive level is low; for P-type transistors, the active level is low and the inactive level is high.

[0046] Furthermore, the “node” described in this disclosure is not a real physical point, but rather a designated location in a circuit.

[0047] Furthermore, the resistance values, capacitance values, threshold voltages, currents, and other data given in the following embodiments are all optional examples in the disclosure and will not limit the technical solutions of this disclosure.

[0048] In intelligent driving applications, a sudden power outage of the domain controller can have serious consequences. Therefore, it is necessary to design a power supply circuit for the domain controller to improve safety.

[0049] In order to effectively improve or even completely solve the above-mentioned problems in the related technologies, this disclosure provides corresponding solutions.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of a power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 A schematic block diagram of a power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; as shown Figure 1 As shown, the power supply circuit includes: a main power supply branch, a backup power supply branch, and a first voltage acquisition unit 3. One end of the main power supply branch is connected to a first power input node, and the other end of the main power supply branch is connected to a power output node. A first unidirectional conducting device is provided on the main power supply branch, and the control terminal of the first unidirectional conducting device is connected to a first ideal diode controller U1. One end of the backup power supply branch is connected to a second power input node, and the other end of the backup power supply branch is connected to a power output node. A second unidirectional conducting device is provided on the backup power supply branch, and the control terminal of the second unidirectional conducting device is connected to a second ideal diode controller U2.

[0051] The first voltage acquisition unit 3 is configured to acquire the voltage of the power input from the first power input node and output it to the main control unit 7;

[0052] The first ideal diode controller U1 is configured to receive the first control signal from the main control unit 7 and output an effective level signal according to the first control signal to control the first unidirectional conducting device to be turned on or off.

[0053] The second ideal diode controller U2 is configured to receive the second control signal from the main control unit 7 and output an effective level signal according to the second control signal to control the second unidirectional conducting device to turn on or off.

[0054] The power output node is used to supply power to electrical equipment 8, i.e., the load.

[0055] In some embodiments, the main power supply branch is further provided with a first power pre-processing circuit 1, which is configured to perform pre-processing on the power input from the first power input node.

[0056] In some embodiments, the first power supply pre-processing circuit 1 includes at least one of a filter circuit, a freewheeling circuit, and an energy storage voltage regulator circuit.

[0057] In some embodiments, the first power supply pre-processing circuit 1 includes at least one of a first filter circuit, a freewheeling and energy storage voltage regulator circuit, and a second filter circuit.

[0058] The first filtering circuit includes at least one first filtering branch. One end of each first filtering branch is connected to the input terminal of the power supply pre-processing circuit, and the other end of each first filtering branch is grounded. At least one first filtering capacitor is connected in series in each first filtering branch. The first filtering circuit is a wideband filter group. Through capacitor matching, it can cover high and low frequency noise (small capacitance value filters high frequency interference, and large capacitance value filters low frequency ripple), making the input power supply more stable.

[0059] In some embodiments, the freewheeling and energy storage voltage regulator circuit includes an inductor L2 and a freewheeling diode D6. One end of the inductor L2 and the negative terminal of the freewheeling diode D6 are connected to the input terminal of the power supply pre-processing circuit, and the other end of the inductor L2 and the positive terminal of the freewheeling diode D6 are connected to the output terminal of the power supply pre-processing circuit.

[0060] L1 is used to further filter out high-frequency ripple in the power supply; D1 is a freewheeling diode, which provides a freewheeling path when the current in L1 changes suddenly (such as load fluctuations), preventing the inductor from generating high voltage spikes that could damage the components.

[0061] In some embodiments, the second filtering circuit includes at least one second filtering branch, one end of which is connected to the output of the power supply pre-processing circuit, and the other end of which is grounded. At least one second filtering capacitor is connected in series with each second filtering branch. The second filtering circuit functions identically to the first filtering circuit, performing broadband filtering on the power supply again to enhance its "purity" and provide a more stable voltage for subsequent circuits.

[0062] When the power is off, the freewheeling diode D6 is used to discharge the energy of the inductor and prevent the instantaneous current from impacting the subsequent circuit.

[0063] In some embodiments, the first power pre-processing circuit 1 further includes a first Zener diode Z1, one end of which is connected to the first power input node, and the other end of which is grounded. The Zener diode can limit the upper limit of the input voltage to prevent excessive voltage from damaging subsequent circuits.

[0064] In some embodiments, the first unidirectional conducting device is a first transistor Q1. The first unidirectional conducting device and the first ideal diode controller constitute a first reverse connection protection module 2, which replaces ordinary diodes to achieve "forward conduction and reverse cutoff". Compared with ordinary diodes, transistors such as MOSFETs have extremely low on-resistance and their on-voltage drop is much lower than that of diodes (reducing heat generation and improving efficiency).

[0065] In some embodiments, the control terminal of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the first ideal diode controller U1, the first terminal of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the first power supply pre-processing circuit 1, and the second terminal of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the power output node. The VCAP pin of the first ideal diode controller U1 is connected to the output terminal of the first power supply pre-processing circuit 1 via at least one capacitor (such as capacitors C15 and C16 connected in series). The EN pin of the first ideal diode controller U1 is connected to one end of resistor R2 and one end of resistor R3, respectively. The other end of resistor R2 is connected to the first output terminal of the main control unit 7, and the other end of resistor R3 is grounded. The CATHODE pin of the first ideal diode controller U1 is connected to the power output node. The ANODE pin of the first ideal diode controller U1 is connected to the output terminal of the first power supply pre-processing circuit 1.

[0066] The ideal diode controller controls the MOSFET to simulate the characteristics of an "ideal diode"; the enable circuit (R2+R3) controls the EN pin of the ideal diode controller through a voltage divider of the VBAT1_12V_EN signal to realize the "on / off" of the circuit.

[0067] In some embodiments, a first current sampling resistor R1 is connected in series on the main power supply branch, and the first voltage acquisition unit 3 includes two voltage acquisition branches. The input terminals of the two voltage acquisition branches are respectively connected to the two ends of the first current sampling resistor R1, and the output terminals of the two voltage acquisition branches are respectively connected to the main control unit 7.

[0068] The main control unit 7 is used to calculate the current flowing through the main power supply branch based on the voltage difference across the first current sampling resistor R1, with the formula: I=(VBAT1_12V-VBAT1_12V_IN) / R1.

[0069] In some embodiments, the first current sampling resistor R1 is located between the first power input node and the input terminal of the first power preprocessing circuit 1.

[0070] In some embodiments, the power supply circuit of the present invention further includes a second voltage acquisition unit 6, which is configured to acquire the voltage of the power supply input from the second power input node and output it to the main control unit 7.

[0071] The first power input node and the second power input node are connected to independent power supplies, such as the first power input node being connected to the main power supply and the second power input node being connected to the backup power supply (or redundant power supply). The main power supply and the backup power supply (or redundant power supply) run on separate vehicle wiring harnesses.

[0072] In some embodiments, the first power input node and the second power input node are respectively connected to independent power supplies via an interface.

[0073] In some embodiments, a second current sampling resistor R12 is connected in series on the backup power supply branch, and the second voltage acquisition unit 6 includes two voltage acquisition branches. The input terminals of the two voltage acquisition branches are respectively connected to the two ends of the second current sampling resistor R12, and the output terminals of the two voltage acquisition branches are respectively connected to the main control unit 7.

[0074] The main control unit 7 is used to obtain the current of the backup power supply branch based on the voltage difference across the second current sampling resistor R12.

[0075] In some embodiments, the second current sampling resistor R12 is located between the second power input node and the input terminal of the second power preprocessing circuit 4.

[0076] In some embodiments, the second unidirectional conducting device is a second transistor Q4. The second unidirectional conducting device and the second ideal diode controller constitute a second reverse connection protection module 5, which replaces ordinary diodes to achieve "forward conduction and reverse cutoff". Compared with ordinary diodes, transistors such as MOSFETs have extremely low on-resistance and their on-voltage drop is much lower than that of diodes (reducing heat generation and improving efficiency).

[0077] In some embodiments, the control terminal of the second transistor Q4 is connected to the second ideal diode controller, the first terminal of the second transistor Q4 is connected to the output terminal of the second power supply pre-processing circuit 4, and the second terminal of the second transistor Q4 is connected to the power output node. The VCAP pin of the second ideal diode controller is connected to the output terminal of the second power supply pre-processing circuit 4 via at least one capacitor (such as capacitors C35 and C36 connected in series). The EN pin of the second ideal diode controller is connected to one end of resistor R12 and one end of resistor R13, respectively. The other end of resistor R12 is connected to the second output terminal of the main control unit 7, and the other end of resistor R13 is grounded. The CATHODE pin of the second ideal diode controller is connected to the power output node. The ANODE pin of the second ideal diode controller is connected to the output terminal of the second power supply pre-processing circuit 4.

[0078] In some embodiments, the voltage acquisition branch includes a voltage divider network, a switching transistor, and a filter circuit. The voltage divider network is configured to reduce the voltage acquired at the input terminal proportionally. The switching transistor is configured to receive a control signal from the main control unit 7 to perform a conduction or cutoff operation, thereby turning the voltage acquisition branch on or off. The filter circuit is configured to filter out noise in the voltage after voltage division.

[0079] The voltage acquisition branch also includes a limiting protection circuit, which is configured to clamp the sampled voltage within a set range when the sampled voltage exceeds a set threshold.

[0080] Taking one voltage acquisition branch as an example, the voltage divider network includes resistors R4 and R6, and the filter circuit includes resistor R7 and capacitor C17. One end of resistor R4 is the input terminal of the voltage acquisition branch, and the other end of resistor R4 is connected to the first terminal (e.g., drain) of switching transistor Q2. The second terminal (e.g., source) of switching transistor Q2 (e.g., MOSFET) is connected to one end of resistor R6 and one end of resistor R7. The other end of resistor R6 is grounded. The other end of resistor R7 is connected to the output terminal of the voltage acquisition branch and one end of capacitor C17, and the other end of capacitor C17 is grounded. The output terminal of the voltage acquisition branch is connected to the AD input terminal of the main control unit 7. The limiting protection circuit includes a clamping diode D2. One end of clamping diode D2 is connected to a first voltage (e.g., 3.3V), and the other end of clamping diode D2 is connected to the output terminal of the voltage acquisition branch. The control electrode of switching transistor Q2 is connected to the main control unit 7 via resistor R5. VBAT1_IN_AD_EN is the enable control signal output by the main control unit 7, which drives the conduction / cutoff of Q2 through resistor R5. When Q2 is turned off, the power consumption of the system during standby is reduced. VBAT1_AD_EN is used to enable the voltage acquisition branch. When the power supply branch corresponding to the voltage acquisition branch is not in use, the voltage acquisition branch is turned off to reduce current consumption and avoid interference from external static electricity, pulses, etc. to the MCU port. R4 and R6 form a voltage divider network to proportionally reduce the high voltage of the main power supply to adapt to the AD sampling voltage range of the MCU (MCU_3.3V) (usually ≤3.3V). VBAT1_AD = VBAT1_12V * R10 / (R8 + R10). R7 and C17 form an RC filter circuit to filter out high-frequency noise in the voltage after voltage division, making the sampling signal input to VBAT1_IN_AD more stable and improving the accuracy of AD sampling. One end of the clamping diode D2 is connected to the 3.3V power supply of the MCU. When the external 12V power rises abnormally, that is, when the sampling signal voltage rises abnormally (exceeding 3.3V + the forward voltage drop of the diode), D2 turns on and clamps the sampling voltage to around 3.3V (limiting the MCU port voltage to a safe range of 3.3V) to prevent excessive voltage from damaging the MCU's AD sampling pin.

[0081] In some embodiments, the backup power supply branch is further provided with a second power preprocessing circuit 4, which is configured to perform preprocessing on the power input from the second power input node.

[0082] In some embodiments, the second power supply pre-processing circuit 4 includes at least one of a filter circuit, a freewheeling circuit, and an energy storage voltage regulator circuit.

[0083] In some embodiments, the second power pre-processing circuit 4 is the same as the first power pre-processing circuit 1.

[0084] In some embodiments, a third unidirectional conducting device is connected in parallel across the two ends of the first unidirectional conducting device. The third unidirectional conducting device has a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal. The first connection terminal of the third unidirectional conducting device is connected to the first terminal of the first unidirectional conducting device, and the second connection terminal of the third unidirectional conducting device is connected to the second terminal of the first unidirectional conducting device. The third unidirectional conducting device is configured to enable unidirectional voltage transfer from the first connection terminal to the second connection terminal and to block voltage transfer from the second connection terminal to the first connection terminal. The first unidirectional conducting device and the third unidirectional conducting device may, but are not limited to, be integrated into a single device.

[0085] In some embodiments, the power supply circuit further includes a power management circuit for supplying power to the main control unit 7, wherein the power input terminal of the power management circuit is connected to the power output node, and the power output terminal of the power management circuit is connected to the power supply terminal of the main control unit 7.

[0086] In some embodiments, the third unidirectional conducting device is a diode. During normal operation, with 12V power on, the third unidirectional conducting device conducts, resulting in a voltage drop of approximately 0.7V, enabling the PMIC (Power Management Circuit) and the main control unit 7 (including the MCU) to operate. After the main control unit 7 (including the MCU) completes power-on initialization, it turns on the first ideal diode controller via VBAT1_12V_EN. At this time, the first unidirectional conducting device Q1 conducts, with a voltage drop of almost zero. The main control unit 7 (including the MCU) detects the voltage VBAT1_AD and the current I. It defines the normal ranges for the power supply voltage and current as Vmin, Vmax, Imin, and Imax. When VBAT1_AD < Vmin or VBAT1_AD > Vmax, or I < Imin or I > Imax, the main control unit 7 (including the MCU) activates the redundant power supply (i.e., the backup power supply branch) to maintain power supply, and simultaneously reports the fault to the vehicle diagnostic system via the CAN bus. The second unidirectional conducting device Q4 in the backup power supply branch has no parallel diodes and is not conducting under normal conditions.

[0087] The main power supply branch and backup power supply branch of this invention both include pre-processing of the 12V power supply and low-loss reverse connection protection. The low-loss reverse connection protection prevents reverse connection of the power supply (avoiding damage to the circuit from reversed positive and negative connections), while also achieving "low conduction loss" (more efficient than ordinary diodes) and enabling power channel switching. The final output is a purified 12V power supply (VCC_12V), suitable for equipment requiring high power quality and efficiency. This invention sets up power redundancy and monitors the supply voltage through the first voltage acquisition unit 3, performing power channel switching based on the supply voltage status, thereby improving the power safety level of the controller.

[0088] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a domain controller, including the power supply circuit provided in any of the preceding embodiments. For a description of the power supply circuit, please refer to the content in the preceding embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0089] In some embodiments, the vehicle domain controller is a core electronic unit that centrally manages a specific functional domain of the vehicle. By integrating the functions of multiple distributed ECUs (electronic control units 7), it achieves centralized signal processing, resource sharing, and collaborative control within the domain. Examples include powertrain domain controllers, chassis domain controllers, body domain controllers, cockpit domain controllers, and autonomous driving domain controllers. The powertrain domain controller manages core components such as the engine, transmission, motor, and battery, and is responsible for power output and energy distribution. The chassis domain controller coordinates the braking, steering, and suspension systems, enabling functions such as ESC (Electronic Stability Control) and automatic parking. The body domain controller controls body accessories such as lights, windows, air conditioning, and wipers, ensuring comfort and basic operation. The cockpit domain controller integrates the central control screen, instrument panel, and HUD (Head-Up Display), and is responsible for in-vehicle entertainment, navigation, and human-machine interaction. The autonomous driving domain controller processes data from sensors such as cameras and radar, enabling ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control), Level 2+, and higher levels of autonomous driving functions.

[0090] Example embodiments have been disclosed herein, and while specific terminology has been used, it is for illustrative purposes only and should be construed as such, and is not intended to be limiting. In some instances, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that features, characteristics, and / or elements described in conjunction with particular embodiments may be used alone, or in combination with features, characteristics, and / or elements described in conjunction with other embodiments, unless otherwise expressly indicated. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit, characterized in that, include: The system includes a main power supply branch, a backup power supply branch, and a first voltage acquisition unit. One end of the main power supply branch is connected to the first power input node, and one end of the backup power supply branch is connected to the second power input node. The other ends of both the main power supply branch and the backup power supply branch are connected to the power output node. The main power supply branch is equipped with a first unidirectional conduction device, the control terminal of which is connected to the first controller. The backup power supply branch is equipped with a second unidirectional conduction device, the control terminal of which is connected to the second controller. The first voltage acquisition unit is configured to acquire the voltage of the power input from the first power input node and output it to the main control unit. The first controller is configured to receive a first control signal from the main control unit and control the first unidirectional conduction device to be turned on or off according to the first control signal. The second controller is configured to receive the second control signal from the main control unit and control the second unidirectional conduction device to be turned on or off according to the second control signal.

2. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main power supply branch is also provided with a first power pre-processing circuit, which is configured to perform pre-processing on the power input from the first power input node. The first power supply pre-processing circuit includes at least one of a filter circuit and a freewheeling and energy storage voltage regulation circuit.

3. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first current sampling resistor is connected in series on the main power supply branch. The first voltage acquisition unit includes two voltage acquisition branches. The input terminals of the two voltage acquisition branches are respectively connected to the two ends of the first current sampling resistor, and the output terminals of the two voltage acquisition branches are respectively connected to the main control unit.

4. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second voltage acquisition unit, which is configured to acquire the voltage of the power input from the second power input node and output it to the main control unit.

5. The power supply circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second current sampling resistor is connected in series on the backup power supply branch. The second voltage acquisition unit includes two voltage acquisition branches. The input terminals of the two voltage acquisition branches are respectively connected to the two ends of the second current sampling resistor, and the output terminals of the two voltage acquisition branches are respectively connected to the main control unit.

6. The power supply circuit according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: The voltage acquisition branch includes a voltage divider network, a switching transistor, and a filter circuit. The voltage divider network is configured to reduce the voltage acquired at the input terminal proportionally. The switching transistor is configured to receive control signals from the main control unit to perform on or off operations, thereby turning the voltage acquisition branch on or off. The filter circuit is configured to filter out noise in the voltage after voltage division.

7. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backup power supply branch is also provided with a second power pre-processing circuit, which is configured to perform pre-processing on the power input from the second power input node. The second power supply pre-processing circuit includes at least one of a filter circuit and a freewheeling and energy storage voltage regulation circuit.

8. The power supply circuit according to claim 2 or 7, characterized in that: The freewheeling and energy storage voltage regulator circuit includes an inductor and a freewheeling diode. One end of the inductor and the negative terminal of the freewheeling diode are connected to the first power supply voltage node, and the other end of the inductor and the positive terminal of the freewheeling diode are connected to the second power supply voltage node. The filtering circuit includes at least one filtering branch, one end of each filtering branch is connected to a first power supply voltage node or a second power supply voltage node, the other end of each filtering branch is grounded, and at least one first filtering capacitor is connected in series in each filtering branch.

9. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third unidirectional conducting device is connected in parallel across the two ends of the first unidirectional conducting device. The third unidirectional conducting device has a first connection end and a second connection end. The first connection end of the third unidirectional conducting device is connected to the first end of the first unidirectional conducting device, and the second connection end of the third unidirectional conducting device is connected to the second end of the first unidirectional conducting device. The third unidirectional conducting device is configured to enable the voltage to be transmitted unidirectionally from the first connection end to the second connection end, and to block the voltage from being transmitted from the second connection end to the first connection end. It also includes a power management circuit for supplying power to the main control unit, wherein the power input terminal of the power management circuit is connected to the power output node, and the power output terminal of the power management circuit is connected to the power supply terminal of the main control unit.

10. A domain controller, characterized in that, include: The power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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